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Modular Course in Hydrothermal Ore Deposits

Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ottawa 14-21 February, 2009

Course Description This is an intensive 8-day short course on hydrothermal ore deposits and processes that are responsible for their formation. The focus of the course will be on the analysis of physical and chemical controls on hydrothermal mineralization, the recognition and characterization of ore-fluid reservoirs, and the nature of large-scale fluid flow and alteration in magmatic-hydrothermal systems, with an emphasis application to exploration. Four of the world's leading experts on the major classes of magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits will present 2-day modules on porphyry, epithermal, skarn and related mineral deposit types. The course will be suitable for graduate students with advanced 3rd and 4th-year undergraduate training in ore deposits and for professionals. Specific topics that will be addressed in each session include:

� case studies of regional and deposit-scale geology of hydrothermal ore deposits � lithogeochemistry of host rocks � alteration mineralogy and geochemistry � ore mineralogy and geochemistry � stable and radiogenic isotopes and applications � use of fluid and mineral equilibria in analysis of ore-forming systems � guides to exploration

The course will focus on both theory and practical applications, emphasizing aspects that are readily accessible to exploration and mining geologists, including geological maps and cross sections, mineralogy, and the chemical compositions of the ores and host rocks. It is intended to provide the non-specialist with a working knowledge of multidisciplinary techniques widely used in exploration and research on magmatic-hydrothermal systems. The course will use real examples to illustrate the fundamental links between regional and deposit-scale geology and the origins of hydrothermal fluids in porphyry, epithermal, and skarn deposits. Exercises will be performed in class on the interpretation of geological maps, hand specimens, and mineralogical and geochemical data to understand the genesis of ore fluids, fluid-mineral equilibria, and alteration. This understanding is critical to interpreting exploration data and assessing the ore-forming potential of hydrothermal systems in the field.

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Days 1 and 2: Porphyry Cu-Mo-Au Deposits Porphyry deposits are economically the most important class of hydrothermal ore deposits. This first part of the course will examine the geology of a number of world-class porphyry systems, with an emphasis on the regional tectonic and magmatic controls on emplacement of voluminous calcalkaline magma in the upper crust and the release of large volumes of metalliferous hydrothermal fluid. Examples of regional tectonic and magmatic precursors of porphyry Cu-Mo-(Au) mineralization, which provide fundamental guides to exploration, will be examined in Papua New Guinea, South America, and the neo-Tethyan metallogenic belt from the Alps to the Himalayas. In addition to regional tectonic controls, emphasis will be placed on quantifying the P-T-t path of the magmatic-hydrothermal systems responsible for porphyry deposits, including the chemical and isotopic properties of interacting hydrothermal fluids, the characteristics of the orebodies, and ore depositional mechanisms, with direct links to the volcanic and physiographic settings of the causative intrusions. The course will examine how the evolution of magmatic-hydrothermal systems over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales contributes to the large size and diversity of porphyry systems and can also complicate exploration. Days 3 and 4: World Skarn Deposits Skarn deposits form by metasomatic replacement processes adjacent to plutons (i.e., contact metamorphism), along faults and major shear zones, in shallow geothermal systems, and at deeper crustal levels in buried metamorphic terrains. They can involve fluids of many different types, including magmatic, metamorphic, meteoric, and/or marine, leading to a variety of different skarn types (Fe, Au, Cu, Zn, W, Mo and Sn). Skarn deposits also occur in a variety of geodynamic and tectonic settings, spanning a wide range of ore-forming environments. As a result skarn deposits are one of the more abundant types of hydrothermal ore deposits and include a number of world-class base metal mines, from Gaspé Copper to Antamina in Peru. This part of the course will examine the diversity of metasomatic processes that can lead to skarn formation, with an emphasis on the geology, geochemistry and mineralogy of large skarn deposits. The course will explore methods for interpreting ore-forming mineral reactions in skarn systems, estimating conditions of skarn formation, and identifying fluid sources and pathways. These tools will be developed into useful exploration vectors that can be readily applied in the field. Days 5 and 6: Epithermal Au-Ag Vein Systems Low- and intermediate-sulfidation epithermal deposits in the porphyry environment and elsewhere produce significant quantities of gold and silver, along with minor amounts of base metals, and continue to be a major target for precious metal explorers. This part of the course will examine a wide range of polymetallic epithermal Au-Ag vein systems, as well as their modern analogues in active geothermal environment. The latter have led to many new concepts in the understanding of epithermal deposits which aid in the development of genetic and exploration models. Genetic concepts will be discussed and exploration case studies will be developed using the geological, geochemical and geophysical characteristics of some of the world's most important epithermal Au-Ag vein deposits. Examples of process-based exploration models will be presented that examine zoning in large-scale porphyry-epithermal districts in South America as well as detailed studies of complex breccia-hosted systems in Indonesia. Special emphasis will be placed on the interpretation of geological settings, alteration

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mineralogy and geochemistry, gangue mineralogy, and enrichment of precious metals, and the application of these data in exploration. Days 7 and 8: Fluid Reservoirs in Complex Ore-forming Systems All hydrothermal ore deposits are the end products of fluid flow through porous and permeable media and focusing of hydrothermal fluids at the site of ore deposition, involving a wide range of sources of heat, fluid and metals. Ore deposition may be proximal to the source of heat and metals, as in magmatic-related deposits (e.g., pegmatites, Sn veins, greisens, skarns, porphyry Cu-Au) or distal, as in the case of epithermal polymetallic deposits and some mesothermal Au deposits. Other hydrothermal ore deposits may be complex hybrids, and some (e.g., intrusion-related gold and IOCG) remain controversial due to the ambiguity of some of the data on fluid sources and compositions. This part of the course will examine different fluid reservoirs that are involved in the formation of hydrothermal ore deposits and illustrate how multidisciplinary approaches are required to fully characterize the complex nature of these systems. Real examples from the spectrum of porphyry, epithermal, and skarn deposits, as well as other deposit types, will be used to illustrate how different data and techniques from fluid inclusions to stable isotopes to mineral chemistry can be used to integrate an understanding of ore-fluid reservoirs into a framework for mineral exploration in different geological settings.

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Modular Course in Hydrothermal Ore Deposits

Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ottawa 14-21 February, 2009

Presenters Jeremy Richards is Professor in the Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences at University of Alberta. He received his B.Sc. in geology from Cambridge University, his M.Sc. from the University of Toronto, and a Ph.D. from the Australian National University. Jeremy's research spans a wide range of topics related to ore deposits, including volcanology, geochronology, geochemistry, and geodynamics. His landmark contributions on porphyry systems combine rigorous fieldwork with sophisticated analytical techniques and theory, including sector and ICP mass spectrometry, synchrotron XRF, ion microprobe, and U-Pb, K-Ar, 40Ar/39Ar geochronology. His research has included groundbreaking studies of the Central African Copper Belt, alkalic-type epithermal Au deposits (e.g., Porgera), and giant porphyry Cu deposits (e.g., Escondida). This work has contributed to the fundamental understanding of the temporal and spatial controls on mineralization in large metallogenic provinces such as the Andes and the Tethyan metallogenic belt of Eastern Europe, Turkey, Iran and Pakistan. He has worked extensively with industry, including serving on the advisory board of exploration companies. Recently, he has pioneered research on the links between geoscience, economics and social issues in the context of non-renewable resource development, with projects in Alberta, Romania, Vietnam, and the Canadian Arctic. Jeremy co-edited the landmark 100th Anniversary Volume of Economic Geology in 2005, and he is the current editor of CIM Geology Division's journal Exploration and Mining Geology. Larry Meinert is Professor in Residence in the Geology Department at Smith College, Massachusetts, and Adjunct Professor at the University of Ottawa. Larry attended Carleton College and earned his Ph.D. at Stanford University in 1980, where he began his lifetime career working on magmatic-hydrothermal systems. In 1981, he joined the Geology department at Washington State University, where he specialized in the geology, geochemistry, and exploration for ore deposits for 22 years. He is a leading expert in the field of Cu, Zn, and Au skarn deposits and has consulted extensively for mining companies exploring for these deposits worldwide, publishing landamark reviews on world skarn deposits in both the 75th Anniversary Volume and 100th Anniversary Volume of Economic Geology. Larry is also well known for his wine appreciation courses and has operated a small winery for more than 20 years, specializing in barrel-fermented Cabernet Sauvignon from select vineyards. He has published extensively on both skarns and "terroir" and has ongoing research projects on the wines of Argentina, Chile, Italy, New Zealand, and various parts of the USA. Larry has been co-editor of the journal Mineralium Deposita since 2002. In 2008, Larry stepped down as co-editor of Mineralium Deposita to become the editor of Economic Geology.

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Bruce Gemmell is the Deputy Director of the world-leading Centre for Ore Deposits Research (CODES) and the Head of the School of Earth Sciences at the University of Tasmania. Bruce obtained his B.Sc. in 1979 from the University of British Columbia and M.Sc. and PhD (1987) from Dartmouth College. His early research was on the trace metal geochemistry of volcanic gases from active volcanoes in Costa Rica and Nicaragua and the geology and mineralogy of epithermal Ag veins in Mexico. Bruce later gained extensive experience in a wide range of ore deposit types, including landmark research on the volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits of Western Tasmania and the North American cordillera, where he has worked extensively in mineral exploration, as well as on modern seafloor hydrothermal systems. More recently he and his students have conducted detailed research on base and precious metal vein systems in Indonesia and South America, developing process-based exploration models focusing on zoning in the porphyry-epithermal transition. Bruce has supervised nearly 40 M.Sc. and Ph.D. students and has won a number of awards for his teaching at UTAS. He has published over 60 refereed papers in international journals and is well known for his many short courses on mineral exploration to international audiences worldwide. Bruce has been a member of the editorial boards of both Mineralium Deposita and Economic Geology, and he has been guest editor of numerous Special Issues of Economic Geology focusing on VHMS and epithermal ore deposits. Daniel J. Kontak is Associate Professor of Economic Geology at Laurentian University. He obtained a B.Sc. at St. Francis Xavier University in Nova Scotia and studied the metallogeny of uranium in the Central Mineral Belt of Labrador for his M.Sc. (1980) at the University of Alberta. He completed a Ph.D. at Queen's University in 1985 on the metallogeny of granite-related mineral deposits in the Andes. From 1986 to 2006, Prof. Kontak was the leading economic geologist with the Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources, where he worked on a variety of mineral resource projects, including granite Sn-W-Ta-base metals, pegmatite Ta-Li, metamorphic and intrusion related Au, VHMS, porphyry Cu-Mo-Au, carbonate Zn-Pb-Ba, and industrial minerals (barite, zeolites). Dan is a leading mineralogist and expert on the origins of ore-forming fluids in a wide variety of hydrothermal systems, specializing in the full range of sophisticated analytical techniques for the characterization of ore fluids. He joined the faculty of Laurentian University in January 2006 and serves in many roles in the geoscience community in Canada, including Past President of the Mineralogical Association of Canada.

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Modular Course in Hydrothermal Ore Deposits

Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ottawa 14-21 February, 2009

Schedule and Course Details Course Schedule: Feb 14 & 15 Porphyry Cu-Mo-Au Systems (Jeremy Richards) Feb 16 & 17 World Skarn Deposits (Larry Meinert) Feb 18 & 19 Epithermal Au-Ag Vein Systems (Bruce Gemmell) Feb 20 & 21 Fluid Reservoirs in Complex Ore-forming Systems (Dan Kontak) Prerequisites: Advanced undergraduate level (3rd or 4th-year) courses in geochemistry, petrology and ore deposits are strongly recommended. For students without prerequisites, permission from the course administrator is required (icsr@uottawa.ca). Course Materials: A complete set of course notes and related reading material will be provided for each session of the course. These will form the basis for problem sets, practical exercises, and a final take-home exam. Course Format and Evaluation: Students registered in the course will be evaluated on the basis of problem sets/exercises administered at the end of each day (60% of the final mark) and a final take-home exam based on lecture materials and reading related to the course (40% of the final mark). Time will be allocated at the end of each day to discuss materials presented in the class, examine sample suites where available, and assist with problem sets. The take-home exam will be due 1 week after the end of the course (February 28, 2009). Professional Development: The course is applicable toward continuing education and professional development requirements for Professional Registration. Costs: Fees for students will be $30 per session ($50 after January 1, 2009). Fees for professional participants are $300 per session ($350 after January 1, 2009). No refunds will be granted after January 1. Fees will cover the costs of course notes and lunches. No additional university fees will be charged to professional registrants.

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Registration: Registration begins October 15, 2008. Please contact Sandra Sheperd, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ottawa, Marion Hall, Room 208, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Tel: +1 (613) 562-5800 x6337, Fax: +1 (613) 562-5848, Email: icsr@uottawa.ca. Payment forms also can be obtained from http://www.earth.uottawa.ca/short_course.html. Graduate Student Credit and Registration: This course will correspond to University of Ottawa GEO 5302 and Laurentian University GEOL 5607 (3 credits). Students from any university are eligible to take the course and may receive credit in their respective institutions, subject to approval from their home Department. Students enrolled at ONTARIO universities wishing to transfer credit for this course to their home institution must complete an Ontario Visiting Graduate Student form available from http://ocgs.cou.on.ca/_bin/home/ovgs.cfm. For instructions on submission of this form, please contact the course coordinator, Sandra Sheperd, Tel: +1 (613) 562-5800 x6337, Fax: +1 (613) 562-5848, Email: icsr@uottawa.ca. Students at NON-ONTARIO universities (Canadian and non-Canadian) wishing to receive an official transcript from the University of Ottawa must be admitted to the University of Ottawa as Special Students and registered Part-Time. Please contact the Office of Admissions for application forms and instructions. All students will receive a letter from the course instructor indicating successful completion of the course and a course mark, where appropriate. However, only those students registered with the Ontario Visiting Graduate Student Program or as part-time students at the University of Ottawa will receive an official transcript. Other students are encouraged to discuss obtaining credit for this course with their home Departments. Location and Services: Lectures and workshops/laboratories will be held in the Desmarais Building and in Marion Hall (Department of Earth Sciences) on the University of Ottawa Campus. After-hours sessions will be held in Marion Hall. Information on local accommodations is available from icsr@uottawa.ca and will be posted at http://www.earth.uottawa.ca/short_course.html. Surface and underground pay parking is available on the campus. The course has been scheduled during Reading Week, so some services may not be available. Additional information will be posted at http://www.earth.uottawa.ca/short_course.html or may be obtained by contacting icsr@uottawa.ca

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Modular Course in Hydrothermal Ore Deposits

Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ottawa

14-21 February, 2009

Sponsors The "Modular Courses in Hydrothermal Ore Deposits" are co-sponsored by the Mineral Exploration Research Centre of Laurentian University and the Department of Earth Sciences at University of Ottawa, as part of a Graduate Teaching Network in Minerals Geoscience. Direct financial and in-kind support for the courses has been provided by: Laurentian University University of Ottawa Mineral Exploration Research Centre (LU) Canadian Shield Research (UO) Natural Resources Canada Society of Economic Geologists Goldcorp Inc.

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Modular Course in Hydrothermal Ore Deposits

Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ottawa 14-21 February, 2009

Accommodation/Venue

Venue: The lectures and exercises will be held on the University of Ottawa Campus at the following locations (please check the timetable and the campus map). Introduction and Lectures will be held in Desmarais Hall (Room 1120, Ground Floor) 55 Laurier Ave East, at the corner of Waller and Laurier. Labs will be conducted at the Department of Earth Sciences (Marion Hall, Room 127). Parking: Parking is limited on campus and in downtown Ottawa. Pay-and-Display parking is available at a number of locations throughout the University campus, at a cost of approximately $12/day, as is metered parking (more expensive). Underground parking is available in Brooks Garage. Covered parking is also available at the Mann Sports Complex (pay and display). Please see the attached map. http://www.protection.uottawa.ca/en/occpark.html Accommodation: Participants must arrange their own accommodations. Winterlude is from Feb. 6 to 22, 2009. This event brings many tourists to Ottawa and will affect price and availability. It is recommended that you reserve your rooms as soon as possible. The following hotels, which are within easy walking distance from the course location at Desmarais Hall, will offer special rates for people attending the course. Please check directly with the hotel. Be sure to mention that you are taking the course at the University of Ottawa. These rates are only in effect until 45 to 30 days before the course begins, depending upon the hotel. It is advisable to book before the end of December. 1. AROSA SUITES HOTEL. 163 MacLaren Street, Ottawa, ON K2P 2G4. Tel: 613-238-6783

or 1-866-238-6783. http://www.arosahotel.com/ Across the new pedestrian bridge at Somerset St. over the canal. Modern 1 bedroom apartment, pull-out sofa, cooking facilities. Rates: $94.00/night for a single, $99.00/night for two people if additional sofa bed required Cancellation 30 days before the arrival date.

2. HOLIDAY INN HOTEL & SUITES. 111 Cooper Street, Ottawa, ON K2P 2E3. Tel: 613-238-1331 or 1-800-267-8378. http://www.hiottawa.ca/ Special Rate Reference: University of Ottawa. Group code A1Y Rates: $129.00/night for single, $139.00/double, $149.00/triple, $159.00/quad

3. NOVOTEL OTTAWA HOTEL. 33 Nicholas Street, Ottawa, ON K1N 9M7. Tel: 613-230-3033 or 1-800- 668-6835 http://www.novotelottawa.com/home/novotelottawahotels.shtm

Rate: $129/ night for Novation King. Special Rate Reference: University of Ottawa – Earth Sciences Department. Booking Code: 14867

4. CARTIER PLACE SUITE HOTEL. 180 Cooper Street, Ottawa, ON K2P 2L5. Tel: 613-236-5000 ext. 3129 or 1-800-236-8399 http://www.suitedreams.com/ Special Rate Reference: Univ. of Ottawa, Earth Sciences Dept. Rates: $119.00/night for queen, $129.00 for 2 double beds, $169.00 for quad. All suites have double pull out sofa bed, full kitchen and living/dining room

5. CAPITAL HILL HOTEL & SUITES. 88 Albert Street, Ottawa, ON K1P 5E9. Tel: 613-235-1413 or 1-800-463-7705. http://www.capitalhill.com/ Special Rate Reference: Ottawa U Short Course Rates: $99.00/night for double room

6. MCGEE'S INN. 185 Daly Avenue Ottawa, ON K1N 6E8. Tel: 613- 237-6089 or 1-800-262-4337. http://www.mcgeesinn.com/e/rooms.htm Special Rate Reference: Ottawa U Earth Science Graduate Course Rates: $108/single occupancy to $198/suite/double occupancy, full breakfast and parking included.

7. BYWARD BLUE INN. 157 Clarence Street, Ottawa, ON K1N 5P7. Tel: 613-241-2695 or 1-800-620-8810. http://www.bywardblueinn.com/index.html Rates: $89.00/night Sunday to Thursday, $119.00/night Friday and Saturday, single or double. Check with Hotel for special $10 rebate for Feb. 14 and 20.

Other accommodations in the immediate area: University of Ottawa Residence, Stanton Residence, 100 University St. Tel: 613-564-5440 or 1-888-564-4545. Email: reserve@uottawa.ca, www.ottawaresidences.com. Check, rooms may be available. Suites include bathroom, TV, microwave. Gasthaus Switzerland Bed and Breakfast Inn, 89 Daly Avenue. Tel: 613-237-0335 or 1-888-663-0000. Email: info@ottawainn.com, www.ottawainn.com Lord Elgin Hotel (across the Laurier Street bridge), 100 Elgin Street. Tel: 613-235-3333 or 1-800-267-4298, Email: www.lordelginhotel.ca Les Suites (next to the Novotel), 130 Besserer Street, Tel: 1-866-682-0879 www.les-suites.com/ottawa-hotels Embassy Suites (across the canal at the Somerset pedestrian bridge), 25 Cartier Street. Tel: 613-237-2111 or 1-800-661-5495 www.embassyhotelottawa.com

Travel Information Airport: The Ottawa International Airport is located south of Ottawa. OCTranspo #97 for $3 can be taken to the Ottawa University Campus stop (outside the Earth Science Department Building, Marion Building). Airport to Hotel Shuttle service is also available for approximately $27. The following car rental agencies are located at the Ottawa International Airport: Avis (613- 739-3334), Budget (613-521-4844), Enterprise (613-248-0005), Hertz (613-521-3332), National Alamo (613-737-7023). Train: The ViaRail train station is located a short distance (4 km) from the University Campus at 200 Tremblay Road (Queensway Hwy417 to Vanier Parkway Exit #117). Regular service is available from Montreal, Kingston, and Toronto www.viarail.ca Voyageur/Greyhound Bus: The Ottawa bus terminal is located at 265 Catherine Street (near Catherine and Bank). Web: www.greyhound.ca City Bus Service: Ottawa is serviced by OCTranspo. Web: http://www.octranspo.com/. Bus tickets are $3. The Department of Earth Sciences is located at the Campus transit station and Demarais Hall is at the Laurier transit station. Routes 95 and 96 travel East-West across the city; Route 97 travels south to Ottawa International Airport.

Winterlude!Pull on your hat and mitts and come play outside at North America’s greatest winter celebration!

Weekends, February 6 to 22, 2009 Ottawa — Gatineau

Explosive rhythms under a winter sky! American Express® Snowbowl at Rideau Canal Skateway — Rideau StreetThe official launch site for Winterlude and for the 150th anniversary celebrations of Ottawa’s selection as the capital, American Express Snowbowl features talented Canadian artists and exciting visual effects.

The world’s largest skating rink! Rideau Canal SkatewayThe Rideau Canal is celebrating 175 years of history! Grab your skates and get ready for pure enjoyment! First Nations Village of Traditions * Outdoor displays * Figure skating, concerts — and more!

A polar world in glittering ice! Casino du Lac-Leamy Crystal Garden at Confederation ParkAn icy world of wonder at the Casino du Lac-Leamy Crystal Garden! * The 20th International Ice-Carving Competition * A friendly competition between international master ice carvers * Crystalline ice displays and the ice reproduction of the Vimy Memorial * Lectures on the polar world in the Crystal Lounge * Inuit culture interpretation activities * The Sun Life Ice Café at the Festival Plaza at Ottawa City Hall, across from Confederation Park