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MiningMining is the process or
industry of obtaining minerals from a mine
Minerals are the valuable substances taken from rocks through the process of mining
MineralsMinerals can be separated into two
categories:
Metallic Minerals: Mineral that yields a metal when processedExamples include Iron, Gold, Uranium &
Silver
Non-Metallic Minerals:Mineral that yields non-metals when
processedExamples include Salt, Potash, Asbestos
Mining in CanadaMining is of great importance to the
Canadian economy ($83 B production)
Forestry and Fishing were $54 and $2 B
Canada ranks 3rd in the world in the production of minerals
Canada ranks 1st in the world in the exporting of minerals (80% exported)
Company Mine Location Date Opened
Minerals Mined
Vale Inco Limited
Thompson Mines T1 &
T3Thompson 1958 Nickel, Copper
Vale Inco Limited
Birchtree Mine Thompson 1968 Nickel, Copper
HudBay Minerals Inc.
Trout Lake Mine Flin Flon 1982 Copper, Zinc
HudBay Minerals Inc. 777 Mine Flin Flon 2000 Copper, Zinc
HudBay Minerals Inc. Chisel North Snow Lake 1998 Copper, Zinc
San Gold Corporation
Rice Lake Gold Mine Bissett 2006 Gold
San Gold Corporation
San Gold #1 Mine Bissett 2006 Gold
Tantalum Mining
Corporation of Canada,
Ltd.
Tanco Mine Lac Du Bonnet 1969
Spodumene, Tantalum, Polucite
Open Pit Mining
Open pit mining is used to extract minerals that are located near the surface but that may extend deep into the earth
The Diavik Diamond Mine
•The Diavik Diamond Mine is located in the
North Slave Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada. This open pit
diamond mine produces 8 million carats or 1,600
kg of diamonds every year.
•The mine is connected by an ice road to Diavik
Airport.
Underground Mines
•Underground mines, such as the ones in both
Thompson and Flin Flon are used when ore bodies are well below the earth’s
surface
•This method has a less visible impact on the
environment, but they are a great risk to human
health
Strip MiningStrip mining is
used to extract minerals (such as coal and oil
sands), that are located in horizontal
layers near the surface
Strip Mining
•The most common method of strip mining
in Canada is strip mining the bitumen in the oil sands of Alberta
•This method leaves an enormous footprint on
the earth’s surface
Issues Facing Canada’s Mining Industry
Use textbook pages 327 – 329.
Read each of the seven bullet-pointed issues on these pages and summarize each of them clearly and concisely in your notes. Use a heading for each issue.
Issues Facing Canada’s Mining Industry
While mines may boost the Canadian economy, they have negative impacts on the environment
Also, Canada’s mining industry can be damaged by events in other countries (such as economic slowdown – resulting in a decline in demand)
Issues Facing Canada’s Mining Industry
Resource Towns:
Short life spans
Usually directly related to financial gain
If the mineral drops in value or becomes too expensive to mine (may be cheaper elsewhere in the world), then mines shut down
Issues Facing Canada’s Mining Industry
New mineral deposits are constantly being discovered in other countries, particularly in developing countries, and are able to sell their products cheaper than the Canadian market
If Canada wants to compete with these markets, they are forced to find ways to reduce production costs (more mechanization, less jobs)