Standards 1-3Standards 1-3

Colonial Colonial AmericaAmerica

European SettlementEuropean Settlement

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Pre-Historic SettlementPre-Historic Settlement

First inhabitants of North America First inhabitants of North America migrated from Asia, probably across migrated from Asia, probably across a land bridge between Siberia and a land bridge between Siberia and Alaska during the last Ice AgeAlaska during the last Ice Age

These societies developed; some These societies developed; some even established sophisticated even established sophisticated civilizations; some were nomadic civilizations; some were nomadic hunter gatherershunter gatherers

Bering Strait Land Bridge

First Europeans ArriveFirst Europeans Arrive

1515thth and 16 and 16thth Centuries saw Centuries saw Europeans establishing colonies.Europeans establishing colonies.

Colonies – territories established by Colonies – territories established by the government in a foreign land.the government in a foreign land.

The three countries that had the The three countries that had the most colonies were Spain, France, most colonies were Spain, France, and Great Britain.and Great Britain.

Spain New World EmpireSpain New World Empire

The Spanish were the first to arrive The Spanish were the first to arrive and establish strong colonies.and establish strong colonies.

They dominated much of South They dominated much of South America, modern-day Mexico, and America, modern-day Mexico, and what eventually becomes the U.S. what eventually becomes the U.S. Southwest, Florida, and parts of Southwest, Florida, and parts of Georgia.Georgia.

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France Goes Hunting!France Goes Hunting!

France took advantage of the inland France took advantage of the inland waterways and rivers to control parts waterways and rivers to control parts of the interior.of the interior.

France focused on the fur trading France focused on the fur trading business through trapping themselves business through trapping themselves and trading with the Native Americans.and trading with the Native Americans.

Native Americans and French Trappers Native Americans and French Trappers came to rely on one another for came to rely on one another for commercecommerce

QuebecQuebec France’s first France’s first successful colony in successful colony in North America North America established in 1608.established in 1608.

The colony rested The colony rested high on the banks of high on the banks of the St. Lawrence the St. Lawrence River; excellent River; excellent location for carrying location for carrying out fur trading and out fur trading and establishing more establishing more colonies.colonies.

Good Military positionGood Military position

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Jamestown, VirginiaJamestown, Virginia

First successful British Colony in First successful British Colony in North America founded in 1607North America founded in 1607

A joint-stock company, the Virginia A joint-stock company, the Virginia Company sponsored the colony to Company sponsored the colony to make money off raw materials and make money off raw materials and products.products.

New settlers came to get rich and New settlers came to get rich and obtain land.obtain land.

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Jamestown, VirginiaJamestown, Virginia

Colonists were not used to manual labor that Colonists were not used to manual labor that was needed to build a colony.was needed to build a colony.

Most wanted to search for gold to get rich Most wanted to search for gold to get rich quick, instead of raising crops to support quick, instead of raising crops to support colony.colony.

Jamestown was built in a swampy area – prone Jamestown was built in a swampy area – prone to infectious diseases, not good for agriculture.to infectious diseases, not good for agriculture.

Many died from sickness, starvation, and cold Many died from sickness, starvation, and cold winters.winters.

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Jamestown, VirginiaJamestown, Virginia

John Rolfe saved the colony by introducing a John Rolfe saved the colony by introducing a new crop: tobacco!new crop: tobacco!

England was not happy about the crop England was not happy about the crop because of its association with corrupt because of its association with corrupt behaviorbehavior

Crop proved to be very profitable for growersCrop proved to be very profitable for growers To attract more settlers, Virginia instituted To attract more settlers, Virginia instituted

the the headrightheadright system. system. This promised 50 acres of land to those who This promised 50 acres of land to those who

settled in the colony.settled in the colony.

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Virginians and Native Virginians and Native AmericansAmericans

Most Native Americans lived under a tribal Most Native Americans lived under a tribal confederation (loose alliance) led by Chief confederation (loose alliance) led by Chief Powhatan.Powhatan.

Hostility broke out when 200 Natives Hostility broke out when 200 Natives attacked the settlement; colonists repelled attacked the settlement; colonists repelled the attack and negotiated a peace.the attack and negotiated a peace.

Powhatan kept a close eye on settlers, Powhatan kept a close eye on settlers, hoping to establish trade with them, but hoping to establish trade with them, but weary of their true intentions.weary of their true intentions.

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Virginians and Native Virginians and Native AmericansAmericans

The colony would not have survived its The colony would not have survived its first winter had Natives not given them first winter had Natives not given them food.food.

Relations were tense; Native Americans Relations were tense; Native Americans and colonists were both killed in attacks and colonists were both killed in attacks

1644 – Indian leader, Opechancanough, 1644 – Indian leader, Opechancanough, attacked but he was killed – colonists were attacked but he was killed – colonists were now in firm control of the colony.now in firm control of the colony.

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Virginia’s Social StructureVirginia’s Social Structure

Most colonial Americans accepted Most colonial Americans accepted class distinctions.class distinctions.

Wealthy landowners exercised most Wealthy landowners exercised most of the power in each colony.of the power in each colony.

In Virginia, society eventually In Virginia, society eventually became divided between large became divided between large landowners, poor farmers, landowners, poor farmers, indentured servants and slaves.indentured servants and slaves.

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Indentured ServantsIndentured Servants

People who could not afford to come People who could not afford to come to North America on their own.to North America on their own.

They agreed to work for a landowner They agreed to work for a landowner for up to seven years in exchange for for up to seven years in exchange for the landowner paying for their trip.the landowner paying for their trip.

Once the indentured servants served Once the indentured servants served their seven years, they became small their seven years, they became small landowners.landowners.

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Virginia’s Social StructureVirginia’s Social Structure

As the population of small landowners As the population of small landowners increased, settlement pushed farther increased, settlement pushed farther west.west.

Poor farmers in western Virginia Poor farmers in western Virginia experienced conflicts with the Nativesexperienced conflicts with the Natives

They became impatient with the They became impatient with the Governor in Jamestown, who favored Governor in Jamestown, who favored the rich and did not do enough to the rich and did not do enough to protect western Virginians.protect western Virginians.

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Bacon’s RebellionBacon’s Rebellion In 1676, this tension led to In 1676, this tension led to

an armed conflict known as an armed conflict known as Bacon’s Rebellion.Bacon’s Rebellion.

Nathaniel Bacon, a Virginia Nathaniel Bacon, a Virginia Planter and wealth Planter and wealth aristocrat, rallied forces to aristocrat, rallied forces to fight Native Americans on fight Native Americans on the Virginia frontier.the Virginia frontier.

The Governor condemned The Governor condemned his actions, so Bacon turned his actions, so Bacon turned his forces on Jamestown.his forces on Jamestown.

The governor was forced to The governor was forced to flee and Bacon’s men flee and Bacon’s men burned Jamestown to the burned Jamestown to the ground.ground.

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Bacon’s RebellionBacon’s Rebellion

Bacon suddenly died – ending his rebellionBacon suddenly died – ending his rebellion Uprising showed that colonists expected a Uprising showed that colonists expected a

government that served everyone.government that served everyone. Wealthy realized the discontent among Wealthy realized the discontent among

the poor farmers – planters turned away the poor farmers – planters turned away from indentured servants as labor.from indentured servants as labor.

Planters turned to another source of labor Planters turned to another source of labor – slavery!– slavery!

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Slavery in VirginiaSlavery in Virginia

Slavery is a system in which people are Slavery is a system in which people are owed as property.owed as property.

First African slaves arrived in Jamestown in First African slaves arrived in Jamestown in 1619.1619.

The institution of slavery helped to The institution of slavery helped to establish the plantation system in Virginia establish the plantation system in Virginia and throughout the southern colonies.and throughout the southern colonies.

hippocampushippocampus

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Virginia’s GovernmentVirginia’s Government

salutary neglect.- salutary neglect.- the English the English government let the colonists govern government let the colonists govern themselves.themselves.

The colonies established representative The colonies established representative governmentsgovernments -House of Burgesses -House of Burgesses

governors appointed by the crown governors appointed by the crown were in charge- but were in charge- but House of Burgesses House of Burgesses was most powerfulwas most powerful

Practice 1.1Practice 1.1Pg 29Pg 29

The ColoniesThe Colonies

Royal Colonies- governed by the King Royal Colonies- governed by the King through an appointed royal governor.through an appointed royal governor.

Proprietary colonies- a charter from the Proprietary colonies- a charter from the King to a group of people.- Pennsylvania King to a group of people.- Pennsylvania

Charter colonies were granted a charter by Charter colonies were granted a charter by the King for the purpose of establishing a the King for the purpose of establishing a government. - Georgiagovernment. - Georgia

Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies

MarylandMaryland VirginiaVirginia North CarolinaNorth Carolina South CarolinaSouth Carolina GeorgiaGeorgia

Southern Colonial SocietySouthern Colonial Society

Great Britain established the southern colonies Great Britain established the southern colonies for economic reasons rather that religious.for economic reasons rather that religious.

Maryland was started as a refuge for Catholics.Maryland was started as a refuge for Catholics. The Gentry remained a part of the Church of The Gentry remained a part of the Church of

England because it was in their economic and England because it was in their economic and political interestpolitical interest

Methodist and Baptist over time became Methodist and Baptist over time became common among the poorer southerners.common among the poorer southerners.

Southern Colonial EconomySouthern Colonial Economy

Tobacco became very popular in Tobacco became very popular in Europe and became an important Europe and became an important cash crop for Virginia, North Carolina, cash crop for Virginia, North Carolina, and Maryland.and Maryland.

South Carolina and Georgia made South Carolina and Georgia made rice and indigo important cash crops.rice and indigo important cash crops.

Southern colonies also produced tar, Southern colonies also produced tar, pitch, and turpentine from the pitch, and turpentine from the abundant pine forest.abundant pine forest.

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Middle ColoniesMiddle Colonies

New YorkNew York New JerseyNew Jersey PennsylvaniaPennsylvania DelawareDelaware

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Middle ColoniesMiddle Colonies

Located between New England and Located between New England and the Southern Colonies.the Southern Colonies.

The middle colonies were more The middle colonies were more culturally diverse because of their culturally diverse because of their location, the degree of religious location, the degree of religious tolerance, and the fact that other tolerance, and the fact that other countries (Sweden, Dutch) had countries (Sweden, Dutch) had originally settled them before England.originally settled them before England.

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Diversity in the Middle Diversity in the Middle ColoniesColonies

William Penn founded Pennsylvania as a William Penn founded Pennsylvania as a homeland for the Quakers.homeland for the Quakers.

Quakers did not recognize class differences, Quakers did not recognize class differences, promoted equality of the sexes, practiced promoted equality of the sexes, practiced pacifism (non-violence) and sought to deal pacifism (non-violence) and sought to deal fairly with Native Americans.fairly with Native Americans.

Pennsylvania was a place of religious Pennsylvania was a place of religious tolerance – attracting many different tolerance – attracting many different denominations.denominations.

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New Amsterdam to New New Amsterdam to New YorkYork

The area we know as New York was originally The area we know as New York was originally settled by the Dutch, which they named New settled by the Dutch, which they named New Netherland.Netherland.

1625, they established a trading post at the 1625, they established a trading post at the mouth of the Hudson River – New Amsterdammouth of the Hudson River – New Amsterdam

They traded furs, local goods, and They traded furs, local goods, and agricultural products with Europe and the agricultural products with Europe and the other colonies.other colonies.

New Amsterdam became a key port.New Amsterdam became a key port.

New Amsterdam to New New Amsterdam to New YorkYork

England declared the region under England declared the region under the rule of the king’s brother, the the rule of the king’s brother, the Duke of York.Duke of York.

New Amsterdam surrendered and New Amsterdam surrendered and was immediately renamed New York was immediately renamed New York in 1664in 1664

The entire colony quickly came under The entire colony quickly came under the control of the British.the control of the British.

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New England ColoniesNew England Colonies

MassachusettsMassachusetts New HampshireNew Hampshire Rhode IslandRhode Island ConnecticutConnecticut

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PuritansPuritans

Puritans wanted to build a community built Puritans wanted to build a community built solely on “pure Biblical teaching” rather solely on “pure Biblical teaching” rather than Anglican traditions.than Anglican traditions.

1620, Puritans established the Plymouth, 1620, Puritans established the Plymouth, Massachusetts Colony.Massachusetts Colony.

These Puritans became known as the These Puritans became known as the Pilgrims and celebrated the first Pilgrims and celebrated the first Thanksgiving in 1621Thanksgiving in 1621

Another group settled further north and Another group settled further north and established the Massachusetts Bay Colonyestablished the Massachusetts Bay Colony

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New England Colonial New England Colonial EconomyEconomy

NE Colonies relied heavily on the Atlantic NE Colonies relied heavily on the Atlantic Ocean.Ocean.

Shipbuilding, trade, and fishing became Shipbuilding, trade, and fishing became leading industries in the region.leading industries in the region.

New Englanders traded English Goods for New Englanders traded English Goods for West Indian products, slaves, etc.West Indian products, slaves, etc.

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New England EducationNew England Education

Puritans believed that everyone should be able to Puritans believed that everyone should be able to read the Bibleread the Bible

They were the first to promote public education.They were the first to promote public education. 1647, Massachusetts required all towns with 50+ 1647, Massachusetts required all towns with 50+

families to have a public school.families to have a public school. Harvard (1636) and Yale (1701) were founded to Harvard (1636) and Yale (1701) were founded to

train ministers.train ministers.

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New England GovernmentNew England Government

Mayflower Compact.(1620)Mayflower Compact.(1620) It established an elected legislatureIt established an elected legislature

Town Hall Meetings- Local citizens Town Hall Meetings- Local citizens met together to discuss and vote on met together to discuss and vote on issues.issues.

The Puritans still believed that The Puritans still believed that government should seek to enforce government should seek to enforce the will of God.the will of God.

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Religion and DissentReligion and Dissent

The Puritan Church was a central The Puritan Church was a central part of life in New England.part of life in New England.

Every settler in Massachusetts had to Every settler in Massachusetts had to attend and support the Puritan attend and support the Puritan Church.Church.

Dissenters were often banished from Dissenters were often banished from the colony.the colony.

Roger Williams & Anne HutchinsonRoger Williams & Anne Hutchinson

Disagreed with Puritan Disagreed with Puritan Church leadersChurch leaders

Proponent of separation of Proponent of separation of Church and State; that Church and State; that every individual should be every individual should be free to follow his own free to follow his own convictions in religious convictions in religious matters matters

Founded Rhode Island Founded Rhode Island ColonyColony

Disagreed with Puritan Disagreed with Puritan leaders; felt that women leaders; felt that women could discern the will of could discern the will of God.God.

Banished from colony for Banished from colony for teaching a Bible study to teaching a Bible study to men and women.men and women.

Resettled in Rhode IslandResettled in Rhode Island She and her family were She and her family were

killed by Native Americans.killed by Native Americans.

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Thomas HookerThomas Hooker

thought that any adult male who owned thought that any adult male who owned property should be able to vote and property should be able to vote and participate in civil government, regardless participate in civil government, regardless of church membership. of church membership.

Left Massachusetts to found the new Left Massachusetts to found the new English settlement at Hartford, English settlement at Hartford, Connecticut. Connecticut.

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Unrest Takes it’s TollUnrest Takes it’s Toll

The colony lost its charter in 1684The colony lost its charter in 1684 Massachusetts was made a Royal Massachusetts was made a Royal

Colony in 1691; established a Colony in 1691; established a representative legislaturerepresentative legislature

Abolished the requirement that every Abolished the requirement that every member must be a member of the member must be a member of the Church.Church.

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Salem Witch TrialsSalem Witch Trials

1692, the commitment to Puritan faith 1692, the commitment to Puritan faith resulted in a dark episode in American resulted in a dark episode in American history – the Salem Witch Trials.history – the Salem Witch Trials.

Claiming to have been possessed by the Claiming to have been possessed by the devil, several young girls accused devil, several young girls accused townspeople of being witches.townspeople of being witches.

14 Women & 5 men were hanged; one was 14 Women & 5 men were hanged; one was crushed to death for refusing to plead; crushed to death for refusing to plead; others died in prison.others died in prison.

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New Englanders and New Englanders and Native AmericansNative Americans

Relations were peaceful at first; Natives Relations were peaceful at first; Natives taught the Pilgrims how to grow corn that taught the Pilgrims how to grow corn that helped them survive the harsh winters.helped them survive the harsh winters.

A series of wars broke out that pushed the A series of wars broke out that pushed the Natives off lands they had lived on for Natives off lands they had lived on for generationsgenerations

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King Phillip’s WarKing Phillip’s War

1675, King Phillip (Native American name was 1675, King Phillip (Native American name was Metacom) united the tribes to fight the settlersMetacom) united the tribes to fight the settlers

Despite killing nearly 2,000 settlers, Despite killing nearly 2,000 settlers, Metacom’s forces retreated when the settlers Metacom’s forces retreated when the settlers fought back.fought back.

Colonial soldiers killed Metacom in a Rhode Colonial soldiers killed Metacom in a Rhode Island cave.Island cave.

Became known as King Phillip’s War and Became known as King Phillip’s War and resulted in the English gaining firmer control resulted in the English gaining firmer control over New England.over New England.

Colonial Colonial CultureCulture

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Why did nations establish Why did nations establish colonies?colonies?

Mercantilism – theory that countries Mercantilism – theory that countries grow wealthier and maintain their grow wealthier and maintain their national security by consistently national security by consistently exporting more than they import.exporting more than they import.

To do this nations needed colonies To do this nations needed colonies for additional resources and marketsfor additional resources and markets

American colonists began a American colonists began a profitable trans-Atlantic trade (only profitable trans-Atlantic trade (only with Britain and its colonies)with Britain and its colonies)

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The Atlantic Slave TradeThe Atlantic Slave Trade

American colonization and the plantation American colonization and the plantation system made the slave trade very system made the slave trade very profitableprofitable

Slave ships carried millions of African Slave ships carried millions of African slaves to the Americas.slaves to the Americas.

By the 1700s, black slaves outnumbered By the 1700s, black slaves outnumbered white settlers in Latin America and in white settlers in Latin America and in South CarolinaSouth Carolina

The Atlantic Slave TradeThe Atlantic Slave Trade

These slaves These slaves arrived by way of arrived by way of the Middle Passagethe Middle Passage

Middle Passage Middle Passage was the route was the route taken by ships taken by ships carrying slaves carrying slaves from Africa to from Africa to North America.North America.

Interactiv MapInteractiv Map

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Middle PassageMiddle Passage

Africans were Africans were forced to live in forced to live in cramped quarters cramped quarters aboard slave ships aboard slave ships and suffered and suffered inhumane inhumane treatment –many treatment –many dieddied

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Colonial African American Colonial African American CultureCulture Slaves on one Slaves on one

plantation came from plantation came from many cultures and many cultures and spoke different spoke different languages. languages.

Africans developed a Africans developed a tight knit community tight knit community over time; quickly over time; quickly adopted the English adopted the English language; adopted language; adopted Christianity to their Christianity to their African beliefs.African beliefs.

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Section 1.2 Questions Section 1.2 Questions

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Individualism and Social Individualism and Social MobilityMobility

Social Mobility ( the ability to move from one Social Mobility ( the ability to move from one social class to another) was limited in Europesocial class to another) was limited in Europe

If you were born into the Upper class, you If you were born into the Upper class, you had opportunities that the lower class did had opportunities that the lower class did not have.not have.

Owning land gave you access to better Owning land gave you access to better education, wealth, political office, serving in education, wealth, political office, serving in the military, etc….the military, etc….

Members of the lower class had little chance Members of the lower class had little chance of advancing.of advancing.

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Individualism and Social Individualism and Social MobilityMobility

In the colonies, it was different.In the colonies, it was different. Lower class people found that if they Lower class people found that if they

worked hard that they could advance worked hard that they could advance their economic status.- land of their economic status.- land of opportunityopportunity

Individualism and Social Individualism and Social MobilityMobility

individualism -A belief in the ability of each individualism -A belief in the ability of each individual to achieve success if they apply individual to achieve success if they apply themselves and workthemselves and work

This led to the idea of universal suffrage This led to the idea of universal suffrage and democracy.and democracy. Universal suffrage – all white males were Universal suffrage – all white males were

allowed to vote – not just landowners.allowed to vote – not just landowners. Democracy- people electing whomever they Democracy- people electing whomever they

wish to serve in public office; rather than just wish to serve in public office; rather than just the ruling class.the ruling class.

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Benjamin FranklinBenjamin Franklin

He was an inventor, scientist, He was an inventor, scientist, writer, ambassador, and writer, ambassador, and founding father of the United founding father of the United States.States.

He is also an example of He is also an example of individualism.individualism.

He was not born into the upper He was not born into the upper class.class.

His father made candles and His father made candles and soap for a living and his mother soap for a living and his mother was a daughter of a former was a daughter of a former indentured servant.indentured servant.

Benjamin FranklinBenjamin Franklin

Benjamin quit school at the age of 10 Benjamin quit school at the age of 10 and became an apprentice to a and became an apprentice to a printer and eventually made his way printer and eventually made his way to England.to England.

1726, he returned to Philadelphia 1726, he returned to Philadelphia and opened his own print shop.and opened his own print shop.

He was an autodidact, a self taught He was an autodidact, a self taught person.person.

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Benjamin FranklinBenjamin Franklin

Franklin made a fortune as a writer, Franklin made a fortune as a writer, scientist and inventor.scientist and inventor.

He also created the first fire departmentHe also created the first fire department He used his natural abilities to climb the He used his natural abilities to climb the

social ladder of the colonies.social ladder of the colonies. The example of Franklin established the The example of Franklin established the

idea that success was open to all – and idea that success was open to all – and still is todaystill is today!!

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Religious ExpressionReligious Expression

1730s, the colonies 1730s, the colonies experienced the First Great experienced the First Great Awakening.Awakening.

The “Awakening” was a The “Awakening” was a religious movement that religious movement that featured passionate preaching featured passionate preaching from evangelists like Jonathan from evangelists like Jonathan Edwards and George WhitfieldEdwards and George Whitfield

It encouraged people to seek It encouraged people to seek a sincere relationship with a sincere relationship with Jesus Christ instead of a Jesus Christ instead of a ‘religion’‘religion’

Edwards

Whitfield

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Great AwakeningGreat Awakening

It encouraged colonists to think for It encouraged colonists to think for themselves on religious matters.themselves on religious matters.

Helped to ensure that principles like Helped to ensure that principles like freedom of religion and separation of freedom of religion and separation of church and state became valued colonial church and state became valued colonial principles.principles.

Road to Road to RevolutionRevolution

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French and Indian WarFrench and Indian War

Part of the Seven Years War in EuropePart of the Seven Years War in Europe British colonists began to move west British colonists began to move west

and fought with French and the Native and fought with French and the Native Americans.Americans.

In 1754, tensions resulted in the In 1754, tensions resulted in the French and Indian War – Britain French and Indian War – Britain fighting against the French and the fighting against the French and the Native American allies.Native American allies.

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French and Indian WarFrench and Indian War

signed the Treaty of Paris in 1763signed the Treaty of Paris in 1763 France gave up its claim to Canada, as France gave up its claim to Canada, as

well as, all lands east of the Mississippi well as, all lands east of the Mississippi River.River.

Spain ceded Florida to the British.Spain ceded Florida to the British. Great Britain was now the only colonial Great Britain was now the only colonial

power in North Americapower in North America

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Tensions RiseTensions Rise

Great Britain was heavily in debt after the Great Britain was heavily in debt after the war and felt that the colonies should help war and felt that the colonies should help pay for the expenses.pay for the expenses.

Colonists had not been paying taxes Colonists had not been paying taxes beforebefore

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Proclamation Proclamation of 1763of 1763 Forbade colonists from Forbade colonists from

settling west of the settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.Appalachian Mountains.

Put the territory under Put the territory under British Military control.British Military control.

Also was an attempt to Also was an attempt to ensure peace with the ensure peace with the Native Americans.Native Americans.

Colonists resented the Colonists resented the restrictions and most restrictions and most ignored it.ignored it.

King George III

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Stamp ActStamp Act

British government taxed nearly all printed British government taxed nearly all printed materials by requiring a government materials by requiring a government stamp.stamp.

Colonists met in the Stamp Act Congress; Colonists met in the Stamp Act Congress; they declared “No Taxation without they declared “No Taxation without representation’representation’

Colonists responded with a boycott of Colonists responded with a boycott of British goodsBritish goods

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Sons & Daughters of LibertySons & Daughters of Liberty

Group formed to support and enforce Group formed to support and enforce the boycott.the boycott.

Sons often used violence to Sons often used violence to intimidate any merchant or royal intimidate any merchant or royal official who might use the stamps.official who might use the stamps.

Daughters used their skills to weave Daughters used their skills to weave fabric called ‘homespun’ that were fabric called ‘homespun’ that were usually imported from Great Britain.usually imported from Great Britain.

Boston Tea PartyBoston Tea Party

British laws had given an unfair British laws had given an unfair advantage to the British East India advantage to the British East India company in the selling of tea (favorite company in the selling of tea (favorite drink of colonists)drink of colonists)

December 1773, a group of radicals December 1773, a group of radicals dressed as Mohawk Indians- marched to dressed as Mohawk Indians- marched to Boston Harbor- raided ships and dumped Boston Harbor- raided ships and dumped crates of tea into the harbor.crates of tea into the harbor.

School House RockSchool House Rock

Committees of Committees of CorrespondenceCorrespondence

Colonies formed groups dedicated to Colonies formed groups dedicated to organizing resistance to British laws.organizing resistance to British laws.

These groups made sure that These groups made sure that colonists remained discontent with colonists remained discontent with British rule.British rule.

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Intolerable ActsIntolerable Acts

Parliament passed the Intolerable Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts to punish the colony of Acts to punish the colony of Massachusetts.Massachusetts. Closed Boston Harbor; placed a military Closed Boston Harbor; placed a military

governor over Massachusetts; expanded governor over Massachusetts; expanded the Canadian borderthe Canadian border

Because of the severity of the act the Because of the severity of the act the colonists called it the Intolerable Actscolonists called it the Intolerable Acts

The Revolution BeginsThe Revolution Begins

To deal with the crisis, representatives To deal with the crisis, representatives from all colonies except Georgia from all colonies except Georgia gathered for the First Continental gathered for the First Continental Congress in 1774.Congress in 1774.

It sent a letter to King George III saying It sent a letter to King George III saying that the colonists had a right to be that the colonists had a right to be represented in Parliament, since they represented in Parliament, since they were not that they had a right to govern were not that they had a right to govern themselves.themselves.

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Lexington and ConcordLexington and Concord

April 1775, British troops were on their April 1775, British troops were on their way to seize arms and ammunition stored way to seize arms and ammunition stored by colonists in Concorde, Massachusetts.by colonists in Concorde, Massachusetts.

Colonial Militia, known as the Minute Men, Colonial Militia, known as the Minute Men, met the Redcoats in Lexingtonmet the Redcoats in Lexington

Someone fired the “shot heard round the Someone fired the “shot heard round the world” that started the American world” that started the American Revolution.Revolution.

One month later, the colonists met in the One month later, the colonists met in the Second Continental Congress to discuss Second Continental Congress to discuss the situation.the situation.

Thomas Paine (1737-1809)Thomas Paine (1737-1809)

January 1776, Paine publishes his famous January 1776, Paine publishes his famous pamphlet, pamphlet, Common SenseCommon Sense..

In it, he made a compelling case for In it, he made a compelling case for independence that won many to the independence that won many to the causecause. .

Due to his influence and that of others, the Due to his influence and that of others, the Second Continental Congress stopped Second Continental Congress stopped seeking resolution with England and chose seeking resolution with England and chose to declare independence.to declare independence.