Monocots and Eudicots (Dicots)

…the most abundant vascular plants

Monocots and Eudicots (Dicots)

…the most abundant vascular plants

Classification of Plants Kingdom

- Subkingdom

- Division

Class

Order

PLANTS

Bryophytes (non-vascular) Mosses, liverworts, hornworts

Tracheophytes vascular

has xylem and phloem

Text pg 544

Tracheophytes – Vascular plants “Roots and Shoots”

Above ground = shoots Under ground = roots

Three tissue types Dermal tissues Vascular tissues Ground tissues

Major organs (non-reproductive) Leaf Stem Root

PLANTS

Tracheophytes vascular

has xylem and phloem

Tracheophytes – Vascular plants “Roots and Shoots”

Above ground = shoots Under ground = roots

Three tissue types Dermal tissues Vascular tissues Ground tissues

Major organs (non-reproductive) Leaf Stem Root

Meristemic Tissue – only regions where cells divide repeatedly by mitosis (sites of growth)

Tissue Description Function

apical meristem at root and shoot tips primary growth – increases in LENGTH

lateral meristem cylinders of tissue within roots and stems

secondary growth – increases in diameter

Dermal – a plants skin (protective)

Tissue Description Function

Epidermis -outermost cell layer in primary growth regions

Produces waxy cuticle – prevents water loss and infection, restricts gas exchange

Periderm -outside layer at sites experiencing secondary growth-replaces epidermis-often multiple cell layers

Waterproofs roots and stems, protects inner tissues from structural damage

Ground – all the internal nonvascular regions

Tissue Description Function

Parenchyma Spherical, thin-celled walls with large vacuoles

-Storage of nutrients, carbs (sugars and starches) and water-heals wounds, regenerates plant parts

Collenchyma Long cells with thickened cell walls -strength-supports primary growth regions-flexibility to withstand wind

Sclerenchyma -very thick secondary cell wall of cellulose and lignin-long cells

-Strength and rigidity

Vascular – a plant’s circulatory system (transport)

Tissue Description Function

Xylem -tracheids long, tapered, thick-walled cells with overlapping ends and pits (unthickened areas) on cell walls-vessel elements – short, large diameter thick walled cells with open ends; stacked like barrels to make vessels

Transports water and dissolved minerals, usually upward from roots to leaves

Vascular – a plant’s circulatory system (transport)

Tissue Description Function

Phloem Sieve tube elements – long thin cells with tiny holes at the sloping ends (a sieve), and pits along side alls; no nucleus, ribosomes, Golgi, vacuoles, stacked to form sieve tubes

-transports food (sugars etc) from leaves to the plant bodyCompanion cells: direct sieve tubes

Classification of Plants Kingdom

- Subkingdom

- Division

Class

Order

PLANTS

Bryophytes (non-vascular) Mosses, liverworts, hornworts

Tracheophytes vascular

has xylem and phloem

Spore producing (ferns)

Seed producing

Gymnosperms (cone bearing)

Angiosperms (seed

enclosed flowering plants)

Lycophytes (club mosses)

Other early angiosperms

Nymphaeales

Amborellales Monocotyledons (1/4 of all angiosperms)

Text pg 544

Eudicotyledons(2/3 of all angiosperms)

Dicots

Dicots

Dicots

Dicots

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/Dicots

Actual pictures:

http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Leaf Venation

Eudicots (Dicots)

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/Dicots

Actual pictures:

http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Leaf Venation

Eudicots (Dicots)

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/Dicots

Actual pictures:

http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Leaf Venation

Eudicots (Dicots)

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/Dicots

Actual pictures:

http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Leaf Venation

Eudicots (Dicots)

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/Dicots

Actual pictures:

http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Leaf Venation

Eudicots (Dicots)

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/Dicots

Actual pictures:

http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Leaf Venation

Eudicots (Dicots)

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/Dicots

Actual pictures:

http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Leaf Venation

Eudicots (Dicots)

Practice Problems (HomeFUN!) Prep for this unit

Questions 1-10 and 12 page 538-539 Section 12.1

Read pages 540-545 Answer 1-4 and 6

Section 13.5 Read pages 605-607 Questions 1,2,4 page 612