MicroLogix Packaged Controllers

Programmable Controller BasicsMemory & Data

We are going to discuss...We are going to discuss...

1. Memory

2. Data

3. Data Files

MicroLogix 1000MEMORY

PROGRAMFILES 0

12

34

56 - 15

System

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DATAFILES

01

23

45

67

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Inp

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Tim

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Co

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Co

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Integ

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ML 1000 Memory OrganizationML 1000 Memory Organization

MicroLogix 1000 only

MicroLogix 1000MEMORY

DATAFILES 0

12

34

56

7

Ou

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t File

Inp

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tatus F

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Tim

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Co

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Co

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Integ

er Files

ML 1000 Memory OrganizationML 1000 Memory Organization

MicroLogix 1000 only

Memory & DataMemory & Data

• MEMORY– Bit = 1or 0– Nibble = 4 bits– Byte = 2 nibbles– Word(16 bits) 2 bytes– Double Word= 2 words

• 32 bits

– Long Word=2 Double words• 64 bits

• DATA– Octal 0-7– BCD 0-9– HEX 0-F (15)– Integer (signed) -32768 to

+32767– Unsigned Integer 65,535

(32767 + 32767)– Floating Point

• IEEE +/- 3.45x1038 to +/-1.17x10-38

Underlined text for MicroLogix 1000 only

Integer Data : Signed INTEGER between -32,768 & 32,767

0000 0000 0000 000015 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Word =16 bits :

0000 0000 0000 000015 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

ASCII Data :

0000 0000 0000 000015 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

BCD Data :

0000 0000 0000 000015 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

HEX Data :

Data StructureData Structure

ASCII

HEX DEC ASCII

HEX DEC ASCII

HEX DEC

NUL 00 0 SUB 1A 26 4 34 53SOH 01 1 ESC 1B 27 5 35 54STX 02 2 FS 1C 28 6 36 55ETX 03 3 GS 1D 29 7 37 56EOT 04 4 RS 1E 30 8 38 57ENQ 05 5 US 1F 31 9 39 58ACK 06 6 SP 20 32 : 3A 59BEL 07 7 ! 21 33 ; 3B 60BS 08 8 “ 22 34 < 3C 61HT 09 9 # 23 35 = 3D 62LF 0A 10 $ 24 36 > 3E 63VT 0B 11 % 25 37 ? 3F 64FF 0C 12 & 26 38 @ 40 65CR 0D 13 ‘ 27 39 A 41 66SO 0E 14 ( 28 40 B 42 67SI 0F 15 ) 29 41 C 43 68

DLE 10 16 * 2A 42 D 44 69DC1 11 17 + 2B 43 E 45 70DC2 12 18 ‘ 2C 44DC3 13 19 - 2D 45 a 61 97DC4 14 20 . 2E 46 b 62 98NAK 15 21 / 2F 47 c 63 99SYN 16 22 0 30 48ETB 17 23 1 31 49 ~ 7E 126CAN 18 24 2 32 50 DEL 7F 127EM 19 25 3 33 51

ASCII TABLEASCII TABLE

O0:0/0

File Type

File Number

Bit Number(0-5,11)0

Outputs

File contains

6 or 12 Outputs

11 5 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Word 0

15

16

0

Word 0

I1:0/0

File Type

File Number

Input Number(0-9,19)

1Inputs

File contains

10 or 20 Inputs

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

File #0

File #1

Inputs & OutputsInputs & Outputs

Word 1

19

9

Status FileStatus File

• File #2– General purpose file that consists of 32 registers (words). These

registers are mixed in “word” and “bit” formats depending on the function they represent. The Status file is primarily used for:

• Setting system operating features,• Displaying system status and faults

– Programming aids consisting of:• Timebase bits• Math overflow flags• Index registers• Subroutine control

B/16

(RSLogix,APS)

OR

(HHP)

B3:1/00000 0000 0000 000015 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Word 0:

Word 1: 0000 0000 0000 000015 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 031 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16

0000 0000 0000 000015 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Word 2:

47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32

15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

0000 0000 0000 000015 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Word 31:

511 496

Bit FileBit File

• File #3 (32 registers or words)

| |I:0.0

0

TimersTimers

• Timer Operation– The timer times as long as its rung is TRUE. When the timer times

up to a specified value, it alerts the rest of the program by setting a bit. When the rung becomes FALSE, the timer stops timing and resets itself to zero.

T4:0

File Type

File Number

Timer Number(0-39)

4Timers

File contains

40 timers

TimersTimers• File #4

– 40 Timers (MicroLogix 1000 only)– TON, TOF, and RTO

• Timer On Delay• Timer Off Delay• Retentive Timer On

– .01 and 1 second time base

Preset T4:0.PRE How long the timer should time for.

Accumulated T4:0.ACC How long the timer has timed for already.

Done T4:0/DN Set to “1” when accumulated value > preset value.

Timer Timing T4:0/TT Set to “1” when accumulated value < preset value.

Enable T4:0/EN Set to “1” when the rung containing the timer is true.

T4:0

File Type

File Number

Timer Number(0-39)

4Timers

File contains

40 timers Preset Value

Accumulated Value

15 14 13

EN TT DNWord 0

Word 1

Word 2

TimersTimers

TIMER ON DELAYTimer T4:0Time Base 1.0Preset 10Accum 0

TON

Stop Start Motor

]/[ ] [

] [

( )I:0/0I:0/1

M1O:0/3

O:0/3

] [

M1O:0/3

]/[T4:0/DN

(EN)

(DN)

Timer Done

TimersTimers

• The Timer’s “done bit” turns the motor off after a 10 second time delay

| |I:0.0

0

CountersCounters

• Counter Operation– The counter counts (by one) every time its rung goes from FALSE

to TRUE. When a specified number of counts has been reached, the counter alerts the rest of the program by setting a bit. The program must reset the counter to start counting from zero again.

C5:0

File Type

File Number

Counter Number(0-31)

5Counters

File contains

32 counters

CountersCounters

• File #5– 32 Counters (MicroLogix 1000 only)– Up, Down, Up/Down

Preset C5:0.PRE How many the counter should count up to

Accumulated C5:0.ACC How many the counter has counted already.

Done C5:0/DN Set to “1” when accumulated value > preset value.

Count Up C5:0/CU Set to “1” when state of CTU rung are true.

Count Down C5:0/CD Set to “1” when state of CTD rung are true.

Over/Underflow C5:0/OV,UN Set to “1” when counter counts past 32,767 or -32,768.

C5:0

File Type

File Number

Counter Number(0-31)

5Counters

File contains

32 counters

Preset Value

Accumulated Value

15 14 13

CU CD DN OV UN

12 11

Word 0

Word 1

Word 2

CountersCounters

Count UpCounter C5:0Preset 10Accum 0

CTU

Stop Motor

]/[

] [

( )

Start

] [I:0/0I:0/1

M1O:0/3

O:0/3

] [

M1O:0/3

]/[C5:0/DN

(CU)

(DN)

Counter Done

Reset

] [I:0/4

(RES)C5:0

CountersCounters

• The Counters “done bit” stops the motor from running, after 10 operations.

ControlControl

• File #6– Used for higher level application specific commands.

• FIFO/LIFO Stacks• Sequencers• Bit Shifts etc..

– Required to allow the PLC to “manage/control” the application instruction.

– 16 Registers (words) in MicroLogix 1000

Length R6:0.LEN Length of control file

Position R6:0.POS Position in control file

Enable R6:0/EN Set to “1” when state of Control rung are true.

Unload Enable R6:0/EU See FFU and LFU

Done R6:0/DN See Instruction type

Stack Empty R6:0/EM Set to “1” when stack is empty.

Error R6:0/ER Set to “1” when error encountered .

Unload R6:0/UL Stores status of bit unloaded (Bit shift only)

Inhibit R6:0/IN See Instruction Type

Found R6:0/FD See Sequencer compare instruction (SQC)

R6:0

File Type

File Number

Control Number(0-15)

6Control

File contains

16 controls

Length Value

Position Value

Word 0

Word 1

Word 2

EN EU DN EM ER UL IN FD Error Code

ControlControl

IntegerInteger

• File #7– General purpose data registers (words)– Primarily used for:

• Comparison instructions• Math instructions• Sequencers• FIFO and LIFO stacks

– 105 Registers (words) in MicroLogix 1000