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Mott MacDonald Ireland Ltd. South Block, Rockfield, Dundrum, Dublin 16. 16th March 2012 Attention Mr Mark McCarthy
Re: Kilkenny – Grey Water Disinfection Quotation Ref: WW12-4451/TQ
Dear Mark, Following our recent discussions regarding the treatment of the raw water/fire fighting storage tank and piping systems. Based on raw/fire water tank capacity of 5500m3 and flow of 90m3/hr, to treat this water to protect personnel e.g during fire fighting and from airborne aerosols, on the grounds of occupational exposure. I now refer you to our schedule of equipment, I trust this is to your requirements, please contact me for further informatiom. With kind regards ______________________ TIM QUINN DIRECTOR
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Design Notes
After our discussions it would appear that all the water except the potable supply to on site personnel will pass through the 5500 cubic metre water storage tank with an hourly flow rate of 90m3/hr. The main concern was that there would be aerosols created with the fire fighting system which could lead to pulmonary infections by such bacteria as legionella pneumophilla. The water could consist of a variable mixture of borehole, grey, and town mains water or exclusively of one or another. Based on the analysis’s we cannot see any problems with this mix from the point of view of disinfection. My recommendations would be to treat the water tank, controlling the dosing with the aid of an ORP (redox) sensor. If we design the system such that we maintain an ORP of around 550 we will not get formation of biofilms and therefore we will not have legionella present. The ORP sensor should be located diametrically opposite the positioning of the dosing point to ensure that we get consistent ORP readings. The second issue would be the fire fighting water distribution system itself. If this is not constantly filled there is a risk of bio-film growth within the system as apart from drills and tests it is effectively a “dead end”. Due to this we would recommend a secondary dosing system on the outflow pipe from the tank to the fire fighting circuit. This additional dosing system should consist of a flow meter controlling a dosing pump that is capable of injecting one litre of disinfectant into each cubic metre of water passing through the fire fighting system. One note of caution here is that if as we suspect there are high pressure pumps to feed the fire fighting water circuit, the dosing pump should be selected carefully so that it can handle the pressure, alternatively dose before the pumps. It should not be necessary to have a dosing pump big enough to handle the draw down in the event of a real fire but rather one capable of dosing the correct amount for the test and drill consumption. It would be useful to know the approximate water flow rates when carrying out these test and drills. Just a note the L8 recommendations (UK Code of Practice for Legionella control) are that unused water outlets should be flushed weekly.
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SCHEDULE OF EQUIPMENT
Item Part # Qty Product Nett price Generator
1 1 T25 generator with type number: T 25 N 0120 B 4 A 0 00 Specification:
• Normal painted cabinet
• 120 liter / hour
• NEuthox/Cathox configuration – standard liquid
• 3 x 400 V power
• No communication
• Without booster pump Complete package incl.: 75 kg salt, brine tank, hardness check kit
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Options No options.
Accessories 3 For dosing and controlling main tank
4 1 500 liter buffer tank (buy locally typically 300-400 Euros) 5 80279 1 Dosing pump Argal TMB 65
6 80345 1 ORP sensor 7 80343 1 ORP controller 8 80612 1 Cable to ORP sensor
9 80287 1 Tank Armature 10 80264 2 Float level sensors
11 12 For dosing into fire system (additional option)
13 14 80269 1 Grundfos dosing pump (capable of treating 375 cubes
per hour during flushing and test and drill)
15 1 Flow meter (buy locally typically 800-1000 Euros)
16 1 Installation of above equipment within dedicated area – no service more than 2m
17 Commissioning 18 19 20 Freight cost inclusive of insurance and packaging
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“Our mission is
to provide cost
effective, safe,
environmentally
responsible solutions
to bacterial control
in the food and
water industries”
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Why use dangerous chemicals when there are safer more
environmentally friendly alternatives ?
Every year people are injured and some even killed with accidents involving Chlorine gas. Some of these are caused by accidents in-volving delivery systems and some by incorrect mixing of cleaning and disinfecting chemicals.
Chlorine and its chemical com-pounds are extremely effective as disinfecting agents and the safety of our modern food and water supply chain depends heavily on them. The struggle has been to maintain the safety of the food and water supply chain whilst protecting the health and lives of those working in these areas.
Now with the use of a DCW generator it is possible to generate Hypochlorous Acid on site from just salt water and electricity safely.
Hypochlorous Acid is one of the most powerful chlorine based disinfection agents. At a concentra-tion of just 0.1 parts per million with an ORP of +700mv and pH7 it can achieve a log3 reduction of E.coli within 10 seconds. (Source:Carlson, S.: Fundamentals of water disinfection. J. Water SRT – Aqua 40 (1991) 346-356)
Using state of the art patented Membrane Electrolysis technology DCW generators produce powerful disinfection agents on site without any risks to humans.
The added bonus is that our disin-fection liquids are classed as non toxic and biodegradable under EU guidelines thus helping protect both people and the environment.
All these benefits are coupled with the possibility of making substan-tial cost savings in many circum-stances as on site production is often substantially cheaper than using traditional chlorine based chemicals.
The DCW generators can also save energy and water as they allow some processes to be carried out at lower temperatures and water to be recycled.
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Image copyright Dennis Kunkel Microscopy, Inc.
Escherichia coli. Causes gastroenteritis, urinary tract infections and neonatal meningitis.Found in poorly handled and undercooked meat.
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Our disinfectant generators pro-duce a liquid called NEUTHOX through the process of electrolysis of Brine (Salt Water). NEUTHOX contains among other things Hypochlorous Acid that is a highly potent bactericide. Bacteria such as Escherichia coli when exposed to Hypochlorous Acid lose viability in less than 100ms. Escherichia coli is a major cause of food and water borne infections in humans.In addition to killing bacteria NEUTHOX is effective in break-ing down Biofilms which protect the bacteria from the action of the Hypochlorous Acid.Hypochlorous Acid is an effective disinfection agent against most bacteria that cause infections in humans such as:
• Legionella pneumophila
• Vibrio vulnificus
• Escherichia coli
• Listeria monocytogenes
• Salmonella enterica
• Campylobacter jejuni
NEUTHOX also contains Sodium Hydroxide which is a useful clean-ing agent due to its ability to break down grease and proteins.
DCW generators can also be configured to produce two separate solutions Cathox (mainly a solution containing Sodium Hydroxide) and Athox (the disinfection solution containing Hypochlorous Acid).
The NEUTHOX can be either dosed directly into your system or alternatively into a buffer tank, if the demand is variable, then through a sensor controlled dosing pump to suit the biological load within your system.
The only requirements for our generators to work are a supply of salt, water and electricity. The generators are controlled by PLC with an easy to operate HMI (Hu-man machine interface) allowing the end user to accurately control the pH value of the NEUTHOX and ensure the correct dosing levels for a particular application.
Typical operating costs for a number of European Countries are shown below (figs in Euros).
Country Energy cost per Salt costs Cost per 1000 kwh.Typical Per kg. Typical litres Neuthox
Germany 12.72cents 21 cents 5.81 Euros
Poland 7.61cents 25 cents 4.29 Euros
Denmark 11.84cents 31 cents 6.16 Euros
U.K. 11.44cents 27 cents 5.76 Euros
France 7.01cents 33 cents 4.60 Euros
Italy 15.63cents 15 cents 6.41 Euros
How does the system work ?
Image copyright Dennis Kunkel Microscopy, Inc.
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Campylobacter jejuni. Causes cam-pylobacteriosis one of the common causes of diarrhea. Found in badly handled and undercooked poultry.
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Cooling Towers and PondsNEUTHOX produced by our on site generators effectively controls Legionella and other bacteria maintaining a safe and healthy en-vironment. The powerful disinfect-ing solution also destroys bio-film yet is no more corrosive than tap water.
Brew and Beverage IndustryDCW disinfectant generators have a number of applications in this indus-try. They include Tunnel Pasteurizers, Bottle Wash and cleaning of Con-veyor and Transport Systems. The use of a DCW generator can result in significant savings as it allows processes to be run at lower temperatures and water to be recycled.
Applications
Meat IndustryBacterial contamination of meat is an ever present problem. DCW can help with its powerful NEU-THOX solution ideally suited to surface cleaning of preparation areas, packing cases and transport systems yet without the problems associated with traditional chlorine based chemicals.
Fruit and Vegetable washingNEUTHOX is a highly effective disinfection agent for the washing of Fruit and Vegetables both whole and cut, increasing the shelf life and providing a safer product for consumers.
Waste Water TreatmentThe addition of NEUTHOX to waste water can reduce bacterial count to safe levels without con-taminating the environment.
HorticultureMisting or spraying glasshouses with NEUTHOX gives effective bacterial and algal control.
Drinking WaterNEUTHOX is approved for use as a disinfection agent for drinking water making it safe for consumption without the unpleasant smell and taste associated with conventional chlorine based water treatment.
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Swimming PoolsOn site NEUTHOX generators can ensure a safe swimming environ-ment without the unpleasant smell or eye stinging effects of traditional chlorine based treatments. It also is safer for staff as they do not have to handle potentially dangerous chemicals.
Food and Dairy IndustryDue to its non-toxicity NEUTHOX is approved for use in the food industry for disinfection in a wide range of areas including prepa-ration surfaces, pipes, transport systems and packaging.
AgricultureThe use of NEUTHOX in agriculture can result in increased yields and improved animal husbandry by destroying bacteria in animal drinking water and stock pens.
Medical FacilitiesDue to its non-toxicity and non-corrosive nature it is ideal for surface sterilization of medical facilities to help prevent bacterial infection.
Shellfish IndustryNEUTHOX has been shown to be highly effective in destroying bacteria such as Vibrio and E.coli. making for a safer product for consumers.
Hotels and Public FacilitiesLegionella is a major health prob-lem in facilities with a large water system where parts are not often used such as Hotel rooms in low season. The unused areas can result in the build up of Legionella and other health endangering bacteria within the water system. The ad-dition of a Neuthox generator to the water system can prevent this without costly high temperature flushing.
Marine IndustryNEUTHOX generators are suitable for shipboard sterilization of drink-ing water. NEUTHOX can also be added to water used in ice making machines for the fishing industry to ensure a safer product.
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Frequently Asked QuestionsIs NEUTHOX corrosive ?NEUTHOX is no more corrosive than tap water in most applica-tions.
How expensive is the system ?Typical investment recoupment pe-riod can be as low as 18 months.
What is the pH value of NEUTHOX ?The pH value of NEUTHOX is typically set between 7and 7.5 but can be controlled to suit the requirements of the end user via the control panel.
Are there any by products produced ?If the end user requires a low pH value it will result in a small over production of a weak Sodium Hydroxide solution.
What guarantees are offered on the generator ?All electromechanical parts are covered by a 12 month war-ranty and the generator cells by a 36month warranty.
Is NEUTHOX toxic ?No, it is approved for use in drink-ing water in countries such as Germany and the food industry in countries such as Denmark.
Does the generator require a high degree of maintenance ?No, the generator is PLC con-trolled. The brine tank needs to
be kept filled with salt and once a month there are some simple maintenance tasks that take about 10 minutes.
Is NEUTHOX safe to handle ?Yes .Unlike traditional chlorine based chemicals even in its most concentrated form it has only a mild irritant effect on some sensi-tive people and after washing with water this will disappear.
What is the shelf life of NEUTHOX ?If stored in an airtight container it can remain effective up to 12 months but the efficacy does re-duce over time.
How large a generator will I require ?We will assist you in calculating this as the requirements vary depend-ing on the biological load, simply email([email protected]) us or visit our website (www.danishcleanwater.dk) and enquire on line.
What sizes are the generators available in ?Our smallest generator produces 40litre of NEUTHOX per hour and we recommend that the gen-erators run for a maximum of 12-15 hours per day thus giving a safety margin if your system experiences any spikes in its biological load. This also allows the machine time for it to carry out some automatic
Image copyright Dennis Kunkel Microscopy, Inc.
Salmonella enteritidis. Causes food poisoning (Salmonellosis) in humans when ingested. Found in poultry eggs meat and shellfish.
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routine maintenance procedures. There is no theoretical maximum size.
Can I have automatic alerts if there is a problem in the system ? Yes .Options are available with either alerts and or system parame-ters, usage history and sensor read-ing history via Ethernet or GPRS
Can I link sensors from my system to the PLC controlling the disinfec-tant generator ? Yes. You can either interface your own control systems via an RS232 port or similar or we can provide sensors such as ORP or pH value to link to the generator. Normally they must be located within 10 metres for hardwired connection but we also offer remote wireless sensing for larger systems.
What water and power supplies do I need to provide ? The machine requires a connec-tion to the local drinking water
supply with a constant pressure of between 2 and 7 bar. The power requirements vary according to the size of machine. A 40litre machine consumes 1.4 kw per hour other sizes are prorate.
Are there any special requirements on water quality ? Not normally. The local drinking water supply is usually accept-able as the generator has a built in softener .If you are using well water or are in an area with a particularly high mineral or sediment content it may be necessary to fit an ad-ditional high capacity filter and or additional softening system.
Is NEUTHOX environmentally safe ? Yes. NEUTHOX breaks down in the environment without any toxic by products.
Will I receive assistance in install-ing and using the generator ? Yes a member of staff from DCW or its local dealer will attend during installation, assist in setting up the machine and give full training to your operators.
What guarantees do I have that the generator will do what I want it to do ? The best guarantee of all, if the generator does not perform as we say it will there is a full money back guarantee.
What salt do I need to use and how much ? Chemically pure salt ( Sodium Chloride 99.7%) which is com-monly available. Typical consump-tion is around 5 to 8 grams per litre of NEUTHOX produced.
How do I control the amount of NEUTHOX I need to add to my system ? The generator can be set up to switch itself on or off depending on the demand of your system. Alternatively the generator can produce into a buffer tank and we can provide sensing and dosing solutions from the buffer tank. Producing to a buffer tank can be particularly useful in applications such as surface disinfection in food handling areas where the demand is only at certain times of the day.
What concentration do I dilute the NEUTHOX to ? This can vary depending on the ap-plication and biological load . Most applications fall within the 1:500 to 1:2000 range. We will be pleased to advise you if you send an email to [email protected] with an outline of your project.
Which bacteria is NEUTHOX effective against ? NEUTHOX is highly effective against most disease causing bacte-ria such as E.Coli, Legionella, Cam-pylobacter, Listeria etc. If you have a particular bacteria you would like information on please contact us.
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Frequently Asked Questions
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Legionella pneumophila. Causes Legionaires disease (Legionellosis). Found in cool-ing towers and water systems.
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Our PLC controlled generators can produce three different liquids to suit a range of applications.
ATHOXA powerful disinfecting fluid whose main active constituent is Hypo-chlorous Acid. It also contains small amounts of Chlorine Dioxide and Ozone that are also useful in controlling bacteria. Athox is also highly effective in destroying Bio-Film.
CATHOXA useful cleaning agent composed of Sodium Hydroxide in solution, particularly effective in breaking down grease and fats.
NEUTHOXA mixture of ATHOX and CATHOX that combines the cleaning and disinfection properties of these two liquids. The ratio of the two liquids can be controlled via the PLC unit thus enabling the operator to con-trol the pH value of the liquid.
The GeneratorOn the opposite page you will see a schematic of the generator cell which shows the basic principles
of the electrolysis process. The cell contains a unique patented mem-brane which ensures separation of the fluids during the manufacturing process. The strength of the Brine (Salinity) is carefully controlled by the PLC to ensure optimum pro-duction of the disinfection agents and to minimize any salt residue in the finished product. By carefully controlling the flow, the salinity and the power our generators can ensure a consistent product in terms of both pH value and free chlorine. The PLC unit monitors the variable parameters within the system up to 300 times per minute and makes the necessary adjust-ments to ensure consistency of product.
The generator is normally equipped with a water softening system to prevent the build-up of limescale on the electrodes but it is normal for there to be some accumulation which can affect the efficiency of the cell. The PLC detects when the cell efficiency to starts to fall and initiates a flushing and cleaning cycle to ensure the generator is al-ways operating at optimum values.
The Basic principles
behind the System
Image copyright Dennis Kunkel Microscopy, Inc.
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Vibrio vulnificus. Causes vomiting, diarrhea, reduced blood pressure and blistering dermatitis. Found in shellfish.
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- +
CATHOX
NaOHH2
H2O2
pH valueca. 12
PermeableMembrane
CathodeChamber
BrineSolution
AnodeChamber
ATHOXCI2
O2
H OCIHCI
HCIO3
CIO-
CIO2
O3
H+
pH valueca. 3.5
NeuthoxA mixture af Cathox and Athox
with an adjustable pH value between 6.5 and 8.5
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Below is a full list of the reactions at the Anode and Cathode.
Anode1. Generation of free radicals, active oxygen, and
hydrogen peroxide H2O = H+ + •OH + e- •OH + •OH = H2O2
H2O = •O + 2H+ + 2e- O2- = 2O + e-
2. Generation of ozone gas 3H2O = O3 + 6H+ + 6e- •O + O2 = O3
O2 + H2O = O3 + 2H+ + 2e- (E0 = 2.07 V)
3. Generation of oxygen gas 2H2O = O2 + 4H+ + 4e- 4OH- = O2 + 2H2O + 4 e- H2O2 = O2 + 2H+ + 2e- 2Cl2 + 2H2O = 4H+ + 4Cl- + O2
4. Generation of oxygen gas and chlorine gas 4Cl- + 2O3 + 4H+ = 3O2 + 2Cl2 + 2H2
2Cl- + 2O3 = 3O2 + Cl2 + 2e-
5. Generation of chlorine gas and dissolved chlorine 2Cl- = Cl2(g) + 2e- (E0 = 1.359V) 2HOCl + 2H+ + 2e- = Cl2 + 2H2O (E0 = 1.63V) Cl2(g) = Cl2(aq)
6. Generation of hypochlorous acid and hypochloric acid
Cl2(ap) + H2O = HCl (=H+ + Cl-) + HOCl Cl- + H2O = HOCl + H+ + 2e- 2Cl- + H2O = HOCl + HCl + 2e- 2Cl- + H2O2 = 2HOCl + 2e- ClO- + H2O = HOCl + OH-
7. Generation of hypochlorite ion, etc. Cl2(aq) + 2OH- = ClO- + Cl- + H2O Cl2(aq) + H2O = ClO- + Cl- + 2H+
HOCl = ClO- + H+
2HOCl ClO- = ClO3- + 2Cl- + 2H+
The liquid produced at the Anode is known as ATHOX and is a powerful disinfection agent.
Cathode1. Generation of hydrogen gas 2H2O + 2e- = H2 + 2OH- (E0 = -0.828 V) 2H2O = H2 + 2•OH
2. Generation of hydrogen and sodium hydrate 2Na+ + 2H2O + 2e- = H2 + 2NaOH 2Na + 2H2O = H2 + 2NaOH Na+ + OH- = NaOH
3. Generation of hydroxide ion and separation of sodium
Na+ + e- = Na 2•OH + 2e- = 2OH-
O2 + 2H2O + 4e- = 4OH-
The liquid produced at the Cathode is a useful clean-ing and degreasing agent. Neuthox is a mixture of these two liquids providing a powerful cleaning and disinfection agent.
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Danish Clean Water A/S (DCW) is located on the Danfoss Industrial Park in Southern Denmark. It was founded to exploit the technology of on-site production of environ-mentally safe disinfection systems for bacterial control.
DCW was founded by Bent Kris-tensen of Nordic Venture Capital A/S a company specializing in developing and enabling new technologies and Peter Mads Clausen of Danfoss A/S the world reknowned manufacturer of valves, controls and fluid handling systems.
It has been recognised that with the centralization of food and drink production throughout much of the world outbreaks of food poisoning from bacteria such as E.coli, Cam-pylobacter, Salmonella and Listeria can have serious consequences.
In addition to this the worlds sup-ply of safe drinking water is com-ing under increasing pressure from a growing population coupled with the demands of industrial growth in many second and third world countries. “ Our mission is to provide cost effective, safe, environmentally responsible solutions to bacte-rial control in the food and water industries”
To this end DCW has designed and produced a range of machinery that helps to ensure safe food and water in a wide range of applica-tions.
DCW is “A Company Trusted by Danfoss” and as such has access to the full range of Danfoss facili-ties at its Headquarters in Southern Denmark. These include a state of the art fully accredited laboratory plus a manufacturing facility world renowned for its quality of engi-neering. All DCW machines are manufactured by Danfoss Industry Services to the highest standards of engineering excellence.
In the Danish tradition of envi-ronmental responsibility all DCW machines are designed to minimize any negative environmental impact whilst ensuring that its technology contributes to a healthier and safer world.
All Press and Investor Relations enquiries should be addressed to [email protected].
Company Profile
11
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Listeria monocytogenes. Causes Listeriosis, Meningitis, Septicemia, Encephalitis and food poisoning. Found in water, vegetables and cheese contaminated by birds and rodents.
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Danish Clean Water A/Sc/o Danfoss A/SNordborgvej 81L21, N126430 NordborgDenmark
Phone +45 70 29 09 00Fax +45 70 29 09 01
© 2008. The written and pictorial material in this document is the property of Danish Clean Water A/S and its partners and may not be copied, disseminated or reproduced in any form without the written permission of Danish Clean Water A/S.
Langenberg Grafisk . +45 74 42 45 06
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“Our mission is
to provide cost
effective, safe,
environmentally
responsible solutions
to bacterial control
in the food and
water industries”
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The T25 series of Disinfectant Generators
The T25 is available in four ca-pacities 40, 80, 120 and 250 Liters per hour. The size of machine you require is dependent on the amount of water you wish to treat and the initial conditions of the water. A dosing guide to assist you in calculating your requirements is contained in this brochure on page 5 but if you are unsure our staff or our distributor will be delighted to assist. We normally recommend that the calculation of the size of machine be based on an operat-ing time of 15 hours per day this allows a comfortable safety margin in case of a variable biological load and also for the machine to run some automatic maintenance routines.
The machine comes complete with a brine (salt solution) tank and 75 kg of salt to enable the machine to be commissioned and put in to service. Further supplies of salt can be purchased from us or a local supplier. The quality of the salt is important as contaminants can affect the correct function-ing of the machine. You will find on page 11 a recommendation for the specification of the salt. In order to commission the machine the technician needs to know the hardness of the local water supply in order to set the built in water softener to the correct regenerat-ing cycle. The machine also has a built in 50 Micron filter to remove particulates that could affect the optimal performance of the genera-tor. If however your water supply-has a high level of sediment we would recommend the fitting of an
external filter between the potable water supply point and the machine.
High levels of Iron and Manganese can adversely affect the performance of the generator cell. Whilst the inbuilt softening system will remove low levels of these contaminants if the level is above 0,5 mg/L for iron and 0.1 mg/L for manganese we would recommend that a separate removal system be installed. Our technical sales people will be happy to advise you on this point. If you are using well water and it is contaminated with oxidized Iron or Manganese (the water often takes on a red/brown colour) a separate removal system is always necessary.
The generator requires a three phase 400 volt 50Hz power supply located within 3 me-ters of the machine plus a potable water supply of between three and seven bar with a shut off valve terminating in a fitting within 2 meters of the machine. Full specification and requirements of the machine are laid out on page 11. There should also be a suitable wastewater point or connection within 3 meters of the machine.
In addition if you have opted for remote monitoring and alerts via your Ethernet you must provide a lead terminating in an RJ 45 plug.
If you have opted for GPRS alerts it is necessary to check the avail-ability of a cellular network in that area simply by seeing if your mobile phone has a good signal strength in that position.
The generator should be located in a frost free well ventilated room close to the selected dosing point in your water system. If the genera-tor is located in a small confined space without adequate ventila-tion it is necessary to fit an exhaust system which our staff will be able to advise you on.
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Main components (process)
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Main components (control)
Power supply to cell
Power supply to PLC Cooling fan
Modem PLC controller
Brine pump
Water filter
Limescale remover
pH control valves
Electrolysis cell
Mixing chamber
Water softener
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The generator is fully automatic and controlled by a touch screen display. The PLC has three levels of access. User access which can be controlled by the end user, technician access that should only be used by the commissioning or maintenance technician and fac-tory settings which may only be altered by DCW staff. Any attempt to access or alter factory settings will result in the voiding of warran-ties.
On commissioning the techni-cian will train the end user in the correct operation of the generator and an operations manual will be left with the machine. It is recom-mended that at least two people are trained in this manner.
If you have opted for remote sys-tem monitoring it will be necessary to select the PC you are intending to use and download and commis-sion the software.
Once the machine is commis-sioned it is only necessary to keep the brine tank topped up with salt. The frequency of this filling is determined by the amount of disinfectants produced. Our techni-cian will advise you of how often you will need to do this. Should the brine tank become empty the generator will cease to function and the system status beacon on the top of the machine will turn red. Prior to this the beacon will turn amber to indicate that the salt level in the brine tank is too low.
Despite the built in water soft-ener the generator cell will over a period of time become coated in limescale which will reduce the performance of the generator cell. This is dealt with by an automatic flushing system which at regular periods will flush the cell with a limescale remover. The machine comes complete with a 5 liter container of our limescale remover but when this becomes empty the display screen and the status bea-con will alert you to change this. It is important that only our limescale remover is used as others may damage the generator cell and void the warranty.
Operation of the Generator
3 meters approx.
Optional comms antenna
PLC touch screen
Brine tank
Status beacon
Dosing pump
Buffer tank
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The amount of Neuthox that should be added to a water system is depen-dent on the application and the biological load of the water or surface to be treated. The higher the biological load the greater the concentra-tion. Experience has shown that for the majority of applications dosing levels in the range of 1:500 to 1:2000 are sufficient. Some exceptions to these guidelines are in animal husbandry where the high biological load requires a higher dosing level and in the treatment of potable water where the residual level of chlorine species in the public water supply should be as low one part per billion, consequently a lower dosing level is required.
Some typical dosing levels (Guide Only)Fruit and vegetable washing First wash 1:30
Final rinse 1:2000
Swimming pools Maintain an FAC of 1 ppm
Animal drinking water Typically 1:100 dependant on degree of contamination
Potable Water 1:1500
Cooling towers 1:1000 (Maintain an ORP of 500)
Legionalla control in hot water 1:750 (Check delivery point for FAC of 0.5 ppm)
If our disinfectant generator is installed on an older water system such as a cooling tower that has a high level of bio film it may be necessary to shock dose the system for a short period of time with a higher dosing level to remove this bio-film. This can sometimes result in the water be-coming discoloured for a period of time as the bio-film is destroyed and released into the water.
In order to assist you in determining the correct dosing level we will be happy to supply you with a sample of Neuthox to enable you to treat some of your water samples at different dosing levels. Our staff will be pleased to advise you on this.
Dosing Levels and Methods
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This is a suggested layout for an application such as a tunnel pas-teurizer where the level of dosing in different areas may vary. In this suggested layout three ORP sensors control three dosing pumps all being supplied by the same buffer tank equipped with a level sensor to switch the generator on and off.
This layout would work equally well with dosing pumps controlled by flow meters if the percentage level of dosing was the critical factor.
Buffer tanks are typically available in 300 to 1000 liter sizes and we can assist with a range of dosing pumps and sensors.
Multi-zone ORP sensor controlled layout
Multi-zone ORP sensor controlled design layout
No. 1 No. 2 No. 3
ORP ORP ORP
Zones
ORP sensors
Power supply400 v (50 Hz)three phase
Brine Tank
Portable Water supply min. 3 to max. 7 bar
Brine to softener
Brine to process
Soft water to tank
DCW T25Generator
Waste to Drain
NEUTHOXsolution
Level Sensor
Buffer TankNEUTHOX
NEUTHOXfor dosing
Pump for Dosingcontrol no. 1
Pump for Dosingcontrol no. 2
Pump for Dosingcontrol no. 3M
M
M
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If you want to dose at a fixed per-centage to the water flow volume a layout such as below could be used. The generator produces into a tank which contains a level sen-sor. The level sensor can be set to a minimum and maximum which will control the start stop func-tion of the generator. The size of buffer tank will be related to the flow of the system. A dosing pump is connected to a flow sensor and
matches its speed to suit the flow rate. The advantage of the buffer tank is that if the flow rate demand for dosing is variable and at times exceeds the maximum output of the machine the shortfall is made up by the buffer tank. In this layout the flow sensor could equally well be substituted with an ORP sen-sor if the critical parameter was REDOX potential.
Fixed % Dosing layout
Fixed % Dosing layout
Process Water
Power supply400 v (50 Hz)three phase
Brine Tank
Portable Water supply min. 3 to max. 7 bar
Brine to softener
Brine to process
Soft water to tank
DCW T25Generator
Waste to Drain
NEUTHOXsolution
Level Sensor
Buffer TankNEUTHOX
NEUTHOXfor dosing
Dosing pump
Dosingpoint
M
Flow meter
m3
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This layout would be used when the disinfectant fluid (Athox) and the cleaning fluid (Cathox) are required as separate liquids. This configuration is often used in ap-plications such as surface cleaning where the Cathox is added to warm water to facilitate its degreasing action. The generator is connected to a level sensor in the first buffer
tank and it will start or stop de-pending on the levels set at instal-lation. Pumps can be connected to the tanks to move the fluids either into a water system or to connect to high pressure sprayers or fogging equipment for surface cleaning. In addition in the waste water indus-try Cathox and Athox are often required as separate fluids.
Separate Athox and Cathox layout
Separate Athox and Cathox layout
Power supply400 v (50 Hz)three phase
Brine Tank
Portable Water supply min. 3 to max. 7 bar
Brine to softener
Brine to process
Soft water to tank
DCW T25Generator
Waste to Drain
Buffer TankAthox
Level Sensor
Buffer TankCathox
Athox Cathox
Cathoxsolution
Athoxsolution
Over flow to Drain
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Sensor Controlled Dosing Layout
ORP
Power supply400 v (50 Hz)three phase
Brine Tank
Portable Water supply min. 3 to max. 7 bar
Brine to softener
Brine to process
Soft water to tank
DCW T25Generator
Waste to Drain
ORP Sensor
Open tank
NEUTHOXfor dosing
Open Dosing Point
Process Water
This is a typical layout that might be used in an application such as a cooling tower or pond. This layout can be used when the dosing is in to an open system or tank and there is no need to have the dis-infectant injected into the system under pressure.
The ORP sensor measures the REDOX potential in the system and the PLC switches the machine on or off when the ORP reading is outside the parameters set by the end user. The advantage of this layout is that there is no need for a buffer tank or dosing pump. It is important that the dosing point is
positioned after the sensor in the systems water flow to ensure that it is taking a true reading.
ORP sensors need to be calibrated on a regular basis following the manufacturer’s instructions. Ideally the stop start settings on the PLC should be set at least 50mv apart to avoid the generator starting and stopping for very short periods.
It is also possible to set the PLC so that if the ORP continuously stays outside the required band an alert can be sent via Ethernet or GPRS to your PC or cell phone.
Sensor Controlled Dosing Layout
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Relationship ofchlorine species
dependant on pH valueThe effectiveness of the Hypochlo-rous acid as a disinfection agent is affected by the pH level of the water in the end users system. Alongside is a graph showing the pH levels where the HOCL (Hy-pochlorous Acid) is at its highest concentration and therefore most effective.
Corrosion reportIntroductionThe corrosivity of a diluted NEUTHOX solution (1:500) has been compared to normal Danish drink-ing water by means of an electrochemical corrosion analysis. The test is performed on the following six metals: Carbon steel (St37), stainless steel 304, stainless steel 316, brass, copper and zinc.
ResultsThe estimated corrosion rate (in μm/year) for each of the six metals is shown along-side. It is clear, that addition of NEUTHOX in small amounts (1:500) will not con-tribute to an increase in the corrosivity of drinking water.
The final conclusion is therefore that NEUTHOX in small concentrations is not corrosive to any of the examined metals. 0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
St37 SS 304 SS 316 Brass Copper Zinc
Corr
osi
onr a
teµm
/ yea
r)
Drinking water
Diluted NEUTHOX (1:500)
0%1
pH Value
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0%1
pH Value
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
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Salt Composition Recommendations
Sodium Chloride NaCl 99.7 %Potassium K ≤ 70mg/kgCalcium Ca ≤ 20mg/kgIron (free) Fe ≤ 2mg/kg
Insoluble Sulfates SO4 ≤ 1500mg/kgMagnesium Mg ≤ 1mg/kgCopper Cu ≤ 0.1mg/kg
Technical characteristics andrequirements of the generator
Generator type T25N0040 T25N0080 T25N0120 T25N0250Neuthox production L/h 40 80 120 250Free chlorine Minimum mg/L 500 500 500 500Approximate salt comsumption* kg/day 1 - 2 3 - 4 7 - 8 12 - 15Brinetank L 300 300 300 300Water connection** BSP male ½” ½” ½” ½”Water supply bar 3 - 7 3 - 7 3 - 7 3 - 7Drain hose inches ½” ½” ½” ½”Drain hose length m 5 5 5 5Backpressure bar <0,2 <0,2 <0,2 <0,2
Power requirements ( 5 core )*** V 3 x 400 3 x 400 3 x 400 3 x 4003 phase A 16 16 16 16 W 700 1060 1420 2740
External dosing pump max consumption. W 2200 2200 2200 2200
Room ventilation m³/h > 15 > 24 > 33 > 66Ambient temperature min/max °C +5 to +30 +5 to +30 +5 to +30 +5 to +30
Dimensions GeneratorWeight kg 160 175 180 185Width mm 850 850 850 850Height mm 1490 1490 1490 1490Depth mm 460 460 460 460* 15 hours per day running time** Water shutoff valve located within 3 m*** Power connection: Switched IP44 compliant within 3 m. The generator has a 5 m (5 core)
3 phase, ground (earth) and common (neutral) power lead.
Component Chemical Symbol Composition Component Chemical Symbol Composition
Larger machines available by special order.
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Danish Clean Water A/Sc/o Danfoss A/SNordborgvej 81L21, N126430 NordborgDenmark
Phone +45 70 29 09 00Fax +45 70 29 09 01
© 2009. The written and pictorial material in this document is the property of Danish Clean Water A/S and its partners and may not be copied, disseminated or reproduced in any form without the written permission of Danish Clean Water A/S.
Langenberg Grafisk . +45 74 42 45 06
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