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Methane Mining
Justin Anderson
ChE 562
November 3, 2004
Overview
Background
Why Coal Bed Methane
Extraction
Output
Design Considerations
Summary
Methane
Main constituent of natural gas
Colorless
Odorless
Less dense than air
Coal Bed Methane
Found in coal seamsAbsorbed on internal surface of coal
6 to 7% more than in natural gas reservoirs
Produced as coal releases hydrogen
Contained by surrounding water
Why Coal Bed Methane
High demand for natural gas Must be ventilated Ease of recovery
Relatively close to surface Locations are known
Massive quantity 141 trillion ft3 recoverable in 1999 >700 trillion ft3 with advances in technology
Extraction
Pilot Wells Determination of:
Coal thickness Methane content Coal permeability
Planning Maximization of:
Production Field life Profitability
Output
Dependent on: Thickness Lateral continuity Permeability
Fracturing Cleats
Depth of burial Barriers
Impermeable layers Faults Folds
Generalized map of potential and current methane coal bed mines. Wasatch Plateau and San Juan Basin are 2 areas of current study.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
http://energy.cr.usgs.gov/oilgas/cbmethane/index.htm
Typical CMM Degasification Systems
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
http://www.epa.gov/coalbed/overview.html
Specific Degasification Systems
Vertical Well
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
http://www.cmpdi.co.in/cbm/CBM%20papers/ Methane%20Reduction%20Options/red001.pdf
Specific Degasification Systems
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Gob Well
http://www.cmpdi.co.in/cbm/CBM%20papers/ Methane%20Reduction%20Options/red001.pdf
Specific Degasification Systems
Horizontal Borehole
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
http://www.cmpdi.co.in/cbm/CBM%20papers/ Methane%20Reduction%20Options/red001.pdf
Coal Bed Drainage Costs
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Coal Bed Drainage Costs
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Implementation Model
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Implementation Model
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Alternative Uses
Co-firing in boilers District heating Coal drying Vehicle fuel Carbon black feedstock Methanol production Dimethyl ether production
Concerns
EnvironmentalDisposal of barrier water
High TDS/L Pump back in Evaporation ponds Freezing
ExplosivenessRemoval beneficial to coal miners
Summary of Benefits
Reduced ventilationWorker safetyEmissions
Local utilizationHeating and drying
Increased profitsHigh quality methane
References
http://www.epa.gov
http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/a/n/ans151/coalbed.html
http://energy.cr.usgs.gov
http://www.gswindell.com
http://www.cmpdi.co.in/cbm/CBM%20papers/ Methane%20Reduction%20Options/red001.pdf