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Mobile Broadband Solutions
Dr. Ravi KalavakuntaDirector, Marketing
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Agenda
• Trends and Evolution
• Mobile Broadband Roadmap– 3GPP2 Roadmap – EVDO Rev A, Rev B, UMB– 3GPP Roadmap – HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+, LTE
• Comparison: 3G Versus WiMAX
• Conclusion
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• Convergence of Communication,Computing & CE Platforms
• Multi-mode Devices Connectto Various Access Networks
–Service Requirements, Availability, Cost …
Mobile Device EvolutionMobile Device Evolution
• User Behaviors Trendfrom Wired to Wireless
• Same Rich IP Apps and Services in all Environments
–Ubiquitous & Consistent Experience Desired
Network EvolutionNetwork Evolution
• All-IP Network For Fixed-MobileConvergence (VoIP & data)
• Co-existence of Different Access Networks for Various Needs
–Coverage, Mobility, Capacity,QoS, Data Rates …
Service EvolutionService Evolution
Wireless Broadband Trends
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Network EvolutionMultiple air interfaces supported with a common allMultiple air interfaces supported with a common all--IP based core networkIP based core network
• Selection of access based on Coverage, Service requirements, Availability, Cost• Full range of devices accessing the same content across different IP networks
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Wireless Evolution:The Right Technology for the Right Application
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 +1999
Wide-Area Multicast Technologies
Local-Area Technologies
EV-DOPlatinum Multicast
EV-DOGOLD
WCDMAMBMS
FLO/DVB-H
CDMA CDMA/TDM OFDM OFDMA
MobileWANTechnologies
802.11 n (Full)802.11n802.11a/g802.11b
LTE
EV-DOREV B
EV-DOREV A
EV-DOREL 0
CDMA20001X
UMB1Rev 0FLASH-OFDM
Rev 1FLASH-OFDM (Pre- UMB)
HSPA +Rel-7 (Ph 1) Rel-8 (Ph 2)Rel-5 (HSDPA)
HSPA Rel-6 (HSUPA)Rel-99
WCDMA
1-UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), previously referred to as Rev C LBC
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3GPP2: A Well Established Mobile Broadband Evolution Path
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 +1999
CDMA CDMA/TDM OFDM OFDMA
1 – UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband) - Previously referred to as Rev C LBC
2 – Peak rates scalable with number of carriers – standard supports up to 15 carriers. Upper range highlights introduction of 64-QAM (1 RF carrier – 4.9 Mbps peak) 3 – Expected rates for 20 MHz, FDD, 4x4 MIMO
4 – 1.25 MHz option also included in the standard
5 – TDD mode is under discussion
DL: 2.4 Mbps peakUL: 153 kbps peak
– All-IP Services– Broadband
downloads
DL: up to 288 Mbps peak3
UL: up to 75 Mbps peak3DL: 5.3 Mbps peakUL: 1.8 Mbps peak
DL: 3.0 Mbps peakUL: 900 kbps peak
DL: 6.2 – 73.5 Mbps peak2
UL: 3.6 – 27 Mbps peak 2DL: 3.1 Mbps peakUL: 1.8 Mbps peak
– Highly optimized OFDMA solution
– 5-20 MHz carrier bandwidth4
– VoIP– FDD & TDD5 Modes– MIMO & SDMA Support
– K=3 frequency re-use– VoIP
– Optimized OFDMA Solution
– All-IP Services
– Broadband uploads– Low Latency– Advanced QoS – VoIP, PTT an d VT– OFDM Multicast
– Multi-Carrier Rev A– Lower delays and higher data rates– Software Upgrade
EV-DOREV B
EV-DOREV A
EV-DOREL 0
CDMA20001X
UMB1Rev 0FLASH-OFDM
Rev 1FLASH-OFDM (Pre- UMB)
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Seamless User Experience
Convergence of Services/Devices• Mobility• Access• Personalization
UMB at the center of convergence
2G
Mobile Communication
Information Entertainment/ CE Rich Communication
User Generated Content/ Social Networking
Computing
4G
Phone
3G & Beyond 2G 1G
Mobile Networks Going Broadband
PC
User Generated Content/ Social Networking
Computing Simple Communication
Information Entertainment Rich Communication
Broadband Networks Going Mobile
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UMB: WAN System Designed from Ground Up for Ultra Mobile Broadband Experience
OFDMA dataw/
CDMA based mobility management
Very Low LatencyOrder of 16ms
Spatial Processing:MIMO, SDMA & Beamforming
High Cell Peak/Edge Rates: Adaptive
Interference Mgmt
Power Optimized to reduce idle and active power consumption
Efficient support for RT services such as VoIP
Flexible Deployment : FDD/TDD, 1.25-20 MHz
Scalable IP Network Architecture
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Ultra Mobile Broadband Competitive Advantage
Ultra Fast User Experience
Track Record of Technology LeadershipCompetitive Advantage / Differentiation
High Data and VoIP Capacity and efficient support for real-time services
Low device cost withHighly Integrated multimode ASICs
and strong Industry Partnerships
UMB
Robust mobile performance with seamless inter-technology and intra-technology handoffs
Robust and efficient operation with universal frequency reuse. No frequency planning required.
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UMB Supports MIMO, SDMA and Beamforming
• UMB simultaneously supports SISO and MIMO users• MIMO enables very high data rate transmissions to users close to the AP • Beamforming increases user data rates by focusing the transmit power to
the direction of the user, enabling higher receive SINR at the terminal • SDMA increases sector capacity by allowing simultaneous transmissions
to multiple users that can be spatially separated• Beamforming along with MIMO and SDMA provides higher user data rates
at both high and low SINR regions
Different colors imply different subcarriers
Beamforming
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UMB: Seamless Handoffs with 3G Services
Phase 2
Phase 1
MultimodeASIC
Solution
• Seamless User Experience based on Multimode Device ASICs and Handoffs between UMB and 3G
• Ability to Build Out Network in Phases, and Minimize Initial Investments – Focus on high demand areas first– Fall back to 3G where no coverage– Complete build out as demand grows
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PP2 Continues to Evolve as Leading IP WWAN
Coexistence of Rev B and UMB
Rev B = Multi-carrier Rev A, up to 5 MHz Carrier Bandwidth• Bond Rev A channels together with software as VoIP capacity is added• Improved peak, avg and cell edge data rates• Improved user experience (lower delays, consistent high data rates)• Backward compatibility with legacy devices
UMB = Deployments Utilizing 5 - 20 MHz Carrier Bandwidth• Highly optimized mobile OFDMA solution• Support for Flat Network Architecture• Proposed support for TDD and FDD• More capacity with wider carrier bandwidth, advanced MIMO and
SDMA support• Higher avg & peak data rates (wider carrier bandwidth, advanced
MIMO)• Multimode devices provide seamless migration• Standard Published: April 2007
Comparison: 3G vs WiMAX
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UMB vs. Mobile WiMAX: Key Issues
• Inefficient message based sleep mode operation– Idle State Duty Cycle of WiMAX is 9-14 times
higher than UMB
Battery Power Consumption
• High System/Signaling Overhead.
• Poor support for real-time services.
Forward LinkSig. Overheads
• Slow Message Based Power Control
• No power control for other-sector interference management. – Reduction in RL margin and throughput
Reverse LinkPower Control
• Mobility not an inherent part of initial design– Weak & Unreliable handoff design
Handoffs
Mobile WiMAXFeatures
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Mobile WiMAX Technical Deficiencies Mobile WiMAX Technical Deficiencies •• Mobile WiMAX is poorly designed for mobilityMobile WiMAX is poorly designed for mobility
– Lower Spectral Efficiency: 3G has 2x-3x advantage• Leads to lower throughputs
– Poorer link budget: ~10 dB less than 3G systems • Leads to poor coverage (1/6th of 3G coverage), hence more cell sites than 3G (6x)
– Higher overheads than 3G systems• Leads to higher latencies and poor support for real time applications • Poor VoIP capacity and mixed voice/data performance • Limited number of simultaneous users
– Limited support for handoffs• Primarily hard handoffs
•• Network and airNetwork and air--interface interoperabilityinterface interoperability– Service interoperability needs to be worked outside 802.16, IEEE Standard
only specifies PHY and MAC layers • Leads to poor interoperability and deployment delays
3G is well optimized for mobility and delivers superior voice and data performance than WiMAX
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02
468
10
1214
MobileWiMAX
DOrA DOrB HSDPA UMB
Forward Link Sector Throughput Comparison
Simulation assumptions:• SIMO Full Buffer, Forward Link physical layer performance• 3GPP2 frame work• DV channel model mix• Equalizer gain simulated for DOrA, DOrB and HSDPA• Preliminary: 10MHz TDD 2:1Mobile WiMAX sector throughput is 3Mbps, scaled to 10MHz effective Forward Link• 5MHz FDD carrier for HSPA+ , 2 carriers in 2x10MHz. 1.25MHz FDD carrier for DOrA and DOrB, 7 carriers in 2x10MHz
Effective FL Physical Layer Throughput per Sector in 10MHz
Mbp
s
Mbps/sector4,5005MHz~4.5 8.96 10.5 10.4 12.0
3G Technologies outperform WiMAX in the mobile environment
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0 10 20 30 40 50 600
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
Number of VoIP users
Nor
mal
ized
BE
Sec
tor T
hrug
hput
UMBMobile WiMAX
UMB Provides Significant Advantage in Serving Mixed Traffic (VoIP and Data)
Mobile WiMAX data capacity dropsdramatically as VoIP users increase
Simulation assumptions:SIMO, 2.5GHz
10MHz TDD 2:1
4dB gain differencebetween primary andsecondary MS antennae
Channel model mix- 30% PedB 3kmph- 30% VehB 10kmph- 20% VehA 30kmph- 10 VehA 120kmph- 10% Rician
10x4x2.5x2xUMB Sector Throughput Advantage over Mobile WiMAX
4025100Number of VoIP Users
Mobile WiMAX VoIP Outage Capacity*
*source: Outage capacity based on > 12% of users exceeding delay budget of 100 ms
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3G’s Larger Cell Size Means Fewer Sites
0%
200%
400%
600%
800%
1000%
1200%
Urban [%] 100% 97% 117% 111% 308% 583% 976%
Suburban [%] 100% 97% 113% 111% 273% 518% 743%
Rural [%] 100% 97% 109% 111% 259% 504% 642%
DOrA 1900 HSUPA 1900 HSUPA 2100 UMB 2500 UMB TDD 2:1 2500 802.16 TDD 2:1 2500 802.16 TDD 2:1 3500
Number of Cell Sites Required for Mobile ScenarioNumber of Cell Sites Required for Mobile Scenario
Link budget: HSUPA, DOrA and 802.16e (mobile WiMAX) cell edge targeted at ~64kbps data ratePropagation model: Hata model in 800MHz, Cost-Hata model in 1900MHz, 2500MHz and 3500MHz.
WiMAX requires significantly more cell sites than 3G
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Site Rental
Internet InterconnectRF Eng / Test Equip
Ancillary Equipment
Installation/Shipping
Backhaul
SparesUtilities
Softw are Upgrade Training
Operations
Project ManagementSite Acquisition
BTS
Other
CoreNet - Packet-Sw itched
CoreNet - Circuit-Sw itched
BSC
3G Mobile Network Expense Breakdown
Capital Expense
Operating Expense
Both OpEx and CapEx are driven by number of cell sites
• 600 MOU /Sub/Month; 1000 MByte /Sub/Month
Notes:
• Urban morphology (10K Pops/SqKm)
• Wireless penetration: 50%
• Operator market share: 25%
• Local call termination charges and long distance transport costs are not included in the network expense calculations
• Spectrum available: 2X10MHz @ 800MHz
Seven-Year Depreciated Capital (% of Total Network Expense) 26%Ancillary Equipment 1%Installation/Shipping 7%Site Acquisition 1%Project Management 0%RF Eng / Test Equip 1%BTS 8%BSC 6%CoreNet - Circuit-Switched 0%CoreNet - Packet-Switched 3%Other 0%Operating Expense (% of Total Network Expense) 74%Site Rental 8%Operations 5%Utilities 2%Spares 1%Training 1%Software Upgrade 1%Backhaul 35%Internet Interconnect 20%
Seven-Year Depreciated Capital (% of Total Network Expense) 26%Ancillary Equipment 1%Installation/Shipping 7%Site Acquisition 1%Project Management 0%RF Eng / Test Equip 1%BTS 8%BSC 6%CoreNet - Circuit-Switched 0%CoreNet - Packet-Switched 3%Other 0%Operating Expense (% of Total Network Expense) 74%Site Rental 8%Operations 5%Utilities 2%Spares 1%Training 1%Software Upgrade 1%Backhaul 35%Internet Interconnect 20%
Network deployments are dominated by Network deployments are dominated by OpExOpEx rather than rather than CapExCapEx
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Conclusions• EV-DO and HSPA technologies are delivering mobile broadband
today!– Established strongly with major commercial investments– Thriving on a robust 3G eco-system and economies of scale– Proven high performance with a strong backward compatibility framework– Providing services with extensive range of devices– Significant time-to-market advantage over competing alternatives
• Mobile WiMAX offers no advantage over DO/HSDPA mobile broadband
• Leveraging on a strong 3G Eco-System, UMB as a highly optimized OFDMA, provides ultra fast user experience and maximizes revenues from all segments– UMB and LTE provide more advantages for mobility, capacity, VoIP and real-
time application support with low latency.
• LTE is designed as an optimized OFDMA solution for Mobile Broadband but its commercial realization may be further away
DO & HSDPA are logical mobile broadband choices to an operator today!!
