Institute of Transport EconomicsRonny Klaeboe rk@toi.no

Kongsvinger September 12-14 2006

Nordic Forum for Geo-statistics 2006Page 1

Neighbourhood sampling framework

Ronny Klæboe

Institute of Transport Economics

Oslo, Norway

Institute of Transport EconomicsRonny Klaeboe rk@toi.no

Kongsvinger September 12-14 2006

Nordic Forum for Geo-statistics 2006Page 2

Environmental impacts often mapped through national surveys of life quality and living conditions

Utilises a sample frame historically constructed for

merkantile/-demographic purposes

Often exposure estimates are lacking or of poor quality

There are usually no inventories of measures or

monitoring of policies in place

Only impacts (annoyance subjective health impacts) are

dealt with – not possible modifying factors etc.

Institute of Transport EconomicsRonny Klaeboe rk@toi.no

Kongsvinger September 12-14 2006

Nordic Forum for Geo-statistics 2006Page 3

The sampling frame is not adapted to map exposures/environmental impacts in city

areas

Environmental exposures are related to

transportation sources – road vehicles, trains

and aircraft that have local impacts

Exposures of area, line and point sources +

propagation etc. often dealt with by acoustic,

vibrational and air pollution experts utilising

non-uniform methods

Institute of Transport EconomicsRonny Klaeboe rk@toi.no

Kongsvinger September 12-14 2006

Nordic Forum for Geo-statistics 2006Page 4

What does this mean ?

A lot of interview resources go into eliciting

answers from people that are not impacted

Gradients where impacts change as a result of

increasing exposure receive inadequate

attention

Exposure is not described with sufficient

precision due to the disperse locations of the

subjects/lack of measurement stations etc.

Institute of Transport EconomicsRonny Klaeboe rk@toi.no

Kongsvinger September 12-14 2006

Nordic Forum for Geo-statistics 2006Page 5

A possible solution:

Utilise neighbourhood impact maps to stratify

the city areas

Choose a sample of these with different

environmental quality

Monitor/measure these to improve exposure

mapping quality

Draw the sample from these locations to obtain

proper focus of the interview resources

Institute of Transport EconomicsRonny Klaeboe rk@toi.no

Kongsvinger September 12-14 2006

Nordic Forum for Geo-statistics 2006Page 6

Example of a noise impact map

Institute of Transport EconomicsRonny Klaeboe rk@toi.no

Kongsvinger September 12-14 2006

Nordic Forum for Geo-statistics 2006Page 7

How can we deal with different impacts such as from noise and air pollution?

Institute of Transport EconomicsRonny Klaeboe rk@toi.no

Kongsvinger September 12-14 2006

Nordic Forum for Geo-statistics 2006Page 8

Institute of Transport EconomicsRonny Klaeboe rk@toi.no

Kongsvinger September 12-14 2006

Nordic Forum for Geo-statistics 2006Page 9

If interview results are to map changes due to central/regional and local measures to

reduce pollution:

It becomes necessary to monitor the

implementation of measures – how else can we

determine whether changes in environmental

impacts are due to the initiatives ?

It becomes necessary to monitor other changes

that might impact the changes of impacts in

order to distinguish between the causal/

modifying factors