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Elbow and Forearm Evaluation
Ms. Bowman
Anatomy ReviewBones
RadiusUlnaHumerus
ArticulationsHumeroulnar JointHumeroradial JointProximal and Distal
Radioulnar JointsLigaments
Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL)
Lateral Ulnar Collateral Ligament (LUCL)
Radial Collateral Ligament (RCL)
Annular LigamentAccessory Lateral Collateral
Ligament (ALCL)Interosseuous Membrane
Anatomy Review-MusclesElbow Flexor and
Supinator GroupBiceps brachii-
supinatedBrachialis-pronatedBrachioradialis-
neutralSupinator
Elbow ExtensorsTriceps brachiiAnconeus
Elbow PronatorsPronator teresPronator quadratus
Anatomy Review-MusclesMedial Epicondyle
Flexor carpi radialisPalmaris longusFlexor digitorum
superficialisFlexor carpi ulnarisLateral EpicondyleExtensor carpi radialis
longusExtensor carpi radialis
brevisExtensor carpi ulnarisExtensor digitorum
communis muscles
Anatomy Review-NervesMedian nerve-
crosses the anterior elbow
Ulnar nerve-between olecranon process and the medial epicondyle
Radial nerve-posterior aspect of the humerus then crosses lateral elbow joint
Anatomy Review-BursaeSubcutaneous
olecranon bursaSubtendinous
olecranon bursa
HistoryLocation of painOnset of the symptomsMOITechniqueSounds, sensations (Rice Crispies)PmhxGeneral medical health
InspectionAnterior Structures
Carrying angleCubital fossa
Medial StructuresMedial epicondyleFlexor muscle mass
Lateral StructuresAlignmentCubital recurvatumExtensor muscle
massPosterior Structures
Bony alignmentOlecranon process
and bursa
What are you looking for when you inspect the structures in these locations?
PalpationAnterior Structures
Biceps brachiiCubital fossaBrachioradialisWrist flexor groupPronator quadratus
Medial StructuresMedial epicondyleUlnaUlnar collateral ligament
Lateral StructuresLateral epicondyleRadial headLateral ulnar collateral
ligamentCapitellumAnnular ligamentRadial collateral ligament
Posterior StructuresOlecranon processOlecranon fossaTriceps brachiiAnconeusUlnar nerveWrist extensorsFinger ExtensorsThumb musculature
What are you looking for when you palpate these
structures?
Range of Motion TestsFlexionExtensionPronationSupination
Ligamentous TestsValgus Stress TestVarus Stress Test
Neurological TestsUpper Quarter Screen- to learn with shoulder
Special TestsElbow Sprain-Posterolateral rotatory
instability testEpicondylitis-Tennis Elbow Test, Golfer’s
Elbow TestNerve Trauman-Tinel’s Sign