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must be remembered, however, that the advantages of thisprimitive arrangement, manifest though they are, have not-yet been generally recognised in practice. Until they are,and until cemeteries have come to be laid out and regulatedin other countries besides America, with equal regard forhealth and appearance and disregard for the space appro-priated by them, cremation as a sanitary measure must,on the whole, claim precedence over the older method.
THE COUNTY PALATINE OF LANCASTER.
AN excellent summary report on the County Palatine ofLancaster is given by the county health officer, Mr.
Sergeant. It deals, amongst other things, with the varying’3!tlaries and varying duties required of the local health
officers, and it thus brings to light some glaring instancesof salaries which can only mean that the authorities givingthem either know nothing or care nothing as to the trueinterests of maintaining a high standard of public health.it next deals with the vital statistics for the year, and withthe prevalence of certain specified diseases; and, having re-gard to the need for early isolation of first attacks ofinfectious diseases, the question is raised as to the ex-
pediency of delegating to county authorities the duty ofproviding hospitals for conjoint districts. But a speciallyinteresting part of the report deals with the pollution of therivers within the county, and especially of the Mersey andthe Ribble; indeed, so important a question is here in-volved that the aid of the Local Government Board is likelyshortly to be invoked, with a view of deciding how thegreat difficulties attending the existing state of theserivers can best be met. Trade pollution probably offersthe most pressing obstacles to improvement. But the diffi-culties involved must not be regarded as insuperable, and wecannot altogether abandon the hope that, in the end, it wiltbe found not only practicable but also remunerative formanufacturers to deal otherwise with the chemical andother refuse of their factories than merely to cast them intorivers, by which they are passed on to towns below, and atthe same time turn the streams into open sewers of the worstand most offensive character.
NEALE’S "MEDICAL DIGEST."IT may be well that those of our readers who are in-
terested in this valuable work should be informed that the
publishers have decided to go to press on Jan. 2nd, 1891,which will necessitate on the part of those who wish tosecure a subscription copy of this work of reference the
sending of their names to Dr. Neale’s address at 60,Boundary-road, South Hampstead, N.W.
FOREIGN UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.- BrMM.—Dr. Schweter has been promoted to the rank
of Extraordinary Professor.- BM<-jPg.—Dr. Feuer has been recognised as privat-
docent in Ophthalmology.Claacseabecrg.-Dr. J. Löte has been appointed Extra-
ordinary Professor of General Pathology.Graz.-Dr. Habermann of Prague has been appointed
Extraordinary Professor of Otology.Heidelberg.-Professor Kraepelin of Dorpat has been
offered the Chair of Mental Psychology.
DEATHS OF EMINENT FOREIGN MEDICAL MEN.THE deaths of the following distinguished members of
the medical profession abroad have been announced:-Dr. Carl Weigert, Professor in the Pathological Department of the Senckenberg Institute, from blood poisoning.-Dr. Friederich Salzer, Extraordinary Professor of Surgery
and Primarorzt in the General Hospital, Vienna.-Dr. W.Ettlinger, Physician-Accoucheur to the Russian Imperialfamily, who, amongst other medals and order?, had theCrimean medal.
WE learn that a short course of post-graduate lecturesand demonstrations on the Pathology of Tubercle will begiven at Queen’s College, Birmingham, in January next,by the professor of pathology, Dr. Barling, and the lectureron practical pathology, Dr. Crooke. The lectures will treatof the life history of the tubercle bacillus and the modes ofinfection, and the special lesions found in the respiratory,alimentary, cerebro-spinal, and genito-urinary systems;and in bone, joints, lymphatic glands, and skin. Communi-cations should be addressed to Mr. E. B. Lawley, Queen’sCollege, Birmingham.
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PISA has been heavily visited by an epidemic of typhoidfever. On the 3rd inst. as many as eighty cases were reported.The disease assumes a peculiarly malignant form, runningrapidly into "polmonite infettiva " (infectious pneumonia).The physicians, worn out by their attendance on the
sufferers, have had to be reinforced by twenty-six studentsof the sixth year. The city seems depopulated (spopolata),but there is no panic. The Board of Health has takenactive measures to limit the area of the disease, and alreadya sensible diminution in the number of cases is announced.
THE members of the Leprosy Commission have arrivedat Bombay, and have been welcomed with marked demon-strations of approval and good feeling. The Commission, itwill be remembered, consists of Dr. G. A. Buckmaster,Mr. A. Kanthack, and Dr. Beaven Rake, of the LeperAsylum, Trinidad.
DR. JAMES THORBURN, who for many years so ablyfilled the position of Professor of Materia Medica and
Therapeutics in the Toronto School of Medicine and morerecently filled the Chair of Pharmacology and Therapeuticsin the University of Toronto, has resigned the position,being made Emeritus Professor in the medical faculty.
VICTORIA COLLEGE, Cobourg, a denominational institu-tution, which for some years has exercised universitypowers, has decided, by vote of the Regents and Senate,to confederate with the University of Toronto, transferringits seat to this city, thereby securing to its undergraduatesthe many advantages offered by the provincial university.
As will be seen by an announcement in our advertisingcolumns, Fellows, Members, Licentiates, and Diplomatesof the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland can nowhave their qualifications altered in the Medical Register inaccordance with the.change recently effected in the title ofthe College.
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AMONG the new senators of the kingdom of Italy appearsthe name of Giulio Bizzozero, ordinary professor of generalpathology in the University of Turin, and well known inEuropean schools for his researches on the composition ofthe blood in health and disease.
THE Emperor has conferred the Order of the Red Eagleof the Fourth Class upon Dr. Cornet, assistant to ProfessorKoch, and Dr. Libbertz has received the title of Councillorof Public Health.
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AT the meeting of the Medical Society of London on
Monday next Sir Andrew Clark is to read a paper entitled" Observations on the Convulsive Cough of Puberty."
