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MOTIVATIONS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF SETTLEMENT
The Regions of Colonial English North America
Objectives
Today we will be able to identify the specific motivations for the settlement of the different colonial regions of North America and the characteristics of those regions.
Escaping Religious Persecution
Puritans were people who felt that the Anglican Church was too much like the Catholic Church.
A group of Puritans, called the Pilgrims, were persecuted because of their beliefs.
Pilgrims were separatists who wanted to leave the Anglican Church
They came to North America to escape religious persecution.
The Pilgrims Land at Plymouth
This group of Pilgrims landed in 1620 and created the second permanent English settlement in North America.
In 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Company was chartered.
Between 1630-1640, 20,000 people went to the Massachusetts Bay Colony of New England
A “City Upon A Hill”
The Puritans believed they had a special agreement with God.
Their part was to create a moral society, which would provide a beacon for others to follow.
This “city” would be the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Taxes went to support the Puritan Church There was no separation of
church and state.
Religious Dissent in the Puritan Community
Some Colonists believed that forced religion was wrong.
Dissenters were Rodger Williams and Ann Hutchinson.
Rodger Williams founded Rhode Island, which guaranteed freedom of religion. He believed native Americans
should be compensated for their land
He believed in freedom of religion
Anne Hutchinson was banished from Massachusetts as well. She believed that Christians did
not need clergy to worship
The Development of the Middle Colonies of North America
New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvania
New Netherland
In 1621 the Dutch founded a colony just south of New England and called it New Netherland.
The capital was a port city at the mouth of the Hudson River called New Amsterdam.
The colony emphasized its fur trade, but most people migrated there for its religious and ethnic tolerance.
The English Take Over New Netherland
The English viewed New Netherland as a wedge separating its northern and southern colonies.
In 1664, King Charles the II granted the Duke of York to drive out the Dutch, which he did without firing a shot.
The Duke of York named it New York.
He gave a southern portion to his friends and they named it New Jersey.
The Quakers Settle Pennsylvania
To pay a debt, King Charles II gave William Penn a large amount of property that he called Pennsylvania or “Penn’s Woods”.
Penn then acquired land from the Duke of York, which he named Delaware in 1682.
Penn saw his colony as a “holy experiment” where Quakers could live keeping with their ideals of fairness and peace.
He established the “City of Brotherly Love”, or Philadelphia.
Pennsylvania had friendly relations with Natives.
The Agricultural South
The Southern Colonies had fertile soil and a climate well suited for a farming society. Jamestown
The South consisted of large plantations which were nearly self-sufficient.
They relied on slave labor
Women and slaves had virtually no rights.
