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Microcutting of Hevea Rubber
Genotype 78 and 91
NURHAIMI-HARIS (IBRIEC)
SUMARYONO (IBRIEC)
SISWANTO (IBRIEC)
SUMARMADJI (IRRI)
M.P. CARRON (CIRAD)
Presented at IRC, Sanya, Hainan, PRC, 18 October 2010
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Planting material
Rubber planting materials :• Important factor• In Indonesia need in large number (± 60 millions/year)
for 5% replanting & new planting)• Mass propagation, high quality
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Introduced by van Helten (1917)
Rubber planting materials
1918 - now
Clone from budding
Rootstock
From seed
Scion
From breeding & selection
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Rootstocks
Always needed for budding and propagation
of rubber scion clones
Rootstocks (root system function):
• Support the upper part (scion)
• Absorb nutrients and water from the soil
• Interact with soil microbes, some of which pathogen
Rootstocks are important part
of rubber planting material
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Seed problems :
• Recalsitran, could not keep for a long time• Recommended seed as rootstocks were very
limited, only seed from AVROS 2037, GT1, PB 260, RRIC 100
• These clones are limited in the field • Seeds production reduce from time to time • Seeds season one a year
The availability of seeds not enough
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Microcutting gives an opportunity
to produce rubber clonal rootstocks
What is Microcutting ?
“…. can be defined as micropropagation process
which utilizes tissue culture-based technology to
propagate plants by using axillary buds as
explants …..”
New hope
Selection of rootstocks could be done
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Starting material for
microcutting
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Microcutting of rubber plant
Explant: axillary bud New shoots Multiplication
Plantlet Acclimatization Vitroplant
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Rubber
clonal rootstocks
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Genotype selection as rootstocks candidate
Genotype population
at Sungei Putih, IRRI (2005) Selected genotype Genotype duplication
Duplicate genotype
at IBRIEC, Bogor (2006)Duplicate genotype
at CIRAD, Montpellier (2006)
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Genotypes multiplication
Mean multiplication rate at the 3rd (2nd or 1st) subculture
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
2 3 4 5 6 7 910
11
12
13
14
15
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
46
47
49
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
60
61
62
63
66
67
68
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
83
85
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
97
98
10
genotypes
mu
ltip
lic
ati
on
ra
te
General
mean
value
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Best 10 genotypes
Genotype Genotype
5 54
7 58
15 63
26 78
43 91
Genotypes multiplication
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Genotypes multiplication
Increasing of explant during microcutting process of 10
rubber genotypes (2007-2009)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
5 7 15 26 43 54 58 63 78 91
Genotype
Incre
ase o
f exp
lan
t (x
)
Initial explant Explant increase (x)
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Genotypes multiplication
Genotype Initial
explants
(2007)
Number of
explants
(2009)
Plantlets
release
(until 2009)
78 463 6315 2147
91 273 6703 2084
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Genotypes multiplication
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Rubber plantlets produced
Year Plantlets
2007 649
2008 4799
2009 3367
2010 (Sept) 2000
Total 10815
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Acclimatization of
Genotype 78 and 91
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2008 2009 2010
Su
rviv
al ra
te (
%)
Year
Genotype 78
1.5 m
3 m
The survival rate of rubber plantlets genotype 78 from all experiments conducted in
2008, 2009 and 2010.
Acclimatization
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2008 2009 2010
Su
rviv
al ra
te (
%)
Year
Genotype 91
1.5 m
3 m
The survival rate of rubber plantlets genotype 91 from all experiments conducted in
2008, 2009 and 2010.
Acclimatization
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0
2
4
6
8
0 1,5 3 6
Pla
nt
he
igh
t (c
m)
After acclimatized (month)
Genotype 78
Genotype 91
The growth curve of plantlet height of rubber plantlets genotype 78 and 91
Acclimatization
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Rubber plantlets genotype 78 and 91 at different acclimatization stages (left) and
as rootstocks budded with scions of recommended clones (right).
Rubber vitroplant
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(A) Rubber vitroplants planted in the field for rootstocks, (B). Vitroplant roostocks
were budded with five recommended clones as scions, (C). The bud was inserted
into the rootstocks and wrapped with plastic.
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Rootstocks of vitroplant genotype 78 budded with scions of BPM 24 (left) and
genotype 91 budded with IRR 118 (right).
Vitroplants as a rootstock
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Research developments at IBRIEC
• Plantlets could be produced continuously
Rubber plantlets
Sending of plantlet for acclimatization process
• As a research laboratory,produced: 500 planlets/month
• At the end of 2008, PT Perkebunan Nusantara III
(Medan), involved at this activities. The laboratory
started to produce rubber plantlets on September 2009
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Conclusion
• Rubber clonal rootstocks could be produced
through microcutting technique
• It open the way to select superior rootstocks and
propagate them clonally
• Opportunity to reach the potential production of
scion clone
• Currently in Indonesia, this innovation technology
adopt by PT Perkebunan Nusantara III (estate
company belong to the government)
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Microcutting team
NurhaimiCarron Sumaryono IrfanSiswanto
Nani GunawanYadiNitaAldiTatiNurul
