Mongolian Vocabulary

5/02/11 Pd 2/7

Key ?: What allowed the Mongols to develop a strong

empire?

Warm up: Put last weeks KQAs into your folder. Put your Postcard into your folder. What is a proclamation?

Work to do: Review Mongol vocabulary Check 5 Characteristics of a Civilization for

China prior to the Yuan Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty

Complete Mongol Postcard

Steppe – a dry, grassy _______plainplain

Clan – a _____ of families that come from a common _______

group

ancestor

Could our class be a clan?

Khan – a Mongol ________leader

Genghis Khan and Kublai Khan are the most famous khan’s in history. Based on what you learned yesterday, who do you think was the better leader?

Allegiance – loyal _______ for someone or something

support

Mongol warriors would fight based upon their social bonds – each family would swear allegiance to a clan.

Reform – to _____ to make it better

Kublai Khan, Genghis Khan’s grandson will reform the Mongolian government.

One of these changes will be to add a postal system.

change

Mongolian Stamps

Content sentence:

Kublai Khan reformed his government when he created a postal system.

Heirs – people who have claims to

another ________ when that person diesproperty

Upon Genghis Khan’s death, his four sons inherited a part of the empire and each ruled a khanate. His son, Ogodei was then elected to be the Great Khan for the empire.

Kinship – related by _____ or shared background

blood

Kinship was very important to the Mongols because the clan membership was based upon the family bloodlines. Each clan could trace its descent from their ancestors. This would have been important not only for the functioning of the clan itself but also important for marriage purposes.

Reputation – how someone is ________ of by others

thought

Reputation was very important in Mongolian culture. If the reputation of a leader was good, men would swear allegiance to him (noker). Mongolian warriors will become renowned for their exceptional fighting ability and the use of their weapons on horseback. Genghis Khan is reported to have said, “Man’s highest joy is in victory: to conquer one’s enemies.” Statements like this as well as their ability on the battlefield gave them a fearsome reputation throughout Asia.

What are the 5 Characteristics of a Civilization? Stable food supply Specialization of labor Social levels System of government Highly developed culture

Work to do: Use your notes to identify evidence of the

5 Characteristics of a Civilization for China Use the AtC pp 162-169 and your notes to

find evidence of the 5 Characteristics of a Civilization for the Yuan Dynasty What was the Yuan Dynasty? It is the dynasty under the Mongols.

China – Characteristic 1: Evidence: Stable food supply Agricultural

techniques Chain pump moves

water Harrow tills ground Rice paddies used for

transplanting Water buffalo used to

pull the plow

China – Characteristic 2: Evidence: Specialization of labor Scholars teaching in

university Chancellor advises the

emperor Merchant Book makers

China – Characteristic 3: Evidence: Social Levels Emperor (dynastic family)

Chancellor Government official Scholars Merchants Peasants

Tang AristocracySong Meritocracy

China – Characteristic 4: Evidence: System of

Government Imperial emperor

makes proclamations (laws)

Tang: aristocracy Song: meritocracy

China – Characteristic 5: Evidence: Highly developed

culture Daoism Buddhism Confucianism Written language (civil

service exam)

Yuan Dynasty – Mongols: Characteristic 1: Evidence: Stable food supply Nomadic herders

Trade excess mares milk

Yuan Dynasty – Mongols: Characteristic 2: Evidence: Specialization of labor Yurt maker

Felt maker Craftsmen – boots,

buttons

Yuan Dynasty – Mongols: Characteristic 3: Evidence: Social levels Khan (self-proclaimed emperor)

Chosen family members act as advisors

Government officials Merchants Scholars North Chinese South Chinese

1. Family members2. Mongols3. Foreigners

Yuan Dynasty – Mongols: Characteristic 4: Evidence: System of government Khan made strict laws

Nepotism used to select government officials

Civil service exam favors Mongols

Systematic army organization using a chain of command

Yuan Dynasty – Mongols: Characteristic 5: Evidence: Highly developed

culture Chinese war prisoner

develops written language

Specialized architecture – Yurts on wheels

Homework: Project due 5/6 – you will have time to

work on it tomorrow in class Read AtC pp 209-215 for your project Postcard due 5/3 Open book test 5/4