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þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language Variation and Change in the American Midland : A New Look at Heartland English. Philadelphia, PA, USA: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2006. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 29 November 2014. Copyright © 2006. John Benjamins Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language ...artsandsciences.sc.edu/appalachianenglish/sites... · þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language Variation

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Page 1: þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language ...artsandsciences.sc.edu/appalachianenglish/sites... · þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language Variation

þÿ�M�u�r�r�a�y�,� �T�h�o�m�a�s� �E�.�,� �a�n�d� �S�i�m�o�n�,� �B�e�t�h� �L�e�e�,� �e�d�s�.� �L�a�n�g�u�a�g�e� �V�a�r�i�a�t�i�o�n� �a�n�d� �C�h�a�n�g�e� �i�n� �t�h�e� �A�m�e�r�i�c�a�n� �M�i�d�l�a�n�d� �:� � �A� �N�e�w� �L�o�o�k� �a�t� ��H�e�a�r�t�l�a�n�d �� �E�n�g�l�i�s�h�.� �P�h�i�l�a�d�e�l�p�h�i�a�,� �P�A�,� �U�S�A�:� �J�o�h�n� �B�e�n�j�a�m�i�n�s� �P�u�b�l�i�s�h�i�n�g� �C�o�m�p�a�n�y�,� �2�0�0�6�.� �P�r�o�Q�u�e�s�t� �e�b�r�a�r�y�.� �W�e�b�.� �2�9� �N�o�v�e�m�b�e�r� �2�0�1�4�.Copyright © 2006. John Benjamins Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Page 2: þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language ...artsandsciences.sc.edu/appalachianenglish/sites... · þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language Variation

þÿ�M�u�r�r�a�y�,� �T�h�o�m�a�s� �E�.�,� �a�n�d� �S�i�m�o�n�,� �B�e�t�h� �L�e�e�,� �e�d�s�.� �L�a�n�g�u�a�g�e� �V�a�r�i�a�t�i�o�n� �a�n�d� �C�h�a�n�g�e� �i�n� �t�h�e� �A�m�e�r�i�c�a�n� �M�i�d�l�a�n�d� �:� � �A� �N�e�w� �L�o�o�k� �a�t� ��H�e�a�r�t�l�a�n�d �� �E�n�g�l�i�s�h�.� �P�h�i�l�a�d�e�l�p�h�i�a�,� �P�A�,� �U�S�A�:� �J�o�h�n� �B�e�n�j�a�m�i�n�s� �P�u�b�l�i�s�h�i�n�g� �C�o�m�p�a�n�y�,� �2�0�0�6�.� �P�r�o�Q�u�e�s�t� �e�b�r�a�r�y�.� �W�e�b�.� �2�9� �N�o�v�e�m�b�e�r� �2�0�1�4�.Copyright © 2006. John Benjamins Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Page 3: þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language ...artsandsciences.sc.edu/appalachianenglish/sites... · þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language Variation

þÿ�M�u�r�r�a�y�,� �T�h�o�m�a�s� �E�.�,� �a�n�d� �S�i�m�o�n�,� �B�e�t�h� �L�e�e�,� �e�d�s�.� �L�a�n�g�u�a�g�e� �V�a�r�i�a�t�i�o�n� �a�n�d� �C�h�a�n�g�e� �i�n� �t�h�e� �A�m�e�r�i�c�a�n� �M�i�d�l�a�n�d� �:� � �A� �N�e�w� �L�o�o�k� �a�t� ��H�e�a�r�t�l�a�n�d �� �E�n�g�l�i�s�h�.� �P�h�i�l�a�d�e�l�p�h�i�a�,� �P�A�,� �U�S�A�:� �J�o�h�n� �B�e�n�j�a�m�i�n�s� �P�u�b�l�i�s�h�i�n�g� �C�o�m�p�a�n�y�,� �2�0�0�6�.� �P�r�o�Q�u�e�s�t� �e�b�r�a�r�y�.� �W�e�b�.� �2�9� �N�o�v�e�m�b�e�r� �2�0�1�4�.Copyright © 2006. John Benjamins Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Page 4: þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language ...artsandsciences.sc.edu/appalachianenglish/sites... · þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language Variation

þÿ�M�u�r�r�a�y�,� �T�h�o�m�a�s� �E�.�,� �a�n�d� �S�i�m�o�n�,� �B�e�t�h� �L�e�e�,� �e�d�s�.� �L�a�n�g�u�a�g�e� �V�a�r�i�a�t�i�o�n� �a�n�d� �C�h�a�n�g�e� �i�n� �t�h�e� �A�m�e�r�i�c�a�n� �M�i�d�l�a�n�d� �:� � �A� �N�e�w� �L�o�o�k� �a�t� ��H�e�a�r�t�l�a�n�d �� �E�n�g�l�i�s�h�.� �P�h�i�l�a�d�e�l�p�h�i�a�,� �P�A�,� �U�S�A�:� �J�o�h�n� �B�e�n�j�a�m�i�n�s� �P�u�b�l�i�s�h�i�n�g� �C�o�m�p�a�n�y�,� �2�0�0�6�.� �P�r�o�Q�u�e�s�t� �e�b�r�a�r�y�.� �W�e�b�.� �2�9� �N�o�v�e�m�b�e�r� �2�0�1�4�.Copyright © 2006. John Benjamins Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Page 5: þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language ...artsandsciences.sc.edu/appalachianenglish/sites... · þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language Variation

þÿ�M�u�r�r�a�y�,� �T�h�o�m�a�s� �E�.�,� �a�n�d� �S�i�m�o�n�,� �B�e�t�h� �L�e�e�,� �e�d�s�.� �L�a�n�g�u�a�g�e� �V�a�r�i�a�t�i�o�n� �a�n�d� �C�h�a�n�g�e� �i�n� �t�h�e� �A�m�e�r�i�c�a�n� �M�i�d�l�a�n�d� �:� � �A� �N�e�w� �L�o�o�k� �a�t� ��H�e�a�r�t�l�a�n�d �� �E�n�g�l�i�s�h�.� �P�h�i�l�a�d�e�l�p�h�i�a�,� �P�A�,� �U�S�A�:� �J�o�h�n� �B�e�n�j�a�m�i�n�s� �P�u�b�l�i�s�h�i�n�g� �C�o�m�p�a�n�y�,� �2�0�0�6�.� �P�r�o�Q�u�e�s�t� �e�b�r�a�r�y�.� �W�e�b�.� �2�9� �N�o�v�e�m�b�e�r� �2�0�1�4�.Copyright © 2006. John Benjamins Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Page 6: þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language ...artsandsciences.sc.edu/appalachianenglish/sites... · þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language Variation

þÿ�M�u�r�r�a�y�,� �T�h�o�m�a�s� �E�.�,� �a�n�d� �S�i�m�o�n�,� �B�e�t�h� �L�e�e�,� �e�d�s�.� �L�a�n�g�u�a�g�e� �V�a�r�i�a�t�i�o�n� �a�n�d� �C�h�a�n�g�e� �i�n� �t�h�e� �A�m�e�r�i�c�a�n� �M�i�d�l�a�n�d� �:� � �A� �N�e�w� �L�o�o�k� �a�t� ��H�e�a�r�t�l�a�n�d �� �E�n�g�l�i�s�h�.� �P�h�i�l�a�d�e�l�p�h�i�a�,� �P�A�,� �U�S�A�:� �J�o�h�n� �B�e�n�j�a�m�i�n�s� �P�u�b�l�i�s�h�i�n�g� �C�o�m�p�a�n�y�,� �2�0�0�6�.� �P�r�o�Q�u�e�s�t� �e�b�r�a�r�y�.� �W�e�b�.� �2�9� �N�o�v�e�m�b�e�r� �2�0�1�4�.Copyright © 2006. John Benjamins Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Page 7: þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language ...artsandsciences.sc.edu/appalachianenglish/sites... · þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language Variation

þÿ�M�u�r�r�a�y�,� �T�h�o�m�a�s� �E�.�,� �a�n�d� �S�i�m�o�n�,� �B�e�t�h� �L�e�e�,� �e�d�s�.� �L�a�n�g�u�a�g�e� �V�a�r�i�a�t�i�o�n� �a�n�d� �C�h�a�n�g�e� �i�n� �t�h�e� �A�m�e�r�i�c�a�n� �M�i�d�l�a�n�d� �:� � �A� �N�e�w� �L�o�o�k� �a�t� ��H�e�a�r�t�l�a�n�d �� �E�n�g�l�i�s�h�.� �P�h�i�l�a�d�e�l�p�h�i�a�,� �P�A�,� �U�S�A�:� �J�o�h�n� �B�e�n�j�a�m�i�n�s� �P�u�b�l�i�s�h�i�n�g� �C�o�m�p�a�n�y�,� �2�0�0�6�.� �P�r�o�Q�u�e�s�t� �e�b�r�a�r�y�.� �W�e�b�.� �2�9� �N�o�v�e�m�b�e�r� �2�0�1�4�.Copyright © 2006. John Benjamins Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Page 8: þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language ...artsandsciences.sc.edu/appalachianenglish/sites... · þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language Variation

þÿ�M�u�r�r�a�y�,� �T�h�o�m�a�s� �E�.�,� �a�n�d� �S�i�m�o�n�,� �B�e�t�h� �L�e�e�,� �e�d�s�.� �L�a�n�g�u�a�g�e� �V�a�r�i�a�t�i�o�n� �a�n�d� �C�h�a�n�g�e� �i�n� �t�h�e� �A�m�e�r�i�c�a�n� �M�i�d�l�a�n�d� �:� � �A� �N�e�w� �L�o�o�k� �a�t� ��H�e�a�r�t�l�a�n�d �� �E�n�g�l�i�s�h�.� �P�h�i�l�a�d�e�l�p�h�i�a�,� �P�A�,� �U�S�A�:� �J�o�h�n� �B�e�n�j�a�m�i�n�s� �P�u�b�l�i�s�h�i�n�g� �C�o�m�p�a�n�y�,� �2�0�0�6�.� �P�r�o�Q�u�e�s�t� �e�b�r�a�r�y�.� �W�e�b�.� �2�9� �N�o�v�e�m�b�e�r� �2�0�1�4�.Copyright © 2006. John Benjamins Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Page 9: þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language ...artsandsciences.sc.edu/appalachianenglish/sites... · þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language Variation

þÿ�M�u�r�r�a�y�,� �T�h�o�m�a�s� �E�.�,� �a�n�d� �S�i�m�o�n�,� �B�e�t�h� �L�e�e�,� �e�d�s�.� �L�a�n�g�u�a�g�e� �V�a�r�i�a�t�i�o�n� �a�n�d� �C�h�a�n�g�e� �i�n� �t�h�e� �A�m�e�r�i�c�a�n� �M�i�d�l�a�n�d� �:� � �A� �N�e�w� �L�o�o�k� �a�t� ��H�e�a�r�t�l�a�n�d �� �E�n�g�l�i�s�h�.� �P�h�i�l�a�d�e�l�p�h�i�a�,� �P�A�,� �U�S�A�:� �J�o�h�n� �B�e�n�j�a�m�i�n�s� �P�u�b�l�i�s�h�i�n�g� �C�o�m�p�a�n�y�,� �2�0�0�6�.� �P�r�o�Q�u�e�s�t� �e�b�r�a�r�y�.� �W�e�b�.� �2�9� �N�o�v�e�m�b�e�r� �2�0�1�4�.Copyright © 2006. John Benjamins Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Page 10: þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language ...artsandsciences.sc.edu/appalachianenglish/sites... · þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language Variation

þÿ�M�u�r�r�a�y�,� �T�h�o�m�a�s� �E�.�,� �a�n�d� �S�i�m�o�n�,� �B�e�t�h� �L�e�e�,� �e�d�s�.� �L�a�n�g�u�a�g�e� �V�a�r�i�a�t�i�o�n� �a�n�d� �C�h�a�n�g�e� �i�n� �t�h�e� �A�m�e�r�i�c�a�n� �M�i�d�l�a�n�d� �:� � �A� �N�e�w� �L�o�o�k� �a�t� ��H�e�a�r�t�l�a�n�d �� �E�n�g�l�i�s�h�.� �P�h�i�l�a�d�e�l�p�h�i�a�,� �P�A�,� �U�S�A�:� �J�o�h�n� �B�e�n�j�a�m�i�n�s� �P�u�b�l�i�s�h�i�n�g� �C�o�m�p�a�n�y�,� �2�0�0�6�.� �P�r�o�Q�u�e�s�t� �e�b�r�a�r�y�.� �W�e�b�.� �2�9� �N�o�v�e�m�b�e�r� �2�0�1�4�.Copyright © 2006. John Benjamins Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Page 11: þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language ...artsandsciences.sc.edu/appalachianenglish/sites... · þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language Variation

þÿ�M�u�r�r�a�y�,� �T�h�o�m�a�s� �E�.�,� �a�n�d� �S�i�m�o�n�,� �B�e�t�h� �L�e�e�,� �e�d�s�.� �L�a�n�g�u�a�g�e� �V�a�r�i�a�t�i�o�n� �a�n�d� �C�h�a�n�g�e� �i�n� �t�h�e� �A�m�e�r�i�c�a�n� �M�i�d�l�a�n�d� �:� � �A� �N�e�w� �L�o�o�k� �a�t� ��H�e�a�r�t�l�a�n�d �� �E�n�g�l�i�s�h�.� �P�h�i�l�a�d�e�l�p�h�i�a�,� �P�A�,� �U�S�A�:� �J�o�h�n� �B�e�n�j�a�m�i�n�s� �P�u�b�l�i�s�h�i�n�g� �C�o�m�p�a�n�y�,� �2�0�0�6�.� �P�r�o�Q�u�e�s�t� �e�b�r�a�r�y�.� �W�e�b�.� �2�9� �N�o�v�e�m�b�e�r� �2�0�1�4�.Copyright © 2006. John Benjamins Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Page 12: þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language ...artsandsciences.sc.edu/appalachianenglish/sites... · þÿMurray, Thomas E., and Simon, Beth Lee, eds. Language Variation

þÿ�M�u�r�r�a�y�,� �T�h�o�m�a�s� �E�.�,� �a�n�d� �S�i�m�o�n�,� �B�e�t�h� �L�e�e�,� �e�d�s�.� �L�a�n�g�u�a�g�e� �V�a�r�i�a�t�i�o�n� �a�n�d� �C�h�a�n�g�e� �i�n� �t�h�e� �A�m�e�r�i�c�a�n� �M�i�d�l�a�n�d� �:� � �A� �N�e�w� �L�o�o�k� �a�t� ��H�e�a�r�t�l�a�n�d �� �E�n�g�l�i�s�h�.� �P�h�i�l�a�d�e�l�p�h�i�a�,� �P�A�,� �U�S�A�:� �J�o�h�n� �B�e�n�j�a�m�i�n�s� �P�u�b�l�i�s�h�i�n�g� �C�o�m�p�a�n�y�,� �2�0�0�6�.� �P�r�o�Q�u�e�s�t� �e�b�r�a�r�y�.� �W�e�b�.� �2�9� �N�o�v�e�m�b�e�r� �2�0�1�4�.Copyright © 2006. John Benjamins Publishing Company. All rights reserved.