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NEOCLASSICIS M ART IN THE NEOCLASSICAL PERIOD

Neoclassism and Romanticisim

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Page 1: Neoclassism and Romanticisim

NEOCLASSICISM

ART IN THE NEOCLASSICAL PERIOD

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• Neoclassicism (sometimes rendered as Neo-Classicism or Neo-classicism) is the name given to quite distinct movements in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture. These movements were in effect at various times between the 18th and 21st centuries. 

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BRIEF HISTORY

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The movement was inspired by the discovery of ancient Italian artifacts at the ruins of Herculaneum and Pompeii. 

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PAINTING

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Characteristics

-Sharp color with Chiaroscuro- Manifests the classical ideals

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Chiaroscuro ("light-dark") in art is characterized by strong contrasts between light and dark, usually bold contrasts affecting a whole composition.

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“The Death of Socrates”

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“The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons” (1789)

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Artists that pioneered the Neoclassicist

painting:

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• Jacques-Louis David (30 August 1748 – 29 December 1825) was a highly influential French painter in the Neoclassical style, considered to be the preeminent painter of the era.

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“ Oath of the Horatii” (1784)

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Benjamin West, RA (October 10, 1738 – March 11, 1820) was an Anglo-American painter of historical scenes around and after the time of the American War of Independence.

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“The Death of General Wolfe”

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• Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres (29 August 1780 – 14 January 1867) was a French Neoclassical painter. Although he considered himself to be a painter of history in the tradition of Nicolas Poussin and Jacques-Louis David, by the end of his life it was Ingres's portraits, both painted and drawn, that were recognized as his greatest legacy.

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“Napoleon I on his Imperial Throne”, 

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Nicolas Poussin (15 June 1594 – 19 November 1665) was a French painter in the classical style. His work predominantly features clarity, logic, and order, and favors line over color.

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"Et in Arcadia ego"("The Arcadian Shepherds")

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The Continence of Scipio 

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Styles of Painting

Introduced

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1. Historicism refers to artistic styles that draw their inspiration from copying historic styles or artisans.

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2. Genre works, also called genre scenes or genre views, are pictorial representations in any of various media that represent scenes or events from everyday life, such as markets, domestic settings, interiors, parties, inn scenes, and street scenes.

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“The Four Seasons”

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ARCHITECTURE

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    Intellectually Neoclassicism was symptomatic of a desire to return to the perceived "purity" of the arts of Rome, to the more vague perception 

("ideal") of Ancient Greek arts

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Influential Architects of the Period

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• Étienne-Louis Boullée (February 12, 1728 – February 4, 1799) was a visionary French neoclassical architect whose work greatly influenced contemporary architects and is still influential today.

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Deuxieme projet pour la Bibliothèque du Roi

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• Claude-Nicolas Ledoux (March 21, 1736 – November 18, 1806) was one of the earliest exponents of French Neoclassical architecture. He used his knowledge of architectural theory to design not only in domestic architecture but town planning; as a consequence of his visionary plan for the Ideal City of Chaux, he became known as a utopian

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Project in the Royal City of Chaux

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• Palladian architecture is a European style of architecturederived from the designs of the Venetian architect Andrea Palladio.

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    A villa with a superimposed portico, from Book IV of Palladio's I Quattro Libri dell'Architettura

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Characteristic

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• it tends to emphasize its planar qualities, rather than sculptural volumes

• projections and recessions and their effects of light and shade are flatter

• sculptural bas-reliefs are flatter and tend to be enframed in friezes, tablets or panels

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“New Theater”

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The Altes Museum ("Old Museum") in Berlin