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Muslim Achievement. Chapter 10 Section 3 Page 242. Muslim Society. Riches were flowing into empire from Africa, Asia and Europe This allowed Muslim rulers to build luxurious cities There, scholars preserved existing knowledge and produced enormous amounts of learning. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Muslim AchievementMuslim Achievement
Chapter 10 Section 3Chapter 10 Section 3Page 242Page 242
Muslim SocietyMuslim Society Riches were flowing into empire from Riches were flowing into empire from
Africa, Asia and EuropeAfrica, Asia and Europe This allowed Muslim rulers to build This allowed Muslim rulers to build
luxurious citiesluxurious cities There, scholars preserved existing There, scholars preserved existing
knowledge and produced enormous knowledge and produced enormous amounts of learningamounts of learning
Urban centers symbolized the Urban centers symbolized the strength of the dynastystrength of the dynasty
The centers were very impressiveThe centers were very impressive
Sophisticated CultureSophisticated Culture Centers of learning were located Centers of learning were located
throughout the Muslim empire in throughout the Muslim empire in Syria, Persia, Spain, and EgyptSyria, Persia, Spain, and Egypt
Many cultural traditions combined Many cultural traditions combined with Arabic culture to create an with Arabic culture to create an international flavorinternational flavor
Muslim society was one of the most Muslim society was one of the most sophisticated society in the worldsophisticated society in the world
BaghdadBaghdad Baghdad had a circular design Baghdad had a circular design
formed by 3 protective wallsformed by 3 protective walls The caliph’s palace was made of The caliph’s palace was made of
stone and marble and was in the stone and marble and was in the center circle along with a grand center circle along with a grand mosquemosque
A market place was outside the wallsA market place was outside the walls Population was 1 million at its peakPopulation was 1 million at its peak
The Round City of BaghdadThe Round City of Baghdad
4 Social Classes4 Social Classes Upper class-Upper class- born Muslim born Muslim 22ndnd class- class- Converts to Islam Converts to Islam -paid higher tax than upper -paid higher tax than upper class, but lower than non-class, but lower than non- MuslimMuslim 33rdrd class- class- “protected” people like “protected” people like Jews and ChristiansJews and Christians Lowest class-Lowest class- slaves who were prisoners of slaves who were prisoners of
war or non-Muslimswar or non-Muslims
WomenWomen According to the Qur’an, “men are According to the Qur’an, “men are
the managers of the affairs of the managers of the affairs of women”women”
Also declares that men and women Also declares that men and women who are believers are equalwho are believers are equal
Muslim women had more rights than Muslim women had more rights than European women in ancient timesEuropean women in ancient times
Power of Knowledge Power of Knowledge Rulers wanted the best doctors Rulers wanted the best doctors
treating their sick and injuredtreating their sick and injured Relied on mathematicians and Relied on mathematicians and
astronomers to calculate times for astronomers to calculate times for prayer and direction of Meccaprayer and direction of Mecca
Had a desire for truth and knowledgeHad a desire for truth and knowledge Muhammad himself believed in the Muhammad himself believed in the
power of learningpower of learning
House of WisdomHouse of Wisdom After the fall of Rome, Europe had a period After the fall of Rome, Europe had a period
where scholarship sufferedwhere scholarship suffered Muslim leaders preserved and expanded Muslim leaders preserved and expanded
scientific knowledgescientific knowledge In the 800s a combination library, In the 800s a combination library,
academy and translation center opened in academy and translation center opened in BaghdadBaghdad
Was called the House of Wisdom where Was called the House of Wisdom where scholars would translate Greek, Indian and scholars would translate Greek, Indian and Persian texts in ArabicPersian texts in Arabic
Remains of House of WisdomRemains of House of Wisdom
Arts and Sciences in Muslim WorldArts and Sciences in Muslim World
Scholars at House of Wisdom Scholars at House of Wisdom included researchers, editors, included researchers, editors, linguists and technical advisorslinguists and technical advisors
Developed standards for research Developed standards for research that exist even todaythat exist even today
Muslim contributions most Muslim contributions most recognizable in recognizable in medicine, math and medicine, math and astronomyastronomy
Medical AdvancesMedical Advances Persian scholar al-Razi (Rhazes) was the Persian scholar al-Razi (Rhazes) was the
greatest physician of Muslim worldgreatest physician of Muslim world Wrote several books including Wrote several books including Treatise on Treatise on
Smallpox and Measles Smallpox and Measles Al-Razi believed that patients would Al-Razi believed that patients would
recover more quickly if breathing in clean recover more quickly if breathing in clean airair
Based theory on experiment of hanging Based theory on experiment of hanging shreds of meat around Baghdad and shreds of meat around Baghdad and observed which ones spoiled slowly due to observed which ones spoiled slowly due to clean airclean air
An ancient diagram of the human muscle systemAn ancient diagram of the human muscle system
An illustration indicating where scalp incisions An illustration indicating where scalp incisions should be madeshould be made
Muslim scientists preferred to solve Muslim scientists preferred to solve problems by conducting experiments problems by conducting experiments in laboratoriesin laboratories
20 Greatest Inventions by Muslim Scientists 20 Greatest Inventions by Muslim Scientists
http://www.doodhpattiblogs.com/20-greatest-inventihttp://www.doodhpattiblogs.com/20-greatest-inventions-by-muslim-scientistsons-by-muslim-scientists
//
Muslim MathematiciansMuslim Mathematicians
Believed mathematics was the basis Believed mathematics was the basis of all knowledge of all knowledge
Mathematician Al- Khwarizmi wrote Mathematician Al- Khwarizmi wrote textbook in the 800s explaining ‘art textbook in the 800s explaining ‘art of bringing together unknowns to of bringing together unknowns to match an unknown quantity” calling match an unknown quantity” calling this technique al-jabr….or algebrathis technique al-jabr….or algebra
AstronomyAstronomy Muslim observatories Muslim observatories
charted stars, comets charted stars, comets and planetsand planets
This is an armillary This is an armillary spheresphere
By aligning the top By aligning the top rings with various rings with various stars, astronomers stars, astronomers could calculate the could calculate the time of day or yeartime of day or year
PhilosophyPhilosophy Scholars translated works of Aristotle Scholars translated works of Aristotle
and Plato at the House of Wisdom and Plato at the House of Wisdom into Arabicinto Arabic
Muslim philosopher Ibn Rushd argued Muslim philosopher Ibn Rushd argued that Greek philosophy and Islam both that Greek philosophy and Islam both had the same goal: to find the truth, had the same goal: to find the truth, but was attacked for many of his but was attacked for many of his ideasideas
LiteratureLiterature Literature was a strong tradition in Literature was a strong tradition in
Arabia before IslamArabia before Islam Bedouin poets composed poems Bedouin poets composed poems
celebrating ideals such as bravery, celebrating ideals such as bravery, love, generosity, and hospitalitylove, generosity, and hospitality
Popular literature included Popular literature included A A Thousand and One Nights,Thousand and One Nights, a a collection of fairy tales and legendscollection of fairy tales and legends
A Thousand and One NightsA Thousand and One Nights The premise of the collection is that a king The premise of the collection is that a king
who has killed his unfaithful wife and is who has killed his unfaithful wife and is determined to marry and kill a new wife determined to marry and kill a new wife everydayeveryday
A daughter of the kings vizier (government A daughter of the kings vizier (government official) has a plan to end his madnessofficial) has a plan to end his madness
She marries the king and begins telling a She marries the king and begins telling a story every eveningstory every evening
Hoping to hear the end of the story the Hoping to hear the end of the story the next day, the king keeps delaying her next day, the king keeps delaying her execution and finally gives up his execution and finally gives up his murderous waysmurderous ways
ArtArt Art styles were appreciated but Art styles were appreciated but
tweaked because it was not ok to tweaked because it was not ok to draw living beingsdraw living beings
Based this idea that only Allah Based this idea that only Allah creates lifecreates life
Many artists turned to calligraphy, Many artists turned to calligraphy, the art of beautiful handwritingthe art of beautiful handwriting
Much of the Muslim calligraphy Much of the Muslim calligraphy incorporates verses from the Qur’anincorporates verses from the Qur’an
ArchitectureArchitecture Greatest example of cultural Greatest example of cultural
blending of the Muslim worldblending of the Muslim world Location of the building reflected the Location of the building reflected the
culture of the people thereculture of the people there Used features popular to each area Used features popular to each area
like arches, domes and heating like arches, domes and heating systemssystems
Lasting EffectsLasting Effects Though the unified Muslim state Though the unified Muslim state
broke up, Muslim culture continuedbroke up, Muslim culture continued Three Muslim empires, The Ottoman, Three Muslim empires, The Ottoman,
the Safavid, and the Mughal would the Safavid, and the Mughal would emerge and reflect the blended emerge and reflect the blended culture of this timeculture of this time