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4107ASY00126 Rev B
Original Design Activity:
CAGE Code 30003
7 July 2020
NAWCWD OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS DOCUMENT
FOR THE
LEGISLATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT
Prepared by:
Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division
China Lake Ranges
China Lake, CA 93555
Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
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NOTICE TO REVIEWERS
This document was submitted for review and approval to the persons and organizations listed
below. The date identifies when approvers gave approval of the document as submitted.
APPROVAL: Approved Via Email______________________
Andy Corzine
Director, China Lake Ranges
6/30/20___
Date
REVIEWER: Approved Via Email______________________
Matt Boggs
Chief Engineer, China Lake Ranges
7/07/20____
Date
ORIGINATOR: Approved Via Email_______________________
Susan Williams
Range Environmental Coordinator, China Lake Ranges
6/04/20 __
Date
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RECORD OF CHANGES This index records all revisions made to the document. China Lake Ranges (NAWCWD) Change
Control Board is responsible for coordinating and releasing revisions to this document.
Page/Para. Rev A, M, D* Date Authorization Description
- - 1 April 2013 Original release
A M 2 May 2017 CLR057 2016 annual review
and update
B M 07 July 2020 CLR01027 2020 annual review
and update to include
updated GTT maps,
updated tables in
Appendix D, and added
a table in Appendix G. * A = added, M = modified, D = deleted
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................................. 1 2 REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................... 1 3 BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................................... 1 4 CHINA LAKE RANGE OPERATIONS .................................................................................. 2 4.1 Test and Training Activities. .................................................................................................. 2
4.2 Description of Operations. ..................................................................................................... 2 4.2.1 Air-to-Air Operations. ......................................................................................................... 4 4.2.2 Surface-to-Air Operations. .................................................................................................. 5 4.2.3 Air-to-Surface Operations. .................................................................................................. 6 4.2.4 Surface-to-Surface Operations. ........................................................................................... 7
4.2.5 Energetics and Ordnance Operations. ................................................................................. 8
4.2.6 Electromagnetics Operations (including DE). .................................................................... 9
Types of Directed Energy Systems. ............................................................................... 10 4.2.6.1.1 High-Energy Laser. ..................................................................................................... 10
High-Power Microwave. ................................................................................................ 12 4.2.7 Test Track Operations. ...................................................................................................... 16
4.2.8 Ground Troop Training. .................................................................................................... 18 4.2.9 Unmanned Systems Operations ........................................................................................ 19
Types of Unmanned Systems. ........................................................................................ 19 4.3 Assets. .................................................................................................................................. 21 4.4 Ground Activities ................................................................................................................. 23
4.5 Tempo of Operations ............................................................................................................ 24 4.6 Range Areas .......................................................................................................................... 26
APPENDIXES
APPENDIX A: CHINA LAKE RDAT&E AND TRAINING OPERATIONS ........................... 43
APPENDIX B: CLASSES OF LASERS ...................................................................................... 52 APPENDIX C: CHINA LAKE TARGET TYPES ....................................................................... 55
APPENDIX D: CHINA LAKE TARGET AND TEST AREAS ................................................. 57 APPENDIX E: RANGE USE AREAS ......................................................................................... 75 APPENDIX F: SPECIAL PURPOSE RANGES AND FACILITIES .......................................... 78 APPENDIX G: SUMMARY OF NEPA DOCUMENTATION .................................................. 82
APPENDIX H: A ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ....................................................... 86
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Electromagnetic Environment for Narrowband HPM. ................................................... 14 Table 2. Electromagnetic Table 2. Environment for Wideband HPM. ........................................ 14 Table 3. Categories of Unmanned Systems. ................................................................................. 19 Table 4. Operational Baseline with Approved Increases. ............................................................. 24 Table A-1. RDAT&E and Training Operations ............................................................................ 43
Table B-1. Laser Safety Classes ................................................................................................... 53
Table C-1. Range Target Types .................................................................................................... 55
Table D-1. Baker Range Target and Test Areas ........................................................................... 57
Table D-2. Charlie Range Target and Test Areas ......................................................................... 58
Table D-3. George Range Target and Test Areas ......................................................................... 59
Table D-4. Airport Lake Target and Test Areas ........................................................................... 61
Table D-5 Supersonic Naval Ordnance Research Track Test Areas ............................................ 62
Table D-6. Junction Ranch Target and Test Areas ....................................................................... 62
Table D-7. Coso Range Target and Test Areas ............................................................................ 63
Table D-8. Coles Flat Target and Test Areas ............................................................................... 63
Table D-9. Darwin Wash Target and Test Areas .......................................................................... 64
Table D-10. Weapons Survivability Laboratory Test Areas ........................................................ 65
Table D-11. Area R Test Areas ..................................................................................................... 66
Table D-12. Randsburg Wash Range Target and Test Areas ....................................................... 67 Table D-13. Mojave B North Target and Test Areas.................................................................... 70
Table D-14. Mojave B South Target and Test Areas .................................................................... 71
Table D-15. Superior Valley Target and Test Area ...................................................................... 71
Table D-16. Cuddeback Target and Test Areas ............................................................................ 71
Table D-17. Ordnance Test and Evaluation, and Propulsion Laboratory Test Areas ................... 72
Table E-1. China Lake Range Use Area Definitions .................................................................... 75
Table F-1. Special Purpose Range and Facilities.......................................................................... 79
Table G-1. CATEXs Incorporated in Revision A ......................................................................... 83
Table G-2. NEPA Documentation Incorporated in Revision B .................................................... 85
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Typical Air-to-Air Scenario. ........................................................................................... 4 Figure 2. Typical Surface-to-Air Scenario...................................................................................... 5 Figure 3. Typical Air-to-Surface Scenario. ..................................................................................... 6 Figure 4. Typical Surface-to-Surface Scenario. .............................................................................. 7 Figure 5. Example Energetics Test. ................................................................................................ 9
Figure 6. Typical Air-to-Air HEL Scenario. ................................................................................. 11 Figure 7. Typical Surface-to-Air HEL Scenario. .......................................................................... 11 Figure 8. Typical Air-to-Air HPM Scenario. ................................................................................ 12 Figure 9. Typical Air-to-Surface HPM Scenario. ......................................................................... 13 Figure 10. Typical Surface-to-Surface HPM Scenario. ................................................................ 13
Figure 11. Typical Target Penetration Scenario. .......................................................................... 16
Figure 12. Typical Ejection Systems Scenario. ............................................................................ 17
Figure 13. North Range Use Areas. .............................................................................................. 26 Figure 14. South Range Use Areas. .............................................................................................. 27 Figure 15. Air-to-Air and Surface-to-Air Operations ................................................................... 30 Figure 16. Air-to-Surface Operations ........................................................................................... 31
Figure 17. Surface-to-Surface Operations. ................................................................................... 32 Figure 18. Energetic Operations. .................................................................................................. 33
Figure 19. Electromagnetic Operations. ....................................................................................... 34 Figure 20. Test Track Operations ................................................................................................. 35 Figure 21. Ground Troop Training (Type I) Operations............................................................... 36
Figure 22. Ground Troop Training (Type II) Operations. ............................................................ 37 Figure 23. North Range Target Areas. .......................................................................................... 38
Figure 24. South Range Target Areas. .......................................................................................... 39 Figure 25. North Range Test Areas. ............................................................................................. 40
Figure 26. South Range Test Areas. ............................................................................................. 41
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1 PURPOSE
The Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division (NAWCWD) is the primary user of the Naval
Air Weapons Station China Lake (NAWSCL) ranges for conducting military operations. This
document contains the NAWCWD operational requirements as part of the China Lake
Environmental Impact Statement and Legislative Environmental Impact Statement (LEIS) to
ensure the continued ability to accomplish its mission. It will be reviewed annually by the Naval
Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) Ranges Sustainability Office and updated as needed.
The NAWCWD mission is to execute full-spectrum weapons and warfare
systems Research, Development, Acquisition, Test and Evaluation
2 REFERENCES
ANSI/IEEE C95.1
24 June 2004
Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure
to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3kHz to 300GHz
MIL-STD-810G
31 October 2008
Department of Defense Test Method Standard: Environmental
Engineering Considerations and Laboratory Tests
MIL-STD-2105D
19 April 2011
Department of Defense Test Method Standard: Hazard
Assessment Tests for Non-Nuclear Munitions
Office of the Secretary of
Defense, 2007-2032
10 December 2007
Unmanned Systems Roadmap
DRGO-6256-1163
11 May 2010
Ranges Department China Lake Ranges Usage Direction
3 BACKGROUND
The China Lake LEIS Record of Decision, issued February 2016 implements Alternative 1, which
allows for a 25 percent increase in research, development, acquisition, test, and evaluation and
training within current land use areas approved for designated uses, expansion of unmanned aerial
and surface systems, and expansion of existing and introduction of evolving directed energy (DE)
weapons development. The Bureau of Land Management, in partnership with the Navy, requested
Congress to renew the land withdrawal to retain NAWSCL as a military range for a period of 25
years. The fiscal year (FY) 2014 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) authorized the
renewal of the public land withdrawal through 2039. The FY2015 and FY2016 NDAAs modified
the land withdrawal of approximately 33,096 acres to add the former Air Force Cuddeback Air-
Ground Gunnery Range and lands contiguous with the China Lake Ranges South Range. The
China Lake land withdrawal was further modified by the FY2017 NDAA, which extends the
duration of the China Lake withdrawal of public land an additional 25 years, to 2064.
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4 CHINA LAKE RANGE OPERATIONS
4.1 Test and Training Activities.
Research, development, acquisition, test and evaluation (RDAT&E) and training operations
conducted at NAWSCL fall within the following broad operational categories:
1. Air-to-Air
2. Surface-to-Air
3. Air-to-Surface
4. Surface-to-Surface
5. Energetics and Ordnance
6. Electromagnetics, including DE
7. Track Test
8. Unmanned Systems
Additional fleet training operations include air combat, aircrew, combat skills, and ground troop
training (GTT). These operations are further discussed in Sections 5.0 and 6.0, respectively.
4.2 Description of Operations.
NAWCWD operations can be classified as one of three categories: Research and development
(R&D), test and evaluation (T&E), or training. NAWCWD must maintain the ability to conduct
current and evolving RDAT&E and training operations at NAWSCL.
Research and Development
Research and development supports all phases of weapon systems development, from the earliest
concepts of a weapon, to engineering and manufacturing, to fleet use, and finally to the disposal
of systems no longer needed by the military. The goal of weapons R&D is to explore the use of
promising technology to solve emerging warfighter needs. At NAWSCL, research activities focus
on the areas of weapons guidance and control, warheads, explosives, propellants, pyrotechnics,
propulsion systems, airframes, and the basic chemistry and physics that support these areas.
Test and Evaluation
Test and evaluation is a continuous process throughout the weapon systems lifecycle. Weapon
systems and components are tested and evaluated under natural operating conditions at NAWSCL
to replicate realistic employment and operational scenarios to the maximum extent practicable.
General categories of T&E operations include, but are not limited to, air and surface launched
weapons, communications, DE, electromagnetics, electronic warfare (EW) and countermeasures,
ordnance T&E, sensor, weapons survivability, and track tests.
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Training
Training operations are accommodated on a non-interference basis with the primary RDAT&E
mission. The varied terrain and environmental conditions throughout NAWSCL support training
in air-to-air and air-to-surface combat skills as well as other types of air and ground training
exercises. Training operations enable warfighters to rehearse in realistic environments against
relevant threats and static and moving targets or, “to train as they fight.” General categories of
training operations include, but are not limited to, air combat, aircrew, combat skills, and GTT.
The major operational categories encompassing RDAT&E and training activities at NAWSCL are
described in further detail in Appendix A.
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4.2.1 Air-to-Air Operations.
A typical air-to-air scenario, depicted in Figure 1, involves the test of an air-launched, air-intercept
weapon against a variety of aerial targets. Air-to-air operations generally employ manned or
unmanned aircraft, a kinetic or DE weapon system, a target, and countermeasure devices such as
flares or chaff. Air-to-air testing assesses and evaluates weapons and weapon systems and the
integration of weapon systems with the aircraft. Operations may include captive-carry inert, live
motor but no warhead, or tactical all-up round for firing and warhead detonation. An example of
this scenario is the launch of an AIM-9X Sidewinder missile against a full-scale aerial target.
Figure 1. Typical Air-to-Air Scenario.
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4.2.2 Surface-to-Air Operations.
A typical surface-to-air scenario, depicted in Figure 2, has the same hazard patterns as air-to-air
operations. This scenario involves the test of a surface launched kinetic or DE weapon against a
variety of aerial targets. Testing may also include the use of countermeasure devices such as flares
and chaff. Surface-to-air testing evaluates overall weapon system performance, warhead
effectiveness, software and hardware modifications or upgrades of ground-based weapons
systems. Operations may include inert warheads or tactical all-up rounds for firing and warhead
detonation. Targets used in surface-to-air testing include full-scale surface launched targets, air-
or surface-launched subscale targets, unmanned systems, or helicopter targets. This scenario
includes the test of a ground-launch weapon from a fixed launcher. Examples of this scenario are
the launch of a 2.75-inch HYDRA-70 rocket from a stationary launch rail, or a Phalanx gun
systems test against an airborne target.
Figure 2. Typical Surface-to-Air Scenario.
NOTE: The origin of surface in the LEIS stems from the class of weapons being tested, which at
China Lake, a Navy Installation, the term surface is equivalent to ground.
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4.2.3 Air-to-Surface Operations.
A typical air-to-surface scenario, depicted in Figure 3, involves the test of an air-launched, ground
attack, kinetic or DE weapon against a variety of ground-based targets. Air-to-surface testing
assesses and evaluates weapon systems, the integration of air-to-surface weapons or weapon
systems to the aircraft, warhead effectiveness, and weapon systems or aircraft software and
hardware modifications or upgrades. Air-to-surface tests are heavily dependent on ground targets,
which can include a wide variety of both vehicular and structural targets. Operations may include
captive-carry inert, live motor but no warhead, or tactical all-up round for firing and warhead
detonation. An example of this scenario is the launch of a GBU-130 Joint Direct Attack Munition
(JDAM) against a fixed, structural target.
Figure 3. Typical Air-to-Surface Scenario.
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4.2.4 Surface-to-Surface Operations.
A typical surface-to-surface scenario, depicted in Figure 4, involves the test of a surface-launched,
kinetic, or DE weapon against a surface target. Surface-to-surface testing evaluates the overall
weapon system performance, warhead effectiveness, and software or hardware modifications or
upgrades of ground-based weapons systems. Operations may include inert warheads or tactical all-
up rounds for firing and warhead detonation. Targets used in surface-to-surface testing include
both fixed and mobile. This scenario includes the testing of naval guns and other types of smaller
caliber guns from fixed surface sites, ground vehicles, and air platforms. Examples of this scenario
are the firing of 5-inch, 54 caliber naval guns, or shoulder-fired weapons.
Figure 4. Typical Surface-to-Surface Scenario.
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4.2.5 Energetics and Ordnance Operations.
An energetics or ordnance scenario includes test, training, and disposal activities related to the use
of energetic materials such as propellants and explosives. Much of the work conducted by the
Energetics Research Division on explosives, propellants, and pyrotechnics is included in this
category. In addition, the development and test of counter-improvised explosive device (CIED)
detection and neutralization systems may be considered energetics testing. Examples include:
1. Propulsion testing of solid-fuel rocket motors ranging from small laboratory scale to large
strategic systems up to 1.5 million pounds of thrust, aero-heating testing of materials and
small ramjet engines, and characterization of combustion products and plume
measurements of rocket motors.
2. Environmental and safety testing for all-up rounds in accordance with Military Standard
(MIL-STD)-810G, Environmental Test Methods and Engineering Guidelines, or MIL-
STD-2105D, Department of Defense Test Method Standard: Hazard Assessment Tests for
Non-Nuclear Munitions, requirements. Environmental lifecycle tests include vibration,
temperature, humidity, X-ray, and final live munitions firing. Safety tests include fast and
slow cook-off, bullet and fragment impact, drop tower, and sympathetic detonation. Test
articles are generally all-up rounds undergoing either insensitive munitions testing to
ensure safe deployment at sea, or qualification series testing to simulate the weapons
lifecycle and qualify it for operational deployment. All weapon systems are required to
undergo this type of testing.
3. Treatment of energetic hazardous waste generated from R&D laboratory activities, as well
as munitions waste (both nonstandard items that are no longer useful to RDAT&E purposes
and standard items that are expired, in excess, or unsafe). Operations are performed at a
permitted facility in Burro Canyon. The facility allows for the treatment of sizeable
quantities of energetic wastes that cannot be safely transported off range and must be
treated onsite.
4. Manned and unmanned systems testing against buried threats.
5. Blow-in-place (BIP) activities to dispose of unexploded ordnance or support Range
operations.
6. Warhead testing conducted in special ground facilities to measure the effectiveness of
operational and development weapons, fuel-air testing, gun testing, and a large variety of
specialized R&D activities. Test scenarios range from small explosive tests to large arena
tests to characterize fragment distribution and velocity, shock and pressure waves, shaped
charge performance, and overall warhead effectiveness.
Figure 5 illustrates an example energetics test.
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Figure 5. Example Energetics Test.
4.2.6 Electromagnetics Operations (including DE).
An electromagnetics scenario involves ground and flight tests that radiate radio frequency (RF)
energy across much of the electromagnetic spectrum. These operations do not typically include
the release of kinetic weapons such as missiles, rockets, bombs, and guns. However, they may
involve the release of EW defensive countermeasure devices such as chaff, flares, and decoys.
Electromagnetic operations include antenna pattern and radar cross-section measurements;
defensive and offensive EW systems; laser systems for targeting, weapons, communication,
mapping, etc.; DE weapons; experimental electromagnetics; communications; electromagnetic
vulnerability of electronic systems; and other RF-related testing. This category may also include
the development and test of CIED detection and neutralization systems.
Directed energy weapons development and test are an important component of electromagnetics.
High-Energy Laser (HEL) and High-Power Microwave (HPM) open-air test events may include:
1. Component level test to evaluate functionality and efficiency
2. Beam characterization to measure fluence, attenuation, divergence, and other propagation
effects under various atmospheric conditions
3. Subscale systems to evaluate component compatibility
4. System integration into air and surface platforms
5. Test to evaluate laser and HPM beam interaction with targets
6. Full-up system test to evaluate acquisition and tracking performance
7. Full-up system test to defeat air and/or ground targets with DE weapons mounted in air or
ground vehicles
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Types of Directed Energy Systems.
A DE weapon emits energy in a manner that offers the potential to deny, disrupt, disable, or destroy
target electronics or to cause mechanical damage to structures, platforms, or other equipment. It
can also provide a nonlethal antipersonnel capability. DE weapons include the HEL and HPM
systems described below.
4.2.6.1.1 High-Energy Laser.
Laser systems, including HEL weapons, deposit large amounts of energy within small areas by
taking advantage of three basic principles:
1. Laser systems emit monochromatic light, which is light of one wavelength (or color). In
contrast, white light is a combination of many wavelengths of light.
2. Lasers emit light that is highly directional, meaning that laser light is emitted as a relatively
narrow beam in a specific direction. Ordinary light (e.g., from a light bulb) is emitted in
many directions from its source.
3. Laser light is said to be coherent, which means that the wavelengths of the laser light are
in phase in space and time. Ordinary light is often a mixture of wavelengths that do not
travel in phase.
High-Energy Laser weapons are intended to damage or destroy enemy systems. These weapons
may be integrated onto land, aircraft, and ship platforms and will be used to enhance area defense,
aircraft self-protection, strategic and tactical missile defense, and precision strike. The HEL
weapons remain focused over a great distance, thus providing significantly more power on a target.
Figures 6 and 7 depict typical scenarios for HEL weapons.
Types of HEL systems anticipated for testing at NAWSCL include, but are not limited to, solid-
state, fiber, carbon dioxide, free electron, and closed-cycle chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL).
Power levels are expected up to and including megawatt class, and wavelength levels will range
from nanometers to micrometers. The COIL have the potential to release chemicals into the
atmosphere, but will only be tested in non-atmospheric release conditions. Other chemical agents,
such as sulfur hexafluoride, also have the potential to be released, but will be handled in accordance
with existing hazardous material control procedures. A summary of laser classes is provided in
Appendix B.
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Figure 6. Typical Air-to-Air HEL Scenario.
Figure 7. Typical Surface-to-Air HEL Scenario.
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High-Power Microwave.
The HPM systems are generally designed to produce effects on electronics systems. These counter-
electronics systems, which operate across a broad range of the microwave frequencies, are
typically characterized as having a short, intense energy pulse that can yield relatively high-voltage
surges in targeted electronics resulting in neutralization or damage to those systems. The HPM
weapons may be evaluated for health hazards using the same methodology used for other
microwave systems, such as radars or communication systems, by characterizing the system’s total
power relative to its pulse width and repetition rates. In accordance with the American National
Standards Institute (ANSI)/Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) C95.1,
Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic
Fields, 3kHz to 300GHz, humans may be exposed to HPM systems at an apparent peak power
value much higher than traditional RF systems. This is due to the HPM system demonstrating very
high-peak power for a very short period, as opposed to a lower-peak power level over a long
duration (e.g., continuous duty).
Nonlethal antipersonnel HPM systems operate at relatively high frequency (approximately 100
gigahertz [GHz]). At this frequency, the microwave energy will penetrate 1/64 inch of human skin.
These weapons can be operated as continuous wave or pulsed wave systems and emit radiation
that is absorbed by the target’s skin, causing rapid heating and pain. These systems have little
effect on electronics. Nonlethal antipersonnel HPM systems tests on human subjects resulted in
skin burns (caused by induced electrical currents rather than water-bond excitation) in less than
one-tenth of one percent of test subjects (8 in over 11,000 exposures).
The HPM weapons may be integrated onto land, aircraft, and ship platforms and will be used to
enhance both counter-electronic and non-lethal anti-personnel capabilities. Figures 8 to 10 depict
typical HPM scenarios at NAWSCL.
Figure 8. Typical Air-to-Air HPM Scenario.
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Figure 9. Typical Air-to-Surface HPM Scenario.
Figure 10. Typical Surface-to-Surface HPM Scenario.
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Types of HPM systems anticipated for testing at NAWSCL include, but are not limited to,
narrowband, wideband, and ultra wideband. The HPM operations will be predominantly in support
of testing as defined by MIL-STD-464C, Department of Defense Interface Standard for
Electromagnetic Environmental Effects (E3), and at levels indicated in Tables 1 and 2. In addition,
nonlethal HPM utilizes a high-power beam of electromagnetic radiation in the form of high-
frequency millimeter (mm) waves at 95GHz (a wavelength of 3.2mm).
Table 1. Electromagnetic Environment for Narrowband HPM.
Frequency Range
(MHz)
Electric Field at
Target
(kV/m at 1km)
Peak Radiated
Power
(GW)
Practical
Antenna Gain
(dB)
Equivalent
Isotropically
Radiated Power
(EIRP) (TW)
400–1000 100 33 40 333
1000–4000 400 169 45 5,333
4000–5999 1000 105 55 33,333
6000–13999 2500 659 55 208,328
14000–27999 2500 659 55 208,328
28000–40000 500 8 60 8,333
Notes: 1. MHz-megahertz 5. GW-Gigawatt
2. kV-kilovolts 6. dB-decibel 3. m-meter 7. EIRP-Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power
4. km-kilometer 8. TW-Terawatt
Table 2. Electromagnetic Environment for Wideband HPM.
Frequency Range
(MHz)
Broad-Band Electric Field
Distribution at Target
(mV/m/MHz at 100m)
Peak Radiated
Power
(GW)
Practical Antenna
Gain
(dB)
30–150 33000
5 20
150–225 7000
225–400 7000
400–700 1330
700–790 1140
790–1000 1050
1000–2000 840
2000–2700 240
2700–3000 80 Notes: 1. MHz-megahertz 4. GW-Gigawatt 2. mV-millivolts 5. dB-decibel
3. m-meter
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Operational Characteristics of Directed Energy Systems
Testing of DE systems will support the ongoing development of non-kinetic weapons in response
to mission requirements. HEL and HPM testing would include air-to-air, air-to-surface, surface-
to-air, surface-to-surface, and electromagnetic scenarios as well as static tests. Tests would occur
on travel surfaces (e.g., roads, turnouts, or parking lots), target areas, test sites, and instrumentation
sites. Multiple concurrent operations could occur on a daily basis across NAWSCL. Some types
of equipment and facilities unique to DE testing include control shelters, personal protective
equipment, atmosphere and beam profiling equipment, and use of large electrical generators.
The HEL and HPM safety protocols are in place to mitigate risk and prevent potential mishaps.
The DE testing is constrained by power levels and personnel safety issues enforced by Range
Safety, the Department of Defense Laser Clearing House, and the Naval Electromagnetic
Spectrum Center. NAWCWD will conduct operations in accordance with existing Range Safety
procedures and standards, such as the ANSI/IEEE C95.1, to mitigate the potential effects to human
health and the environment.
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4.2.7 Test Track Operations.
This scenario involves the test of a kinetic or DE weapon system mounted on a sled capable of
operating at speeds ranging from subsonic to hypersonic. A test article, often a full-scale aircraft
or weapon system, is propelled down the track to simulate flight conditions. Typical test-track
operations include target penetration using live high-explosive (HE) warheads, live fuzes, aircrew-
ejection systems, bombs, missiles, rockets, free-flight terminal ballistics, environmental, soft
recovery, EW and countermeasures, and vehicle and barrier testing. An example of this scenario
is the test of a weapon system for target penetration capabilities against a fixed target, often a
concrete block, mounted downrange of the muzzle section of the track. The weapon is separated
from a propelled sled, which is retarded via water brake prior to the muzzle, and allowed to transit
downrange to impact. Figures 11 and 12 illustrate test-track event scenarios.
Figure 11. Typical Target Penetration Scenario.
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Figure 12. Typical Ejection Systems Scenario.
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4.2.8 Ground Troop Training.
The GTT at NAWSCL involves small-scale combat training of ground troops. Training is based
on customer requirements and can be accomplished as part of a larger test activity or as a discrete
training event. Examples include force reconnaissance, insertion and extraction, close air support,
fleet area control and surveillance, and other types of tactical exercises. Activities conducted by
Explosive Ordnance Disposal Training and Evaluation Unit One and the Seabees outside of their
normal operating areas would also be captured in this category.
Ground troops may be on foot, with or without military support animals (i.e., horses, mules, or
military working dogs) and may involve multiple support vehicle types. The GTT operations may
also involve support aircraft (manned or unmanned; fixed or rotary wing) and access to distinct
terrain such as mines, caves, tunnels, sloped areas, or vegetated areas to satisfy unique training
requirements.
Small group test or training activities (no more than eight individuals), known as GTT Type I, may
be conducted on any area of the North and South Ranges with or without support animals (dogs,
horses, mules, etc.). These activities do not include the use of any form of wheeled vehicle. Small
group overland training activity routes and directions shall be intentionally varied to eliminate the
possibility of the formation or making of trails by these activities. Development of fighting
positions, observation points, use of explosive devices, or periods of concentrated activity will not
be permitted outside existing travel surfaces (e.g., roads, turnouts, or parking lots), or highly
developed and disturbed portions of target sites, test sites, and instrumentation sites. These
operations will not include any new surface disturbing activities.
The GTT involving larger groups (not to exceed 40 troops) or using support vehicles, known as
GTT Type II, may only occur in areas where ground disturbance would not be increased such as
existing travel surfaces (e.g., roads, turnouts, or parking lots), target areas, test sites, and
instrumentation sites. These training activities may expand by up to 25 percent. Small group
training with support vehicles may occur on an as-needed basis.
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4.2.9 Unmanned Systems Operations
Types of Unmanned Systems.
Unmanned systems (air and ground) play an important role in military operations and their combat
use will continue to expand as described in the Unmanned Systems Roadmap (2007-2032),
prepared by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, and dated 10 December 2007. NAWCWD has
primarily supported the development of smaller unmanned aerial systems (UAS) and unmanned
ground systems (UGS), but must expand that support to include the larger and more capable
systems under development to meet emerging requirements. Categories of unmanned systems
anticipated to operate throughout NAWSCL include those listed in Table 3.
Table 3. Categories of Unmanned Systems.
Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS)
UAS Category
Maximum Gross
Take-off Weight
(lbs)
Normal
Operating
Altitude (ft)
Speed (Knots
Indicated Air
Speed [KIAS])
Example Systems
Group 1 0-20 <1,200 AGL 100
Wasp III, FCS Class I,
TACMAV, RQ-
14A/B, BUSTER,
BATCAM, RQ-
11B/C, FPASS, RQ-
16A, Pointer, Aqua
Terra, Puma
Group 2 21-55 <3,500 AGL
<250
Vehicle Craft
Unmanned Aircraft
System, Scan Eagle,
Silver Fox, Aerosonde
Group 3 <1,320
<18,000 MSL
RQ-7B, RQ-15,
STUAS, XPV-1,
XPV-2
Group 4
>1,320 Subsonic
MQ-5B, MQ-8B, MQ-
1A/B/C, A-160
Group 5 >18,000 MSL
MQ-9A, RQ-4, RQ-
4N, Global Observer,
N-UCAS
Unmanned Ground Systems (UGS)
UGS Category Maximum Gross Weight (lbs) Example Systems
Light Weight
(Group 1) 0–5,000
BomBot, Dragon Runner, RONS,
Warrior
Medium
Weight
(Group 2)
5,001–15,000 MULE, ARTS, MV4, Crusher
Heavy Weight
(Group 3) >15,000 ARV, MACE, ABV
Notes: 1. UAS-Unmanned Aerial Systems 6. AGL-above ground level
2. lbs-pounds 7. >-greater than 3. ft-feet 8. MSL-mean sea level
4. KIAS-Knots Indicated Air Speed 9. UGS-Unmanned Ground Systems
5. <-less than
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Operational Characteristics of Unmanned Systems
Unmanned systems operations may range from a single system, to a swarm of UAS, to large-scale
integration testing between UAS and UGS. There will also be requirements for integrated testing
between UAS and manned aircraft. Testing of unmanned systems will support the development of
new generation unmanned platforms and their associated sensors and payloads. Multiple
concurrent operations could occur on a daily basis throughout the Range.
The UAS have longer persistence and use a broader range of propulsion systems, such as battery,
solar panel, fuel cell, jet, diesel, and reciprocating engines; therefore, the duration of operations
may increase compared to manned systems, which will subsequently lead to an increase of night
operations. The UAS will operate anywhere on the North and South Ranges in disturbed areas
such as roads, road shoulders, instrumentation pads, and target and test areas. The UAS will utilize
the China Lake special use airspace and may operate within R-2508 if capable of flying at or above
20,000 feet.
The UAS may be air- or ground-launched using conventional or unconventional means. Larger
categories of UAS typically use established airfields and runways for take-off and landing. Smaller
categories of UAS may be launched on Range or use unconventional takeoff systems such as
catapults, slingshots, or by hand. In addition, UAS may be launched from platforms such as
aircraft, vehicles, or tethering towers. Recovery methods may include conventional landing,
vertical/short takeoff and landing, net, wire, arresting gear, dirt strip, or intentional crash.
The UGS will include both wheeled and tracked vehicles. The UGS will predominantly operate
on existing roads, although small systems may operate off-road in approved areas.
Associated test and training activities, previously discussed in Section 2.0, would be required with
additional off-road requirements to conduct activities such as testing of smaller UGS categories,
conducting launch and recovery, establishing central command centers, and retrieving systems
(and any released hazardous substances) that have either crashed or otherwise failed to operate.
Payloads and expendables will be similar to those associated with manned aircraft, with the
exception of micro-munitions. Micro-munitions may be expended in the same area they are
launched and recovered. Unmanned systems may also deploy many of the sensors for intelligence,
surveillance, and reconnaissance; electro-optical; and infrared normally associated with manned
systems. Operations will utilize the full spectrum of targets available at NAWSCL and, in some
cases, UAS will serve as the target themselves (e.g., counter-UAS testing).
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4.3 Assets.
The following assets are typically used to support the RDAT&E and training activities described
above:
Aircraft
Aircraft participants may include the full spectrum of manned and unmanned aircraft platforms,
to include both fixed and rotary wing aircraft. Aircraft may operate singly or in combination in
any particular event.
Surface Vehicles
A broad range of surface vehicles may be used to support RDAT&E and training operations as well
as range, facility, and road maintenance activities. Examples include, but are not limited to, pickup
trucks and all-terrain vehicles; tactical vehicles such as high-mobility multipurpose-wheeled vehicles
and mine resistant ambush protected type vehicles; construction-related vehicles such as bulldozers,
road graders, and heavy equipment; and UGS that are both wheeled and tracked.
The RDAT&E events require surface vehicles for instrumentation and support equipment set-up
and teardown, target construction and placement, test article or target recovery or both, and target
and test clean up. The GTT operations involve surface vehicles to support training requirements.
All vehicle use (wheeled and tracked) will be conducted in accordance with the Ranges
Department China Lake Ranges Road Usage Direction. Projects with off-road requirements will
be reviewed and appropriate environmental documentation prepared as needed.
Targets
A variety of targets may be used throughout NAWSCL to test the impacts of full-scale systems
and subsystems driven by emerging requirements. These targets are essential to testing and
ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of the weapon systems, ordnance, sensors, and other
military equipment being developed to support our warfighters.
Targets may be involved in both static and dynamic operations and will be engaged from both the
air and ground. They must often be constructed according to specific customer requirements and
are designed to replicate relevant threats. Some targets may be enhanced with RF, infrared (IR),
or other electromagnetic and visual features to further increase the realism of such threats. While
some targets will be consumable (i.e., destroyed), others will be will be more permanent in nature
and not destroyed. Target hit, kill, or near-miss rates will be dependent upon test objectives.
Ground disturbing activities associated with targets include construction and setup, recovery (if
intact), and cleanup (if destroyed). Target cleanup involves removal and disposal, which typically
requires the use of mechanical equipment. Targets will be used in existing target and test areas to
the extent feasible, based on specific test or training requirements. Descriptions of the types of
targets used at NAWSCL are provided in Appendix C.
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Payloads and Expendables
A broad variety of payloads and expendables may be intentionally released during open-air
RDAT&E and training operations. Examples include, but are not limited to, missiles, bombs,
rockets, gun ammunition, fuel-air explosives, explosive charges, fuels, countermeasures (e.g.,
flares, chaff, smokes, decoys, and experimental shapes), common household or commercial
products (used as proxies), chemical releases associated with some DE systems, and similar items
required to support test or training events.
Ordnance is generally classified as live or inert. Live ordnance typically contains a HE warhead.
Inert ordnance does not have a live warhead, but may contain a fuze sensor, spotting charge, or
other energetic materials that may pose a safety hazard. In general, all target and test areas are
authorized for the use of inert ordnance; however, HE use is limited to specific areas. In addition,
explosives use is limited by established net explosive weight (NEW) limits. Appendix D denotes
authorized HE use and NEW limits (as applicable) for each NAWSCL target and test area.
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4.4 Ground Activities
Responding to warfighter needs is fundamental to the NAWCWD mission. NAWCWD must
maintain the ability to conduct a broad range of air and surface test and training operations and
activities that support warfighter requirements and provide the decision-quality data required for
the acquisition of weapons systems. To be responsive to relevant requirements and complete tests
or training events in a reasonable timeframe, NAWCWD must have the flexibility to conduct the
following activities:
1. Pre-event/set-up activities–involves the installation and placement of portable or
stationary instrumentation or equipment for event monitoring and data acquisition near
target and test sites and at other remote locations; also entails shallow trenching to
cover cables and instrumentation and burying certain targets/test items up to three
meters in depth to simulate operational conditions
2. Target-related activities–includes target construction, placement/installation,
maintenance, recovery, removal, clean up (including remediation of any released
hazardous substances), and disposal
3. Launch activities–involves the air or ground launch of a test article or target
4. Post-event/teardown activities–involves test article recovery, debris mapping,
instrumentation and equipment teardown, removal of buried targets or test items and
instrumentation, and cleanup of the target or test site, including remediation of any
released hazardous substances
5. Off-road activities
a) Use of vehicles or mechanical equipment in support of any above mentioned
activity
b) Operation of mobile targets to simulate relevant threats
c) Operation/access of personnel, vehicles, and unmanned systems to unique
terrain, such as mines, caves, tunnels, sloped areas, vegetative areas, etc., to
satisfy unique test/training requirements
d) Removal of used targets, recovery of crashed vehicles, and remediation of any
released hazardous substances
All related support equipment and instrumentation will be confined to roads, road shoulders,
instrumentation pads, and kineto tracking mount locations. Equipment will be transported to and
from these areas on existing access roads, although off-road travel may be required occasionally.
Hand placement of items in undisturbed areas will also occur.
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4.5 Tempo of Operations
An operational baseline was developed to capture the activities associated with RDAT&E and
training operations currently conducted at NAWSCL. However, it is important to note that these
activities vary depending on customer and program requirements and world events.
Baseline information was derived from a variety of sources, including the NAVAIR Range
Complex Management Plan (RCMP), NAWCWD subject matter expert knowledge, and the 2004
Final Environmental Impact Statement. The RCMP data for FY2007 and FY2008 were normalized
to reflect a single baseline year. Table 4 provides the operational baseline as well as the approved
increases for all operational parameter categories.
Table 4. Operational Baseline with Approved Increases.
Operational Parameter Operational
Baseline
LEIS Approved
Increase
AIR OPERATIONS
Aircraft Flight Hours
5,750
25% increase to
7,188
Aircraft Flights (Sorties)*
North Range
Echo Range
Superior Valley
TOTAL
3,835
2,839
3,155
9,829
25% increase to
4,794
3,549
3,944
12,287
GROUND OPERATIONS
Energetics, Ordnance Tests
Insensitive Munitions
Propulsion
Air Breathing Engine, Material Evaluation
Warhead
Weapons Survivability Laboratory (Test Series)
Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Land Demolitions**
TOTAL
25% increase to
175
45
35
141
30
155
581
219
56
44
176
38
194
727
Counter-Improvised Explosive Device Tests (Test Events)
1,675
25% increase to
2,094
EOD Training–Darwin Wash (Classes)
30
25% increase to
38
Ground Troop Training Operations (Training Events)***
Small Group, With or Without Vehicles (Type I)
Large Group, With Vehicles (Type II)
As Needed
42
As Needed
53
Test Track Operations (Test Events)
Main Track 15 30
G-4
TOTAL
3
18
7
37
UNMANNED SYSTEMS OPERATIONS
Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) Flights (Flight Hours)
Group 1 (0 to 20 pounds) 16 156
Group 2 (21 to 55 pounds) 42 1,600
Group 3 (<1,320 pounds.) 29 3,000
Groups 4 and 5 (>1,320 pounds)
TOTAL
1,500
1,587
4,000
8,756
UGS Operations (Test Hours)
Group 1 (0 to 5,000 pounds) 364 1,144
Group 2 (5,001to 15,000 pounds) 234 728
Group 3 (>15,000 pounds)
TOTAL
96
694
312
2,184
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Operational Parameter Operational
Baseline
LEIS Approved
Increase
DIRECTED ENERGY OPERATIONS
High-Energy Laser Weapon Activity (Test Days) 50 115
High-Power Microwave Weapon Activity (Test Days) 50 115
MOBILE TARGETS
Aerial Targets 25 35
Vehicular Land Targets
361
25% increase to
451
ORDNANCE EXPENDITURES
Bombs 25% increase to
North Range
Echo Range
Superior Valley
TOTAL
411
653
10,464
11,528
514
816
13,080
14,410
Gun Munitions 25% increase to
North Range
Echo Range
Superior Valley
TOTAL
18,683
4,224
74,980
97,887
23,354
5,280
93,725
122,359
Darwin Wash (EOD) 2,634,240 3,292,800
Rockets 25% increase to
North Range
Superior Valley
TOTAL
366
342
708
458
428
886
Other (Flares, Chaff, etc.) 25% increase to
North Range
Echo Range
Superior Valley
TOTAL
2,280
74
124
2,478
2,850
93
155
3,098
Missiles
North Range Only
109
25% increase to
136
ENERGETIC MATERIAL EXPENDITURES
Explosives
North Range
C-4 (lbs.)
Data Sheet .125
Detonation Cord (feet)
Dynamite
Exrod
Gun Powder (pounds)
High Explosives (pounds net explosive weight [NEW])
Satchel Charge C-4
Smoke Grenade
Squibs/Initiators (pounds)
TNT (lbs.)
1,095
280
12,094
112
56
4,889
22,313
84
112
318
33,112
25% increase to
1,369
350
15,118
140
70
6,151
27,891
105
140
402
41,390
Propellants (pounds NEW)
North Range
631,249
789,061 * Aircraft flight sorties include manned aircraft involved in RDAT&E and training operations, as well as other flights such as aircrew
proficiency, cross-country, logistics, and functional check flights. It does not include unmanned aerial system (UAS) flights. ** Explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) land demolition baseline numbers include 11 at Burro Canyon and 144 at B-Mountain.
*** Includes Explosive Ordnance Disposal Training and Evaluation Unit One training conducted outside of Darwin Wash.
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4.6 Range Areas
At the largest scale, NAWSCL is divided into the North and South Ranges. These land ranges are
further divided into multiple areas according to historic range use (Figures 13 and 14). Brief
descriptions of the North and South Range Use Areas are provided in Appendix E.
Figure 13. North Range Use Areas.
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Figure 14. South Range Use Areas.
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Range Use Areas allow the scheduling of concurrent operations, thereby optimizing range
utilization and maximizing the ability to satisfy customer requirements. Range Use Areas are used
singularly or in combination to meet specific test or training requirements. For instance, operations
not involving the release of ordnance or other expendables and with no associated ground
disturbance activity may be conducted throughout NAWSCL, although certain areas may be
preferable due to terrain or the availability of ground test support facilities. Examples include flight
operations (manned and unmanned, fixed and rotary wing) and various electromagnetic tests.
Operations with large hazard patterns, such as air-to-air, surface-to-air, air-to-surface, and surface-to-
surface tests, may involve multiple Range Use Areas, an entire Range (e.g., North Range), or even
cross-range scenarios (e.g., across the North and South Ranges or across NAWSCL and Sea Range).
Although these tests are highly scripted and controlled, due to their dynamic nature, all range areas
within the hazard pattern are subject to intermittent test impacts. These associated impacts may result
from unexpected or poor test article performance, missing target centers, ordnance skips, fragment-
throw patterns, and/or test item recovery activities. NAWCWD performs due diligence to calculate
the landing areas for test articles and associated debris as precisely as possible.
NAWCWD has determined and identified the specific engagement areas, debris areas, target and
test areas, and/or focused electromagnetic areas, as applicable, that are required to support each of
the major categories of operations described in Section 5.0 (Figures 15 through 20). Figures 21
and 22 identify areas for Types 1 and 2 GTT activities. General definitions of low- and high-
intensity use areas corresponding to the legends on the map figures are as follows:
Engagement Areas–areas of low-intensity support use
Engagement areas reflect the range extent (air, ground) of low intensity and regular support to test or
training actions. Activities that occur in the engagement area include the actual test event plus a wide
range of support activities, such as target placement, instrumentation set up, camera placement,
orbiting refueling aircraft, transmitter placement, and other low-intensity activities. For example, the
engagement area for an electromagnetic test is an area in which transmitters and sensors may be
placed or operated from aerial platforms, on existing roads, or within test and target areas.
Debris Areas–areas of high-intensity impact use
The debris areas depicted on the air-to-air and surface-to-air figure reflect the Range extent (air or
ground) where some disturbance is expected or feasible. This disturbance may be caused by falling
debris from weapons impact, errant weapon or aircraft performance resulting in premature failure
and debris, high-energy electromagnetic activity such as HEL or HPM, air or ground launch of
weapons/guns, or other high-intensity activities.
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Target and Test Areas–areas of high-intensity impact use
Target areas are a specialized operations area associated with testing systems effects. These areas
may provide impact areas for delivered ordnance, or provide a venue for static test events such as
large scale detonations. These areas may additionally provide conditions for non-kinematic
systems, to include optical systems (e.g., lasers), or electromagnetic systems under test. Target
areas may contain specialized target structures not considered or managed as facilities, often built
to specialized or foreign construction standards. Target areas are generally considered to be within
the Major Range and Test Facility Base China Lake operational ranges, and do not require
explosive siting per OP-5, though there may be target areas sited for residual or historic reasons.
Test areas are similar to a target area in that they provide specialized test conditions, but
significantly include structures managed as facilities within them. These facilities are often
specialized structures of a relatively major and permanent nature, such as the firing bays at
SkyTop. Test areas additionally also may carry explosive siting, often reflecting their nature as
facilities associated with a processing event, coupled with containing permanent facilities. A
description of individual target and test areas is provided in Appendix D. North and South Range
target and test areas are indicated in Figures 23 through 26.
Focused Electromagnetic Areas–areas of high-intensity use
Focused electromagnetic areas include major existing test areas and facilities which typically
contain dedicated, developed sites (such as electronic warfare or target sites), allowing the
placement of ancillary sensors, transmitters, and threats within the designated area footprint,
electromagnetic emitting and receiving systems do not correspond to ground disturbing impacts.
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Figure 15. Air-to-Air and Surface-to-Air Operations
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Figure 16. Air-to-Surface Operations
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Figure 17. Surface-to-Surface Operations.
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Figure 18. Energetic Operations.
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Figure 19. Electromagnetic Operations.
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Figure 20. Test Track Operations
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Figure 21. Ground Troop Training (Type I) Operations.
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Figure 22. Ground Troop Training (Type II) Operations.
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Figure 23. North Range Target Areas.
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Figure 24. South Range Target Areas.
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Figure 25. North Range Test Areas.
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Figure 26. South Range Test Areas.
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APPENDIX A: CHINA LAKE RDAT&E AND TRAINING OPERATIONS
Table A-1. Research, Development, Acquisition, Test and Evaluation, and Training
Operations
RDAT&E/Training
Operation Description
Air-to-Air Operations
Air-to-Air Weapons
Tests
This scenario involves the test of an air-launched, air-intercept weapon
against a variety of aerial targets. Air-to-air operations generally
employ manned and/or unmanned aircraft, a kinetic or directed energy
(DE) weapon system, a target, and countermeasure devices such as
flares or chaff. Air-to-air testing assesses and evaluates weapons and
weapon systems and the integration of weapon systems with the
aircraft. Operations may include captive-carry inert, live motor but no
warhead, or tactical all-up round for firing and warhead detonation.
Examples of this scenario are the launch of an AIM-9X Sidewinder
missile against a full-scale aerial target or the deployment of a high-
energy laser (HEL) weapon from a manned platform against an
unmanned aerial target.
Aerial Target
Launch
This scenario involves the launching of aerial targets to support test and
training operations. The targets may include BQM-34/74, AQM-37,
drones, unmanned aerial systems (UASs), towed banners, and other
suitable devices. The targets may be launched from the ground or from
aircraft.
Surface-to-Air Operations
Surface-to-Air
Weapons Tests
This scenario involves the test of a surface launched kinetic or DE
weapon against a variety of aerial targets. Surface-to-air testing
evaluates overall weapon system performance, warhead effectiveness,
and software and hardware modifications or upgrades of ground-based
weapon systems. Operations may include inert warhead or tactical all-
up round for firing and warhead detonation. Targets used in surface-to-
air testing include full-scale surface launched targets, air- or surface-
launched subscale targets, unmanned systems, or helicopter targets.
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RDAT&E/Training
Operation Description
Surface Target Launch
This scenario involves the test of a ground-launch weapon from a
fixed launcher. Examples of this scenario are the launch of a 2.75-
inch HYDRA-70 rocket from a stationary launch rail or the
deployment of a HEL weapon against an airborne target.
Air-to-Surface Operations
Air-to-Surface
Weapons Tests
This scenario involves the test of an air-launched, ground attack
weapons against a variety of ground based targets from manned and
unmanned air vehicles. Air-to-surface testing assesses and evaluates
weapon systems, the integration of air-to-surface weapons or weapon
systems to the aircraft, warhead effectiveness, and weapon systems
and/or aircraft software and hardware modifications or upgrades. Air-
to-surface tests are heavily dependent on ground targets, which can
include a wide variety of both vehicular and structural targets. They
may include captive-carry inert, live motor but no warhead, or tactical
all-up round for firing and warhead detonation. An example of this
scenario is the launch of a GBU-130 Joint Direct Attack Munition
(JDAM) against a fixed, structural target.
Mobile Land Targets
(Moving Targets)
This scenario involves the testing and utilization of remote
controlled and autonomous land targets such as M-60 tanks, tractor-
trailers, pick-up sized trucks, and other moving vehicles. Tests may
involve convoys, multiple targets moving at one time, targets
moving at fast speeds, targets towed by motorized vehicles, or other
configurations dictated by customer requirements. Any vehicle
designed for on- or off-road use is a possibility as a mobile land
target. Mobile land targets may also be used to support surface-to-
surface test events.
Surface-to-Surface Operations
Surface-to-Surface
Weapons Tests
This scenario involves the test of a surface-launched, kinetic, or DE
weapon against a surface target. Surface-to-surface testing evaluates
the overall weapon system performance, warhead effectiveness, and
software/hardware modifications or upgrades of ground-based
weapons systems. Operations may include inert warhead or tactical
all-up round for firing and warhead detonation. Targets used in
surface-to-surface testing include both fixed and mobile. This
scenario also includes the testing of guns from fixed surface sites,
ground vehicles, and air platforms; such as the 5-inch, 54 caliber
guns, ground-based DE systems, and shoulder fired weapons.
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RDAT&E/Training
Operation Description
Gun Testing
This scenario involves the testing of guns from fixed surface sites,
ground vehicles, and air platforms. Examples include the 5-inch, 54
caliber naval gun, 20-millimeter (mm) cannon, close-in weapons
system (CWIS), and shoulder fired weapons. This scenario evaluates
the overall weapon system performance, warhead effectiveness, and
software/hardware modifications or upgrades of ground based
weapon systems. Operations may include inert warhead or tactical
all-up round for firing and warhead detonation. Targets used in gun
testing include both fixed and mobile ground targets and various
aerial targets.
Rail Gun
This scenario involves the test of an entirely electrical gun that
accelerates a conductive projectile along a pair of metal rails using the
same principles as the homo-polar motor. Sliding or rolling contacts
permit a large electric current to pass through the projectile. This
current interacts with strong magnetic fields generated by the rails to
accelerate the projectile toward the target. Rail gun testing could also
be categorized under the electromagnetic operational category.
Surface Launched
Weapon Testing
This scenario involves the test of a ground-launched weapon from a
fixed launcher. An example of this scenario is either the launch of a
2.75-inch HYDRA-70 rocket from a stationary launch rail or the test
firing of an MK15 CWIS gun system.
Energetics/Ordnance Operations
Energetics/Ordnance
Tests
This scenario includes test, training, and disposal activities related to
the use of energetic materials, such as propellants and explosives.
Aeroheat and
Materials Evaluation
This scenario involves testing to evaluate the functionality and
suitability of test articles under simulated aerothermal conditions at
supersonic and hypersonic speeds. These tests are conducted at
T-Range.
Air-Breathing Engine
Tests
This scenario involves tests to evaluate the functionality and
suitability of air-breathing propulsion systems at T-Range.
Bullet Impact
This scenario involves the firing of a bullet or other projectile at
munitions, a fuel tank, or other structure to determine the system
response resulting from bullet impact.
Combustion
Characterization
This scenario involves the combustion of solid and liquid fuels, some
with new and novel energetic propellant ingredients, to measure
burning-rate characteristics, temperature sensitivity, the Arrhenius
form of burning-rate law, and the stability behavior in terms of the
Novozhilov parameters.
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RDAT&E/Training
Operation Description
Counter-Improvised
Explosive Device (CIED)
Testing
This scenario involves the testing of CIED technologies and
systems in scenarios and situations that are driven by mission
requirements. CIED testing could also be categorized under the
electromagnetics operational category.
Drop Tests
This scenario involves dropping a munitions or weapon system
from a 40-foot height to a hard surface to determine if the article
under test can withstand a drop without inadvertent ignition.
These tests are conducted to ensure the articles can be safely
shipped and can survive being dropped during transit.
Fast Cook-Off
This scenario involves exposing a munitions or weapon system to
the quickly increasing and elevated temperatures experienced
during a fully developed fire. These tests are performed to simulate
the conditions that would be expected during an incident similar
to the 1967 fire aboard the USS Forrestal (CV-59), in which a
flight deck fire spread and caused munitions loaded on fully armed
aircraft to explode and eventually engulf the entire flight deck. The
incident resulted in 134 sailors killed and 167 injured.
Firefighting Agents and
Technique Testing
This scenario involves tests to evaluate the effectiveness of
various fire suppression agents, systems, and techniques in a
simulated flight deck environment. These operations are
conducted at the Fire Science Test Facility (i.e., Mini-Deck).
Fuel Air Explosive
This scenario involves the testing of an explosive weapon that
produces a blast wave of a significantly longer duration than
those produced by condensed explosives. This is useful in
military applications where its longer duration increases the
numbers of casualties and causes more damage to structures.
These thermobaric explosive devices rely on oxygen from the
surrounding air, whereas most conventional explosives consist
of a fuel-oxygen premix (for instance, gunpowder contains 15%
fuel and 75% oxidizer). Thus, on a weight-for-weight basis, they
are significantly more powerful than normal condensed
explosives. Their reliance on atmospheric oxygen makes them
unsuitable for use underwater or in adverse weather, but they
have significant advantages when deployed inside confined
environments such as tunnels, caves, and bunkers.
Fuel Fire This scenario involves the intentional ignition and sustained
burning of fuel-fed fires for testing firefighting systems, fire
detection systems, or other fire control related systems.
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RDAT&E/Training
Operation Description
Fuze Testing
This scenario involves the testing of fuzes and safety-arming devices
for a broad range of weapons, such as guided missiles, bombs,
rockets, and other types of ordnance. Fuze types may range from
simple mechanical devices to more sophisticated ignition devices
incorporating mechanical and/or electronic components used in a
proximity fuze for a missile or a M107 artillery shell,
magnetic/acoustic fuze on a sea mine, spring-loaded grenade fuze,
pencil detonator, or anti-handling devices. Safety and arming
devices are tested to ensure they prevent inadvertent arming of the
weapons during shipping and handling.
Isotopic Labeling of
Energetic Materials
This scenario involves the labeling of energetic materials to emit
isotopes that are not within the Department of Energy isotope
production and distribution program. Examples may include C12 or
C14, which are used to isotopically carbon date fossils. These tests
may occur at any open-air detonation facility.
Large- and Small-scale
Detonation
This scenario involves the open-air detonation of energetic materials
to support a broad range of test and training objectives.
Liquid Gun Propellant
This scenario involves the testing of guns that use liquid propellant
in place of traditional gunpowder. Two types of liquid propellant
guns, the bulk loaded and the direct injected regenerative liquid
propellant gun (RLPG), are typically used to evaluate liquid gun
propellants. The bulk loaded liquid propellant gun has a chamber
behind the projectile that is filled completely with liquid propellant.
In the direct injected RLPG, the propellant is pumped through
orifices in a differential area piston during the combustion cycle so
that the rate at which the propellant is injected into the combustion
chamber is controlled.
Open-Air Detonation
This scenario involves methods to dispose of unwanted explosives
and munitions and allows for the environmentally safe disposal of
unexploded ordnance. Tests simulate the combustion/explosion
from their initiation in the facility until the plumes have escaped the
facility and begin interacting with nearby environmental, terrain,
and cultural features.
Open Burn/Open
Detonation (OB/OD)
This scenario involves the treatment and disposal of explosive
hazardous waste. The waste consists of energetic waste generated
from research and development (R&D) laboratory activities as well
as munitions waste (both nonstandard items that are no longer useful
to research, development, acquisition, test and evaluation
[RDAT&E] purposes and standard items that are expired, in excess,
or unsafe). Operations are performed at a permitted facility in Burro
Canyon. The facility allows for the disposal of sizeable quantities of
potentially energetic wastes that cannot be safely transported off
range and must be treated onsite.
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RDAT&E/Training
Operation Description
Propulsion Testing This scenario involves testing of rocket motors for standard size
tactical missiles and large strategic missiles.
Shape-charge Jet
This scenario involves testing explosive charges that are shaped to
focus the effect of the explosive's energy. Shaped charges are
frequently used as warheads in anti-tank missiles, gun-fired
projectiles, rifle grenades, mines, bomblets, torpedoes, and various
types of air, land, and sea-launched guided missiles.
Slow Cook-Off
This scenario involves exposing a munitions or weapon system to
slowly increasing temperatures to determine if it inadvertently
explodes or otherwise malfunctions. These tests are performed to
simulate the conditions that would be expected when exposed to a
low-level fire on the flight deck of a carrier, in a magazine storage
area, or any locations where the munitions or weapon system is
exposed to low-level fire over a period of time.
Surface and Static
Weapons Tests
This scenario involves the evaluation of overall weapon system
performance, warhead effectiveness, and software/hardware
modifications or upgrades of ground based weapon systems. It also
includes fuze and munitions development and lot acceptance testing.
Operations may include inert warhead or tactical all-up round for
firing and warhead detonation.
Sympathetic
Detonation
This scenario involves the intentional detonation of one munition
stored in close proximity to another munition to determine if the
intentional detonation triggers a secondary explosion in the
other munition.
Warhead Testing
This scenario involves warhead performance tests for lethality. Tests
analyze fragment and blast kill mode capacities. Warhead delivery
vehicles include bombs, missiles, and rockets.
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RDAT&E/Training
Operation Description
Electromagnetics Operations
Electromagnetic Tests
This scenario involves ground and flight tests that radiate radio
frequency (RF) energy across much of the electromagnetic
spectrum.
Antenna Pattern
Measurement
This scenario involves the testing of a broad range of antennae to
ensure the antenna meets specifications, or simply to characterize
antenna performance parameters such as gain, radiation pattern,
beam width, polarization, and impedance.
Communications
Testing
This scenario involves flight and ground test of clear and secure
internal and external voice communications and components that
provide for the transmission and receipt of digital data required by
information warfare systems. System components include radios,
data links, intercoms, AJ/LPI Appliqués, antennae, data modems,
and communications security equipment.
Counter-Improvised
Explosive Device
Testing
This scenario involves the testing of CIED technologies and
systems in scenarios and situations that are driven by mission
requirements. CIED testing could also be categorized under the
energetics operational category.
Countermeasures
This scenario involves aircraft and ground based testing in a
simulated threat environment to evaluate the effectiveness of
electronic countermeasures (ECM) equipment, such as chaff,
flares, towed and launched infrared (IR) and RF decoys, jammers,
self-defense systems, and other systems designed to counter
electronic threats. These tests may involve the transmission of high
power RF energy and/or the release of chaff, IR decoy flares, RF
decoys, obscurants, or similar nonexplosive stores.
Directed Energy Testing
(HEL and HPM)
This scenario involves the test of:
The HEL weapons designed for area defense, aircraft self-
protection, strategic and tactical missile defense, and
precision strike. Systems may be integrated onto land,
aircraft, and ship platforms. Ship power systems have the
capacity to extend their range and lethality.
High-power microwave (HPM) weapons designed to
provide both anti-electronic and nonlethal antipersonnel
capabilities. Systems may be integrated onto land, aircraft,
and ship platforms. Ship power systems have the capacity
to extend both range and lethality of HPM weapons.
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RDAT&E/Training
Operation Description
Electromagnetic
Environmental Effects
(E3) Tests
This scenario tests the impact of the electromagnetic environment
on the operational capability of military forces, equipment,
systems, and platforms. It encompasses all electromagnetic
disciplines, including electromagnetic capability and
electromagnetic interference; electromagnetic vulnerability;
electromagnetic pulse; electrostatic discharge; hazards of
electromagnetic radiation to personnel, ordnance, and volatile
materials; and natural phenomena effects of lightning and
precipitation static.
Electronic Warfare
This scenario involves aircraft- and ground-based systems
operations to develop defensive and offensive tactics against
enemy weapon systems. These tests require an extensive array of
realistic threat replication or simulation devices to ensure realistic
results. These tests may involve the transmission of high power RF
energy and/or the release of chaff, IR decoy flares, RF decoys, or
similar nonexplosive stores.
Experimental
Electromagnetics
This scenario involves the testing of a broad range of
electromagnetic systems. Tests include radar cross-section (RCS)
measurement, global positioning system (GPS) anti-jam test, and
general electromagnetic testing. RCS tests the vulnerability of
weapons systems to detection, jamming, HPM, and directed
energy systems.
Laser Testing
This scenario involves the use of lasers for a broad range of
applications such as target designation and ranging, defensive
countermeasures, communications, and DE weapons.
Sensor Testing
This scenario involves flight and ground tests to design, develop,
and integrate the broad range of sensors used in aircraft and other
weapons systems. They include acoustic, RF, explosive ordnance,
chemical, and other types of sensors that use current and
emerging technologies.
Signature Measurement
Testing
This scenario involves the use of actual system hardware or
physical models to measure signal data such as RF, RCS, synthetic
aperture radar, ground moving target indicators, electro-optical,
infrared, ultraviolet, visible, laser, acoustic, seismic, magnetic,
exhaust plume characteristics, as well as electromagnetic
emissions or returns.
Track Test Operations
Track Tests
This scenario involves the testing of systems mounted on a sled
capable of operating at speeds ranging from subsonic to
hypersonic. This includes captive flight, ejection seat and terminal
effect testing as well as calibration testing of the track.
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RDAT&E/Training
Operation Description
Captive Flight Tests
This scenario involves the test of a weapon system mounted on a sled
to simulate flight conditions. A test article, often a full-scale aircraft
or weapon system, is propelled down track to simulate flight
conditions. These flight conditions can cover a velocity much lower
than seen in other Supersonic Naval Ordnance Research Track
(SNORT) testing, such as terminal effects testing.
Ejection Seat Tests
This scenario involves the test of an ejection seat from a cockpit
section mounted on a rocket-propelled sled. This includes the down-
range movement of the sled, coupled with a secondary, vertical
launch of the ejection seat. The sled velocities are typically subsonic.
Terminal Effects Tests
This scenario involves the test of a weapon system for target
penetration capabilities against a fixed target, often a concrete block,
mounted down-range of the muzzle section of the SNORT track. The
weapon is separated from a propelled sled, which is retarded via a
water brake immediately prior to the muzzle. The weapon is allowed
to transit down-range to impact without the sled.
Fleet Training Operations
Air Combat Training
This scenario involves aircrew training in the art of maneuvering a
combat aircraft to attain a position from which an attack can be made
on another aircraft. It relies on offensive and defensive basic fighter
maneuvering to gain an advantage over an aerial opponent. The use
of dissimilar aircraft in the program furthers the learning process.
Aircrew Training
This scenario includes aircrew proficiency training, functional check
flights, and tactical training of Fleet squadrons, to include static and
moving targets.
Combat Skills
Training
This scenario involves training to prepare explosive ordnance
disposal (EOD) technicians for the combat environment, including
mine resistant ambush protected driving, crew-served weapons
proficiency, urban environment training, and enemy ordnance safety
procedures. Combat skills training is conducted at the Naval
Expeditionary Combat Command Complex located in Darwin Wash.
Ground Troop
Training (GTT)
This scenario involves combat training of ground troops with
emphasis on Special Forces, EOD, expeditionary force, construction
battalion (Seabees), forward deployed air controller, and
reconnaissance. Examples include, but are not limited, to Force
Reconnaissance, Insertion and Extraction, Close Air Support, Fleet
Area Control and Surveillance, OB/OD, Mine Clearance, and other
types of tactical exercises.
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APPENDIX B: CLASSES OF LASERS
Table B-1. Laser Safety Classes.
Laser Class
Description
Energy
Emitted Safety Issues Examples
Class 1*
Low powered
devices
considered safe
from all
potential
hazards
Not
applicable
(N/A)
No injury, regardless of
exposure time, to eyes or
skin. No safety measures
necessary.
Laser printers, toys,
compact disc (CD)
players, CD read-
only memory
devices, laboratory
analytical equipment
Class 2*
Low power,
visible light
lasers that
could possibly
cause damage
to a person’s
eyes
<1 milliwatt
(mW)
Usually safe. Eye
protection normally
afforded by the aversion
response (turning away
from a bright light source
or closing or blinking
eyes). If directly viewed
for long periods of time
with no blinking, damage
to eyes could result.
Pointers used in
presentations, toys,
range finding
equipment, aiming
devices
Class
3** Medium Power <500mW
May be hazardous to eyes
under direct and specular
reflection (almost perfect
reflection such as a mirror)
viewing conditions, but is
normally not hazardous.
Laser scanners,
military hand-held
laser rangefinders,
entertainment
light shows, target
illuminators
Class 4 High Power >500mW
Direct beam or specular
reflection is hazardous to
eyes and skin. May pose a
diffuse reflection hazard
(reflected off an imperfect
reflective surface) or fire
hazard. May produce air
pollutants.
Medical surgery,
research, drilling,
cutting, welding,
aircraft target
designator used for
guided weapons,
military laser
weapons
* Class 1M and 2M categories also exist, which have the same parameters as above, except that direct viewing with an optical
instrument such as a telescope could be potentially hazardous.
**Two subcategories exist under Class 3: Class 3R lasers are potentially hazardous if the eye is appropriately focused and stable,
but probability of injury is low; energy emitted is <5mW. Class 3B may be hazardous under direct and specular reflection
viewing conditions; energy emitted is <500mW.
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APPENDIX C: CHINA LAKE TARGET TYPES
Table C-1. Range Target Types.
Target Target Description
Aerial Targets
Aerial targets include towed banners and unmanned air platforms ranging from
small hand launched remote controlled planes, subsonic and supersonic aerial
target drones, to full-scale aircraft. Aerial targets may be air or ground
launched and are fired upon or targeted while in the air. These targets are often
recovered intact or with only minor damage after test completion.
Anti-Radiation
Missile (ARM)
Targets
ARM targets are special use targets designed to replicate an enemy surface-
to-air missile (SAM) site. They are typically arranged to visually resemble
a SAM site and are enhanced to emit radio frequency (RF) energy in manner
similar to a real world SAM site.
Bullseye Class
Targets
Bullseye class targets are simple stationary targets. Examples include, but
are not limited to, plywood stands, highway cones, etc.
High Fidelity
Structural
Targets
High fidelity structural targets are robust structures of a broad variety,
typically built to meet specific customer requirements. These targets are
constructed using structural concrete, steel, or other common building
supplies and are used to simulate structures that warfighters must prosecute.
Examples include, but are not limited to, bunkers, smoke stacks, command
centers, etc.
Land Feature
Targets
This type of target includes natural or man-made land features that can be
used as a target or reference point. Examples include, but are not limited to,
previously disturbed land areas, vegetated areas, geotechnical areas, caves,
mines, tunnels, airfields, runways, paved or graded roads, etc. Land features
are typically used to test sensors with unique detection capabilities on a
broad range of earth features. Shapes to simulate improvised explosive
devices, mines, or other threats may be buried in previously disturbed land
areas for such testing. Buried targets may be removed after the test and the
ground restored to original contours or they may be left in place for future
use. Explosive munitions are not commonly used on these types of targets.
Mobile Land
Targets
Mobile land targets include objects moving on land. Examples include, but
are not limited to, a man on horseback, dune buggies, cars, pickup trucks,
tractor-trailer rigs, tanks, other types of on- or off-road vehicles, etc.
Vehicular targets may be manned, unmanned but controlled remotely with
a man in the loop, or operated autonomously using programmed waypoints
or artificial intelligence. Test scenarios may involve a single target, multiple
targets operating simultaneously, or targets in convoy formations. Mobile
land targets can also operate from low to high speeds to simulate evasive
enemy tactics. They may be completely destroyed during a test and end up
as a pile of burning tires, twisted metal, and residual fuel that must be
cleaned up and removed from the range. Special precautions are taken to
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Target Target Description
minimize debris and residual petroleum products when these types of targets
are prepared to support a live-fire test.
No Drop Sensor
Targets
No drop targets are typically used to test sensors and are not intended for
actual weapon impact. Sensor targets encompass the electromagnetic and
acoustic spectrums which may include laser targets to calibrate a targeting
system, an array of contrasting colors painted on a surface to test the
discrimination ability of an electro-optical sensor, an array of infrared
sources to test the discrimination ability of thermal sensors, RF sources to
calibrate sensors and seekers, corner reflectors to test radar system
performance, and other types of enhanced target features.
Simple Structural
Targets
Simple structural targets are built to resemble simple elementary structures.
Examples include, but are not limited to, a stack of sea vans or Container
Express (commonly called CONEX) boxes arranged to replicate a threat
shape or a stack of sea vans with a cosmetic fascia, such as a painted
plywood overlay, to simulate a building or structure.
Stationary
Vehicular
Targets
Stationary vehicular targets include any type of vehicle from which all
hazardous liquids, such as oil, gasoline, jet fuel, hydraulic fluid, etc., have
been removed. Examples include, but are not limited to, cars, trucks, boats,
airplanes, etc.
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APPENDIX D: CHINA LAKE TARGET AND TEST AREAS
Table D-1. Baker Range Target and Test Areas.
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
High
Explosive
(HE) Use
Baker Range
Operation Area
(Op Area)
General Baker Range N/A Yes
B-1A Historically bladed and cleared area Target Yes
B-1B/B-1C Historically bladed and cleared area; used
as an impact area Target No
B-1D Historically bladed and cleared area Target No
B-1F
Three separated target areas to east of
Lower Baker. Historically bladed and
cleared area used for firebomb studies
Target Yes
B-2
Historically bladed and cleared area;
historically used for airborne tests with
highly explosive warheads; Counter-
Improvised Explosive Device (CIED)
Target Yes
Baker/Brown Rd Linear Feature; CIED Testing Test No
B-3 Historically bladed and cleared area; CIED
testing Target Yes
B-4
Sled track facility, accidental release sled
track facility and target, calibration track,
general purpose test area; CIED,
Unmanned Systems
Test Yes
Baker Blow in
Place (BIP)
Explosive clearance, static testing, and
CIED Target Yes
Condor TC-2 Precision guided munitions (PGM) target Target No
Condor TC-4
Complex PGM target Target No
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Name Description
Target/Test
Area
High
Explosive
(HE) Use
Lower Baker Support facilities and target storage area Target Yes
Midas West Paved instrumentation site; static testing Test Yes
Sandy Van PGM target Target No
Table D-2. Charlie Range Target and Test Areas.
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
Charlie Range Op
Area General Charlie Range N/A Yes
C-1 Historically bladed and cleared weapon
impact area Target Yes
C-2 Historically bladed and cleared weapon
impact area Target Yes
C-3 #1 Historically bladed and cleared weapon
impact area Target Yes
C-3 #2 Historically bladed and cleared weapon
impact area Target Yes
C-3 SAM Site Air-to-Surface Target Target Yes
FLR-3 Instrumentation Site Target No
North Charlie
Target
Weapon impact area and launch and firing
area Target Yes
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Table D-3. George Range Target and Test Areas.
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
George Range General George Range N/A Yes
3”/5” Impact
Areas
Weapon impact areas; along Centerline
Road Target Yes
ALAST Laser guidance and optical system target
used for calibration of instrumentation Target No
Airport Lake
(APL)/VABY
Drop Zone
Equipment Drop Zone Target No
Bullpup
Distributed target complex
Counter-Improvised Explosive Device
(CIED), Unmanned Systems
Target Yes
Burro Canyon
Ordnance test and evaluation (T&E) test
areas and Open Burn/Open Detonation
(OB/OD) Facility
Explosive treatment area
NEW of 50,000lbs
The western section used for warhead
performance testing NEW limit up to
20,000lbs
Test Yes
Drop Zone
Circular cleared and disked weapon impact
area (1 mile diameter)
Parachute impact area Target Yes
East Gunline
400 Acres east of Kennedy Stands along
Centerline Rd
CIED, Unmanned Systems
Target Yes
FAE Cleared weapon impact area. CIED,
Unmanned Systems Target Yes
G-1 Static Testing Test Yes
G-2 Gunline Surface launch facility and weapon impact
area Target Yes
G-6 Surface launch facility Target No
G-9 Cleared and bladed weapon impact area; 3-
foot impact area Target No
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Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
GZAP Cleared and bladed weapon impact area Target Yes
Hans Site Paved instrumentation site Test No
J-90
Instrumentation site
Surface-to-surface launch facility
Located at base of Mountain Springs
Canyon Gate; Northeast of Bullpup
Test No
Kennedy Stands Weapon impact area Target Yes
Midas East Paved instrumentation site Test No
Mountain Springs
Canyon Borrow Pit test area Target No
Phalanx
Weapon impact area to west of G6 launch
and gun site also referred to as Deadman
Canyon
Target Yes
PMT West Cleared and bladed weapon impact area;
large pond and well Target Yes
PMT Cleared and bladed weapon impact area;
CIED, Unmanned Systems Target Yes
Pole Target Weapon impact area Target Yes
RAMEX Bullet impact complex; base of Wilson
Canyon Test No
Redeye Complex Weapon impact area Target Yes
Sandia Penetrator test site; located at top of
Wilson Canyon Test Yes
Shrike Distributed target complex
CIED, Unmanned Systems Target No
Sweetwater Wash
Drop Zone located at top of Wilson
Canyon approximately 2.5 miles from
Sandia.
Target No
Tower 11 Gun
Line Large caliber gun firing line station Test No
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Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
X-3/Centerline
Road target areas, areas allows high speed
target movement; static, and CIED testing Target Yes
Table D-4. Airport Lake Target and Test Areas.
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
APL
Large target playa with associated
target roads and surrounding area
Parachute Operations Area
Target Yes
Convoy Complex
Weapon impact areas
Counter-Improvised Explosive
Device (CIED), Unmanned
Systems
Target/Test Yes
G-4
Sled Track facility with associated
target areas
Static testing
Maximum net explosive weight
(NEW) of 30,000lbs.
Test Yes
Gun Butts Weapon impact area Target Yes
HABR Multiple weapon impact area Target Yes
Maverick Road
Target road complex and weapon
impact area along the north shore
of Airport Lake. CIED testing
Target/Test Yes
Sam’s Town Large bladed and cleared weapon
impact area with targets Target Yes
Stormville Weapon impact area Target Yes
VABY Weapon impact area and
instrumentation site Target Yes
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Table D-5. Supersonic Naval Ordnance Research Track Test Areas.
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
SNORT
Sled track facility target development, and
storage area
Maximum net explosive weight (NEW) of
50,000 lbs.
1) 2,500lbs. NEW North Detonation Site
(Muzzle end)
2) 700 lb. NEW West Target Yard (15K
yard) and VBAR Track
3) 70 lb. NEW Ejection Seat Test Area
Vera testing
Counter-Improvised Explosive Device
(CIED) testing Muzzle to Baker Access Rd
Test Yes
Table D-6. Junction Ranch Target and Test Areas.
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
17 Degree
Lookdown Located near Tennessee Springs Test No
EVR Drop Zone Equipment Drop Zone Target No
GPS Arena
Electromagnetic and general purpose test
site Counter-Improvised Explosive Device
(CIED)
Test No
North 40 Electromagnetic and general purpose test
facility (lined pond on site) Test No
Parrot Peak Instrumentation site Test No
PRFE Site High-power microwave (HPM) Testing Test No
Shot-put Arena Electromagnetic and general purpose test
site Test No
South 40
(including
Etcharren Valley
Road)
Electromagnetic and general purpose test
facility Test No
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Table D-7. Coso Range Target and Test Areas.
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
Coso Target
Complex
Military target areas
High Elevation Target Area includes
Convoy, tanks, bridge and RR tunnel
Target No
ELOY Site Weapon impact area
CIED, Unmanned Systems Target No
Lower Cactus
Flats
Ordnance/Warhead Detonation Site;
Counter-Improvised Explosive Device
(CIED)
30,000lbs NEW
Test
Yes
Upper Cactus
Flats
Ordnance/Warhead Detonation Site; CIED
200,000lbs. net explosive weight (NEW)
Test
Yes
Table D-8. Coles Flat Target and Test Areas.
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
Coles Flat Distributed target complex
CIED Target/Test Yes
CP-42 Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD)
Training Area/Weapon Impact Area (located
by Mariposa mine
Test Yes
Drop Zone High altitude simulated drops/recovery zone Target No
Safeway Cleared and bladed weapon impact area
Static/CIED Target/Test Yes
Coles SAM Site Weapon Impact area Target Yes
Ship Site (Wild
Horse Mesa) Weapon impact area Target Yes
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Table D-9. Darwin Wash Target and Test Areas.
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
Box Canyon
Explosive test arena and electromagnetic
test area; 50 lbs. net explosive weight
(NEW)
Test Yes
Darwin Road Linear road feature for CIED testing Test No
Drop Zone
Located north of EOD facility and China
Gardens Wash to enable training involving
parachuting individuals and equipment
Test No
Explosive
Ordnance
Disposal
Training &
Evaluation Unit
One
(EODTEU-1)
Naval Expeditionary Combat Command
Training Complex Test/Training Yes
Joint Counter-
Improvised
Explosive
Device (IED)
Facility (JCIF)
Joint CIED Interoperability Facility includes
test track made of asphalt & concrete and
instrumentation sites.
Test No
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Table D-10. Weapons Survivability Laboratory Test Areas.
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
HIVAS
HIVAS 2
LFT&E
Test site for aircraft live fire
survivability/lethality, aerodynamic, and
cook-off tests, and remote controlled run-up
and operation of aircraft, sea vehicles and/or
missile engines and components; 50 pounds
net explosive weight (NEW)
Test Yes
JCAT
Joint Combat Assessment Team (JCAT)
training area. 350 acres east/southeast of
Weapon Survivability
Training No
K-2 Range Live fire survivability range. Includes HFI
RTS site Test Yes
Mini-Deck
Fire Science Test Facility–provides flight
deck fire environment. Up to 240,000 gallons
per year burned
Test No
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Table D-11. Area R Test Areas.
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
Area R
Warhead Test Sites, Includes Barricades 1 to
8. NEW:
- 100lbs Barricades 1 and 2
- 150lbs Barricade 6
- 200lbs Barricades 3-5
Test Yes
Burn Room Testing of fire-fighting reagents on small
scale fires Test No
Thompson Lab
Historically used for indoor test range for
scale model weapons–now modified to
office spaces
Test No
Pearson Lab Small Scale Detonation Testing Test Yes
6” Gun Test Small scale detonations/bullet impact testing Test Yes
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Table D-12. Randsburg Wash Range Target and Test Areas.
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
5”/54 Gun Impact Located east of the North Tower site
Live fire events Target No
Air Force Electronic warfare (EW) instrumentation
site Test No
Bear EW test complex including
instrumentation and threat placement Test No
Bunker Site EW test site Test No
Bunkers Radar
Site EW test and instrumentation site Test No
C-130 Strip Remote expeditionary airfield and decoy
recovery area Target No
Charlie Airfield
Weapon impact area, Designated Air-Air
decoy backup drop area, energetics,
CIED, Unmanned Systems
Target Yes
Drop Zone Air drop and recovery area north of C-
130 Strip Target No
Farmers Field
Circular target area with middle bladed,
roads for instrumentation placement,
includes transect access roads. CIED,
Unmanned Systems, energetics
Target Yes
Flash Site
UV laser stimulation testing; UAS/UGS
Unmanned Systems; Paved air strip;
counter-improvised explosive device
(CIED) test area
Test No
Fresh Site EW instrumentation site Test No
Fuze Range Proximity fuze range Target Yes
Garcia Site EW test site Test No
Echo 8 EW test site Test No
Gun Range Large caliber gun firing range and target
area Target Yes
HP Drop Zones
Drop zones (Harness Pack project)
initially developed to drop equipment by
parachute; 300 yard radius
Target No
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Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
Igloo Large scale detonation range Target Yes
Land Sites 1 to 4
EW test site complexes; unmanned aerial
system (UAS)/unmanned ground systems
(UGS); Laser/Optical Target (LS-4)
Test No
MOM EW testing complex, instrumentation
staging; top of Black Mtn. Test No
NATO EW test complex (includes Collimation
Tower) Micro UAS Test No
North Tower Site Targets or ordnance can be suspended
between the towers. Test Yes
Northwest Site Adjacent to Sea Site 3–EW
instrumentation and threats Test No
Parking Lot Signature measurement parking lot with
surrounding track for mobile targets Target No
Photo Knob EW test site–portable units; ground troop
training observation point Target No
Pole Site Located within Bear Town–EW
instrumentation site Test No
South Tower Site EW test site Test Yes
Sea Site -1 EW test complex (includes Collimation
Tower) Test No
Sea Site -2 EW threats and instrumentation test site Test No
Sea Site -3
EW threats and instrumentation (includes
Collimation Tower) northwest of North
Towers
Test No
Starplex Instrumentation and EW threats Test No
TACAN Radar site north of Randsburg Wash
Road (ROTR 5 location) Test No
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Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
Tower 9 EW test site (at turn off to Flash Site) Test No
TSPI EW test site located east of Sea Site 1 Test No
Unmanned Aerial
Vehicle (UAV)
Test Strip
Remote UAV test strip at Flash site
2,500ft long by 50ft wide paved strip. Test No
Unmanned Aerial
Vehicle (UAV)
Site
UAV airstrip and hangar adjacent to
South Tower site; on road to Superior
Valley
Test No
Wicker Site EW test site Test No
Y-Site Instrumentation site Test No
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Table D-13. Mojave B North Target and Test Areas.
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
Brown Mountain Instrumentation site Test No
Convoy Complex Weapon impact area
CIED, Unmanned Systems Target/Test Yes
Drop Zones Simulated equipment drops–initially
developed for Harness Pack project Target No
John Site
EW test site–on western side of Wingate
Target area–used for
observation/instrumentation
Target No
Johnson Mine Weapon impact area–East side of Slate
Range near Early Spring Target Yes
Kim Site Developed instrumentation test site
Photovoltaic array at the site Test No
Potts Peak Instrumentation Site Test No
Slate Range
Facility Instrumentation, antenna and camera site. Test No
Straw Peak Instrumentation site Test No
Wingate Airfield GTT training; Simulated airfield target Target Yes
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Table D-14. Mojave B South Target and Test Areas.
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
PHOTO Target Photo Optical target area Target No
Pyramid Peak Instrumentation Site Test No
Table D-15. Superior Valley Target and Test Area.
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
Superior Valley
Target and Training Complex
Targets: AirForce A/B/C, Bullseye, Photo,
Airfield, North Targets Target Yes
Table D-16. Cuddeback Target and Test Areas.*
Name Description
Target/Test
Area
HE Use
Air Strip Paved Airstrip
Unmanned systems Target No
Target Areas Circular Cleared designated target areas Target Yes
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Table D-17. Ordnance Test and Evaluation, and Propulsion Laboratory Test Areas.
Test Area Test Area Description HE Use Net Explosive Weight (NEW)
Limits
Aero heat
(T-Range)
Sea-level, air-breathing
engine and aero thermal
test facility
Yes
Energetic Material up to 249lbs
and 5,000lbs
Liquids up to 2,000lbs
Max of 100,000lbs of thrust
CBAT M3 Test
Bay
Contained burn test
chamber Yes
Solid Propellants up to
50,000lbs
Coliseum
(Warhead Test
Arena)
Open detonation and
warhead site Yes
Energetic Material up to
10,000lbs
CT-1* Cook-off and detonation
site Yes
Energetic Material up to
2,000lbs
CT-3* Contained burn test
chamber Yes
Energetic Material up to 200lbs
of Category 1.1 or 400lbs of
Category 1.3
CT-4*
Cook-off, bullet impact,
fragment impact, and drop
tower sites
Yes Energetic Material up to
5,000lbs
CT-6 Gun, open detonation site,
VERA Yes
Energetic Material up to
3,000lbs
Liquid Propellants up to
10,500lbs
Small-Scale
Cook-Off
Facility
Small-scale cook-off Yes 5lbs Categories 1.1, 1.3, or 1.4
Detonation
Mechanics-
Outdoor Firing
Bay
Energetic Testing Yes 15lbs Categories 1.1, 1.3, or 1.4
Test Bays 1, 2,
2A, 3, 6, 7
Boondocks, and
Launch Test
Facility (LTF)
Propulsion and launch test
facilities Yes
Energetic Material up to:
10,000lbs at Bay 2
11,000lbs at Bay 1
205,000lbs at Bays 2A,
3, 6, 7, and Boondocks
500lbs at LTF
Guntub Bay Small scale energetic
testing site Yes 3lbs
Outdoor Firing
Bay B-12510
Small scale energetic
testing site Yes 15lbs
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Test Area Test Area Description HE Use Net Explosive Weight (NEW)
Limits
Test Bay 4 Hypergolic
fueling/defueling facility Yes
Energetic Material up to
18,000lbs
Liquids and Hypergolic up to
80,000lbs
Test Bay 8 Plume and propulsion test
site Yes
Energetic Material up to
10,000lbs
*All NEW limits are for Explosives Category 1.1 with the exception of CT-3, Small-Scale Cook-Off Facility, and
Detonation Mechanics–Indoor and Outdoor firing Bay. Control terminal test sites are also permitted for consumption
of various types of fuels.
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APPENDIX E: RANGE USE AREAS
Table E-1. China Lake Range Use Area Definitions.
Range Use Area Description
North Range
Airport Lake Range
Occupies approximately 57 square miles in the central portion of the
North Range. This Range use area is a large playa surrounded on three
sides by hills and mountains. Contains the G-4 test track.
Armitage Airfield
Occupies approximately 13 square miles in the southern portion of the
North Range, northwest of Main site. Contains three major runways,
facilities for aircraft maintenance, hangars, ordnance handling and
storage, ground support equipment, and the Range Control Center.
Baker Range Located along the southwestern edge of the North Range.
Cactus Flats Range Occupies approximately 1,157 acres in the northwestern portion of the
North Range. It is located at an approximate elevation of 5,100 feet.
Charlie Range
Located adjacent to the east side of Baker Range and north of Supersonic
Naval Ordnance Research Track (SNORT) along the valley floor of the
North Range.
Coles Flat Range Located in the north central portion of the North Range.
Coso North Range
Occupies approximately 70 square miles in the northwestern corner of
the North Range. Represents a typical wilderness-type combat
environment characterized by rough, mountainous terrain covered with
piñon pine, juniper tree, and brush. This Range use area is located on a
broad mountainous plateau.
Coso South Range
Located south of the Coso North Range. Represents a typical wilderness-
type combat environment characterized by rough, mountainous terrain
covered with piñon pine, juniper tree, and brush. The Range is located
on a broad mountainous plateau.
Coso Geothermal Occupies approximately 26 square miles and is located to the southwest
of the Coso South Range.
Darwin Wash
Located at an elevation of 4,500 feet in the northeastern corner of the
North Range. Contains a major portion of the Naval Expeditionary
Combat Command Training Complex used for combat training of
explosives ordnance disposal technicians and other operational forces.
The Joint Counter-Improvised Explosive Device Facility is also located
within this area.
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Range Use Area Description
George Range
Occupies approximately 305 square miles in the eastern portion of the
North Range, in the northeastern portion of the Indian Wells Valley. The
Argus Mountains to the east and Coso Mountains to the north act as
natural buffers for safety and security and ideal vantage points for test
instrumentation. Contains the Weapons Survivability Complex and the
Burro Canyon OB/OD Facility.
Junction Ranch
Occupies approximately 65 square miles in the northeastern part of the
North Range. Etcharren Valley is the center of this range use area.
Surrounding terrain limits visual line of sight into the area, minimizing
security and electro-magnetic interference concerns.
Mainsite
Occupies approximately 8 square miles in the southern portion of the
North Range. Contains Station headquarters, principal laboratories, and
most administrative and support functions and is the largest developed
area on-station.
Main Magazines
Occupies approximately 5 square miles in the southeastern portion of the
North Range, south of George Range use area but north of the Propulsion
Laboratories. Composed of ordnance storage, administrative facilities,
and safety areas.
Ordnance Test and
Evaluation
Occupies 90 square miles in the southeastern corner of the North Range.
Contains facilities for safety (i.e., insensitive munitions), propulsion, and
warhead testing. The control terminal test areas and SkyTop are located
within this range use area.
Propulsion
Laboratories
Occupies approximately 15 square miles in the southeast corner of the
North Range. The complex consists of two discrete areas, the China Lake
Propulsion Laboratory and the Salt Wells Propulsion Laboratory, each
with more than 100 buildings and test facilities dedicated to propellant
and explosives testing. The Salt Wells Propulsion Laboratory is also
China Lake’s primary ordnance processing/manufacturing area.
SNORT
Located in the southwestern corner of the North Range. Heavily
instrumented facility with a high-speed test track. This area also includes
sites such as the 15K yard and Vehicle Barrier Track.
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Range Use Area Description
South Range
Cuddeback Range The gunnery range has an airstrip and two main target areas.
Mojave B North
Range
Occupies approximately 238 square miles in the northern portion of the
South Range. The Range contains Wingate Airfield.
Mojave B South
Range
Occupies approximately 180 square miles in the southern portion of the
South Range. The Eagle Crag mountains are located within this range.
Randsburg Wash
Range
Occupies approximately 282 square miles in the central portion of the
South Range and is on the level floor of an isolated 15-mile-long valley,
bordered by mountains to the north and south (Charlie Airfield located
here).
Superior Valley
Occupies approximately 74 square miles within Mojave B South and is
located on the southern border of the South Range. This range is used
primarily to deliver inert munitions, including practice bombs, rockets,
flare, chaff cartridges, and gun projectiles on static and/or moving targets
and is the most heavily used area for tactical training with air-to-surface
weapon systems for fleet squadrons.
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APPENDIX F: SPECIAL PURPOSE RANGES AND FACILITIES
Table F-1. Special Purpose Range and Facilities.
Special Purpose
Range/Facility Description
Burro Canyon
Open Burn/Open
Detonation Facility
The Burro Canyon Open Burn/Open Detonation (OB/OD) Facility
consists of approximately 15 acres of disturbed land in mountainous
terrain of the North Range. Open detonation is the preferred method of
energetic waste treatment and is conducted directly on the ground surface.
Open burns are conducted in an elevated burn pan.
Fire Science Test
Facility
(Mini-Deck)
The Fire Science Test Facility is located in the Weapon Survivability
Laboratory (WSL). The facility simulates a flight deck fire environment
and provides for the testing of new firefighting agents and firefighting
techniques. Permits allow burning up to 240,000 gallons of jet propulsion-
8 (JP-8) fuel per year.
G-4 Track
The G-4 Track is located 16 miles north of SNORT. G-4 overlooks
Airport Lake and is a 3,000-foot long, precisely aligned, heavy-duty dual
rail track. It has a narrower gage rail spacing than SNORT, but is capable
of propelling monorail or dual rail test vehicles with similar speed and
weight limits. The muzzle overlooks a wide, deep valley, which facilitates
ballistic launch trajectories several hundred feet above impact point.
Arrestor gear is available for sled recovery, although most tests involve
launch of the test item. A portable velocity measurement system is used
at this track.
Joint Counter
Improvised
Explosive Device
(CIED) Facility
(JCIF)
Located within Darwin Wash, JCIF conducts the test and evaluation
(T&E) of CIED technologies and systems, and they emulate relevant
threats to provide necessary data in response to mission requirements.
Junction Ranch
Junction Ranch is an isolated outdoor test facility for electromagnetic testing
which is the range's principal mission, along with, acoustics and infrared
(IR) testing, directed energy (DE), radio frequency (RF) communications,
RF phenomenology, and coherent antenna measurements.
Naval
Expeditionary
Combat Command
(NECC) Training
Complex
The NECC Training Complex brings explosive ordnance disposal (EOD),
Naval Coastal Warfare, Navy Expeditionary Logistics Support functions,
and Seabees together. NECC integrates all warfighting requirements for
expeditionary combat and combat support elements. This transformation
allows for standardized training, manning, and equipping of sailors who will
participate in the global war on terrorism as part of the joint force. It also
results in more capable, responsive, and effective expeditionary sailors.
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Special Purpose
Range/Facility Description
Ordnance T&E
Ranges/Facilities
Ordnance T&E ranges contain several test sites for static testing of solid
propulsion rocket motors and arena testing of highly explosive (HE)
warhead and other explosive devices. Propulsion tests are conducted
within the following sites, including Bay 1, Bay 2, Bay 2A, Bay 3, Bay 4,
Bay 6, Bay 7, Bay 8, Boondocks, and Launch Test Facility. These areas
are collectively known as SkyTop. Bay 6 is the vertical large solid rocket
motor firing area and Bay 7 is the horizontal large solid rocket motor
firing area. The unit also contains facilities for evaluating the reaction of
weapons to various military hazards, such as aircraft fuel fires, bullet
impacts, and drops (accidental displacement during transport). Facilities
are available for testing the reaction of weapons to such various
environmental factors as temperature, humidity, vibration, and salt spray.
Propulsion
Laboratories
The China Lake Propulsion Laboratory (CLPL) and the Salt Wells
Propulsion Laboratory (SWPL) each contain more than 100 buildings and
test facilities dedicated to research, development, acquisition, test and
evaluation (RDAT&E) of propellants and explosives. The SWPL is China
Lake’s primary ordnance processing/manufacturing area. The
CLPL/SWPL areas have a permanent clearance of up to 2,500 feet above
ground level for testing.
Supersonic Naval
Ordnance Research
Track (SNORT)
The SNORT is a 4.1-mile heavy-duty dual rail track capable of propelling
monorail or test vehicles at hypersonic speeds. Test vehicles weighing up
to 136,000 pounds have been tested on the track. Trackside facilities
include a simulated rain field for erosion testing and a series of
poles/towers for suspension of test instrumentation above the rails. The
SNORT mission is to serve government and industry by providing a high-
speed testing capability that allows customer systems to be tested and
evaluated under reliable and controlled dynamic conditions. Typical tests
conducted at the facilities include complex multiple target penetration
using live HE filled warheads, live fuzes, or both; aircrew ejection
systems; bombs, including live HE fill; missiles; rockets; guidance and
fuzing (live, inert, recorder) systems; free-flight terminal ballistics;
environmental; soft recovery; electronic warfare and countermeasures;
vehicle and barrier testing.
Vehicle Barrier
Track (VBAR)
The VBAR is a 100-foot long section of rail secured onto a flat concrete
pad available for testing motorized vehicles against antiterrorist
barricades. Tests typically involve propelling specially adapted vehicles
into barricades at the end of the track (adjacent to the SNORT track).
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Special Purpose
Range/Facility Description
Weapons
Survivability
Laboratory (WSL)
The WSL and its surrounding safety zone encompasses eight square miles
in a remote, secure area of the North Range. The facility conducts
survivability and vulnerability testing to provide empirical data on the
vulnerability of aircraft to actual threats. The primary mission is live-fire
T&E of Navy aircraft to prove that the components and/or entire aircraft
is survivable prior to Fleet production. WSL has five fully instrumented
concrete test pads with tie down rails and control rooms. Test activities
conducted include structural response to ballistic impacts, fire-detection
and fire-extinguishing systems, warhead detonations against airframes or
running engines, thermal and structural tests, infrared signature tests,
static and simulated in-flight crew ejections, hostile firing tests, and
aerodynamic studies for flutter, fuzing, aircraft stores separation, and
parachute systems.
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APPENDIX G: SUMMARY OF NEPA DOCUMENTATION
Tables G-1 and G-2 summarize NEPA documentation related to the RDAT&E mission executed
at NAWSCL to update this document.
Table G-1. CATEXs Incorporated in Revision A.
Name Serial Date Summary
CIED Gunline
N&S/Wilson Cyn
Rd/JCIF/GPS
arena/Mesa Bldg
PR241/832 11/16/2012 Establish CIED testing areas
Construction Of Two
Test Pads Near Sea
Site 3
PR241/840 11/26/2012 Construction of two test pads
adjacent to Sea Site 3
B-3 Ground Testing PR241/876 12/6/2012 Construct test lane at B-3 area
Establish Pole Target
Area PR241/887 12/12/2012 Establish pole target in G-Range
Expansion of VABY
Target Area PR241/078 1/25/2013 Expansion of VABY target area
Installation of Laser
Target Board at Land
Site 2
PR241/143 2/21/2013 Installation of laser/optical target
at Land Site 2
Darwin Wash
Expansion PR241/175 3/7/2013
Expansion of operation area;
establish drop zone
Air-Air Gunnery
Range (Mojave B) PR241/439 5/30/2013
Use towed banner as target in Air-
Air testing in Mojave B North
UAS operation at
C-130 site PR241/503 6/27/2013
Construct UAS test strip adjacent
to C-130 site
CIED Coso
Range/Darwin Road PR241/565 7/31/2013
CIED testing conducted on
Darwin Road north of Explosive
Ordnance Detachment (EOD)
facility and a segment of road
south from Darwin West Gate.
Airport Lake/Maverick
Rd Expansion PR241/589 8/7/2013
CIED testing at Maverick Rd;
Correct Airport Lake target
boundaries
CIED GPS Test Site PR241/767 11/1/2013 CIED testing at GPS Test Site
G-2 Gunline Static
Testing site PR241/866 12/18/2013
Establish static testing area in G-2
Range
CIED SNORT to Baker
access PR241/872 12/19/2013
CIED testing from SNORT
muzzle north to Baker Access
Road
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Name Serial Date Summary
Bullpup East target
expansion PR241/164 3/12/2014 Expansion of Bullpup East target
Shrike Expansion PR241/289 4/30/2014 Expansion of Shrike target area
CIED Safeway/Coles
Flat 500000D/1687 5/12/2014
Addition of CIED missions to
existing target areas.
CIED Baker/Brown
Rd 500000D/1973 6/2/2014
Addition of CIED mission to
existing road.
CIED Baker/Brown
Rd PR241/403 6/3/2014
CIED testing on Brown Road in
Baker Range.
Parachute operations
Baker/Charlie/
Airport Lake/George
PR241/475 7/7/2014 Establish parachute operational
areas
Bullpup North/South
target mod PR241/492 7/11/2014
Addition of HE capability to
existing Bullpup target area
ELOY expansion PR241/504 7/17/2014
Target expansion and addition of
guided and unguided munition
use, CIED testing, and UAV
operations
Charlie Airfield
expansion PR241/681 10/17/2014
Expand target area and add test
and target activities
FAE
expansion/reconfig PR241/824 12/18/2014
Expand target area and add test
and target activities
PMT expansion PR241/509 7/25/2014 Expand target area to surround
two existing target sets.
PMT
expansion/reconfig PR241/821 12/18/2014
Expand target area and add test
and target activities
Convoy North
expansion/reconfig PR241/006 1/5/2015
Expand target area from 2 point
targets to a rectangle that
encompasses both targets. Add
test and target activities
Makani (B-4 Area) PR241/054 1/23/2015
Construction and testing of
Makani system
PR241/230 4/25/2016 Change of project scope
East Gunline Target
establishment PR214/348 5/15/2015
Establish target area and
supported activities
Micro UAS PR241/349 5/15/2015
Launch and recovery of micro
UAS at NATO site
PR241/398 6/2/2014 Use of additional roads for testing
5”/54 gun test PR241/249 4/2/2015
Establishment of test area and
construction of support
instrumentation
500000D/2339 6/24/2015 Support of live fire testing
Farmers Field 500000D/4161 11/10/2015 Establish target area in Pilot
Knob Valley
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Name Serial Date Summary
Flash Site
PR241/309 4/27/2015 Construct UXS systems
integration facility.
PR241/034 1/25/2016 Construct operations strip for
UAS activities
PR241/234 4/2/2013 CIED testing (construction of a
trench)
B-4 test site expansion PR241/373 7/5/2016 CIED/test area/unmanned sys
Table G-2. NEPA Documentation Incorporated in Revision B.
Name Serial Date Summary
CE Addendum to G2
Gunline Static Testing
500000D/232 10/30/2018 Added surface to surface testing
Final Cuddeback EA DRGO-6256-
2569
May 2019 Adds Cuddeback Range to NAWS
MFR change in land use WR#D52N2219 10/16/2019 Change land use from inert to HE
at G-6 and Midas West
CE, HABR, and PMTC
Target Expansion
PR242/021 1/24/2019 HABR expanded by 8 acres and
PMTC expanded 17 acres
Joint Training
Exercises to include
Helo landing
SMFR 2018-02 6/18/2018 Ground force movements and
observer helo landings.
CE Mountain Shot Test Ser 52F00MD/
2535
5/10/2017 Allow use of West Airport Lake
access road for testing of remotely
controlled target.
CE Expansion of
X3/Centerline Target
Ser 52F00MD/
2865
4/4/2018 Expand X3 1,000ft to North and
2,000ft to south. Expand Centerline
1,000ft to west and 2,000ft to east.
APL Target boundary
modification
SMFR-2020-01 3/17/2020 Modifies APL target area and
allows instrumentation placement
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APPENDIX H: ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
AGL above ground level
ALAST Airborne Laser Aircraft Scoring Target
ANSI American National Standards Institute
APL Airport Lake
ATV All-Terrain Vehicle
BIP Blow in Place
bldg building
CAGE Contractor and Government Entity
CAS close air support
CD compact disc
CE Categorical Exclusion
CIED Counter-improvised Explosive Device
CLPL China Lake Propulsion Laboratory
CLR China Lake Ranges
COIL Closed-cycle Chemical Oxygen Iodine Laser
CONEX Container Express
CT central terminal
CWIS Close in Weapons System
Cyn canyon
dB decibel
DE Directed Energy
DRGO Data Repository Group Office
DSN Defense Switch Network
EA Environmental Assessment
e.g. example
EIRP Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power
EOD Explosive Ordnance Disposal
EODTEU-1 Explosive Ordnance Disposal Training and Evaluation Unit One
EVR Etcheron Valley Range
EW Electronic Warfare
FAE fuel air explosion
FY fiscal year
ft foot/feet
GHz Gigahertz
GPS Global Positioning System
GTT Ground Troop Training
GW Gigawatt
HE High Explosive
HEL High Energy Laser
HFI Hostile Fire Indication
HPM High-power Microwave
i.e. that is
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IR Infrared
ISR Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
JCAT Joint Combat Assessment Team
JCIF Joint Counter- Improvised Explosive Device Facility
JDAM Joint Direct Attack Munition
kHz kilohertz
KIAS Knots Indicated Air Speed
km kilometer
kV kilovolt
lbs pounds
LEIS Legislative Environmental Impact Statement
LFT&E live fire test and evaluation
LS land site
LTF Launch Test Facility
MFR Memorandum for Record
mHz megahertz
MIL-STD Military Standard
MOM Missile on the Mountain
MSL mean sea level
NAVAIR Naval Air Systems Command
NAWCWD Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division
NAWSCL Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake
NDAA National Defense Authorization Act
NECC Naval Expeditionary Combat Command
NEPA National Environmental Policy Act
NEW Net Explosive Weight
OB/OD Open Burn/Open Detonation
PR problem report
PGM Precision Guided Munitions
PMTC Point Mugu Test Center
PRFE Pulsed Radio Frequency Emitter
R&D Research and Development
RCMP Range Complex Management Plan
RCS radar cross-section
reconfig reconfigure
Rd road
RDAT&E Research, Development, Acquisition, Test and Evaluation
RF radio frequency
RLPG regenerative liquid propellant gun
ROTR Remotely Operated Tracking Radar
RTS Remote Test Site
SAM surface-to-air missile
SNORT Supersonic Naval Ordnance Research Track
SWPL Salt Wells Propulsion Laboratory
TACAN Tactical Air Navigation
T&E Test and Evaluation
TSPI time space position information
UAS Unmanned Aerial System
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
UGS Unmanned Ground System
UxS Unmanned Systems
VBAR Vehicle Barrier Track
VSTOL vertical/short takeoff and landing
WSL Weapons Survivability Laboratory