Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
National Mussel Watch Monitoring
of the California Coast A collaborative effort between NOAA and California
Dominic Gregorio*, Yujie Jin*, Nathan Dodder**
*State Water Resources Control Board
** Southern California Coastal Water Research Project
1
California Water Quality Monitoring Council Meeting
August 29, 2012
NOAA National Mussel Watch Program
• Historic data, years 1986-2009
• California collaboration initiated in 2007
• Total of 71 sites along CA coastline
• Resident mussels
• Historically, 150 contaminants monitored
To support ecosystem-based management and describe the status and trends of contaminants
2
Why Mussel Watch?
• Mussels are filter feeding bivalves
• Mussels are excellent concentrators of bioaccumulative
pollutants
• Mussels are dominant organisms in rocky intertidal
environments and are important members of the marine
food chain
3
Historical Data
1986 - 2009
4
5
DDT Concentration 2007-2009 at ASBS
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
Po
int
La
Jo
lla
Scri
pp
s R
ee
f
Sa
n N
ico
las I
sla
nd
So
uth
Ca
talin
a I
sla
nd
Cry
sta
l C
ove
Sta
te B
ea
ch
New
po
rt B
each
Po
int
Du
me
An
aca
pa
Isla
nd
Sa
n M
igu
el Is
lan
d
Sa
nta
Cru
z I
sla
nd
Old
Sta
irs
Mu
gu
La
go
on
Ju
lia P
. B
urn
s
Po
int
Lo
bos
Carm
el B
ay
Pa
cific
Gro
ve
Lo
ve
rs P
oin
t
An
o N
ue
vo
Isla
nd
Fa
rallo
n I
sla
nd
s
Duxb
ury
Ree
f
Po
int
Re
ye
s
Bo
de
ga
Ba
y H
ea
d
Ge
rstle
Cove
Se
a R
an
ch
Pt.
Delg
ad
a S
helte
r C
ove
Kla
ma
th R
.
Site
Concentr
atio
n (
ppb/d
ryw
eig
ht)
ASBS Median85 percentile
South North
DDT Status (2007-2009 samples, in or adjacent to ASBS)
Highest concentration statewide
→
Total DDT Concentration 2007-2009 at enclosed bay and open coastal non ASBS
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450T
ijua
na R
ive
r E
stu
ary
SD
Ba
y C
oro
nad
o B
rid
ge
SD
Ba
y H
arb
or
Isla
nd
Ve
ntu
ra B
rid
ge
Mis
sio
n B
ay
Ag
ua
he
dio
nda
la
go
on
New
port
bay P
CH
Bri
dg
e
Sa
n P
ed
ro H
arb
or
Fis
hin
g P
ier
Lon
g B
each
An
ah
eim
Bay
Los A
ng
ele
s R
ive
rmou
th
Ma
rin
a D
el R
ey
Sa
n L
uis
Ob
ispo
Ba
y 2
00
8
Sa
n L
uis
Ob
ispo
Ba
y 2
00
9
Mo
rro B
ay
SF
Bay D
um
bart
on
Bri
dge
SF
Bay S
an
Ma
teo
Bri
dg
e
SF
Bay Y
erb
a B
uen
a 2
00
8
SF
Bay Y
erb
a B
uen
a20
09
SF
Bay E
mery
ville
To
ma
les B
ay
Eu
reka
Sa
mo
a B
r.
Imp
eria
l B
each
Card
iff
Re
ef
Oce
ansid
e
Dan
a P
oin
t
Pa
los V
erd
es
Red
ond
o B
ea
ch
Sa
nta
Mon
ica B
ay
Carp
inte
ria
Sta
te B
ea
ch
Po
int
San
ta B
arb
ara
Arr
oyo H
on
do
Sa
n S
ime
on P
t. 2
00
8
Sa
n S
ime
on P
t. 2
00
9
Mo
nte
rey B
ay-
Mo
ss L
and
ing
Mo
nte
rey B
ay-
Sa
nta
C
ruz
Po
int
Are
na
Pu
dd
ing
Cre
ek
Eu
reka
-Hum
bo
ldt
Ba
y jett
y
Cre
sce
nt C
ity
Sites
Concentr
ation (
ppb/
dry
weig
ht)
Encolosed bay
Open Coastal non ASBS
Median
85 percentile
6
South North South South North
DDT Status (2007-2009 samples, coast and enclosed bays)
7
DDT trends
Significant decrease at Royal
Palms (White Point)
Highest concentration
Increasing trend,
but not significant
DDT Status and Trends (1986-2009)
8
• Highest DDT concentration in the state was at San
Francisco Bay Emeryville site.
• DDT declined at 26 sites, significantly declined at 13
sites.
• Biggest downward trend at Royal Palms (White Point) on
the Palos Verdes Peninsula
Total BT trend in SF Bay
9
• Total BT declined at 33 out of 35 stations,
• 18 out of 35 stations had significant declines.
• This is undoubtedly due to the phase out of TBT based
hull coatings.
10
Total Butyltin Trend (1986-2005 samples)
Total PCB Concentration 2007-2009 at enclosed bay and open coastal non ASBS
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900T
ijua
na R
ive
r E
stu
ary
SD
Ba
y C
oro
nad
o B
rid
ge
SD
Ba
y H
arb
or
Isla
nd
Ve
ntu
ra B
rid
ge
Mis
sio
n B
ay
Ag
ua
he
dio
nda
la
go
on
New
port
bay P
CH
Bri
dg
e
Sa
n P
ed
ro H
arb
or
Fis
hin
g P
ier
Lon
g B
each
An
ah
eim
Bay
Los A
ng
ele
s R
ive
rmou
th
Ma
rin
a D
el R
ey
Sa
n L
uis
Ob
ispo
Ba
y 2
00
8
Sa
n L
uis
Ob
ispo
Ba
y 2
00
9
Mo
rro B
ay
SF
Bay D
um
bart
on
Bri
dge
SF
Bay S
an
Ma
teo
Bri
dg
e
SF
Bay Y
erb
a B
uen
a 2
00
8
SF
Bay Y
erb
a B
uen
a20
09
SF
Bay E
mery
ville
To
ma
les B
ay
Eu
reka
Sa
mo
a B
r.
Imp
eria
l B
each
Card
iff
Re
ef
Oce
ansid
e
Dan
a P
oin
t
Pa
los V
erd
es
Red
ond
o B
ea
ch
Sa
nta
Mon
ica B
ay
Carp
inte
ria
Sta
te B
ea
ch
Po
int
San
ta B
arb
ara
Arr
oyo H
on
do
Sa
n S
ime
on P
t. 2
00
8
Sa
n S
ime
on P
t. 2
00
9
Mo
nte
rey B
ay-
Mo
ss L
and
ing
Mo
nte
rey B
ay-
Sa
nta
C
ruz
Po
int
Are
na
Pu
dd
ing
Cre
ek
Eu
reka
-Hum
bo
ldt
Ba
y jett
y
Cre
sce
nt C
ity
Sites
Concentr
ation (
ppb/
dry
weig
ht)
Encolosed bay
Open Coastal non ASBS
Median
85 percentile
11
North South North South
PCBs Status (2007-2009 samples, coast and enclosed bays)
Highest concentration
← statewide
12
PCBs Trend PCB trends
Significant decrease at Royal
Palms (White Point)
Significant decrease at San
Francisco Bay (San Mateo
Bridge)
PCBs Status and Trends (1986-2009)
• Highest concentrations at two sites in San Diego Bay
• PCBs had either no trend or declined at most stations.
• 21 showed no significant trend
• 6 exhibited significant declines.
• Largest statistically significant decline was at Royal
Palms
13
Total PAH Concentration 2007-2009 at enclosed bay and open coastal non ASBS
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
Tijua
na R
ive
r E
stu
ary
SD
Ba
y C
oro
nad
o B
rid
ge
SD
Ba
y H
arb
or
Isla
nd
Ve
ntu
ra B
rid
ge
Mis
sio
n B
ay
Ag
ua
he
dio
nda
la
go
on
New
port
bay P
CH
Bri
dg
e
Sa
n P
ed
ro H
arb
or
Fis
hin
g P
ier
Lon
g B
each
An
ah
eim
Bay
Los A
ng
ele
s R
ive
rmou
th
Ma
rin
a D
el R
ey
Sa
n L
uis
Ob
ispo
Ba
y 2
00
8
Sa
n L
uis
Ob
ispo
Ba
y 2
00
9
Mo
rro B
ay
SF
Bay D
um
bart
on
Bri
dge
SF
Bay S
an
Ma
teo
Bri
dg
e
SF
Bay Y
erb
a B
uen
a 2
00
8
SF
Bay Y
erb
a B
uen
a20
09
SF
Bay E
mery
ville
To
ma
les B
ay
Eu
reka
Sa
mo
a B
r.
Imp
eria
l B
each
Card
iff
Re
ef
Oce
ansid
e
Dan
a P
oin
t
Pa
los V
erd
es
Red
ond
o B
ea
ch
Sa
nta
Mon
ica B
ay
Carp
inte
ria
Sta
te B
ea
ch
Po
int
San
ta B
arb
ara
Arr
oyo H
on
do
Sa
n S
ime
on P
t. 2
00
8
Sa
n S
ime
on P
t. 2
00
9
Mo
nte
rey B
ay-
Mo
ss L
and
ing
Mo
nte
rey B
ay-
Sa
nta
C
ruz
Po
int
Are
na
Pu
dd
ing
Cre
ek
Eu
reka
-Hum
bo
ldt
Ba
y jett
y
Cre
sce
nt C
ity
Sites
Concentr
ation (
ppb/
dry
weig
ht)
Encolosed bay
Open Coastal non ASBS
Median
85 percentile
14
North South North South
Highest concentration
statewide →
PAH Status (2007-2009 samples, coast and enclosed bays)
Total PAHs Trends (1986-2009)
Trend of Total PAHs concentration at San Simeon Point
San Simeon Point
y = 4.7547x - 9428
R2 = 0.4251
0
50
100
150
200
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015Year
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n (
ug
/ d
ry g
)15
Total PAHs Status and Trends (1986-2009)
• The largest PAH concentration was at Yerba Buena
Island in San Francisco Bay (2008) following the Cosco
Busan oil spill.
• No clear trend for PAHs • Twenty one out of 35 sites show upward trends, but only 5 of
these were statistically significant increases
• 4 sites had significant declines
16
Summary
• DDT, PCB, and Butyltins have generally decreasing at many stations
• Consistent with the implementation of pollution controls
• No clear trend for Total PAHs
• Highest recent concentrations in SF Bay after oil spill
• Mussel tissue pollutant concentrations vary depending on site
conditions:
• Enclosed bays generally have higher concentrations
• Most ASBS have low concentrations of contaminants, except those near
large watershed sources
17
Mussel Watch Pilot Study:
Contaminants of
Emerging Concern (CECs) - 2010
18
Mussel Watch CEC Pilot Study
• Pioneering study to inform future monitoring efforts on
what CECs should be targeted
• To expand the relevance and utility of the National
Status and Trends Mussel Watch program to regional,
state and local stakeholders
• NOAA applied all its analytical resources toward CA
mussel watch, with a focus on CECs
• Collaborators: NOAA, SCCWRP, SWRCB, SFEI, USGS
Mussel Watch Pilot Study Design
• Many new analytes selected (CECs)
• Traditional pollutants were also analyzed at certain sites to
maintain time series
• Contaminant concentrations were assessed according
to different land uses and proximity to sources
• Resident mussels were sampled Dec. 2009 – May 2010
Candidate Contaminants/Classes Analyte Class Examples No.
analytes
No. Stations
Pharmaceuticals & Personal Care Products (PPCPs)
DEET, fluoxetine, ibuprofen, triclosan
86 All
Industrial and Commercial CECs*
4-nonylphenol, bisphenol A,
BDE47, HBCD
54 Partial
Current Use Pesticides chlorpyrifos, dachthal,
permethrin,
27 All
Legacy Organohalogens & Butyltins
chlordanes, DDTs, endosulfan, PCBs,
TBT
74 Partial
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH)
Phenanthrene, benzo[a]pyrene,
C1-fluorenes
66 Partial
21
Different land uses/sources
• Land uses:
• Agriculture
• Low development
• Mixed development
• Urban
• Sources:
• Storm water discharges
• Sewage Treatment (POTWs)
• No significant sources: ASBS, but note that some ASBS
do have SW or POTW sources
22
23
Concentration comparison of
CEC and legacy pollutants
24
Tissue CEC concentrations by land use category
Example plot - APs
25
Tissue CEC concentrations by land use category
Tissue CEC concentrations by discharge category
26
Conclusions • PBDEs, Alkylphenols (APs) and pharmaceuticals/personal
care products (PPCPs) were the most frequently detected
CECs.
• Urban land use stations generally had higher concentrations
for many CECs (PFCs, APs and PBDEs).
• PPCPs were present in all land uses, including agriculture
• Current use pesticides were highest at agricultural areas,
followed by urban land use.
• CECs had the highest concentrations at stations influenced
by storm water discharges.
• Reinforces the need to monitor selected CECs (PBDEs, PFCs
and APs) in coastal ecosystems, particularly in heavily
urbanized regions.
27
Want to learn more?
• Special Issue of Marine Pollution Bulletin is
being developed to publish all this data.
• SETAC (November, Long Beach) will have a
special session to present on CECs
28
