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comfort - fresh air - affordabilitymini-B Passive House
SEATTLE CENTRAL COMMUNITY COLLEGE:
Frank Mestemacher - Carpentry Instructor
Carol Volpe – SCCC Curriculum Developer
Robert Natoli – SCCC BIT Instructor
Joel Bosshardt – SCCC BIT-WCC Liaison
Darlene Moore - SCCC student
VeraEve Giampietro – WCC & Graphics Support
INDUSTRY AND TRADE SPONSORS:
Tom Schneider - BEI Wet-Flash, Prosoco
Kevin Nolan - Vapro-Shield
Pat Nolan - Greenwood-Phinney Electric
Mike Fletcher - Georgia-Pacific DAP
Joe Beedy – Acrylitex Smooth Wall
Don Olsen & Eric Palmer
Painting Decorating & Drywall JATC
Mark Maher – Cement Masons & Plasters
Jim Charest – W. Washington Masonry Trades
Greg Hartman Illustrations
SUPER EFFICIENT SMALL DWELLING
Joseph Giampietro Architect & CPHC
www.miniBPassiveHouse.com
Outline
1. Design Concept – Why a PH – DADU?
2. Passive House Challenges
3. Construction Process
4. Tested Results / Projected Energy Use
5. Lessons Learned – What works, or not
6. What next?
1. Design Concept Drawings
COMFORTTemperature -- Radiation – Air Movement
FRESH AIRClean – Filtered – Draft Free
AFFORDABILITYFirst Cost – Life Cycle Cost -- Sustainable
Demonstrating Simple & Affordable Passive House(living in a warmer climate zone)
Design Intent of Interior
Bed Loft - Kitchenette - ¾ Bath - 12 x 16 Living Area
Passive House Standard1. Heat Loss Demand = 4.75 kBTU/sf-yr 4. Thermal Bridge Free Construction
(calculate negative & positive bridges)
“HEAT WITH A HAIR DRYER”
2. Primary Energy = 38.00 kBTU/sf-yr 5. Triple-Pane Glazing (recommended)
3. AIR TIGHT 6. HRV/ERV Efficiency = 75%+
Blower Door Test = 0.60 ACH50 (Heat/Energy Recovery Ventilation)
2. PH Challenges
1. Envelope to Floor Area Ratio of 5.7:1 = High Heat Loss
2. Lots of penetrations relative to Floor Area = More Infiltration
3. Primary Energy Use – all the functions of a larger home
Maxing Out the Options
1. Windows focused on south elevation – 43% of floor area
2. Thermal mass in concrete topping slab & 5/8 in GWB
3. Summer Shading to limit overheating
4. Evaluate Thermal Bridges of Intersections
5. Solar Hot Water Evacuated Tubes for Domestic Hot Water
6. No dishwasher – No Washer – No Dryer
Thermal Bridge Inputs
Group # Qty
User
Deter-
mined
Length
[ft]
Subtrac-
tion
User-
Determin
ed
Length
[ft]
Length l
[ft]
Input of
Thermal
Bridge
Heat Loss
Coefficient
Y
[BTU/(hr.
ft.F)]
190deg wall
corner exterior21 4 7.40 29.60
90deg wall corner exterior
-0.050
2Roof Eave at
Wall21 1 38.00 38.00
Roof Eave at Wall-0.011
3Roof at Gable
End21 4 8.00 32.00
Roof at Gable End-0.050
4 Roof at Ridge 21 1 31.00 31.00 Roof at Ridge -0.026
5Perimeter at
Ground22 2 36.00 72.00
Perimeter at Ground-0.033
6
7
8
Therm Results for 2D Assembly Therm Results for Combined 1D Assemblies Resulting Psi
2D model 1D model A 1D model B Psi
U L dT ULdT error U L dT ULdT error U L dT ULdT error PsidT dT Psi
(Btu/h-f2F) (f) (F) (Btu/h-f) (%) (Btu/h-f2F) (f) (F) (Btu/h-f) (%) (Btu/h-f2F) (f) (F) (Btu/h-f) (%) (Btu/h-f) (K) (Btu/h-f-F)
90 degree corner at Mini-B 0.0202 5.75 36 4.1814 3.81 0.0208 4 36 2.9952 0.8 0.0208 4 36 2.9952 0 -1.809 36 -0.05025
Ridge of Roof 0.0232 6.089 36 5.085533 5.34 0.0193 4.348 36 3.0209904 2.04 0.0193 4.348 36 3.02099 2.04 -0.95645 36 -0.02657
Eave at Roof/Wall 0.0222 6.946 36 5.551243 3.31 0.0205 4 36 2.952 0.1 0.0208 4 36 2.9952 0.84 -0.39596 36 -0.011
Perimeter at Ground 0.0168 6.896 36 4.170701 9.9 0.0205 5.896 36 4.351248 0.61 0.0146 3.875 18 1.01835 4.76 -1.1989 36 -0.0333
6 in wall glazing
Light Shelf above Door 0.0481 6.156 36 10.65973 8.15 0.0189 0.5625 36 0.382725 na 0.11 1.519 36 6.01524 na -0.17092 36 -0.00475
and big windows 0.3 0.333 36 3.5964 na 0.023 1.01 36 0.83628 can be ignored
wind frame spacer
Thermal
Bridges
Floor Portion of Perimeter Condition
Wall Portion of Perimeter Condition
Two D Therm Analysis – 0.033 BTU/hr.ft.F
Temperature Gradient at Perimeter
Wall Corner – 1 D Therm Result
Wall Corner – 2 D Result – 0.050 BTU/hr.ft.F
Wall Corner – Temperature Gradient
Wall Corner – Energy Flow – 0.050 BTU/hr.ft.F
Wall/Roof – Energy Flow – 0.011 BTU/hr.ft.F
Roof Ridge – Energy Flow – 0.026 BTU/hr.ft.F
Roof Ridge – Temperature Gradient
Light Shelf – 2D Analysis +0.00475 BTU/hr.sf.F
Thermal Bridge Inputs
Group # Qty
User
Deter-
mined
Length
[ft]
Subtrac-
tion
User-
Determin
ed
Length
[ft]
Length l
[ft]
Input of
Thermal
Bridge
Heat Loss
Coefficient
Y
[BTU/(hr.
ft.F)]
190deg wall
corner exterior21 4 7.40 29.60
90deg wall corner exterior
-0.050
2Roof Eave at
Wall21 1 38.00 38.00
Roof Eave at Wall-0.011
3Roof at Gable
End21 4 8.00 32.00
Roof at Gable End-0.050
4 Roof at Ridge 21 1 31.00 31.00 Roof at Ridge -0.026
5Perimeter at
Ground22 2 36.00 72.00
Perimeter at Ground-0.033
6
7
8
Therm Results for 2D Assembly Therm Results for Combined 1D Assemblies Resulting Psi
2D model 1D model A 1D model B Psi
U L dT ULdT error U L dT ULdT error U L dT ULdT error PsidT dT Psi
(Btu/h-f2F) (f) (F) (Btu/h-f) (%) (Btu/h-f2F) (f) (F) (Btu/h-f) (%) (Btu/h-f2F) (f) (F) (Btu/h-f) (%) (Btu/h-f) (K) (Btu/h-f-F)
90 degree corner at Mini-B 0.0202 5.75 36 4.1814 3.81 0.0208 4 36 2.9952 0.8 0.0208 4 36 2.9952 0 -1.809 36 -0.05025
Ridge of Roof 0.0232 6.089 36 5.085533 5.34 0.0193 4.348 36 3.0209904 2.04 0.0193 4.348 36 3.02099 2.04 -0.95645 36 -0.02657
Eave at Roof/Wall 0.0222 6.946 36 5.551243 3.31 0.0205 4 36 2.952 0.1 0.0208 4 36 2.9952 0.84 -0.39596 36 -0.011
Perimeter at Ground 0.0168 6.896 36 4.170701 9.9 0.0205 5.896 36 4.351248 0.61 0.0146 3.875 18 1.01835 4.76 -1.1989 36 -0.0333
6 in wall glazing
Light Shelf above Door 0.0481 6.156 36 10.65973 8.15 0.0189 0.5625 36 0.382725 na 0.11 1.519 36 6.01524 na -0.17092 36 -0.00475
and big windows 0.3 0.333 36 3.5964 na 0.023 1.01 36 0.83628 can be ignored
wind frame spacer
Thermal
Bridges
3. Construction Team
WCC - Seattle Central
Community College
Frank Mestemacher
Carpentry InstructorSouth Seattle Community College
Georgetown Campus
In Association with the SCCC
Business Information Technology
Department – Robert Natoli
Instructor
BEI Training for R-Guard Installation
BEI Joint/Seam Filler at window joint
Cat-5 Wall Treatment at Window
Cat-5 Wall Treatment at North Wall
Floor Framing in place
Walls up – ready for Roof
BEI - Prosoco - EnvelopeAir Tight Layer – 0.60ACH50Will STUDENTS pass the test?
R-Guard / Wet-Flash Products
Fast Flash – window wrap
Joint/Seam Filler – cracks/joints
Cat-5 - Weather Resistive Barrier
Air Dam – window caulking
1 - VAPOR PERMEABLE
2 - SELF - HEALING
3 - AIR BARRIER
Seals pipe & electrical
penetrations
Exterior sheathed & weather sealed
Window Install with Air Dam
EPS continuous exterior insulation
Closing in the “Beer Cooler”
Vapro-Shield over EPS Insulation
“Slope Shield” on the Roof
“Wall Shield” on Walls
Sheds Water
Vapor Permeable
Serious 925 Windows
U-11 Glazing
U-18 Assembly
1x4 Cedar Furring Straps(secured with 12 SIPS screws)
Summer Siding (& Roofing) Crew
Hardie Panel 12-inch Exposure
Over Vented Rain Screen Air Gap
5/4 by 10 Cedar Trim
Champion Standing Seam
Metal Roofing (over 1x4 furring)
Summer crew enjoying the view
Insulation & Drywall Finish
Inside GP paperless drywall completes the Insulation Sandwich = R-53
3.5-inches of Blown-in Fiberglass & 9-inches of EPS foam
Continuous Ext. Insulation
equals
No Thermal Bridging
Paperless Drywall by GP
equalsNo Mold Potential (on GWB)
Plumbing & Electrical in stud walls
With Blown-in-Blankets
w/ Wall Board & floor prepped for concrete topping
Crew ready the Blower Door test
Is the door well sealed?
16 cfm = 0.38 ACH50
4. Design Energy Use / Tested Results
Blower Door Test #1 0.58 ACH50 (at framing stage)
Blower Door Test #2 0.38 ACH50 (finished)
2009 WA Energy Code .Roof R-38Walls R-21Floor R-30Windows U-0.30Airtightness 5.25 ACH50 .Total Heat Demand / Year = 10,320 kBTU
at Seattle City Light rate = $ 240.00
Mini-B Passive House .Roof R-53Walls R-53Floor R-74Windows U-0.18Airtightness 0.60 ACH50 .Total Heat Demand / Year = 1,256 kBTU
at Seattle City Light rate = $ 30.00
COMFORTFRESH AIRLONG TERM AFFORDABILITY
“HEAT WITH A HAIR DRYER”
PHPP Data Points/ResultsSpecific Heat Demand:
(Monthly) kBTU/(sf.yr)As Pre-approved 4.55Re-Submitted 10/9 4.34With tested ACH50 4.09
Freq. of Overheating 4%Aver. Shading Reduc. 50%Spec. Capacity Factor 18
(range is 11-36)
Window Heat Loss 53%Wall Heat Loss 32%Roof Heat Loss 20%Ground Heat Loss 7%Total Heat Loss 112%Neg Thermal Bridges 12%
Transmission Heat Losses 19.98Ventilation Heat Losses 2.91Total Heat Losses 22.89
Avail. Solar Heat Gain 22.30Internal Heat Gain 3.88Free Heat 26.18
Utilization Factor 71%(Monthly)
Net Monthly Heat Demand 4.34
Spec. Energy Demand 37.1Refrigerator 345 kWhr/yrTotal Electricity 634 kWhr/yr
5. Lessons Learned
A. mini-B requires full solar exposure
B. Would build one foot smaller in heightto minimize cost of transport
C. Need a smaller (less expensive) ERV
D. Mineral Wool Fiber vs. EPS
E. Therm analysis made an 11% difference
F. It takes a big effort to go mini
6. Where do we go from here?
Phinney Neighborhood Association – North Seattle!(after 6-months Mini-B will be for sale as a Backyard Cottage)
www.passivehouse.us www.passivehouse.com www.passivehouse-international.orgwww.phnw.org www.minibpassivehouse.com www.passivehouseprojects.wordpress.com
comfort - fresh air - affordabilitymini-B Passive House
SEATTLE CENTRAL COMMUNITY COLLEGE:
Frank Mestemacher - Carpentry Instructor
Carol Volpe – SCCC Curriculum Developer
Robert Natoli – SCCC BIT Instructor
Joel Bosshardt – SCCC BIT-WCC Liaison
Darlene Moore - SCCC student
VeraEve Giampietro – WCC & Graphics Support
INDUSTRY AND TRADE SPONSORS:
Tom Schneider - BEI Wet-Flash, Prosoco
Kevin Nolan - Vapro-Shield
Pat Nolan - Greenwood-Phinney Electric
Mike Fletcher - Georgia-Pacific DAP
Joe Beedy – Acrylitex Smooth Wall
Don Olsen & Eric Palmer
Painting Decorating & Drywall JATC
Mark Maher – Cement Masons & Plasters
Jim Charest – W. Washington Masonry Trades
Robert
Greg Hartman Illustrations
SUPER EFFICIENT SMALL DWELLING
Joseph Giampietro Architect & CPHC
www.miniBPassiveHouse.com