Mobile Phone Recycling: Curb Dangerous Waste Accumulation

Even kids these days are aware of the significance of recycling and why it suddenly has become the need

of the hour with every other object of utility lying around us. While most of them can easily be recycled

some others are tend to just accumulate with time. This adds on to the waste proportions on Earth

which is apparently on a rise and causes a lot of detrimental effects to the environment. Efficient

methods of recycling employed thus helps to some extent in reducing the volumes of such difficult

wastes consequently reducing the poisonous emissions to the atmosphere. Cell phones are not new to

mankind and in this day and age where they have become almost a basic necessity to men and women

in all countries around the world, the number of cell phones produced and sold are on an all time high.

Valuable and non-renewable metal resources are being mined for the production of these high-in

demand electronic goods amongst which mobile phones rate on a high note, and thus mobile phone

recycling is the one of the efficient solutions employed that would stop the mining of virgin metals.

Billions of mobile phone units are manufactured and sold throughout the world but how many are

aware that when you sell mobile phones you can get them recycled, at least certain parts of these very

common gadgets? With communication and information technologies going through a make-over every

second in this fast paced technologically driven world of ours people tend to replace the phones even if

they are in good working condition.

There has been cell phone recycling programs and cell phone collection programs out of the mammoth

quantities being replaced only 1% of them are actually recycled. This is majorly due to the small scale

awareness programs on the recycle mobile phones agenda and their collections and subsequent

recycling. The metals used in the cell phones like copper, iron, nickel, silver and zinc with small

quantities of aluminum, gold, lead, manganese, palladium, platinum and tin account a huge amount of

waste when you see the number of cell phones discarded each year.

These mobile phone parts are not just recycled to be used in newer mobile phones but can be made to

manufacture a plethora of other items from traffic cone to gold rings. Most of the reputed mobile phone

providers have provisions for recycling your mobiles. If not, you can always go onto a search engine and

type mobile phone recycling centers in your area and get your old phone recycled today. Your individual

step towards recycling has the capacity to make a huge difference in saving Mother Earth from early

annihilation.

Why Recycle Your Mobile Phones?

Once upon a time, food, shelter and clothing were the three basic needs of an average man. However,

with the advent of new technologies and digital innovations the “basic need” scenario has undergone a

vast makeover and there are a few more things that a commonest to the most important man cannot do

without. One amongst these things that is seen frequently on almost everyone is a mobile phone.

Mobile phones were once a luxury and now they have become like toilet paper which gets replaced

every now and then. Owing to the reduced prices and the constant up gradation of communication and

information technology, mobile phones get replaced in a span of a few years with a brand new model.

While the older mobile goes outdated nobody really cares about what must be done with that mobile

anymore.

mobile phone recycling thus comes into picture to avoid the accumulation of this electronic device

amongst the dump that is tough to recycle. Recycling of any waste is prudent such that it does not

increase the carbon footprint of Mother Earth, but amongst these various products that are recycled

some parts of certain products are extremely stubborn candidates for recycling. Mobile phones have

certain metal composites and chemicals used in them as well that may be hazardous to the

environment. Besides it is also difficult to find a way to recycle certain mobile phone parts and they

gradually get accumulated as waste.

For instance, mobile phone internals are welded with lead, lead as we know is potentially poisonous if

exposed to the open environment. It can cause disorders in the brain especially of infants and toddlers

when exposed to it. This dangerous element is also known to cause malfunctioning of the immune

system and nervous system disorders. It also contains elements like Cadmium that has the ability to

adulterate huge amounts of water and contaminate it in no time is present in substantial amounts in a

mobile phone battery. Apart from these a quintessential cell phone consists of flame retardants and

beryllium. While both these constituents are potentially harmful the latter is also known to be one of

the causes of lung cancer.

Knowing the toxic substances present in your old unused mobiles you must now be alert citizens of

planet earth and help save the planet from excessive deterioration in terms of harmful mobile parts

being stored away rather than being given for recycling. mobile phone recycling helps in many ways to

retain certain unrecyclable parts and reused in other mobiles. Besides, old mobiles can also be recycled

by offering these equipments to poor people of the third world countries who can only dream of these

hi-tech equipments.

Sell Mobile Phones and Help Mobile Phone Recycling:

Mobile Phones, are needless to say, one of the most overrated and overused instrument by almost all

people in the major commercially significant places in the world. The prices of mobiles are so down to

earth these days that even the commonest of common man gets to afford hi-tech mobile phones with

latest technologies. Also, as technology gets constantly updated mobile phones aren’t left behind in

incorporating these devices with the latest in digital technologies. Eventually, human beings who are

generally not satisfied with what they have tend to immediately opt a new mobile phone and forget all

about their old phones.

In first world countries and most of the developing nations the mobile phone consumers are on an all-

time high. With this number it is only the mobile phone manufacturers that are profiting, as long as the

environment is concerned, you would be a little more than amazed to know the harm caused by the

various parts used in these mobiles. With the rise in demand there is a rise in the amount of virgin

metals being mined and this gradually becomes one of the sole reasons of depleting natural resources.

Most of these parts also have the ability to cause toxic contamination of massive quantities of water

resources as well as the air in the environment. While some metals like lead can cause brain damage in

infants others like beryllium can cause lung infections. It is our duty as learned citizens of the society

that we give our due contribution towards preventing this unnecessary pollution of planet Earth.

Take conducive steps to stop this mobile phone accumulation. mobile phone recycling is a fairly new

concept in the UK and the sad part is most people are too busy to even know that something like this

exists. It is never too late though. At present an estimate of only over 10% of mobile phones are given

for recycling and in future we could only hope that this statistic increases. Try not to change your mobile

phones too often. Spread the word about mobile phone recycling to your neighbors and peers. There

are agencies that pay you for getting your used mobile phones recycled. Search for a local organization

that provides this service and sell mobile phones for recycling, this way you could put it away safely and

also earn a little something in return.

As concerned human beings, give the quality of human life for the forthcoming generations and put a

stop to the destructive nature of the several mobile phones that go into dump and eventually get

accumulated as landfills making it worse for our own well-being.

Extract Minerals from your old mobile phones

It is better to recycle an unwanted or old cell phone, rather than collecting or preserving it. But

generally, people don’t recycle their mobiles. Instead they sell it to poor people at a cheaper rate or may

even lend it to charity. mobile phone recycling process have come up, so that your old cell phones could

earn you money as well as save the environment. The cell phones contain hazardous waste consisting of

copper, lead, mercury, cadmium, barium, nickel, antimony and zinc which eventually leads to landfills.

Hence environmental impact must be taken into consideration and people must be aware of the toxic

elements present in the mobile phones.

The unwanted cell phones produce 65,000 tons of toxic waste and pollute 132,000 liters of water. The

average lifespan of a cell phone is estimated to be 18 months, since people work more and prefer new

products. The number of unused cell phones has touched half a billion and next year 130 million would

be added to it. It has been found out that, 130 million old cell phones weigh around 14000 metric tons.

It contains approximately 2100 metric tons of copper, 46 metric tons of silver, 3.9 metric tons of gold, 2

metric tons of palladium and 0.04 of platinum.

It has also been detected that 230 grams of gold can be extracted from one ton of old or unused cell

phones. It has also been found out that one ton of old cell phones is approximately worth 6000$. One

could earn cash on offering his old cell phones for recycling. He can also lend the money to charity or

any other troops as per his wish. The contents stored in the phones must be deleted by setting on the

master reset option, before it is given for recycling.

A blackberry or apple iPhone mobiles could earn you a good amount when recycled. Recycling

unwanted mobiles are effective under financial, environmental and health perspectives. Not only gold,

core elements like copper, lead and zinc can also be recycled through this process. The benefits of this

mobile recycling process should reach the ears of common people, since only two percent of unused old

mobiles are recycled per year. This can be done by organizing several awareness programs and

campaigns on how it affects the environment and health. Thus the only way to bring the mobile

recycling process into action is to spread the consequences of disposing unwanted cell phones among

the people. First of all, each one of us should come forward to recycle our own old cell phones at home;

even if it is one in number. If the person is not familiar with the process and how to get it done, he could

refer some websites, which offers information about the places or shops where it is done.

Earn Cash from Old and Unwanted Mobiles

Selling old cell phones is far better than saving it at home or disposing away, which in any means may

pollute the environment. It is normally estimated that people upgrade their mobile phones once in

every twelve or eighteen months. There are a lot of people interested in getting old cell phones rather

than buying a new one. Some people believe that affording money for an old mobile is easier and even

some take it as a whole sale business to sell the old cell phones. There are also people who have hobbies

of changing their mobiles often, and hence they prefer getting mobiles second handed. These all happen

to be the reason for the rapid increase in the sales of old cell phones. This idea of selling the old cell

phones or recycling them could make a clean and plastic free environment. When these unwanted or

unused mobiles are exposed as landfills, the toxic elements like copper, lead, mercury, cadmium,

barium, nickel, antimony and zinc included in it affect the environment and health. Hence it could lead

us to a hazardous atmosphere by contaminating the ground water. Since cell phones are made up of

valuable minerals and metals, it cannot be thrown away casually, which is considered as an e-waste.

There are certain charity institutions, which comes forward to collect old mobiles in order to raise funds

for charity. Rather than preserving these old mobiles at home, this method of lending it for charity

sounds better and fair.

One could sell his old or unwanted mobile phone through various means. There are dealers and mobile

phone stations who buy your old cell phones at a finer cost, as per its working condition and quality. You

can also sell your old phones by advertising through online, newspapers, TV, radio and magazines and

fixing a preferred rate for your mobile. There are consumers all over the world who often visit the

websites to buy old or unused cell phones. So advertising through online is the best way to sell your old

mobile phones. It is estimated that, there are more than 500 million old cell phones, resting at drawers,

boxes and dumped away as landfills. There are so many people all over the world who wish in buying old

cell phones. If each of them comes forward in selling or recycling their old cell phones, definitely we

could see an eco-friendly environment. Hence the thing to be kept in mind in case of an old mobile

phone is that, it should be either reused or recycled. Tons of minerals like copper, and gold can also be

extracted from these unused mobile phones.

Need of recycling old mobile phones:

Mobile phone recycling is necessary in this current technological world. There arise a question why

recycling is needed. There is lots of answer to this question. Mobile phone recycling is necessary to save

energy and to meet the basic raw material needed to manufacture it. Now a day, due to the lack of all

basic raw materials the price is increasing gradually. To meet the demand and to reduce the increase in

price, recycling of mobile phones is necessary. Recycling may also help to save the precious elements

from the circuit board. Throwing away a mobile phone will also harm the environment by releasing the

toxic waste in it. It will play a wide role in increasing the global warming problem.

The responsibility lies in the hands of the user. Instead of keeping the unused mobile phones in the

drawer or cupboard we can contribute by giving them to the recyclers. A recent survey by a well

developed company says that only 3% of people contribute by giving their mobile phones for recycling.

Awareness should be created among the peoples to tell the importance of recycling the mobile phones.

Tons and tons of cell phones are discarded without recycling, this lead a way towards the destruction of

the earth.

The circuit boards and charges contain many toxic materials like lead, cadmium, antimony and mercury.

They pollute the water when thrown away without recycling. There are also some precious metals like

gold, platinum and silver. Gold is more valuable among them. Copper is also recycled from them for the

reuse. Copper is cheap among this but much useful. Mobile phones can be recycled to get the useful

parts from them. By taking useful part from each mobile phone one can get a complete mobile phone

which is in good condition.

One of the most important uses of recycling is to reduce globalization by reducing the emission of green

house gas in the atmosphere. About 80% of any mobile phones can be recycled. Recycling mobile

phones reduce the amount of raw materials taken from the earth to manufacture new ones. The

recycled materials are also used to make park benches, saxophones, and kettle and so on… there is no

need of any fear that our contacts will be lost. Once you decided to give your phone for recycling save

your contacts and any other important messages in computer or any other storage devices.

Instead of keeping them unused we can give them for recycling, to meet the demand of raw materials

needed to manufacture the new one. Save earth from globalization and save the nation from recession.

Think of new ideas; recycle the unused mobile phones, save energy.

Support each other and make a change.

Importance of recycling mobile phones:

Every journey needs a start. Now let us keep our first step to the journey of recycling mobile phones.

Here comes the need of recycling the unused mobile phones. The unused mobile phones are recycled to

get the important parts from them. They threaten the human health and the environment. Instead of

putting the unused mobile phones in the dustbin they can be given for recycling. When thrown in the

lands they explode their toxic materials. Therefore they pollute the environment. Awareness should be

created among peoples regarding the recycling of mobile phones. This can be created among the people

by conducting mobile phone recycling program in the workplace and in your community.

The impact of the mobile phones on human health and the environment is very cruel. The toxic

materials released from the mobile phones in the landfills may contaminate the soil and the

underground water. All unused mobile phones are sent to the EPA-certified partners, they recycle them

without causing any harm to the environment. One good way to improve the recycling of mobile phones

by people is: Every country’s government should put a strict order that unused mobile phones or any of

their accessories should not be dumped in dustbins.

The most important and interesting fact of mobile phones is: there is a small amount gold in the circuit

board. Removing the gold in them by one’s own effort is dangerous. They can be handed over to the

recycling companies and they will pay you in turn. Apart from gold certain other toxic materials like

arsenic, lead, cadmium, polyvinyl chloride, and chromium are present in the circuit board. People can be

encouraged by setting a recycling campaign in their locality to collect the unused phones and paid in

turn for that. Mobile phones that are too damaged can be sent for recycling and those in good condition

can be used to take their useful parts.

Mobile phones with minor damage are refurbished and resold. Unused mobile phones can be sent to

the recycling companies in their postage paid envelope. Recycling million unused mobile phones is equal

to reducing the emission of green house gas by 33 cars for a year. Due to the discovery of new model of

phones every day the old ones are becoming unused. So recycling of the old unused mobile phones will

pave a way to reduce the green house gas and protect the environment. Mobile phones are the leading

source of communication in our society. Many of us rely on the mobile phones for communication and

replace them with newer and better models.

Electronic devices like mobile phones thrown in trash end up buried in landfills or burned at waste-to-

energy facilities. So the better options are reusing and recycling.

Necessity of recycling cell phones:

In the past decades mobile phones has become one of the leading sources of communications. We

should recycle them when they are kept unused. The massive number of mobile phones and various

mobile devices now in circulation are presenting a growing concern to the environment. Wireless

phones generally contain 40% plastics, 40% metal and 20% ceramics. Among the metals there are some

toxic metals like lead, arsenic, cadmium and others. All these elements harm the atmosphere by

releasing the toxics in them. There are many reasons and opportunities to recycle a mobile phone and

only a few people do it. We can help the atmosphere and people who are atrocious in having a mobile

phone of their own.

The life cycle of a mobile phone is: it’s manufactured by using the raw materials, sold, then used by an

owner and then thrown away. The problem lies in throwing the mobile phones away. Some users

through them in waste box and some give it for recycling. Only 3% of the entire world population gives

them for recycling. The thrown away mobile phones end up in ignition and landfills. The one given for

recycling by the owners are reused or refurbished. From this the useful components and raw materials

are recovered. The recovered raw materials reduce the need for new mines to manufacture new mobile

phones.

The refurbished raw materials are given to charity or sold. The discarded mobile phones account for

65,000 tons of toxic material every year. The electronic devices like the mobile phones leach out many

hazardous substances in the soil which in turn pollute the underground water. They not only pollute the

soil and water but also pollute the air when burned in incinerators. So people are advised to hand over

the unused mobile phones to the recyclers, such that they discard them in a healthy method.

Many of the toxic substances like – arsenic, cadmium, poly vinyl chloride, lead, nickel, beryllium and zinc

belong to the class of persistent toxins which stay behind the environment and do not break. The metals

like lead and cadmium, likely to accumulate in the tissues of plants and animals, build up in the food

chain, which is dangerous when released in small amount. Most of the toxic elements lie in the printed

board and the liquid-crystal- display. They show their impact on the health of humans. They cause

cancer and affect small children health.

The impact of lead is more when compared to other elements. Lead is considered as a problematic

material throughout the world. The lead is used in soldering the components in the circuit board. This

creates cancer, abnormalities by affecting the central nervous system, immune system and kidneys too.

Therefore recycling them in a proper way is necessary to prevent its ill-effects.

Cash out of unused mobile phones:

Disposal of electronic devices like mobile phones are becoming a larger problem every day. In this

wireless technological world, electronic devices like mobile phones are considered as a problematic

component, as they have a large amount of hazardous metal in them. The circuit board of the mobile

phones has metals like cadmium, arsenic, lead, beryllium, copper, zinc and nickel. All these chemicals

belong to the persistent toxins. They are very harmful, Such that they build up in the food chain and do

not break. These persistent bio-accumulative toxins create many problems like reproductive,

neurological and development disorder. Most of the toxins in the mobile phones are in printed wires

and in the liquid-crystal display.

One of the most important hazardous metals in mobile phones is lead. This creates kidney problem,

affect the nervous system and immunity system too. Another important hazardous constituent is

brominated flame retardant, to reduce the risk of fire. This retardant are in the printed wiring boards,

cables and the protective plastic housing around them. Research indicates that some flame retardant is

bio-accumulative, Persistent and toxic. There are two types of flame retardants poly-brominated

biphenyl and poly-brominated diphenyl. These flame retardants also have their impact on the endocrine

and immune system.

Apart from this the rechargeable batteries also contain number of highly toxic substances. In early mid

1990’s nickel-cadmium batteries are used. This causes human carcinogen, damage lung, liver and kidney.

These also show their impact on wildlife. Because of the toxicity in cadmium, nickel-cadmium batteries

are banned. Lithium-ion and nickel metal hydride batteries are increasingly replacing the nickel-

cadmium batteries. Many campaigns should be conducted around our locality to create awareness

about the need and necessity of recycling the mobile phones, and environment benefits from them.

Donating a mobile phone also benefits our community. If they are in good condition they are sold in

discounts and the funds are given to schools, churches and charitable trust. Because of recycling the

toxic waste are prevented from entering the atmosphere and damaging them. Focus all your attention in

recycling them in a charitable manner, which shows your care. It’s a great way to dispose the unused

mobile phones for cash. The benefit of recycling is getting cash for old phones and becoming

environment friendly.

Recycling mobile phones help the environment by saving energy and keeping useable materials out of

landfills and incinerators. Mobile phones are made of all precious metals like gold, copper all of which

require large amount of energy to manufacturing and mining. Recycling these not only conserve

resources but also prevent air and water pollution, and emission of green house gas in the atmosphere.

Start donating phones for recycling and face a world with difference tomorrow.

Reuse of unused mobile phones:

Increasing government regulation coupled with force to reduce the environmental defects from unused

mobile phones is not really a bad thing. Hazardous materials are banned throughout our society.

Hazardous waste management is often considered as a complicated process; still the producers and

other well developed organization take the responsibility for the recycling. Mobile phone sectors are

one of the fastest growing industries in the world. According to a survey the life of a mobile phone is

only 18 months with the arrival of a new model in the market. This leads to the junk storage of old

phones in their drawer. To minimize the volume of bulk amount of mobile phones ending up in landfills,

recycling of them is mandatory.

Typical disposal of the unused mobile phones or their accessories result in one of the following

alternatives:

- Reuse

- Product upgrade

- Material recovery

- Waste disposal.

Reusing deals with the reselling or reusing the products. Product upgrade is to repair, remanufacture,

refurbish and repackage. Material recovery is recycling and reduction in sales volume. Waste disposal

includes incineration or land filling the waste products.

Mobile phones have a number of components which have a clear ability to remanufacture them.

Integrated circuits, printed circuit boards, gold-coated edge contacts on the circuit boards, microphones,

the protective housing around them and keyboards can be recovered and reused. Recycling companies

promises that their recycling will be environment friendly with nothing going into the landfills.

Consumers who are willing to get a new model can hand over their old phones to the retailers for

recycling instead of keeping them in their drawer. There are a lot of persistent bio-accumulative toxins

in the circuit board of the mobile phones. Once when they are thrown in the lands without giving for

recycling, they pollute the soil and the underground water. The most important hazardous metal in the

circuit board of the mobile phones are the lead. When they are thrown in the land they pollute the

drinking water, this causes kidney problem, affect the immune and nervous system too.

Lead is threatening more when compared to other metals in the circuit board. The interesting fact is

that, gold in the circuit board can be recovered and used. Recovering them by one’s own effort is

dangerous. So donate them to the recyclers and be paid. Recycling them not only conserve energy and

environment, but also reduce the basic raw materials required to manufacture a new one. They also

reduce the air and water pollution too. Focus all your attention in recycling them in a charitable way,

such that a community benefit from it. Recycling of mobile phones can become successful when people

donate their old phones for recycling. Donate a mobile phone for recycling and become eco-friendly.

Why You need to recycle mobile phones?

Today along with plastic, nuclear and chemical waste mankind is facing problem with e-waste. The main

culprit of the e-waste is the mobile phones. Now the need of the time is recycling of the mobile phones.

E-waste can be combined with computers and other electronic devices, but mobile phones are giving a

strong competition among them. Every landfills and city dumps are filled with mobile phones that carry

deadly hazardous materials like chromium, lead and nickel. They are capable of causing serious damage

to our environment and underground water. Many people throw their mobile phones away after they

become old and damaged. This is because they are not aware of the recycling of mobile phones.

As far as recycling is concerned, a survey reveals only below 3% of the world population gives their

mobile phones for recycling. The long lists of buyers get richer when compared to the list of donors for

recycling. Recycling simply means extracting the materials from the mobile phones and brings them to

use again instead of leaving them as hazardous waste material. Many people are unaware that the

copper in the mobile phones and chargers are recyclable. The growing value of copper in market is

making it a valuable one.

One ton of old mobile phone devices can yield up to 100 kilogram of copper which is more than from its

own ore. The scope of recycling mobile phones is necessary due to the lack of its resources. Today

mobile users are increasing rapidly due to its newer models. Recycling copper reduces the impact of

mining copper and keeps the cost of it in a set level. Mobile phones are made from all valuable

materials; these require energy and natural resources to extract them. Mobile phone recycling also

reduces the emission of green house gas in the atmosphere.

Lead is one of the most threatening chemical in the circuit boards of mobile phones. It is considered as a

problematic metal throughout the world. Lead is used in the circuit boards for soldering. These create

cancer, abnormalities by affecting the central nervous system and immune system and affect the

kidneys too. They can be disposed properly when given to the recyclers. Instead of keeping our mobile

phones unused in drawer, we can give them for recycling and save the basic raw materials needed to

manufacture them. The housing around the mobile phones can be used to make park decks; saxophones

and so on... focus all your attention in recycling them in a charitable way. So say bye to pollution and

environmental impacts created by mobile phones. Let’s all join our hands together and give way to

recycling of mobile phones and save energy and the environment.

Recycling makes sense.

Mobile Phone Recycling: How it Works?

Mobile phones have evolved more from an ‘object of desire’’ to the ‘object that rapidly expire’ on

account of newer models that influx in the market every progressing second. Everyone is in the race of

upgrading their mobile phones as soon as something better and hi-tech enters the market. So what

really happens to the old mobile phones? They just contribute to unattended trash that eventually fills

up local municipal landfills. In the 21st century we have seen mobile phones evolve so drastically and it

still doesn’t stop to be rejuvenated with advanced technologies that the older mobile phones look like

antique pieces. Besides it is not just the mobile phones that go into trash but also the charger that

comes along with it. Mobile phone recycling is thus a concept that has recently developed in order to

save energy and money spent on recreating completely new mobile phone parts.

Recycling mobile phones is an incredibly feasible solution to reduce landfills as well as reduce the

immense amount of energy spent and the huge amount of toxic substances released in the process of

strip mining certain precious materials that form internal parts of the phone. Your mobile phone is

bound to have traces of precious metals like Gold, Silver and Platinum. The gold is used in the circuit

board and did you know that 79 tons of toxic waste is released when 1 ounce of gold is strip mined?

Apart from these precious metals, there are other materials that are unfavorable to the environment

that cause pollution eventually, integrated into the mobile phone parts such as mercury, cadmium and

lead. These end up in the landfills that eventually mix with the soil and may even pollute your drinking

water resources and food resources. Mobile phone charges contain considerable amounts of copper

which again is a metal that is extracted with a lot of energy spent in the process.

Thus the only solution to play your part in restoring the balance in the environment and save the earth

from speedy depletion of natural resources is by selling your mobile phones to organizations that deal

with mobile phone recycling. When you sell mobile phones to get recycled you not only receive cash for

mobiles but also contribute to reduced energy consumption and avoid unnecessary landfill

accumulation. Recycling just one mobile phone can make a huge difference in the amount of energy

saved therein. People must be educated on the benefits of mobile phone recycling and if you know

somebody that is unaware of all this it is your duty to educate them towards mobile phone recycling by

selling their mobile phones to the appropriate recycling centers.

The author of this article owns a website where you can compare all UK mobile phone recycling

companies to get the best cash value when mobile phone recycling.