2nd Semester Study Guide

List and define the six major roles that a muscle may have when contracting

Describe the general relationship between fixators and neutralizers and the muscle that is working

Compare and contrast the roles of fixator and neutralizer

Describe the role of a support muscle

Explain two ways in which in synergists can be defined

Why do muscles have striations? What is the purpose of them?

What is the purpose of nuclei in the three different types of muscles? What does the nuclei do?

How much of your body weight is muscle?

How do muscles make you move?

How many muscles are in the human body?

What is a voluntary muscle?

Where are involuntary muscles found and how do they move?

What happens when you pull a muscle?

What is the largest muscle in the body?

What is the busiest muscle in the body?

Describe how a muscle can have a partial contraction

Explain the difference between the intrinsic strength of a muscle and the extrinsic strength of a muscle

Describe active and passive tension of a muscle

Explain the relationship between leverage and the extrinsic strength of a muscle

Describe the advantage and disadvantage of a muscle with greater leverage

Define internal force and external force and give an example of each

Explain how to determine the lever arm of a muscle

List the three classes of levers and give a muscular example of each

Chapter 15

Know the following chart:

Muscles of TrunkMuscle Origin Insertion Action

Pectoralis major

Serratus anterior

Deltoid

Pectoralis minor

Trapezius

What effect does stretching a muscle of the body do for movement purposes?

Why is it important for people of all ages to participate in an exercise program?

When A single joint in motion under resistance with the purpose of targeting a specific muscle or

muscle group is the definition of what type of exercise?

What is stabilization and how is it used from an exercise standpoint

What is difference between and open chain movement and a closed chain movement? Be sure can explain and define an exercise for each where this movements are performed

What is plyometrics and how are the muscles worked out during these movements

What is aerobic and anaerobic capacity with regards to exercise? Be sure to define both and give an example of an exercise for each. Be sure to explain the process of energy for each.

Know the difference between a repetition and a set.

Why is rest important

What occurs when muscle hypertrophy takes place.

What is Human growth Hormone? What does it do.

Explain the process of blood doping and why is it so popular?

What are steroids and what do they control?

What is the difference between anabolic and corticoid steroids

Why do some athletes use the blood pressure medication propranolol?