5.1

7.6

4.4

3.5

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Married Cohabiting Lone Parent - Alw ays Single Lone Parent - Widow ed Divorced Separated

% of

Chil

dren

with

the D

isord

er

Emotional Disorders

Mental Health Emotional Disorders, UK Children

Source Off Nat Stats UK 1999

In Britain, a Child Whose Biological Mother Cohabits was 33 Times More Likely to Suffer

Serious Abuse than a Child with Married Parents

5

Biological Parents Married

Mother Married to Stepfather

Biological Mother Alone

Biological Parents

Cohabiting

Source: Robert Whelan, Broken Homes and Broken Children, 1994.

Family Structure

Biological Father Alone

Biological Mother

Cohabiting

10

15

20

25

30

35Comparative Risk Ratios for Serious Abuse, 1982-1988

In Britain, a Child Whose Biological Mother Cohabits was 73 Times More Likely to Suffer Fatal Abuse than a Child with Married Parents

5

Biological Parents Married

Mother Married to Stepfather

Biological Mother Alone

Biological Parents

Cohabiting

Source: Robert Whelan, Broken Homes and Broken Children, 1994.

Family Structure

Biological Father Alone

Biological Mother

Cohabiting

10

15

20

25

30

35Comparative Risk Ratios for Serious Abuse, 1982-1988

U.S: Partner / Spouse Violence Against Mothers Over 20 With Children under 12

Source DOJ Nat Crime Victimization Survey 1999

46

15

33

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Married Widowed Married+Div+SepCombined

Never Married

Ra

te P

er

1,0

00

Source: C. Harper and S. McLanahan, “Father Absence and Youth Incarceration,” ASA Annual Meeting, San Francisco, August 1998. Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth.

Family Structure: Comparative Rates Family Structure: Comparative Rates Of Youth IncarcerationOf Youth Incarceration

1

2.07

2.71

3.7

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

Raised in Intact Married ParentFamily

Raised in Mother-Only Family Raised in a Mother andStepfather Family

Raised in a Stepmother Family

Co

mp

arat

ive

Rat

es o

f In

carc

erat

ion

Adolescent Cocaine Use By Family Structure Source Add Health Wave II 1996

Juvenile Incarceration by Family Structure Juvenile Incarceration by Family Structure Source: Wiscosin Dept HSS and CPS 1993Source: Wiscosin Dept HSS and CPS 1993

Good Law and OrderGood Law and Order

Diminished Law and OrderDiminished Law and Order

EducationEducation

Grade Point AverageGrade Point Average

2.5

Intact Married Parents

Cohabiting Parents

Step Parents

Source: National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health Wave 1, 1995

Family Structure

Always Single Parents

Divorced Parents

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

3.0

3.1Grade Point Average (Out of Maximum of 4.0)

2.4

School Expulsion Source Add Health Wave II 1996

Educational AttainmentEducational AttainmentIdealIdeal

Educational AttainmentEducational Attainment

Sexuality and MarriageSexuality and Marriage

Number of Non-Marital Sexual Partners Versus Percent in a Stable Marriage

Source: NSFG 1995

Age of First Intercourse Versus Number of Sexual Partners

Source: NSFG 1995

166%

119%109%

53%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

140%

160%

180%

sex & cohabit w husband &another

sex w husband & another;cohabited only with husband

no cohabit but sex w husband& another

sex with husband & another;cohabited only w another not w

husband

Incr

ease

d Pr

obab

ility

of D

ivor

ce

Non-Monogamy & Increased DivorceSource: Teachman, J of Mrr and Fam May 2003, Vol 65, pp. 444-455

41.2%

25.8%

14.6%

6.3%

3.3%

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

25.0%

30.0%

35.0%

40.0%

45.0%

Intact Step Cohabit Divorced Single

% R

atin

g Da

d W

arm

and

Lov

ing

Father Rated Warm and Loving Source: National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health Wave 2, 1996

Teen Feels Dad Cares Versus Virginity Rates

Source: NLS Ad Health; Robert Lerner, Ph.D. The Heritage Foundation

78%75%

59% 58% 55% 55%50%

42%

29%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

% V

irgin

s

Virginity By Family StructureSource: Add Health, 1996

US Family Structure for Adolescents 14-18US Family Structure for Adolescents 14-18Source: Survey of Consumer Finance 2000Source: Survey of Consumer Finance 2000

First Marriage / Intact Two-Parent Family, 42%

Second Marriage / Two-Parent Step Family, 22%

Cohabiting Couple, 6%

Single Parent, Divorced, or Separated, 21%

Single Parent Never Married, 6%

Single Parent,Widowed, 3%

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

1950

1955

1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

199819

9920

00

Divorce

OWB

ABORTION

Annual Rejection Ratio: For Every 100 ChildrenSources: CDC/ NCHS report series

Annual Rejection Ratio: For Every 100 ChildrenSources: CDC/ NCHS report series

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

1950

1955

1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

199819

9920

00

Divorce

OWB

International Rejection Ratio

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Taiwan

Taiwan

China

China

Mac

edon

ia

Mac

edon

ia

Croati

a

Croati

a

Japa

nJa

pan

New Z

ealan

d

New Z

ealan

d

Serbia

and M

onten

egro

Serbia

and M

onten

egro

Switzerl

and

Switzerl

and

Slova

kia

Slova

kia

Portu

gal

Portu

gal

Netherl

ands

Netherl

ands

Georg

ia

Georg

ia

Lithua

nia

Lithua

nia

Slove

nia

Slove

nia

Czech

Rep

ublic

Czech

Rep

ublic

Canad

a

Canad

a

United

Stat

es

United

Stat

es

Finlan

d

Finlan

d

France

France

New C

alced

onia

New C

alced

onia

Denmark

Denmark

Sweden

Sweden

El Salv

ador

El Salv

ador

Urugu

ay

Urugu

ay

Jamaic

a

Jamaic

a

USA