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Mendelian GeneticsAn Overview
Vocabulary• Character –heritable feature• Trait – each variant for a character• True-breeding – plants that self-pollinate all
offspring are the same variety• Monohybrid cross – a cross that tracks the
inheritance of a single character• P generation – (parental) true-breeding• F1- (first filial) offspring of P generation• F2 – (second filial) offspring from F1 cross
Vocabulary (continued)• Allele- alternate version of a gene• Dominate allele – expressed in the heterozygote• Recessive allele – not expressed in the heterozygote• Homozygote – pair of identical alleles for a
character– Homozygous dominant- BB– Homozygous recessive - bb
• Heterozygote – two different alleles for a character (Bb)
• Genotype – genetic makeup• Phenotype – appearance of an organism
Law of Segregation - the two alleles for each character segregate during gamete
production
2
Law of Independent Assortment – Each set of alleles segregates independently
Test cross – designed to reveal the genotype of an organism
Mendelian Inheritance and Rules of Probability
• Rule of Multiplication
• Rule of Addition
Incomplete Dominance Codominance
3
Multiple Alleles Pleiotropy
EpistasisEpistasisPolygenetic Inheritance
Technology
And
Genetic testing
Carrier
Recognition
1
Mendelian GeneticsAn Overview
Vocabulary• Character –heritable feature• Trait – each variant for a character• True-breeding – plants that self-pollinate all
offspring are the same variety• Monohybrid cross – a cross that tracks the
inheritance of a single character• P generation – (parental) true-breeding• F1- (first filial) offspring of P generation• F2 – (second filial) offspring from F1 cross
Vocabulary (continued)• Allele- alternate version of a gene• Dominate allele – expressed in the heterozygote• Recessive allele – not expressed in the heterozygote• Homozygote – pair of identical alleles for a
character– Homozygous dominant- BB– Homozygous recessive - bb
• Heterozygote – two different alleles for a character (Bb)
• Genotype – genetic makeup• Phenotype – appearance of an organism
Law of Segregation - the two alleles for each character segregate during gamete
production
2
Law of Independent Assortment – Each set of alleles segregates independently
Test cross – designed to reveal the genotype of an organism
Mendelian Inheritance and Rules of Probability
• Rule of Multiplication
• Rule of Addition
Incomplete Dominance Codominance
3
Multiple Alleles Pleiotropy
EpistasisEpistasisPolygenetic Inheritance
Technology
And
Genetic testing
Carrier
Recognition
1
Mendelian GeneticsAn Overview
Vocabulary• Character –heritable feature• Trait – each variant for a character• True-breeding – plants that self-pollinate all
offspring are the same variety• Monohybrid cross – a cross that tracks the
inheritance of a single character• P generation – (parental) true-breeding• F1- (first filial) offspring of P generation• F2 – (second filial) offspring from F1 cross
Vocabulary (continued)• Allele- alternate version of a gene• Dominate allele – expressed in the heterozygote• Recessive allele – not expressed in the heterozygote• Homozygote – pair of identical alleles for a
character– Homozygous dominant- BB– Homozygous recessive - bb
• Heterozygote – two different alleles for a character (Bb)
• Genotype – genetic makeup• Phenotype – appearance of an organism
Law of Segregation - the two alleles for each character segregate during gamete
production
2
Law of Independent Assortment – Each set of alleles segregates independently
Test cross – designed to reveal the genotype of an organism
Mendelian Inheritance and Rules of Probability
• Rule of Multiplication
• Rule of Addition
Incomplete Dominance Codominance
3
Multiple Alleles Pleiotropy
EpistasisEpistasisPolygenetic Inheritance
Technology
And
Genetic testing
Carrier
Recognition
1
Mendelian GeneticsAn Overview
Vocabulary• Character –heritable feature• Trait – each variant for a character• True-breeding – plants that self-pollinate all
offspring are the same variety• Monohybrid cross – a cross that tracks the
inheritance of a single character• P generation – (parental) true-breeding• F1- (first filial) offspring of P generation• F2 – (second filial) offspring from F1 cross
Vocabulary (continued)• Allele- alternate version of a gene• Dominate allele – expressed in the heterozygote• Recessive allele – not expressed in the heterozygote• Homozygote – pair of identical alleles for a
character– Homozygous dominant- BB– Homozygous recessive - bb
• Heterozygote – two different alleles for a character (Bb)
• Genotype – genetic makeup• Phenotype – appearance of an organism
Law of Segregation - the two alleles for each character segregate during gamete
production
2
Law of Independent Assortment – Each set of alleles segregates independently
Test cross – designed to reveal the genotype of an organism
Mendelian Inheritance and Rules of Probability
• Rule of Multiplication
• Rule of Addition
Incomplete Dominance Codominance
3
Multiple Alleles Pleiotropy
EpistasisEpistasisPolygenetic Inheritance
Technology
And
Genetic testing
Carrier
Recognition
1
Mendelian GeneticsAn Overview
Vocabulary• Character –heritable feature• Trait – each variant for a character• True-breeding – plants that self-pollinate all
offspring are the same variety• Monohybrid cross – a cross that tracks the
inheritance of a single character• P generation – (parental) true-breeding• F1- (first filial) offspring of P generation• F2 – (second filial) offspring from F1 cross
Vocabulary (continued)• Allele- alternate version of a gene• Dominate allele – expressed in the heterozygote• Recessive allele – not expressed in the heterozygote• Homozygote – pair of identical alleles for a
character– Homozygous dominant- BB– Homozygous recessive - bb
• Heterozygote – two different alleles for a character (Bb)
• Genotype – genetic makeup• Phenotype – appearance of an organism
Law of Segregation - the two alleles for each character segregate during gamete
production
2
Law of Independent Assortment – Each set of alleles segregates independently
Test cross – designed to reveal the genotype of an organism
Mendelian Inheritance and Rules of Probability
• Rule of Multiplication
• Rule of Addition
Incomplete Dominance Codominance
3
Multiple Alleles Pleiotropy
EpistasisEpistasisPolygenetic Inheritance
Technology
And
Genetic testing
Carrier
Recognition
1
Mendelian GeneticsAn Overview
Vocabulary• Character –heritable feature• Trait – each variant for a character• True-breeding – plants that self-pollinate all
offspring are the same variety• Monohybrid cross – a cross that tracks the
inheritance of a single character• P generation – (parental) true-breeding• F1- (first filial) offspring of P generation• F2 – (second filial) offspring from F1 cross
Vocabulary (continued)• Allele- alternate version of a gene• Dominate allele – expressed in the heterozygote• Recessive allele – not expressed in the heterozygote• Homozygote – pair of identical alleles for a
character– Homozygous dominant- BB– Homozygous recessive - bb
• Heterozygote – two different alleles for a character (Bb)
• Genotype – genetic makeup• Phenotype – appearance of an organism
Law of Segregation - the two alleles for each character segregate during gamete
production
2
Law of Independent Assortment – Each set of alleles segregates independently
Test cross – designed to reveal the genotype of an organism
Mendelian Inheritance and Rules of Probability
• Rule of Multiplication
• Rule of Addition
Incomplete Dominance Codominance
3
Multiple Alleles Pleiotropy
EpistasisEpistasisPolygenetic Inheritance
Technology
And
Genetic testing
Carrier
Recognition
1
Mendelian GeneticsAn Overview
Vocabulary• Character –heritable feature• Trait – each variant for a character• True-breeding – plants that self-pollinate all
offspring are the same variety• Monohybrid cross – a cross that tracks the
inheritance of a single character• P generation – (parental) true-breeding• F1- (first filial) offspring of P generation• F2 – (second filial) offspring from F1 cross
Vocabulary (continued)• Allele- alternate version of a gene• Dominate allele – expressed in the heterozygote• Recessive allele – not expressed in the heterozygote• Homozygote – pair of identical alleles for a
character– Homozygous dominant- BB– Homozygous recessive - bb
• Heterozygote – two different alleles for a character (Bb)
• Genotype – genetic makeup• Phenotype – appearance of an organism
Law of Segregation - the two alleles for each character segregate during gamete
production
2
Law of Independent Assortment – Each set of alleles segregates independently
Test cross – designed to reveal the genotype of an organism
Mendelian Inheritance and Rules of Probability
• Rule of Multiplication
• Rule of Addition
Incomplete Dominance Codominance
3
Multiple Alleles Pleiotropy
EpistasisEpistasisPolygenetic Inheritance
Technology
And
Genetic testing
Carrier
Recognition
1
Mendelian GeneticsAn Overview
Vocabulary• Character –heritable feature• Trait – each variant for a character• True-breeding – plants that self-pollinate all
offspring are the same variety• Monohybrid cross – a cross that tracks the
inheritance of a single character• P generation – (parental) true-breeding• F1- (first filial) offspring of P generation• F2 – (second filial) offspring from F1 cross
Vocabulary (continued)• Allele- alternate version of a gene• Dominate allele – expressed in the heterozygote• Recessive allele – not expressed in the heterozygote• Homozygote – pair of identical alleles for a
character– Homozygous dominant- BB– Homozygous recessive - bb
• Heterozygote – two different alleles for a character (Bb)
• Genotype – genetic makeup• Phenotype – appearance of an organism
Law of Segregation - the two alleles for each character segregate during gamete
production
2
Law of Independent Assortment – Each set of alleles segregates independently
Test cross – designed to reveal the genotype of an organism
Mendelian Inheritance and Rules of Probability
• Rule of Multiplication
• Rule of Addition
Incomplete Dominance Codominance
3
Multiple Alleles Pleiotropy
EpistasisEpistasisPolygenetic Inheritance
Technology
And
Genetic testing
Carrier
Recognition
1
Mendelian GeneticsAn Overview
Vocabulary• Character –heritable feature• Trait – each variant for a character• True-breeding – plants that self-pollinate all
offspring are the same variety• Monohybrid cross – a cross that tracks the
inheritance of a single character• P generation – (parental) true-breeding• F1- (first filial) offspring of P generation• F2 – (second filial) offspring from F1 cross
Vocabulary (continued)• Allele- alternate version of a gene• Dominate allele – expressed in the heterozygote• Recessive allele – not expressed in the heterozygote• Homozygote – pair of identical alleles for a
character– Homozygous dominant- BB– Homozygous recessive - bb
• Heterozygote – two different alleles for a character (Bb)
• Genotype – genetic makeup• Phenotype – appearance of an organism
Law of Segregation - the two alleles for each character segregate during gamete
production
2
Law of Independent Assortment – Each set of alleles segregates independently
Test cross – designed to reveal the genotype of an organism
Mendelian Inheritance and Rules of Probability
• Rule of Multiplication
• Rule of Addition
Incomplete Dominance Codominance
3
Multiple Alleles Pleiotropy
EpistasisEpistasisPolygenetic Inheritance
Technology
And
Genetic testing
Carrier
Recognition
1
Mendelian GeneticsAn Overview
Vocabulary• Character –heritable feature• Trait – each variant for a character• True-breeding – plants that self-pollinate all
offspring are the same variety• Monohybrid cross – a cross that tracks the
inheritance of a single character• P generation – (parental) true-breeding• F1- (first filial) offspring of P generation• F2 – (second filial) offspring from F1 cross
Vocabulary (continued)• Allele- alternate version of a gene• Dominate allele – expressed in the heterozygote• Recessive allele – not expressed in the heterozygote• Homozygote – pair of identical alleles for a
character– Homozygous dominant- BB– Homozygous recessive - bb
• Heterozygote – two different alleles for a character (Bb)
• Genotype – genetic makeup• Phenotype – appearance of an organism
Law of Segregation - the two alleles for each character segregate during gamete
production
2
Law of Independent Assortment – Each set of alleles segregates independently
Test cross – designed to reveal the genotype of an organism
Mendelian Inheritance and Rules of Probability
• Rule of Multiplication
• Rule of Addition
Incomplete Dominance Codominance
3
Multiple Alleles Pleiotropy
EpistasisEpistasisPolygenetic Inheritance
Technology
And
Genetic testing
Carrier
Recognition
1
Mendelian GeneticsAn Overview
Vocabulary• Character –heritable feature• Trait – each variant for a character• True-breeding – plants that self-pollinate all
offspring are the same variety• Monohybrid cross – a cross that tracks the
inheritance of a single character• P generation – (parental) true-breeding• F1- (first filial) offspring of P generation• F2 – (second filial) offspring from F1 cross
Vocabulary (continued)• Allele- alternate version of a gene• Dominate allele – expressed in the heterozygote• Recessive allele – not expressed in the heterozygote• Homozygote – pair of identical alleles for a
character– Homozygous dominant- BB– Homozygous recessive - bb
• Heterozygote – two different alleles for a character (Bb)
• Genotype – genetic makeup• Phenotype – appearance of an organism
Law of Segregation - the two alleles for each character segregate during gamete
production
2
Law of Independent Assortment – Each set of alleles segregates independently
Test cross – designed to reveal the genotype of an organism
Mendelian Inheritance and Rules of Probability
• Rule of Multiplication
• Rule of Addition
Incomplete Dominance Codominance
3
Multiple Alleles Pleiotropy
EpistasisEpistasisPolygenetic Inheritance
Technology
And
Genetic testing
Carrier
Recognition
1
Mendelian GeneticsAn Overview
Vocabulary• Character –heritable feature• Trait – each variant for a character• True-breeding – plants that self-pollinate all
offspring are the same variety• Monohybrid cross – a cross that tracks the
inheritance of a single character• P generation – (parental) true-breeding• F1- (first filial) offspring of P generation• F2 – (second filial) offspring from F1 cross
Vocabulary (continued)• Allele- alternate version of a gene• Dominate allele – expressed in the heterozygote• Recessive allele – not expressed in the heterozygote• Homozygote – pair of identical alleles for a
character– Homozygous dominant- BB– Homozygous recessive - bb
• Heterozygote – two different alleles for a character (Bb)
• Genotype – genetic makeup• Phenotype – appearance of an organism
Law of Segregation - the two alleles for each character segregate during gamete
production
2
Law of Independent Assortment – Each set of alleles segregates independently
Test cross – designed to reveal the genotype of an organism
Mendelian Inheritance and Rules of Probability
• Rule of Multiplication
• Rule of Addition
Incomplete Dominance Codominance
3
Multiple Alleles Pleiotropy
EpistasisEpistasisPolygenetic Inheritance
Technology
And
Genetic testing
Carrier
Recognition