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NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON

ADVANCEMENT IN APPLIED SCIENCE

AND ENGINEERING

(NCAASE- 2020)

February 7th -8th, 2020

Convener Organizing Secretaries Dr. Narpat Ram Sangwa

Mr. S. N. Khaliya Mr. Krishan Kumar

Co-Convener Mr. Naresh Kumar

Mrs. Anshumala Sharma .

Mr. Sandeep Kumar Mr. Shahanwaj Khan Mr. Jaiveer

Organized by

MANDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BIKANER - 334001

In Association With

MANDA COLLEGE, BIKANER – 334001

Compiled and Edited By

Mr. Naresh Kumar

Mr. Jaiveer

NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCEMENT IN APPLIED SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Organized By Manda Institute of Technology, Bikaner &

Manda College, Bikaner. NH-11, Raisar, Jaipur Road, Bikaner 334001 (Rajasthan)

International Journal of Advance Research & Innovative Ideas in

Education (IJARIIE) ISSN No. (Online): 2395-4396

Page i

NCAASE- 2020 7th - 8th February 2020

Chief Patron Shri Ram Gopal Manda, Chairman

Patrons Smt. Suman Choudhary, Director

Dr. R. K. Beniwal, Director Academics

Organizing Chairpersons Prof. (Dr.) Ravindra Prakash Gupta, Principal, MIT

Dr. Bela Bhanot, Principal, MCB

Convener Dr. Narpat Ram Sangwa

Co-Convener Mr. Naresh Kumar,

Dr. Anshumala Sharma

Organizing Secretaries Mr. S. N. Khaliya Mr. Krishan Kumar

Mr. Sandeep Kumar Mr. Shahanwaj Khan

Mr. Jaiveer






Page ii


National Advisory Committee

Prof. (Dr.) M.P. Poonia (VC, AICTE, New Delhi)

Prof. (Dr.) D.S. Bhargava (Retd.Prof., IIT, Roorkee)

Prof.(Dr.) H.D. Charan (VC, BTU, Bikaner)

Dr. Y.N. Singh (Dean (Acad.), BTU, Bikaner)

Dr. S.K. Bansal Registrar, BTU, Bikaner

Prof. (Dr.) A.K. Dwivedi (CoE, RTU, Kota)

Prof. (Dr.) V. K. Jain (Gujarat University)

Dr. SurendraGodara (RTU, Kota)

Prof. (Dr.) NarendraBhojak (Govt. Dungar College)

Dr. Rohit Garg (Director, GNIOT, Noida)

Dr. Deva Ram Godara (Principal, GPC, BIkaner)

Dr. Ramesh Pachar (Principal, SKIT, Jaipur)

Dr. Sunita Choudhary (Principal,MEC, Bikaner)

Dr. S.K. Bishnoi (Govt. ECB, Bikaner)

Dr. C.S. Rajoria (Govt. ECB, Bikaner)

Dr. J.P. Bhamu (Principal, Govt. ECB, Bikaner)

Dr. O.P. Jakhar (Govt. ECB, Bikaner)

Dr. Y. B. Mathur (GPC, Bikaner)

Prof. (Dr. ) Sunil Kr. Gupta (PU, Jaipur)

Dr. Hitesh Dutt Mathur (BITS,Pilani)

Dr. ManojKuri ( Govt. ECB, Bikaner)

Dr. Bhuvnesh Bharadwaj (JECRC, Jaipur)

Dr. Neeraj Kumar (SGVU, Jaipur)

Dr. Pratibha Choudhary) (UCET, Bikaner

Dr Atul Kumar (MUST, Laxmangarh)

Dr. Sanjeev Jakhar (MUST, Laxmangarh)

Dr. S.P. Sharma (BTU, Bikaner)

Dr. B.L. Sharma (BTU, Bikaner)

Mr. K.K. Choudhary (GPC, Bikaner)

Mr. Prabant Singh Sandhu (UCET, Bikaner)

Ms. Karanjeet Sandhu (UCET, Bikaner)






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Committees for Arrangements of NCAASE- 2020

Name of Committee

Committee Members

1 Sponsorship/ Grant Mr. S. N. Khaliya, Mr. Krishan Kumar

2

Invitation Committee Mr. S. N. Khaliya, Mr. Krishan Kumar Mr. Naresh Kumar, Mr. Sandeep Verma

Mr. Shahnwaj Khan, Mr. Jaiveer Dr. Anshumala Sharma

3 Website Handling Mr. Sandeep, Mr. Jaiveer

4

E-Mail Handling/ Responding

Mr.Naresh Kumar Mr. Jaiveer Mrs. Rajni sethi Mrs. Pushpa kaler

5 Souvenir Editing and Designing

Mr. Naresh Kumar Mr. Jaiveer

6

Conference Hall Mr. Hanuman Dhaka Ms. Neelam chauhan Mr. Sukhveer Ms. Ramandeep kaur

7 Printing Work Mr. Jaiveer, Mr. Mahendra

8 Financial Affairs Mr. Sandeep Kumar , Mr. Neeraj Jain

9 News, Advertisement & Photography

Mr. Krishan Kumar , Mr. Hanuman Dhaka Mr. Jaiveer, Mr. Prakash Mehla

10 Poster Presentation Ms. Neelam Chouhan

Mr. Hanuman Dhaka

11 Boarding & Lodging Mr. Hanuman Dhaka

Mr. Prakash Mahla

12 Conference Hall Deliberation

Mrs. Rajni Sethi

13 Transportation Mr. Mahendra , Mr. Hariram

14 Registration/ Certificate Ms.Pushpa Kaler ,Mr. Rakesh Joshi

Ms. Ramandeep Kaur

16 Session Tea/ Lunch Mr. Prakash Mahla, Ms. Shabnam Bano

Mr. Hari Ram, Mr. Mohd. Jafar Mr. Devendra Dogra

17 Parking Committee Mr. Devendra Dogra, Mr. Rakesh

18 Sound & Projector Committee

Mr. Mahendra

19 Generator Handling Mr. Ram Kumar






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S.NO. TITLE OF THE PAPER AUTHOR

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

OP-01 CLIMATE CHANGE AFFECTS BIODIVERSITY

U. RATHORE, S.N. JATOLIA, S.K. VERMA, H.S.BHANDARI

OP-02

TO IMPLEMENT C PROGRAMMING FOR SOLVE SOME TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM USING COMPUTATION PERFORMANCE

MANOJ KUMAR, DR. AJAY KUMAR GUPTA

OP-03

LOW COST MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR TRANSMISSION LINE MODEL WITH WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

BHANU MATHUR, DR. RAJEEV KUMAR SINGH

OP-04 ADVANCEMENT OF PRODUCTIVITY BY PROVIDING CONVENIENT WORKING ENVIRONMENT FOR OPERATORS

NARESH KUMAR

OP-05

GENERALIZED FRACTIONAL CALCULUS OPERATOR OF p-EXTENDED τ-HYPER GEOMETRIC FUNCTION

DEEPAK KUMAR MEWARA , NARENDRA SINGH SOLANKI

OP-06 SYNTHESIS OF Co(II) METAL COMPLEXES BY GREEN METHOD

RAJA RAM, N BHOJAK

OP-07 DESIGN OF A VERTICAL WIND TURBINE TO POWER LED STREET LIGHTS

KESHAV SHARMA

OP-08 PV-STATCOM: A SMART INVERTER FOR VOLTAGE CONTROL IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

KRISHAN KUMAR

OP-09 ADVANCES IN SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS

SANDEEP KUMAR

OP-10

TRANSIENT THERMOELASTIC PROBLEM OF A FINITELENGTH HOLLOW CYLINDER IN SUMUDU AND LAPLACE TRANSFORM

FOR SOLVING PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

DR. NARENDRA SINGH SOLANKI

OP-11 IMPROVED PROMOTION STRATEGIES OF SMART PHONE MARKETING COMPANIES

RAVI SHARMA, DR. RITIKA MOOLCHANDANI

OP-12 A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN VARIOUS SOFTWARE PROCESS MODELS IN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT

HARISH MAHAJAN, DR. PUSHPNEEL VERMA

OP-13

COMPARED PROACTIVE, REACTIVE AND HYBRID TBRPS OF ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR VEHICULAR MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS

HARISH CHANDRA MAURYA, DR PUSHPNEEL VERMA

OP-14 MOBILE COMMUNICATION NETWORK JAIVEER






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OP-15 CLASSIFICATION AND CLUSTERING-USING INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES

GAURAV SHARMA

OP-16

HYBRID RENEWABLE ENERGY TURBINE USING WIND AND SOLAR POWER: A RENEWABLE SOURCE OF ENERGY SCENERIO IN INDIA

KISHAN LAL

OP-17 STUDY OF 4 WHEEL STEERING SYSTEMS TO REDUCE TURNING RADIUS AND INCREASE STABILITY

VIKRAM SINGH, VISHAL KUMAR

OP-18

INVESTIGATIONS ON QUALITY OF WATER IN BIKANER CITY

FARHEEN REHMAN, PRIYA GHUNAWAT,

RUKHSAR BANO, MANISHA DHOLKARIYA

OP-19 INTELLIGENT VARIABLE VALVE TIMING RAKESH JOSHI

OP-20 LOAD BALANCING IN MANET: ALLEVIATING THE CENTER NODE

PRIYANKA SHARMA

OP-21 CLIMATE CHANGE AND BIODIVERSITY DR. ANSHUMALA SHARMA

OP-22 DESIGN OF A VERTICAL WIND TURBINE TO POWER LED STREET LIGHTS

KESHAV SHARMA, RAMURAM MEHARIYA

OP-23 THE EFFECTS OF ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE ON JOB SATISFACTION

NEHA KHOKHAR, DR. RITIKA MOOLCHANDANI

OP-24 DETERMINATION OF POTASSIUM BROMATE IN BREAD SAMPLES FROM FIVE PLACES IN BIKANER CITY

RUKHSAR BANO,

SIMRANLEEN SINGH,

LALIT KISHORE LOHIYA,

PRIYA GHUNAWAT

OP-25 ARP SPOOFING: A COMPARATIVE STUDY FOR EDUCATION PURPOSES

RAJNI SETHI

OP-26 SOFTWARE DEFECT PREDICTION BASED ON CLASSIFICATION RULE MINING

SAHIRAM

OP-27

TRUTH BEHIND THE STREET FOOD: AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS

SIMRALEEN SINGH, LALIT KISHORE LOHIA, PRIYA GHUNAWAT, RUKHSAR BANO

OP-28 MULTIPAL USES OF ALOE VERA DIVYANSH SINGH, U.

RATHORE, N.BHOJAK

OP-29 EVALUATION OF SOFTWARE UNDERSTANDABILITY USING SOFTWARE METRICS

SHIRIN QUERESHI

OP-30 ENABLING MULTIPATH AND MULTICAST DATA TRANSMISSION IN LEGACY AND FUTURE INTERNET

ARUN CHHIMPA

OP-31 AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF FAKE PROFILES IN ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKS

KANDAS SWAMI

OP-32 RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES HANUMAN DHAKA

OP-33 FUTURE ENERGY CHALLENGES MAHENDRA






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OP-34 AGRICULTURAL POLLUTION SUKHAVEER PUNIA

OP-35 QUERY-TIME OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR STRUCTURED QUERIES IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL

ASRAF USTA

OP-36 THE SECURITY AND PRIVACY IMPLICATIONS OF ENERGY PROPORTIONAL COMPUTING

RAHUL RAJ

OP-37

FUZZY GALACTIC SWARM OPTIMIZATION WITH DYNAMIC ADJUSTMENT OF PARAMETERS BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC

VISHNU DUTT UPADHYAY

OP-38 FACTOR AFFECTING SOLAR POWER PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY

NEELAM CHOUHAN, DR. SANJEEV JAKHAR

OP-39 A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF UPQC FOR POWER QUALITY ENHANCEMENT METHODS

RAMANDEEP KOUR

OP-40 FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE

SHAHANWAJ KHAN, ALTMASH GOURI

OP-41

CHARACTERIZATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF WATER ASSOCIATED WITH METAL COMPLEXES OF SULFANILAMIDE THROUGH SPECTRAL AND THERMAL ANALYSIS

GARIMA PRAJAPAT, RAMA GUPTA, NARENDAR BHOJAK

OP-42 STUDY THE SHEAR PARAMETER OF VARIOUS SOILS USING MARBLE DUST AS STABILIZER

SHAHANWAJ KHAN

OP-43 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

PUSHPA KALER

OP-44 AUTO MATIC DESIGN OF SHEET METAL FORMING PROCESSES BY “UN-FORMING”

PRAKASH MAHLA

OP-45

LEACHING BEHAVIOUR OF TRACE TOXIC METALS FROM FLYASH, THEIR SEEPAGE CONTROL TO GROUNDHATER AND UTILISATION OF FLYASH

S.N. KHALIYA

OP-46

RESOURCE SUSTAINABILITY DR. LAXMI HARSH, SANDHYA

OP-47

NANOPARTICLE: HARNESS AND STORAGE

OF SOLAR ENERGY PARUL SHARMA

OP-48

GREEN CHEMISTRY AND NEW

TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS PRAGYA SUBHA RAMAWAT






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Messages






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Page ix






Page x

Message

It is a matter of great pleasure that Manda Institute of Technology,

Bikaner is going to organize an National Conference on “Advancement in

Applied Science and Engineering (NCAASE-2020) on 07th and 08th

February,2020.

I hope the National Conference NCAASE-2020shall be very useful

for delegates to aware with recent advances in technology, trends,

practical challenges encountered and the solutions adopted in the field of

Applied Science, and Engineering.

I wish the great success of the conference.

(Prof. H.D. Charan)

Vice Cha






Page xi






Page xii






Page xiii






Page xiv






Page xv

Shri Ram Gopal Manda Chairman, MITS, Bikaner

Message

I am very heartened to know that Manda Institute of Technology, Bikaner

in association with Manda College, Bikaner is hosting a relevant, inspiring

and enlightening event NCAASE- 2020. I learn that many technocrats,

educationalists and academic personnel from various levels are involved

in this National Conference on “advancement in applied science and

engineering” on 7th -8th February 2020 to exchange their experiences in

the respective domain. This technical programme brings together

academic luminaries.

A conference of this magnitude and importance requires the dedication

and effort of remarkably talented individuals. I take this opportunity to

congratulate the MITS fraternity for having devoted their time to ensure

that the preparations for the smooth conduct of the programme are done

properly. I wish the organizing committee, the very best in their endeavor

and my best wishes to all the participants and delegates.

Wish the conference a grand success.

(Ram Gopal Manda)






Page xvi

Mrs. Suman Choudhary Secretary, MITS, Bikaner

Message

I am extremely happy to know that Manda Institute of Technology,

Bikaner in association with Manda College, Bikaneris organizing a

National conference on “advancement in applied science and engineering”

on 7th – 8th, February 2020. This conference would definitely be an

inspiration and motivation for the students and faculty to enhance their

knowledge in the field of Renewable Energy. Researchers from various

streams of Science and Engineering will be sharing their research work in

the conference. More over technical talks by well-known resource persons

and interaction with students will give them knowledge about the present

trends.

I congratulate the organizing committee for organizing this conference and

I wish all the success for their future endeavors. This conference gives

them the experience and motivation to conduct an International

conference.

Greetings from MITS, Bikaner

(Suman Choudhary)






Page xvii

Dr. R. K. Beniwal Director Academics, MIT, Bikaner

Message

I am pleased to inform that a joint initiative has been taken by Manda

Institute of Technology, Bikaner and Manda College; Bikaner is organizing

a National Conference on “advancement in applied science and

engineering” from 7th -8th, February 2020 at Manda Institute of

Technology Society Campus.

We are also happy to share that we have received abstracts from so many

Scientists working in the allied areas from various states as on today. I

would like to express my appreciation to the coordinators, for their effort,

in organizing the conference which is of National relevance. I hope this

conference NCAASE- 2020 will be enjoyable, memorable and productive

for the participants and looking forward to further technological events

those results from your networking and discussions.

I wish The Event All Success.

(Dr. R. K. Beniwal)






Page xviii

Prof. (Dr). RavindraPrakash Gupta Principal, MIT, Bikaner

Message

I’m happy to learn that academicians, scientists, senior scholars, teachers

and student across country have come forward enthusiastically to

participate in National Conference on “advancement in applied science

and engineering” going to be organized on 7th -8th , February 2020 . The

conference will serve as a as a multi-disciplinary platform to discuss the

advances, science and engineering and trends in the various field of

science and engineering. I am sure that the combined efforts of the whole

organizing team of the conference will surely bring this conference a great

success.

Prof. (Dr) Ravindra Prakash Gupta






Page xix

Dr. Bela Bhanot Principal, Manda College, Bikaner

Message

It is a matter of immense delight that MITS is organizing national

conference. The conference shall certain provide a common platform in

bringing to gather various group of researchers to interact discuss and

exchange their views.

I hope this conference with the active participation of teacher, scientists,

technologists and scholars engaged in the field of science and technology

will prove a mile-stone.

Dr. Bela Bhanot






Page xx

Er.Hardayal Singh Principal, Manda Private ITI, Bikaner

Message

It gives me immense pleasure to know that Manda Institute of Technology

and Manda College, is organizing National Conference on “advancement in

applied science and engineering” on 7th -8th February 2020. The theme

of the Conference is of great relevance and I hope a large number of

academicians, Scholars, technologies and researches from all over the

country will deliberate on issues related to the subject. The Organizing

committee of the conference deserves my Congratulation for this applauds

able initiative and the efforts they are putting into make it a grand

success.

I humbly wish for the greater successes of the confidence efforts made in

this direction are highly appreciated.

(Hardayal Singh)






Page xxi

Dr. Narpat Ram Sangwa

Vice Principal, MIT, Bikaner

Message

I welcome the participants of NCAASE- 2020. The main goal of organizing

this conference is to share and enhance the knowledge of each and every

individual in this applied science and engineering world. We have given a

good opportunity for those who have a thirst in knowing the present

technological developments and also share their ideas. Furthermore, this

conference will also facilitate the participants to expose and share various

novel ideas. The conference aims to bridge the researchers working in

academia and other professionals through research presentations and

keynote addresses in current technological trends. It reflects the growing

importance of intelligent applied science and engineering as a field of

research and practice. You will get ample opportunities to widen your

knowledge and network. Outside of the conference, I hope that you

would/will enjoy some of the many attractions found in and around our

beautiful campus Manda Institute of technology, Bikaner. Such a large

conference event is the culmination of many individuals.

I thank the conference committee for extending their valuable time in

organizing the program and all the authors, reviewers, and other

contributors for their sparkling efforts and their belief in the excellence

of NCAASE- 2020.

(Dr. Narpat Ram Sangwa)

Convener, NCAASE- 2020






Page 1

Oral

Presentations






Page 2

OP-1: CLIMATE CHANGE AFFECTS BIODIVERSITY

1U. Rathore, 2S.N. Jatolia, 3S.K. Verma, 4H.S.Bhandari 1, 2, 3,4GCRC, P.G. Department of Chemistry, Govt. Dungar College (NAAC ‗A‘ Grade),

Bikaner MGS University, Bikaner 334 003

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: There is ample evidence that climate change affects

biodiversity. According to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, climate

change is likely to become one of the most significant drivers of

biodiversity loss by the end of the century. Climate change is already

forcing biodiversity to adapt either through shifting habitat, changing life

cycles, or the development of new physical traits. Conserving natural

terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems and restoring degraded

ecosystems (including their genetic and species diversity) is essential for

the overall goals of both the Convention on Biological Diversity and the

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change because

ecosystems play a key role in the global carbon cycle and in adapting to

climate change, while also providing a wide range of ecosystem services

that are essential for human well-being and the achievement of the

Millennium Development Goals. Biodiversity can support efforts to reduce

the negative effects of climate change. Conserved or restored habitats can

remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, thus helping to address

climate change by storing carbon (for example, reducing emissions from

deforestation and forest degradation). Moreover, conserving in-tact

ecosystems, such as mangroves, for example, can help reduce the

disastrous impacts of climate change such as flooding and storm surges.

Keywords: Ecosystem, biodiversity, climate etc.

https://www.cbd.int/forest/redd/








Page 3

OP-2: TO IMPLEMENT C PROGRAMMING FOR SOLVE SOME

TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM USING COMPUTATION PERFORMANCE

Manoj Kumar1, Dr. Ajay Kumar Gupta2 1Research Scholar, Department of Mathematics Bhagwant University Ajmer, Rajasthan,

India. 2Department of Mathematics, Bhagwant University Ajmer, Rajasthan, India


Abstract: The aim of this paper we are developing a c programming to

solve some transportation problem using computational techniques. In

this article we are solve some transportation problem with the help of

Computational Technique. The Computational Techniques method is

better for solving Transportation Problem (TP). The model gives a very

good result in Transportation problem (TP).

Keywords: Computaional; TP; Cost; Techniques etc.

OP-3: LOW COST MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR

TRANSMISSION LINE MODEL WITH WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Bhanu Mathur1, Dr. Rajeev Kumar Singh2

1Research Scholar, Department of Physics Bhagwant University Ajmer, Rajasthan, India. 2Research Scholar, Department of Physics Bhagwant University Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to design antennas that are suitable for

the multiband and wideband communication systems. Before the design

work, it is essential to know about the basics of antenna theory. Some

important parameters that are essential to design the antenna are

discussed in this paper. Some general approaches used to achieve wide

operating bandwidth of microstrip antenna are also presented.

Keywords: Antenna; Bandwidth; microstrip etc.

mailto:[email protected]






Page 4

OP-4: ADVANCEMENT OF PRODUCTIVITY BY PROVIDING

CONVENIENT WORKING ENVIRONMENT FOR OPERATORS

Naresh Kumar Head, Department of Mechanical Engineering

Manda Institute of Technology, Bikaner (INDIA) E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: This paper is focused on the workplace environment in hot zone

and how it affects the health of workers. Health can affect worker‘s

productivity and performance and decrease due to poorly planned

workplace environment as this adversely affects their morale and may give

rise to lack of motivation and decrease in job satisfaction as a result.

There are lots of factor that will affect the working environment of

operators like noise, ventilation, regular and good remuneration, internet

facility, good library, regular promotion, communication flow, convenient

working environment. Above said factor that will affect the spirit and

morale of employees/ operators. In order to mitigate the effect of

temperature in steel industry and directly and indirectly effect of

production and rejection in steel industry due to temperature and

attendance of employee in different whether this paper has been carried

out.

Keywords: Productivity; Performance and Working Environment etc.






Page 5

OP-5: GENERALIZED FRACTIONAL CALCULUS OPERATOR OF p-

EXTENDED τ-HYPERGEOMETRIC FUNCTION

Deepak Kumar Mewara1, Narendra Singh Solanki2

1, 2 Department of HEAS UCE & T, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract: In this present paper, we establish generalized fractional

calculus operators involving Appell function F3 of the p-extended τ-

hypergeometric function. The result is obtained in terms of hadmard

product of p-extended τ-hypergeometric function and Fox-Wright function

pψq[z]. Special cases are derived for Saigo‘s hypergeometric, Riemann–

Liouville and Erdely-Kober fractional operator.

Keywords: p-extended Beta function, p-extended τ-hypergeometric function, Fox-Wright

function pψq[z], fractional calculus operators etc.

OP-6: SYNTHESIS OF Co(II) METAL COMPLEXES BY GREEN METHOD

1Raja Ram, 2N Bhojak GCRC, PG Department of Chemistry, Govt. Dungar College (A-Grade), MGS University,

Bikaner-334001


Abstract: In this research paper transition metal complexes synthesis,

spectra, characterisation and antimicrobial studies of Cobalt (II)

complexes with amide derivatives ligands have beenreported.

Physicochemical analysis, infrared, electronic spectra and magnetic

susceptibility studies have been used for characterisation. Antibacterial

studies of these amide ligand derivatives and its Co(II) metal complexes

have also been reported. These complexes show UV bands in region about

11376 cm-1 to 26315 cm-1 and tentative

assignment4T1g(F)→4T2g(F),4T1g(F)→4A2g(F),4T1g(F)→4T1g(P)

transitions. Cobalt (II) transition metal complexes have been concluded

octahedral environment with magnetic moment 3.87 BM. The synthesis

method is microwave forthe transition metal complexes have been found

easier, convenient eco-friendly and sustainable.

Keywords: Cobalt (II), Microwave, antimicrobial and Pyrimidine derivative.



[email protected]






Page 6

OP-7: DESIGN OF A VERTICAL WIND TURBINE TO POWER LED STREET LIGHTS

Keshav Sharma B.Tech. (Final Year), Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Bikaner


Abstract: Wind turbines and street lights are two expensive free standing

structures which can benefit from each other. The light poles are similar

to the poles used to place wind turbines in the air. A design to attach a

wind turbine to an existing light pole to help power the light would be an

environmentally friendly way to reduce costs of powering a street light.

The turbine should be small, weighing around 50 pounds. The production

cost of the turbine is intended to be below $1000. The turbine will use net

metering to the grid to store the energy rather than storing it in a battery.

The turbine will be 1 meter in diameter and 1.5 meters in height to reach

the requirements it must satisfy. It will have two arms that clamp to

existing light posts. The cut in wind speed for the turbine will be 2 m/s

while spinning at 150 rotations per minute. At the optimal level, the

turbine will be able to produce 50% of the wattage to power an LED street

light saving the government around $100 per street light per year.

The proposed idea for a wind turbine attaching to existing light posts will

allow cities to cut back on wattage used, at a low cost.

The city of Boston is currently moving towards the implementation of LED

street lights, which opens a perfect window for the production of small

wind turbines to power street lights. The wattage needed by an LED street

light is significantly smaller than that of a regular light, and can be

achieved by wind turbines that attach to existing light posts.

Keywords: LED street light, Wind turbines etc.







Page 7

OP-8: PV-STATCOM: A SMART INVERTER FOR VOLTAGE CONTROL IN

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

Krishan Kumar

Assistant Professor, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, MIT, Bikaner

E-Mail: [email protected]

Abstract: This paper presents a smart inverter PV-STATCOM in which a

photovoltaic inverter can be controlled as a dynamic reactive power

compensator-STATCOM. The proposed PV-STATCOM can be utilized to

provide voltage control during critical system needs on a 24/7 basis. In

the night-time, the entire inverter capacity is utilized for STATCOM

operation. During a critical system disturbance in the daytime, the smart

inverter discontinues its real power generation function temporarily (for

about a few seconds), and releases its entire inverter capacity for

STATCOM operation. Once the disturbance is cleared and the need for

grid voltage control is fulfilled, the solar farm returns to its

predisturbance real power production. The low voltage ride through

(LVRT) performance of the PV-STATCOM is demonstrated through both

EMTDC/PSCAD simulations and laboratory implementation using

dSPACE control. This proposed PV-STATCOM with a response time of 1-2

cycles can provide an equivalent service as an actual STATCOM in a given

application and possibly seek revenues for providing this service.

Keywords: Inverter; Voltage control; Distributed power generation; STATCOM etc.






Page 8

OP-9: ADVANCES IN SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS

Sandeep Kumar Assistant Professor, Department of EC Engineering, MIT, Bikaner (INDIA)

Email: [email protected]

Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive review on the solar

photovoltaic (SPV) systems for advanced applications in the present and

future scenario. Literature shows that the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV)

systems is lies in the range of 10% to 23%. Thus, the efficiency is the

important factor which must be improved further for the best

implementation and utilization of this emerging and useful technology

around the globe. However, among all the applications, Building

integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), Concentrated photovoltaics (CPV) and

photo-voltaic thermal (PV/T) are found to be the most technically sound

and exhibit that SPV may be a solution for the future energy challenges.

BIPV system reduces the area requirement as well as cuts the material

and infrastructure costs of the building and hence, fulfills the technical

thrust for smart building requirements. Recently developed CPV cells are

found to be feasible, most promising and cost effective technology having

higher efficiency and lesser material requirements than those of the other

solar cells. On the other hand, as the PV/T systems produce not only the

electricity but also the heat energy are found to be more useful, suitable,

and promising for most of the real life applications especially, where both

forms of energy are required simultaneously.

Keywords: SPV; PV; CPV; BIPV; PV/T etc.







Page 9

OP-10: TRANSIENT THERMOELASTIC PROBLEM OF A

FINITELENGTH HOLLOW CYLINDER IN SUMUDU AND LAPLACE

TRANSFORM FOR SOLVING PARTIALDIFFERENTIALEQUATION

Dr. Narendra Singh Solanki Dept.of HEAS University College of Engineering & Technology, Bikaner Rajastan, India


Abstract: In this Paper an attempt is made to solve the Problem of

thermoelasticity, an attempt is made to determine the unknown

temperature, displacement and stress functions of a finite length hollow

cylinder occupying the space D: α ≤ r ≤ b, 0 ≤ z ≤ hby applyingSumudu

and Laplace Transform techniques

Keywords: Hollow cylinder; unsteady state Problem; thermoelastic Problem; sumuduand

Laplace transforms etc.

OP-11: IMPROVED PROMOTION STRATEGIES OF SMART PHONE

MARKETING COMPANIES

1Ravi Sharma, 2Dr. Ritika Moolchandani 1Research Scholar, Department of Management, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan,

India 2Department of Management, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India

Abstract: The mobile phone industry has entered the era of smart

phones; consumers now have quite different views and demands of mobile

devices. To achieve the above objective I have not restricted my study to

just Marketing strategies of smart phones. In order to study about the

smart phone business in India, and to understand the scope that

Marketing of smart phone has in this business, I have extended to do a

detailed study of Smart phone market of the other competitors smart

phone companies. In this study we are presenting a business growth by

promotion strategies of smart phone in Indian market. Use of modern

smart phone has been ever increasing and has reached metros, urban

cities and is slowly reaching Indian villages. The aim of this paper

improved promotion strategies of mobile marketing companies.

Keywords: Phone; Market; Promotion; Growth; Business etc.






Page 10

OP-12: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN VARIOUS SOFTWARE

PROCESS MODELS IN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT

1Harish Mahajan, 2Dr. Pushpneel Verma

1Research Scholar, Computer Science Department, Bhagwant University, Ajmer 2Associate Professor, Computer Science Department, Bhagwant University, Ajmer

Abstract: In this paper we are conducting a comparison between software

development and process model approaches, i.e. sequential, incremental,

evolutionary, specialized and agile approach). In this paper complete these

models, as well as, it compares and contrasts between these different

models. Software development and process model consists of document

and planning and it contains a collection. It is established to be a part of

software engineering procedures. Moreover, the goal of software

engineering is to make a suitable working product and construct the

programs of high quality. Software methods (also called software process

methodology) can a set of connected activities that end up in the assembly

of the software process. An example of each approach is considered –

Waterfall model (sequential approach), Incremental Model (incremental

approach), Spiral Model (evolutionary approach), Formal Methods Model

(specialized approach), Extreme Programming Model (agile approach) and

RUP.

These activities might involve the event of the software process from the

scratch, or, modifying associate existing system. There are several models

for such processes, each describing approaches to a variety of activities

that take place during the process.

Keywords: Software; Process Model; Waterfall Model etc.






Page 11

OP-13: COMPARED PROACTIVE, REACTIVE AND HYBRID TBRPS OF

ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR VEHICULAR MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS

1Harish Chandra Maurya, 2Dr Pushpneel Verma

1Research Scholar, Department of CSE Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India 2Department of CSE, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India

Abstract: The main aim of this paper was to identify which ad hoc routing

protocol has better performance in highly mobile environment of vehicular

ad-hoc network and to give a survey of the VANETs routing Scenario,

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), the existing VANET routing

protocols and the exiting two mobility Models. VANETs, investigates

different routing schemes that have been developed for VANETs, and

providing classifications of VANET routing protocols within two

classification forms and gives summarization. There is no static

infrastructure. Vehicular Ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a special type of

mobile ad hoc networks in which vehicles are simulated as mobile nodes.

VANET contains two accesses: access points and vehicles, the access

points are fixed and generally connected to the internet. Each protocol

has different behavior in relation to performance metrics considered,

including the rate of routing packets sent, delay, and the debit. The

VANETs (Vehicular Ad hoc Networks) are a new form of mobile ad hoc

networks used to establish communications between vehicles or with

infrastructure located on roadsides. In a VANET network routing is an

important mechanism for finding and maintaining a communication path

between a pair of remote nodes. A Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET)

consists of vehicles which communicate with each other and exchange

data via wireless communication links available between the vehicles

which are in communication ranges of vehicles to improve the road safety

in city. The communication between vehicles is used to provide road

safety, comfort and entertainment. VANET consists of a collection of

wireless mobile nodes that are dynamically connected and can

communicate with each other without the requirement for any pre-

existing or centralized infrastructure.

Keywords: VANET; Network; Path; Packet; Nodes etc.






Page 12

OP-14: MOBILE COMMUNICATION NETWORK

Jaiveer Head, Department of Computer Science & Engineering MIT, Bikaner (INDIA)


Abstract: Mobile communication network is the improved communication

method that provides high speed communication. The Mobile WIMAX

communication provides the high speed video communication along with

quality of service, lack of reproducibility and reliability over the

transmission medium. This Mobile communication has replaced the

existing high speed communication technology with new technological

formation. In private networks where high speed communication is

required, the WIMAX communication under Mobile is able to provide such

higher performance communication. This network can be adopted for

telephone lines, video networks all can be connected through Mobile

WIMAX networks.

Mobile WIMAX is the fast, inexpensive and easily deployed

communication spectrum system which does not requires any frequent

licensing.This communication system also adopted by various

communication technologies. This communication system is provided by

for local and global networks. The challenge in this technology is to

provide the performance in seamless handoff situations. As the distance

increases and the network is required to switch between the areas, the

reliability of communication affects. On a standard estimation, most of

the communication loss is performed during the handoff or the switching

among the network. These network models provide effective utilization of

network resources and bandwidth. These networks basically applied with

authentication scenario so that the only valid license user can

communicate to the network. Such kind of deployed wireless links are

comparatively faster and less expensive. These links are significant to the

radio communication and provides the Gbit/s communication rate. But

these open space communication also suffers from some of environmental

impurities.In this work, the most critical communication model called

handoff is resolved by reducing the communication loss and

communication delay.

Keywords: WiMAX etc.







Page 13

OP-15: CLASSIFICATION AND CLUSTERING-USING INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES

Gaurav Sharma B.Tech. (Third Year), Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MIT, Bikaner

Abstract: Analysis and interpretation of DNA Microarray data is a

fundamental task in bioinformatics. Feature Extraction plays a critical

role in better performance of the classifier. We address the dimension

reduction of DNA features in which relevant features are extracted among

thousands of irrelevant ones through dimensionality reduction. This

enhances the speed and accuracy of the classifiers. Principal Component

Analysis (PCA) is a technique used for feature extraction which helps to

retrieve intrinsic information from high dimensional data in eigen spaces

to solve the curse of dimensionality problem. First, we implement PCA for

significant feature extraction and then FFNN trained using

Backpropagation (BP) and SVM are implemented on the reduced feature

set. Next, we propose a Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm-based fuzzy

clustering technique using real coded encoding of cluster centers for

clustering and clas- si cation. This technique is implemented on

microarray cancer data to select training data using multiobjective genetic

algorithm with non-dominated sorting (MOGA-NSGA-II). Finally, the four

clustering label vectors through majority vot- ing ensemble are combined,

i.e., each point is assigned a class label that obtains he maximum

number of votes among the four clustering solutions. The performance of

the proposed MOGA-SVM, classification and clustering method has been

compared to MOGA-BP, SVM, and BP...The experiment was carried on

three public domain cancer data sets, viz., Ovarian, Colon and Leukemia

cancer data to establish its superiority.

Keywords:- Cancer Classification; Feature Reduction; Multiobjective genetic algorithm;

Neural Network; Pareto-optimality; Principal components; Support Vec- tor Machine(SVM) etc.






Page 14

OP-16: HYBRID RENEWABLE ENERGY TURBINE USING WIND AND SOLAR POWER: A RENEWABLE SOURCE OF ENERGY SCENERIO IN

INDIA

Kishan Lal B.Tech. (Final Year), Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Bikaner


Abstract: An environmentally friendly combination of wind turbine and

solar energy collectors are provided. Solar photovoltaic material is secured

to the surface of the wind turbine tower to augment the power generation

capability of a wind turbine.

The wind turbine energy output is controlled by a power management

program and may be combined with the solar power energy that is

generated from solar photovoltaic material covering the surface area of the

body of the wind turbine's tower through an electrical subsystem

associated with the wind turbine, an electrical subsystem associated with

the solar energy collection system, and a combination subsystem

conductively coupled both the electrical subsystem associated with the

wind turbine and the electrical subsystem associated with the solar

energy collection system.

Keywords: Solar Energy Collectors, Solar Photovoltaic, Solar Energy Collection System etc.







Page 15

OP-17: STUDY OF 4 WHEEL STEERING SYSTEMS TO REDUCE TURNING RADIUS AND INCREASE STABILITY

Vikram Singh1, Vishal Kumar2 1,2 B.Tech. (Final Year), Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Bikaner


Abstract: In the present era of machined world where most of the work is

carried out with help of machines. Vehicles or automobile plays a vital

role in human life providing faster transporting facilities to them.

Nowadays, the every vehicle existed mostly still using the two wheel

steering system to control the movement of the vehicle whether it is front

wheel drive, rear wheel drive or all wheel drive. But due to the awareness

of safety, four wheel steering vehicles are being used increasingly due to

high performance and stability that they bring to the vehicles. In this

report, the performance of four wheels steered vehicle model is considered

which is optimally controlled during a lane change maneuver in three type

of condition which is low speed maneuver, medium speed maneuver and

high speed maneuver. Four-Wheel Steering – Rear Wheels Control. For

parking and low-speed maneuvers, the rear Wheel steer in the opposite

direction of the front wheels, allowing much sharper turns. At higher

speeds, the rest wheels steer in the same direction as the front wheels.

The result is more stability and less body lean during fast lane changes

and turns because the front wheels don‘t have to drag non-steering rear

wheels onto the path.

Keywords: Vehicle, Wheel Steering, Non-Steering etc.







Page 16

OP-18: INVESTIGATIONS ON QUALITY OF WATER IN BIKANER CITY

1Farheen Rehman, 2Priya Ghunawat, 3Rukhsar Bano, 4Manisha

Dholkariya M.Sc. (Previous), GCRC, P.G. Department of Chemistry, Government Dungar College,

BKN, Rajasthan


Abstract: Water distinguishes our planet compared to all the others we

know about. While the global supply of available freshwater is more than

adequate to meet all current and foreseeable water demands, its spatial

and temporal distributions are not. There are many regions where our

freshwater resources are inadequate to meet domestic, economic

development and environmental needs. In such regions, the lack of

adequate clean water to meet human drinking water and sanitation needs

is indeed a constraint on human health and productivity and hence on

economic development as well as on the maintenance of a clean

environment and healthy ecosystems. All of us involved in research must

find ways to remove these constraints. We face multiple challenges in

doing that, especially given a changing and uncertain future climate, and

a rapidly growing population that is driving increased social and economic

development, globalization, and urbanization. There are several steps of

water quality monitoring one is the determination of hardness Excessive

hardness of water is a major problem. This paper deals with the

investigations on quality of water via determination of hardness in the

samples collected from different areas of Bikaner city. Results of this

study reveal that it is customary to collect rainwater via rainwater

harvesting system at all houses and educational institutes, like at Govt

Dungar College, we have such system. This not only increases the water

table in earth but it also helps to cater the needs of safe and clean water.

Keywords: Globalization; Urbanization; Rainwater Harvesting System etc.







Page 17

OP-19: INTELLIGENT VARIABLE VALVE TIMING

Rakesh Joshi Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, MIT, Bikaner


Abstract: The most important challenge facing car manufacturers today

is to offer vehicles that deliver excellent fuel efficiency and superb

performance while maintaining cleaner emissions and driving comfort.

This paper deals with I-VTEC (intelligent-Variable valve Timing and lift

Electronic Control) engine technology which is one of the advanced

technology in the IC engine. I-VTEC is the new trend in Honda‘s latest

large capacity four cylinder petrol engine family. The name is derived from

‗intelligent‘ combustion control technologies that match outstanding fuel

economy, cleaner emissions and reduced weight with high output and

greatly improved torque characteristics in all speed range. The design

cleverly combines the highly renowned VTEC system - which varies the

timing and amount of lift of the valves - with Variable Timing Control.

VTC is able to advance and retard inlet valve opening by altering the

phasing of the inlet camshaft to best match the engine load at any given

moment. The two systems work in concern under the close control of the

engine management system delivering improved cylinder charging and

combustion efficiency, reduced intake resistance, and improved exhaust

gas recirculation among the benefits. I-VTEC technology offers

tremendous flexibility since it is able to fully maximize engine potential

over its complete range of operation. In short Honda's I-VTEC technology

gives us the best in vehicle performance.

Keywords: I-VTEC; VTC etc

.






Page 18

OP-20: LOAD BALANCING IN MANET: ALLEVIATING THE CENTER NODE

Priyanka Sharma

B.Tech. (Third Year), Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MIT, Bikaner

Abstract: Load balancing is an essential requirement of any multi-hop

wireless network. A wireless routing protocol is accessed on its ability to

distribute traffic over the network nodes and a good routing protocol

achieves this without introducing un- acceptable delay. The most obvious

benefit is manifested in increasing the life of a battery operated node

which can eventually increase the longevity of the entire network. In the

endeavor of finding the shortest distance between any two nodes to

transmit data fast the center nodes become the famous picks. The

centrally located nodes connect many subnetworks and serve as gateways

to some subnetworks that become partitioned from the rest of the network

in its absence. Thus, the lifetime of the center nodes become a bottleneck

for connectivity of a subnetwork prior to its partition from the rest of the

network. An unbiased load can cause congestion in the network which

impacts the overall throughput, packet delivery ratio and the average end

to end delay. In, this thesis we have mitigated the unbiased load

distribution on centrally located nodes by pushing traffic further to the

peripheral nodes without compromising the average end to end delay for a

greater network longevity and performances. We proposed a novel routing

metric, load and a minimization criterion to decide a path that involves

nodes with less load burden on them. The simulations of the proposed

mechanism run on NS-2.34 for 16 and 50 nodes have revealed an average

2.26% reduction of load on the center node in comparison with AOMDV.

Keywords: Routing Protocol, Wireless Routing Algorithm, Improving performance of MANET etc.






Page 19

OP-21: CLIMATE CHANGE AND BIODIVERSITY Dr. Anshumala Sharma

Associate Professor, Manda Institute of Technology, Bikaner (INDIA)


Abstract: In the atmosphere, greenhouse gases act like the glass roof of a

greenhouse by trapping heat and warming the planet. As a result, the

Earth‘s surface and lower atmosphere are warming, and this rise in

temperature is accompanied by many other changes. According to the

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group I

(WGI) Fourth Assessment Report, from 1850 to 2005, the average global

temperature increased by about 0.76ºC and global mean sea level rose by

12 to 22 cm during the last century. These changes are affecting the

entire world, from low-lying islands in the tropics to the vast Polar

Regions. Climate change predictions are not encouraging; according to the

IPCC WGI Fourth Assessment Report, a further increase in temperatures

of 1.4°C to 5.8°C by 2100 is projected. Predicted impacts associated with

such temperature increase include: a further rise in global mean sea level,

changes in precipitation patterns, and more people at risk from

dangerous ―vector-borne diseases‖ such as malaria. The present global

biota has been affected by fluctuating Pleistocene (last 1.8 million years)

concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide, temperature, precipitation,

and has coped through evolutionary changes, and the adoption of natural

adaptive strategies. Habitat fragmentation has confined many species to

relatively small areas within their previous ranges, resulting in reduced

genetic variability. Warming beyond the ceiling of temperatures reached

during the Pleistocene will stress ecosystems and their biodiversity far

beyond the levels imposed by the global climatic change that occurred in

the recent evolutionary past. Current rates and magnitude of species

extinction far exceed normal background rates. Human activities have

already resulted in the loss of biodiversity and thus may have affected

goods and services crucial for human well-being. The rate and magnitude

of climate change induced by increased greenhouse gases emissions has

and will continue to affect biodiversity either directly or in combination

with other drivers of change.

Keywords: Greenhouse gases, Climate Change, Biodiversity.







Page 20

OP-22: DESIGN OF A VERTICAL WIND TURBINE TO POWER LED STREET LIGHTS

1Keshav Sharma, 2Ramuram Mehariya

1, 2 B.Tech. (Final Year), Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Bikaner

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract: Wind turbines and street lights are two expensive free standing

structures which can benefit from each other. The light poles are similar

to the poles used to place wind turbines in the air. A design to attach a

wind turbine to an existing light pole to help power the light would be an

environmentally friendly way to reduce costs of powering a street light.

The turbine should be small, weighing around 50 pounds. The production

cost of the turbine is intended to be below $1000. The turbine will use net

metering to the grid to store the energy rather than storing it in a battery.

The turbine will be 1 meter in diameter and 1.5 meters in height to reach

the requirements it must satisfy. It will have two arms that clamp to

existing light posts. The cut in wind speed for the turbine will be 2 m/s

while spinning at 150 rotations per minute. At the optimal level, the

turbine will be able to produce 50% of the wattage to power an LED street

light saving the government around $100 per street light per year.

The proposed idea for a wind turbine attaching to existing light posts will

allow cities to cut back on wattage used, at a low cost.

The city of Boston is currently moving towards the implementation of LED

street lights, which opens a perfect window for the production of small

wind turbines to power street lights. The wattage needed by an LED street

light is significantly smaller than that of a regular light, and can be

achieved by wind turbines that attach to existing light posts.

Keywords: Wind turbine, LED etc.








Page 21

OP-23: THE EFFECTS OF ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE ON JOB

SATISFACTION

1Neha khokhar, 2Dr. Ritika Moolchandani 1Management Department, Bhagwant University, Ajmer

2Assiastant Professor, Management Department, Bhagwant University, Ajmer

Abstract: The level of job satisfaction and effectiveness of each human

depends on an appropriate organization structure; the form of

organization structure is the prescribed pattern of work-related behavior

that is intentionally established for the achievement of organizational

goals. During the past decade, there has been a lot of discussion in the

corporate world, about organizational structure, and a lot of

organizational success and job satisfaction by the employee that is

associated with that structure. The aim of this paper we are studding on

the effects of organization structure on employee. There is a significant

relationship between organizational structure and effectiveness, and there

is no significant relationship between mechanistic structure and

effectiveness. The main target of this study is to understand the

organizational behavior, various techniques and ingredients that

constitute it and finally to bring out their effects on employees and their

job satisfaction. Data for the study were obtained from both primary and

secondary sources. A total of 335 questionnaires out of 3711 executives of

leading banks were randomly administered in select banks. However, only

280 of the administered questionnaires were filled out and returned and

259 questionnaires were found useful for data analysis.

Keywords: Satisfaction; Effectiveness; Relationship; Organization etc.






Page 22

OP-24: DETERMINATION OF POTASSIUM BROMATE IN BREAD SAMPLES FROM FIVE PLACES IN BIKANER CITY

1Rukhsar Bano, 2Simranleen Singh, 3 Lalit Kishore Lohiya, 4Priya Ghunawat M.Sc. (P),GCRC, P.G. Department of Chemistry, Govt. Dungar College (NAAC ‗A‘ Grade) BKN.


Abstract: It has been found time and again that processed and packaged

food contains additives and chemicals that are outright harmful to human

health.Bread that is the most common processed breakfast food, has a

suspected tumor-causing additives, potassium bromate and potassium

iodate in it. It is used to strengthen bread dough and most leading brands

of bread use this ingredient intheirproducts. There are several brands of

bread in India that use potassium bromate in their products.According to

CSE, potassium bromate typically increase dough strength, lead to higher

rising and uniform finish to baked products while potassium iodate is a

flour treatment agent.

In this paper report of analysis of bread samples is presented. All

the bread samples were collected from five different places in Bikaner city.

The samples were analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer for potassium

bromate (KBrO3). The content of potassium bromate in different breads

range from 5.615 -9.974mg/kg (mean 8.100mg/kg). The level of KBrO3

was found to be 281 to 499 times more than the permissible limit set by

FDA, which is highly toxic for consumers. A significant differences were

found in the potassium bromate levels of bread samples from different

bakeries (P<0.05).

Keywords: Packaged Food; Spectrophotometer; Flour Treatment Agent etc.







Page 23

OP-25: ARP SPOOFING: A COMPARATIVE STUDY FOR EDUCATION PURPOSES

Rajni Sethi Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Manda Institute of Technology, Bikaner (INDIA)

Abstract: ARP spoofing attack, one of the most important security topics,

is usually taught in courses such as Intrusion Detection in Local Area

Networks (LANs). In such a course, hands-on labs are very important as

they facilitate students‘ learning on how to detect ARP spoofing using

various types of security solutions, such as intrusion detection and

prevention systems (IDS/IPS). The preparation of these hands-on labs are

usually the task of Security Instructors who are required to select and use

efficient security solutions for their hands-on experiments; the problem

that presents itself is that most of these security instructors lack the

sufficient hands-on experience and skills. For this reason and because of

the diversity of the available security solutions, the security instructors

are having much difficulty when selecting the adequate security solutions

for their hands-on labs. Our analysis provides means for security

instructors to evaluate and select the appropriate security solutions for

their hands-on labs. In addition, we clearly show that ARP spoofing has

not been given enough attention by most tested security solutions, even

though this attack presents a serious threat, is very harmful and more

dangerously it is easy to conduct. As a solution, we propose the

requirements for an ideal algorithm that can be used by security solutions

to detect effectively any ARP spoofing attack.

Keywords: ARP spoofing, ARP spoofing detection, Denial of Service (DoS) etc.






Page 24

OP-26: SOFTWARE DEFECT PREDICTION BASED ON CLASSIFICATION RULE MINING

Sahiram

B.Tech. (Third Year), Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MIT, Bikaner

Abstract: There has been rapid growth of software development. Due to

various causes, the software comes with many defects. In Software

development process, testing of software is the main phase which reduces

the defects of the software. If a developer or a tester can predict the

software defects properly then, it reduces the cost, time and effort. In this

paper, we show a comparative analysis of software defect prediction based

on classification rule mining. We propose a scheme for this process and

we choose different classication algorithms. Showing the comparison of

predictions in software defects analysis. This evaluation analyzes the

prediction performance of competing learning schemes for given historical

data sets(NASA MDP Data Set). The result of this scheme evaluation

shows that we have to choose different classifier rule for different data set.

Keywords: Software defect prediction, classification Algorithm, Cofusion matrix.






Page 25

OP-27: TRUTH BEHIND THE STREET FOOD: AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS

1Simraleen Singh, 2LalitKishoreLohia, 3PriyaGhunawat,

4RukhsarBano M.Sc. (P), GCRC, P.G. Department of Chemistry, Govt Dungar College (NAAC ‗A‘ Grade) Bikaner


Abstract: The easily accessible food that is loved and eaten by most of us

includes the fried food or Fast Food that is available on the shops and

stalls that are either on the roadside or just a few miles away from

road.The preparation for the fried food starts form the starting material as

stuffing and covering that covers the stuffing material. The covering

material is generally all purpose flour or any other flour (comparatively

less). These covering material along with the stuffing is left in the open

environment(not covered by anything) so due to that these material

adsorb all the available gases and particulate matter around them,the

covering material adsorb these unwanted material and gases because of

the high adsorbing capacity of these flours due to their high surface area.

Unwanted, harmful and flying stick particles may adsorb on the edibles. A

gravimetric investigation was designed to estimate such material viz a viz

bacteria. Five samples were collected from different places including

popular namkeen vendors. The result for this designed experiment is very

surprising and being reported in this paper.

Keywords: Fried Food; Material Adsorb; Harmful and Flying Stick etc.







Page 26

OP-28: MULTIPAL USES OF ALOE VERA

1Divyansh Singh, 2U. Rathore, 3N.Bhojak 1Delhi Public International School 2, 3GCRC, P.G. Department of Chemistry, Govt.

Dungar College (NAAC ‗A‘ Grade), Bikaner, MGS University, Bikaner 334 003 E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Aloe vera belongs to the family Liliaceae commonly known as

Ghrita Kumari, the oldest and most commonly applied medicinal plant

worldwide.The plant Aloe vera is used in Ayurvedic, Homoeopathic and

Allopathic streams of medicine, and not only tribal community but also

most of the people for food and medicine. Aloe vera, a succulent plant

species, has a long history in folk medicine. Its clear, viscous liquid has

been used to treat skin problems and other disorders since ancient times.

The plant leaves contains numerous vitamins, minerals, enzymes, amino

acids, natural sugars and other bioactive compounds with emollient,

purgative, antimicrobial, anti inflammatory, anti-oxidant, aphrodisiac,

anti-helmenthic, antifungal, antiseptic and cosmetic values for health

care. This plant has potential to cure sunburns, burns and minor cuts,

and even skin cancer. The external use in cosmetic primarily acts as skin

healer and prevents injury of epithelial tissues, cures acne and gives a

youthful glow to skin, also acts as extremely powerful laxative.

Keywords: Aloe vera; Antimicrobial; Therapeutic; Medicinal Uses; Cosmetic etc.







Page 27

OP-29: EVALUATION OF SOFTWARE UNDERSTANDABILITY USING SOFTWARE METRICS

Shirin Quereshi B.Tech. (Third Year), Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MIT, Bikaner

Abstract: Understandability is one of the important characteristics of

software quality, because it may influence the maintainability of the

software. Cost and reuse of the software is also affected by

understandability. In order to maintain the software, the programmers

need to understand the source code. The understandability of the source

code depends upon the psychological complexity of the software, and it

requires cognitive abilities to understand the source code. The

understandability of source code is get effected by so many factors, here

we have taken different factors in an integrated view. In this we have

chosen rough set approach to calculate the understandability based on

outlier detection. Generally the outlier is having an abnormal behavior,

here we have taken that project has may be easily understandable or

difficult to understand. Here we have taken few factors, which affect

understandability, an brings forward an integrated view to determine

understandability.

Keywords: Understandability, Rough set, Outlier, Spatial Complexity.






Page 28

OP-30: ENABLING MULTIPATH AND MULTICAST DATA TRANSMISSION IN LEGACY AND FUTURE INTERNET

Arun Chhimpa B.Tech. (Final Year), Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MIT, Bikaner

Abstract: The quickly growing community of Internet users is requesting

multiple applications and services. At the same time the structure of the

network is changing. From the performance point of view, there is a tight

interplay between the application and the network design. We propose to

enable simultaneous multipath data transmission in order to increase

throughput and speed up such bandwidth-demanding applications as, for

example, file download. We design an extension for Host Identity Protocol

(mHIP), and propose a multipath data scheduling solution on a wedge

layer between IP and transport, which effectively distributes packets from

a TCP connection over available paths. We support our protocol with a

congestion control scheme iii iv and prove its ability to compete in a

friendly manner against the legacy network protocols. Moreover, applying

game-theoretic analytical modelling we investigate how the multihomed

HIP multipath-enabled hosts coexist in the shared network. The number

of real-time applications grows quickly. Efficient and reliable transport of

multimedia content is a critical issue of today‘s IP network design. In this

thesis we solve scalability issues of the multicast dissemination trees

controlled by the hybrid error correction. We propose a scalable multicast

architecture for potentially large overlay networks. We choose an

evolutionary networking approach that has the potential to lower the

required resources for multimedia applications by utilizing the error-

correction domain separation paradigm in combination with selective

insertion of the supplementary data from parallel networks, when the

corresponding content is available.

Keywords: Multipath Data Transmission, Multicast Network Thesis, ME Thesis, Master Dissertation, Computer Network etc.






Page 29

OP-31: AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF FAKE PROFILES IN ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKS

Kandas Swami

B.Tech. (Final Year), Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MIT, Bikaner

Abstract: In the present generation, the social life of everyone has become

associated with the online social networks. These sites have made a

drastic change in the way we pursue our social life. Making friends and

keeping in contact with them and their updates has become easier. But

with their rapid growth, many problems like fake profiles, online

impersonation have also grown. There are no feasible solution exist to

control these problems. In this project, we came up with a framework with

which automatic detection of fake profiles is possible and is efficient. This

framework uses classification techniques like Support Vector Machine,

Nave Bayes and Decision trees to classify the profiles into fake or genuine

classes. As, this is an automatic detection method, it can be applied easily

by online social networks which has millions of profile whose profiles can

not be examined manually.

Keywords: Social Networking, Fake Profile Detection, Vector, Learning, Master

Dissertation etc.






Page 30

OP-32: RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES

Hanuman Dhaka Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, MIT, Bikaner (INDIA)


Abstract: Renewable energy systems can provide clean, reliable, secure

and competitive energy products and services to help meet the rapidly

increasing global energy demand. In carbon-constrained world of the

future, renewable energy sources with zero net greenhouse gas emissions

will have an increasingly important role to play. Progress

towardsincluding the full externality costs relating to the use of fossil

fuels comparative economic analyses of energy suppMy system.The

electricity requirements of the world including India are increasing at

alarming rate and the power demand has been running ahead of supply.

Also generation of electrical power by cold based steam power plant or

nuclear power plants causes pollution, which is likely to be more acute in

future due to large generating capacity on one side and greater awareness

of the people in this respect. Renewable energies are inexhaustible, clean

and they can be used in a decentralized way (they can be used in the

same place as they are produced). The analysis of need of renewable

energy sources, the policies of India through MNES (Ministry of Non-

Conventional Energy Sources), Legal aspect of Government of India about

renewable energy sources.

This abstract elucidates about Different Energy sources, why we are going

for non-conventional energy sources, Different non-conventional energy

sources & comparison between them, about fuel cells and their

application.

Keywords: Alarming rate, Fossil etc.






Page 31

OP-33: FUTURE ENERGY CHALLENGES

Mahendra

Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, MIT, Bikaner (INDIA) E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: In this paper the author has described global energy trends,

and smart grids with their technology areas and smart grid technologies

challenges and an energy efficient future. The overall objective is to help

in identifying the future energy challenges and their solutions with

reliability and sustainability. Energy security is essential for economic

prosperity. This requires multidisciplinary approach by the production of

energy with convectional sources as well as non-conventional sources

along with integration of same with the power grids to meet out the energy

challenges of 21st century.

Keywords: Energy trends, Smart Grids, Non-conventional/Renewable source of energy, Conventional/Non-Renewable source of energy etc.

OP-34: AGRICULTURAL POLLUTION

Sukhaveer punia M.Tech Scholar (GT), Manda Institute of Technology, Raisar, Bikaner


Abstract: Agricultural pollution refers to biotic and abiotic byproducts

of farming practices that result in contamination or degradation of the

environment and surrounding ecosystems, and/or cause injury to

humans and their economic interests.Leaching of Pesticides, Herbicides

and other Agro-chemicals Herbicides and Pesticides among other agro-

chemicals are the overriding causes of agricultural pollution owing to the

numbers of invasive pests, weeds, and diseases. They are highly toxic and

have the potential of remaining in the environment for

ages.About, runoff is water from rain, melted snow, or irrigation that is

not absorbed and held by the soil, but runs over the ground and through

loose soil. As runoff moves, it picks up and carries pollution.Runoff can

be a problem in farming lands, cities, suburbs, and industrial areas.

Keywords: A Biotic, Herbicides, Runoff etc.






Page 32

OP-35: QUERY-TIME OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR STRUCTURED QUERIES IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL

Asraf Usta B.Tech. (Final Year), Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MIT, Bikaner

Abstract: The use of information retrieval (IR) systems is evolving towards

larger, more complicated queries. Both the IR industrial and research

communities have generated significant evidence indicating that in order

to continue improving retrieval effectiveness, increases in retrieval model

complexity may be unavoidable. From an operational perspective, this

translates into an increasing computational cost to generate the final

ranked list in response to a query. Therefore we encounter an increasing

tension in the trade-o between retrieval effectiveness (quality of result list)

and efficiency (the speed at which the list is generated). This tension

creates a strong need for optimization techniques to improve the efficiency

of ranking with respect to these more complex retrieval models.This thesis

presents three new optimization techniques designed to deal with different

aspects of structured queries. The first technique involves manipulation of

interpolated subqueries, a common structure found across a large

number of retrieval models today. We then develop an alternative scoring

formulation to make retrieval models more responsive to dynamic pruning

techniques. The last technique is delayed execution, which focuses on the

class of queries that utilize term dependencies and term conjunction

operations. In each case, we empirically show that these optimizations

can significantly improve query processing efficiency without negatively

impacting retrieval effectiveness.

Keywords: Information retrieval (IR) systems, Query Optimization, Query processing, ME Thesis, Master Dissertation etc.






Page 33

OP-36: THE SECURITY AND PRIVACY IMPLICATIONS OF ENERGY PROPORTIONAL COMPUTING

Rahul Raj B.Tech. (Final Year), Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MIT, Bikaner

Abstract: The parallel trends of greater energy-efficiency and more

aggressive power management are yielding computers that inch closer to

energy-proportional computing with every generation. Energy-proportional

computing, in which power consumption scales closely with workload,

has unintended side effects for security and privacy. Saving energy is an

unqualified boon for computer operators, but it is becoming easier to

identify computing activities by observing power consumption because an

energy-proportional computer reveals more about its workload. This

thesis demonstrates the potential for system-level power analysis—the

inference of computers internal states based on power observation at the

―plug.‖ It also examines which hardware components and software

workloads have the greatest impact on information leakage.. Finally, this

thesis includes modeling work that correlates AC and DC power

consumption to pinpoint which components contribute most to

information leakage and analyzes software workloads to identify which

classes of work lead to the most information leakage. Understanding the

security and privacy risks and opportunities that come with energy-

proportional computing will allow future systems to either apply system-

level power analysis fruitfully or thwart its malicious application.

Keywords: Social Networking, Fake Profile Detection, ME Thesis, Master Dissertation etc.






Page 34

OP-37: FUZZY GALACTIC SWARM OPTIMIZATION WITH DYNAMIC ADJUSTMENT OF PARAMETERS BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC

Vishnu Dutt Upadhyay B.Tech. (Final Year), Department of Computer Science & Engineering, MIT, Bikaner

Abstract: In this work, a fuzzy method for dynamic adjustment of

parameters in galactic swarm optimization is presented. Galactic swarm

optimization is based on the movement of stars and galaxies in the

universe, as well as their attractive influence allowing the use of multiple

cycles of exploration and exploitation to solve complex optimization

problems. It has been observed in the literature that the utilization of

fuzzy systems for dynamic adjustment of parameters in metaheuristic

algorithms produces good results when compared to using fixed

parameters in the algorithms. In this work, the adjustment of

the c3 and c4 parameters is made through the use of fuzzy systems

because these parameters have a significant role in the operation of

galactic swarm optimization. We tested the fuzzy approach with a set of

benchmark mathematical functions and with the fuzzy controller of the

water tank problem to measure the performance. Finally, a comparison of

the results is presented among the proposed method and other

metaheuristics.

Keywords: Fuzzy method Galactic swarm optimization etc.






Page 35

OP-38: FACTOR AFFECTING SOLAR POWER PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY

1Neelam Chouhan, 2Dr. Sanjeev Jakhar 1M.Tech. Scholar, Department of Electrical Engineering, MIT, Bikaner

2Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, MUST, Laxmangarh, Sikar

E-mail: [email protected], 2 [email protected]

Abstract: This Paper presents on solar power production efficiency.

Which affected by different types of environmental factors. The power

production from three different solar panels mountings, fixed, adjustable,

tracking will depend on several identified factors namely: cloud cover, sun

intensity, relative humidity and heat build up. As the result sun intensity

is directly related to power production. as sun intensiy increase the

power production increase as well. The other three factors exhibit an

inverse relationship with solar power production .as the values of three

factors such as cloud cover, relative humidity, and heat build up increase

the solar power production decrese.

Keywords: solar panel mountings, Efficiency etc.

OP-39: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF UPQC FOR POWER

QUALITY ENHANCEMENT METHODS

Ramandeep Kour

Department of Electrical Engineering, Manda Insttitute of Technology Raisar Bikaner


Abstract: Power is simply the flow of energy and the current demanded

by a largely uncontrollable load. Power Quality is a measure of an ideal

power supply system. The widespread use of Power Electronics based

equipment has produced a significant impact on quality of electric power

supply. Power Quality is an objective, measurable and clear metric that

tells us about the state of the power being supplied. Conventional power

quality mitigation equipment is providing to be inadequate for an

increasing number of applications. One modern and very promising

solution that deals with both load current and supply voltage

imperfections is the Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC). This paper

presents a review on the UPQC to improve the electric power quality at

distribution levels.

Keywords: Power Quality; UPQC etc.








Page 36

OP-40: FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE

1Shahanwaj khan, 2Altmash Gouri 1Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Manda Institute of Technology,

Bikaner. 2 B.Tech. (Third Year), Department of Civil Engineering, MIT, Bikaner


Abstract: In conventional concrete, micro-cracks develop before structure

is loaded because of drying shrinkage and other causes of volume change.

When the structure is loaded, the micro cracks open up and propagate

because of development of such microcracks, results in inelastic

deformation in concrete. Fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) is cementing

concrete reinforced mixture with more or less randomly distributed small

fibres. In the FRC, a number of small fibres are dispersed and distributed

randomly in the concrete at the time of mixing, and thus improve concrete

properties in all directions. The fibers help to transfer load to the internal

micro cracks. FRC is cement based composite material that has been

developed in recent years. It has been successfully used in construction

with its excellent flexural-tensile strength, resistance to spitting, impact

resistance and excellent permeability and frost resistance. It is an effective

way to increase toughness, shock resistance and resistance to plastic

shrinkage cracking of the mortar. These fibers have many benefits. Steel

fibers can improve the structural strength to reduce in the heavy steel

reinforcement requirement. Freeze thaw resistance of the concrete is

improved. Durability of the concrete is improved to reduce in the crack

widths. Polypropylene and Nylon fibers are used to improve the impact

resistance. Many developments have been made in the fiber reinforced

concrete. Key words: Fiber Reinforced Concrete; Steel Fiber; Glass Fiber;

Natural Fiber; Aspect Ratio; Mechanicaland Structural Properties.

Keywords: FRC; Steel Fiber; Glass Fiber; Natural Fiber etc.







Page 37

OP-41: CHARACTERIZATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF WATER ASSOCIATED WITH METAL COMPLEXES OF SULFANILAMIDE

THROUGH SPECTRAL AND THERMAL ANALYSIS

1Garima Prajapat, 2Rama Gupta, 3Narendar Bhojak

1Department of Chemistry, Govt. Engineering College, Bikaner-334001, Rajasthan, India. 2, 3 Department of Chemistry, Govt. Dungar College, Bikaner-334001, Rajasthan, India.

E-mail: [email protected],

[email protected], [email protected]

Abstract: Spectral (UV/Vis and Infrared Spectroscopic) and thermal

analytic methods (Thermogravimetric analysis TGA and differential

thermal analysis DTA) have been undertaken for the characterization and

quantification of water associated with transition metal complexes of

Sulfanilamide. Noticeable weight loss changes in the thermogravimetric

curves were observed between different temperature ranges,

differentiating between externally absorbed crystal water and coordinated

water. Spectral investigations have well supported the findings of thermal

studies. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for the dehydration

processes for the metal complexes have been evaluated through Integral

Equations of Coats and Redfern.

Keywords: Infrared Spectroscopic, Thermogravimetric; TGA; DTA etc.









Page 38

OP-42: STUDY THE SHEAR PARAMETER OF VARIOUS SOILS USING

MARBLE DUST AS STABILIZER

Shahanwaj Khan

Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering

Manda Institute of Technology, Bikaner


Abstract: The Rapid growth of industries of marble produce and the

production of steel Creates hazardous waste materials by a large extent

which cause a big problem to the humanssurrounding them as well as

acts as a pollutant affecting the ecological system of theenvironment.

Rajasthan is known for mining of minerals and marbles and dolomite.

District Kishangarh, Bikaner, Jhalawar, Banswara, Alwar, Sirohi, Ajmer

(Makrana), Jaipur etc. is known for the mining of Marble. These marble

industry and marble cutting units generate environmental problem also in

the form of waste chips and dust. The main objective of this research is to

investigate the possibility of utilizing waste marble dust in stabilizing

problematic soils (especially clayey & dune soils). In this research work it

is a main concentration to utilize this marble waste product in improving

shear parameters and other geotechnical properties of different type of

soil samples. In this research work two types of soil samples are adopted

for improving shear parameters and other geotechnical prope rties. One of

the soil samples is clayey in nature which is taken from Gajner (Kolayat)

and another one is dune sand taken from Lunkaransar (Bikaner). White

marble dust is used for this purpose. Varying percentages i.e. 5%, 10%,

15% and 20% of marble dust were mixed with sand and tested

experimentally. This research work shows the effects of marble powder

and sand on California bearing ratio, permeability and shear strength

parameters of clay soil. On the basis of these experiments, conclusions

have been drawn on shear characteristics and other geotechnical

properties of soil samples. Few suggestions to further research work are

also mentioned here.

Keywords: Stabilization; Atterberg’s limit; Testing of soil; Marble dust; Shear property etc.






Page 39

OP-43: GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Pushpa Kaler

Department of Computer Science & Engineering MIT, Bikaner (INDIA)

Abstract: Geothermal energy refers to the production of energy using the

internal heat of the Earth‘s crust. This heat comes from the radioactive

decay of minerals and continual heat loss from the earth‘s original

formation. The production of geothermal energy involves drilling wells into

the Earth‘s crust at approximately a depth of 3-10 km. The heat is

extracted with a variety of methods but in most cases is drawn from the

Earth using water and steam. Hot water from the earth may be extracted

to heat homes and buildings. This is done either by directly circulating

the hot water through buildings or by pumping it through a heat

exchanger that transfers the heat to the building. Geothermal heat can

also be used to produce electricity in a geothermal power

plant. Electricity is generated when geothermal heat produces steam that

spins turbines on a generator. Geothermal technology can only be used in

locations with specific geologic conditions. For this reason, the major

regions of geothermal development are in the most volcanically and

tectonically active regions of the world. For example, heat and power

plants can be found in Iceland, Indonesia, New Zealand, Hawaii,

California, and Ecuador. In these regions, it can make up a significant

portion of the power and heating sectors. When developed irresponsibly,

ground temperatures below the surface may lower. Geothermal is an

environmentally friendly technology because it produces little to no

greenhouse gas emissions. One concern with geothermal power is its use

of groundwater. The process of extracting this water may

unintentionally release carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide to the

atmosphere. Mitigating the release of these emissions is a key challenge

with developing this technology. Finally, the costs of geothermal energy

are largely incurred up-front. Simply put, it is expensive to carry out the

seismic sensing, test well drilling, confirmation testing, and other

necessary preliminary investigations to ensure that a geothermal plant

will be capable of meeting desired production specifications.

Keywords: Geothermal energy; electricity; production etc.

https://www.studentenergy.org/topics/electricity

https://www.studentenergy.org/topics/electricity






Page 40

OP-44: AUTOMATIC DESIGN OF SHEET METAL FORMING PROCESSES

BY “UN-FORMING”

Prakash Mahla

Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering


Abstract: Most sheet metal components are made by deep drawing, which

requires expensive tooling. Although many new flexible forming processes

have been invented, they have largely not had industrial application, so it

would be valuable if intelligent means to design new processes existed.

This has not previously been attempted, although there has been work to

classify both products and processes and to define optimal forming

processes. A body of work in garment production examines the optimal

flattening of garments, starting from their final form on a human body, to

deduce the best cutting pattern from flat fabric. This paper develops a

related approach for the first time, ―un-forming‖ sheet metal from its

finished geometry to a flat blank without prior specification of a process.

An algorithm is developed that allows specification of process constraints

and great freedom in implementing un-forming strategies, leading to a

prediction of the strain history of the un-forming process. Reversing the

direction of this history, allows prediction of the stresses in the work piece

required to form the target part, by use of an appropriate material model.

The external forces (boundary conditions) required to maintain

equilibrium with this stress state can then be calculated, allowing an

iterative refinement of the constraints on un-forming until a physically

achievable process has been designed. The approach is validated against

a known process, and used to demonstrate how several previously untried

forming strategies could lead to specification of new process designs. In

future work, the method could be extended to allow an iterative

specification of tooling to create the required boundary conditions, and

hence to complete automatic process designs.

Keywords: Sheet Metal; Forming; Un-Forming; Boundary Conditions etc.






Page 41

OP-45: LEACHING BEHAVIOUR OF TRACE TOXIC METALS FROM

FLYASH, THEIR SEEPAGE CONTROL TO GROUNDHATER AND

UTILISATION OF FLYASH

S.N. Khaliya

Professor, Head of Department of Civil Engineering


Abstract: The flyash of coal based thermal power plants is being dumped

openly from the last several years in the form of wet slurry in a pond

where leaching of trace toxic metals contaminate both surface and ground

water. The leaching characteristics of chromium (III), chromium (VI),

mercury (n) and arsenic from flyash were investigated at various pH

levels. It was estimated at pH 7.0 that about 40% of these toxic elements

present in flyash was leachatable and may leach out to groundwater.

Twelve monitoring wells were selected surrounding the dumping site for

studying these metals in groundwater. The ash transport water samples

of the pond were also examined for these toxic metals. PH of both surface

and groundwater were measured and found in the range of 6.5 to 7.8. The

concentration of these toxic metals in groundwater around the dumping

site as well as in ash transport water samples were determined by grafite

and AAS etc, spectrophotometric methods and the results are

incorporated in Table1. A control technology is suggested for seepage

control of these trace toxic metals to groundwater with proper synthetic

liners.

A method for flyash utilisation is developed for building materials/smooth

road or airport runway construction. In this method the fLyash is mixed

with bitumen (tarcoal) in the ratio of 70:30 at about 80–90 °C. The

specimen of flyash bitumen was a very strong tensile material after

cooling because of the flyash contains high percentage of oxides of silicon,

aluminium etc. It is a good way for utilisation of flyash as compared to

flyash brick manufacturing as a building material. The leaching behaviour

of these toxic metals in flyash bitumen was studied at various pH values.

It was found that the metals in the leachate solution in negligibly small.

Keywords: Flyash, leaching; toxic metals; pH effects; flyash utilisation; etc.

https://www.tandfonline.com/keyword/Flyash

https://www.tandfonline.com/keyword/Leaching

https://www.tandfonline.com/keyword/Toxic+Metals

https://www.tandfonline.com/keyword/Ph+Effects

https://www.tandfonline.com/keyword/Flyash+Utilisation






Page 42

OP-46: RESOURCE SUSTAINABILITY 1Dr. Laxmi Harsh, 2Sandhya

1, 2 Assistant Professor, Manda College, Bikaner

E-mail:[email protected]

Abstract: Over the last decades, the use of primary resources has been

increased due to the growing global population, the improvement of economies and a new life-style which is changing the habits of populations from high income and developing countries. However, some

goods, such as fossil fuels, free lands, metals and mineral reserves are mostly limited, while renewable resources such as water and recyclable

materials are commonly mismanaged. As a result, the sustainable use of resources is becoming mandatory for the development of current economies in a viable way, in order to maintain a clean environment for

long time.Since the second half of the 20th century, research and studies have focused their interest on environmental concerns such as air

pollution, water and soil contamination, excessive mine extraction, deforestation, waste mismanagement and unplanned land use, among others. This attention is due to the increasing frequency of events which

affect the lives of people worldwide and which are introduced mostly by anthropic activity. Hence, changing the form of industrialization, resource management and project development has been suggested by many

authors, providing many solutions that can be viewed as a real opportunity. For example, the main solution suggested is the inclusion of

the so-called ―Circular Economy‖ in current and future management plans. This theory has been developed in order to encourage change in the general behavior of public policies which adopted the concept of the linear

economy (i.e., buy–use–waste), introducing a few management steps to change the end-of-life stage of resources, with the aim of recovering and

reusing something that is not necessary at the current moment. Thus, the reuse of recyclable materials, the inclusion of renewable energies, the treatment of wastewater for its reuse, the construction of new facilities

adopting green policies (reducing the energy consumption and improving efficiencies), and the reuse of low-value materials, are all solutions that were recommended for the enhancement of new economies in a

sustainable manner and by viable means. On one hand, many efforts were introduced at international and local level for the adoption of these

proposals into new management policies. On the other, more studies are required, in order to boost the development of sustainable technologies and projects. This section focuses on original research and reviews

regarding the sustainable development and re-use of natural resources according to the principle of the Circular Economy. In this framework,

studies concerning the sustainable use of water resources, biomass valorization, recycling of waste, energy recovery, renewable energy provision and the sustainable exploitation of natural resources are

welcome as well as other related arguments, in the form of both specialized and interdisciplinary manuscripts. Keywords: Resource; Management; Sustainability etc.






Page 43

OP-47: NANOPARTICLE: HARNESS AND STORAGE OF SOLAR

ENERGY

Parul Sharma

M.Sc. (PREVIOUS), P. G. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY GOVT. DUNGAR COLLEGE

(NAAC- A GRADE) BIKANER, RAJ.


Abstract: Nanotechnologies have amazing ability to boost daily life across

a variety of disciplines. To meet with daily needs of power consumption,

requires much more to harness solar energy, which is attracting

tremendously researchers. The non renewable sources have a limit and

fear for future which insists to develop the alternatives of power

generation. The solar energy is safer and limitless for use if we have ways

to harness and store the energy. Big issue of harvesting and storage of

solar energy can be resolve by the use of nanotechnoilogy specifically

nanomaterials. At nanoscale material have high surface-to-volume ratio

which shows unusual properties, as the particle sized is reduced. So need

to develop such material in laboratory which is able to harness solar

energy at maximum.

Here is the idea to develop dye-Sensitized Solar Cells for generation of

electricity. The formation of TiO2 thin films, to sensitize the dye molecule,

as photoexcited electrons generated from the conduction band.

The fellowship will be helpful for me to explore ideas in the field of

renewable energy sources.

Keywords: Solar Energy; Renewable Sources; TiO2 etc.






Page 44

OP-48: GREEN CHEMISTRY AND NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS

(New Avenues for the Green Economy and Sustainable Future of Science and Technology)

Pragya Subha Ramawat M.Sc. (PREVIOUS), P. G. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY, ECB College, Bikener


Abstract: The chemical industry plays a fundamental role in sustaining

the world economy and underpinning future technologies and scientific

advances in new materials, less toxic products, renewable energy sources,

environmental protection, industrial processes with energy efficiency and

renewable raw materials. Green Chemistry (GC) or Sustainable Chemistry

aims, under greater societal expectations, for a sustainable global future

of the planet Earth, for the design of chemical products that eliminate the

use of hazardous substances for man and the environment.GC offers

enhanced chemical process economics, concomitant with a reduced

environmental burden. GC can be applied to design environmentally

benign synthetic protocols, to produce life-saving medicines,

environmentally friendly agrochemicals, new enzymes for biocatalytic

chemical processes, innovative renewable energy sources, energy

efficiency in chemical reactions, and innovative materials while

minimizing environmental impact.The ―bionic leaf‖ method achieved the

splitting of water by sunlight, the production of hydrogen and with the

help of bacteria the formation of isopropanol as biofuel. Biocatalysts

employed on large scale in the pharmaceutical synthesis delivering low

cost and high quality intermediates and drugs. Biodegradable polymers

and polymers from carbon dioxide have been advanced by many chemical

companies. Organic photovoltaic solar cells have been developed for low-

energy-production photovoltaic solutions provide electricity at a lower cost

than first- and second-generation solar technologies.Vegetable oils have

been used in numerous applications, including oil-based paints. The

replacement of oil with biomass as raw material for fuel and chemical

production is an interesting option for the development of biorefinery

complexes. Green Chemistry envisaged technological interventions for

traditional farming practices that will reduce environmental pollution and

increased yields of many crops. There is intensive research on renewable

energy sources for sustainable storage technologies (batteries). This

review contains and presents selected research papers and projects on

innovative green chemistry and green engineering which are aiming to a

sustainable future for science and technology and innovative chemical

products.

Keywords: Green Chemistry; Biotechnological etc.

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