Nepal Red Cross Society - Flagship 4 - Nepal Risk ...flagship4.nrrc.org.np/sites/default/files/documents/46 Wards of...Nepal Red Cross Society ... The majority of people from these

Nepal Red Cross Society

Disaster Management Department Central Office

Kathmandu, Nepal

Earthquake Preparedness for Safer Communities Programme

Report on

VULNERABILITY & CAPACITY ASSESSMENT In

46 Wards of Kathmandu valley

Bhktapur Municipality

Madhya Thimi Municipality

Kathmandu Metropolitan city

Kirtipur Municipality

Lalitpur Sub Municipality

Ward No. 2 Ward No. 3 Ward No. 2 Ward No. 8 Ward No. 1 Ward No. 5 Ward No. 6 Ward No. 10 Ward No. 9 Ward No. 3 Ward No. 7 Ward No. 8 Ward No. 12 Ward No. 11 Ward No. 6 Ward No. 8 Ward No. 10 Ward No. 15 Ward No. 6 Ward No. 7 Ward No. 9 Ward No. 14 Ward No. 16 Ward No. 8 Ward No. 12 Ward No. 16 Ward No. 18 Ward No. 9 Ward No. 13 Ward No. 21 Ward No. 11 Ward No. 14 Ward No. 23 Ward No. 12 Ward No. 27 Ward No. 13 Ward No. 28 Ward No. 16 Ward No. 29 Ward No. 18 Ward No. 30 Ward No. 20 Ward No. 31 Ward No. 21 Ward No. 34

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Contents:

1. Background Information 3

2. Prevalent Risks and Hazards 3

3. Vulnerability Condition 4

4. Existing Capacities and Coping Mechanisms 5

5. Key Findings 5

6. Recommendations: 7

7. Annex:

• Table 1: Hazard Matrix 8

• Table 2 Historical Profile (Timeline of Disaster) 28

• Table 3: Vulnerability Matrix 31

• Table 4: Capacity Matrix 47

• Table 5: Seasonal Calender 66

• Details of Vulnerability 68

• Table 6: Stakeholder analysis 69 • Table 7: Livelihood matrix 81 • Table 8: Problem and Solution Matrix 83 • Table 9:Disaster Ranking Matrix 94 • Model of Problem Tree 95

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Background Information: Kathmandu Valley is in the Central region and consists of three districts, Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur, which include One Metropolitan, One Sub Metropolitan and three municipalities, namely Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Madhyapur Thimi and Kirtipur respectively. The Vulnerable and capacity Assessment (VCA) was conducted in 46 wards in these cities of Kathmandu valley. In Kathmandu Metropolitan city 14 wards (2,10,12,15,16,18,21,23,27,28,29,30,31 and 34), in Kirtipur Municipality 4 wards (8,9,11 and 16), in Bhktapur Municipality 8 wards (5,7,8,9,12,13, 14 and 16), in Madhya Thimi Municipality 6 wards (3,6,8,10,14 and 16) and in Lalitpur Sub Metropolitan city 13 wards (1,3,6,7,8,9,11,12,13,16,20,21 and 22) were selected to conduct VCA survey in which Earthquake Preparedness for Safer Community Programme (EPC) programme was implemented by Nepal Red Cross Society. The total population of 46 wards covered by EPC programme is 576,172 in which 273,204 (47.4%) are Female and 320,968 (52.5%) are male based on the base line survey conducted by the EPC Programme. In the Bhaktapur District, 8 wards are covered with EPC programme. There are total 58,810 individuals in which 29,833 are female and 28,977 are male. The average Households recorded is 442. Similarly in 14 wards of Kathmandu District, there are 4, 19,431 individuals in which 1, 91,323 are female and 2, 28,108 are male occupying 8494 Households in average. Similarly in 13 wards of Lalitpur district, there are 97,931 individuals with 52,048 female and 45,883 male. The average household is 1588. The average disable persons in these 46 Wards are 14. The average altitude of the Kathmandu valley is 1320 m ranging from 1200 to 2300 m from MSL and found warm temperate climate. In the Kathmandu Valley (46 wards) , which is representative of its valley's climate, the average summer temperature varies from 28–32 °C and the winter temperature goes to minus 2°C. Rainfall is mostly monsoon-based (June- August). The average rainfall in Kathmandu valley calculated is 1400 mm. The majority of people from these Wards are Newar, followed by Chhetri, Bramhan and Dalit, Sarki, Magar as a minority. But now many ethnic groups are migrating from other districts of Nepal and found mixed ethnic groups in Kathmandu valley. Hindu and Buddhist is the main religion with Christian as a minor found in theses Wards of Kathmandu Valley. These Wards have no more rivers and stream but the main source of water is supplied by Government, deep tub well boring, shallow wells and springs. Most of the people are involved in agriculture and Business as the main livelihood, supplemented daily labor, carpenter, Service, and foreign job. The income from agriculture is not sufficient for the whole year due to different disasters. The agricultural land is being converted into a concrete jungle, Even though the Government of Nepal implemented a Land use plan but not strictly applied. The space allocated for the emergency evacuation are also encroaching rapidly. Prevalent Risks and Hazards

Kathmandu valley faces a numerous disasters including Natural as well as manmade. From the response during survey, the major Natural disasters experienced by 46 Wards of Kathmandu valley were earthquake followed by fire and the minor disasters as landslide and storm. The effect of flood is very low. The manmade disasters recorded are epidemic and road accident. Theses disasters may happen in the future if the appropriate risk reduction measures are not planned and implemented. The perception of the community people are based on their previous experience and the expected disaster may happen in the futures.

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The prevalent disaster that responded from the community people from 46 Wards of Kathmandu Valley is Earthquake. The major reasons of the huge destruction in the Kathmandu valley will be geophysical condition, unmanaged construction of houses ignoring the implementation of earthquake measures and communities’ traditional perception about the earthquake. In the 46 Wards, most of the houses are old, weak in construction, constructed with mud mortar and attached with each other. The elder people experienced the earthquake disaster occurred in B.S 1990 and saw the devastating hazards caused many lives and destroyed huge property. It is forecasted that even huge earthquake disaster will happen in future that will destroy 60% of the lives and 80% of the physical property. The second prevalent disaster is fire. Fire is recurring disaster caused by mainly negligence of the people and short circuit of electricity. These fires cause economic losses and environmental degradation throwing dedicates ecosystems out of balance. It is also threatening valuable and endangered flora and fauna, degrading the soil and inducing flood and landslide. Most of the houses are old having CGI sheet and mud tile roofs which are susceptible to fire. Some houses are found thatch roof. These houses are built in a group and continuously attached. Though, the inhabitants were using fire wood and thatch as cooking materials, now most of them changed their habits and are using LPG gas and electricity. Lack of knowledge and skills to operate these equipment’s, fire disaster may happen. Another reason of fire disaster is the old electric wiring and heavy storm in the months of March to May. The third major and frequent, manmade disaster occur in the Kathmandu valley is road accident. The urbanization of the Wards adjacent to the Kathmandu valley is in rapid which demanded the transport facilities. The vehicles are being imported in Kathmandu valley in huge number. Lack of length of road network, unmanaged Traffic operation, and narrow width of road could not accommodate the huge number of vehicles. Even though, the drivers and pedestrian’s attitude do not change. The driver drives fast in any situation and pedestrian cross the road without seeing the approaching vehicles. The fourth major manmade disaster is epidemic as identified from the response of the community people from 46 Wards. The main reason of the epidemic is the supply of turbid water in rainy season and use of water from well, spring and deep tube well. The dysentery and diarrhea is common in the rainy season in these areas. Other epidemic disease is the burning of eye (conjunctivitis) when the climate changes abruptly. Generally in dry season the disease spread in a community. Vulnerability Condition The elements at risk due to Natural and Manmade disaster identified by the community people of 46 Wards are Human, Physical, infrastructures, organizational and attitudinal vulnerability. The physical and infrastructural vulnerability observed in the community are prevalent by the social, Organizational and attitudinal vulnerability factors. Earthquake disaster affects full range of loss from royalty to poor. Earthquake treats every one equally. However, the poor and disadvantage group of the society are the most vulnerable. It is necessary to bring these communities in the groups so that they can collectively involve in the risk reduction. The Wards have physical and organizational capacity to cope the disasters but there coverage area is very less. The main occupation of the community people is agriculture having productive soil but

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they are using traditional method leads to the less production. It is analyzed that the community have many organizations and cooperative but they are working in small area and targeted to a specific group of the community for the specific purpose. They are not using the fund in the Disaster preparedness. To improve the capacity to cope with the disaster and reduce the risk, it is essential to organize the community in a group. The community groups and organizations in disaster management are essential in sustaining the risk reduction process for the community to meet intended aims and targets. The formation and strengthening of community disaster response, organizations or community disaster management volunteer’s team is the key to mobilizing communities for sustainable disaster risk reduction. The community people are aware about some of the early warning system of disaster. Observing abnormal behavior of the animals and twittering loudly of the birds indicates approaching earthquake disaster. During the earthquake, the people shouted for help and rush to the open area. However, the people have many misconceptions in their mind which makes them vulnerable. This is due to the lack of knowledge and education about the disasters. Even the well-educated individual, owner of the building acquires plot of land, organize, manage and supervise house construction in the absence of experienced technical professionals ignoring introduction of earthquake resistance measures. This makes the house vulnerable to the earthquake. This is due to the lack of awareness and knowledge. Therefore, the vulnerable people should be prepared with the knowledge and skills through the trainings and development of their capacity to cope with the disaster and change their perception about the disasters. Existing Capacities and Coping Mechanisms:

The communities have more or less capacities and coping mechanisms against disasters. The primary factor of the capacity of the community people is the human resource. There are some organizations; Government, schools, I/NGOs and CBOs but there impact in the disaster risk reduction is insignificant. The community person mainly depends on the agricultural for their livelihood supplemented by business, service, daily wages etc. for securing their needs for a whole year. They are capable to cope with the disaster in some extent but due to the lack of awareness they are not taking it seriously. They have money enough to change their CGI roof or mud tile roof into RCC roof to cope from the storm disaster, but they don’t give any consideration on it. The community people in these Wards are predominant by their traditional perception which makes the people more vulnerable against the disaster. They are hopefully depends on the external sources to get the help to cope with disaster. Their capacity is only limited to rescue operation. It is observed that when the disaster occurs then the people alert themselves and start volunteering for the rescues rather than involving themselves in preparedness for any kind of disaster. Now the Government has managed to strengthen the capacity of VDC office with some rescue materials which is insufficient for the huge disaster. Some Social organization like Nepal Red Cross Society has established its branch in many Wards and helping to cope the disaster in some extent.

However, the poor and disadvantage community people are very much dependent on external help to cope with the prevailing hazards due to weak economic and livelihood opportunities. They become more vulnerable, due to the imbalance between the existing vulnerability and their capacity.

Key Findings: 1. The community people are not aware of earthquake resisted house due to lack of knowledge.

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2. The houses are constructed in haphazard manner, attached with each other’s and densely populated. The houses are not strong enough, made with mud mortar and having CGI and mud Tile roof. The people are not complaining with building codes. They are not capable to adopt modern or appropriate technology that provide pre- information and warning about the possible natural disasters.

3. The productive agricultural land is being converted in to concrete jungle and open space is encroached which is valuable for the evacuation during disaster. The forest gets deforestation and leads environmental degradation.

4. The community people have misconception about the theory of earthquake and other disasters.

5. In most houses the electric wiring is deteriorated and needs new wiring. 6. The people are changing the cooking materials from fire wood and thatch with LPG gas,

electricity but carelessness handling due to insufficient knowledge. 7. The roads of the community have narrow width, number of vehicles increasing day by day

exceeding the carrying capacity of road. 8. Though there are traffic rules and regulations, the driver drives the vehicles in speed. 9. The community lacks safe drinking water which causes the epidemics and communicable

diseases. 10. Majority of the households are classified by the community as poor. 11. Despite domestic fires being seen as one of the hazard with wider coverage and frequent, no

firefighting training and fire units have been established in the community. The station of the fire brigades are far.

12. The supply of drinking water by the government is rare. The people have to depend upon existing spring, well and deep tubes well boring but these are not systematic and hygienic.

13. The exhibition of IEC materials related with Disaster and health must be included in the planning to reflect the hazards in the community.

14. In majority of the houses in the community have toilets which eliminated the open defecation and make the environment clean.

15. The community DRM plan needs to address small scale disaster-related problems through community mobilization and requires regular simulation; the community should be involved in the planning process and should be aware of the contents of the plan. The poor people and marginalized, disadvantage people are encouraged to participate.

16. Income opportunities options should be analyzed and strengthened accordingly. 17. Evacuation routes and sites must be identified to evacuate people during events of disaster

occurrence. 18. While planning the development of the ward by the ward office, the disaster risk reduction

should be mainstreaming in the development plan. The planner never appraise natural disasters while selecting development projects.

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Recommendations:

• The outcome of this VCA report must be communicated to all stakeholders through the coordination meeting inviting community people and duty bearers. It is also shared to the VDC, DDC and other Governmental agencies including NGOs. CBOs so that the mitigation measures can be corporate in the annual plan of the respective VDC.

• Develop the disaster risk management plan, aiming to mobilize optimum resources of the community and external support from the programme and the government.

• The emergency fund must be established which helps in preparedness of disaster. • There is need of strengthening opportunity for livelihood. From the VCA report it is

observed that after any disaster the community people felt that the livelihood options were terminated. It is necessary to strengthen their livelihood opportunity to recover from disaster. In this regard, Cooperative, bank or insurance company can help the victims.

• The coping mechanism should be included in the disaster Management Plan. It is seen that the Disaster Management Plan is much more focused on structural management rather than people’s participation. The Disaster Management plan must include the community capabilities to deal with the disaster.

• There is need of rising awareness of the community on the impact of disaster. The IEC materials, Trainings, Visual aids can improve the awareness of the households which eliminates the misconception about the disaster.

• There is strictly need of introduction of building codes in the community. The house construction should be allowed to supervise by the Engineer ensuring the introduction of disaster resistant measures.

• After the Disaster, the more vulnerable groups are poor, marginalized and disadvantage. Government should give more preferential attention in terms of assistance to these people.

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Table 1: Hazard Matrix (hazard ranked according to the community perception of risk)

VDC Ward

Hazard Type Warning

sign Speed of

onset Frequency Duration Element at risk

Impact of hazard to the elements at risk

KTM Metro-2

Earthquake Natural

Abnormal behavior of birds and Animals ( Barking of dogs, Birds tweeters loudly

Fast Any Time Less than 1 minute

• People, 805 families • 70% Physical- Water

sources & distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 1/3rd of Land

• 505 Infrastructures- Road, Communication, Health sub post, School, Markets & Shop

• Livelihood

• Death • Injury • Displace • Destruction of

House, infrastructures

Fire Manmade Smoke Fast March ,April-

Depend on situation

• People • Some Physical- Schools,

water supply, electricity obstruction,

• Some Infrastructures- • 1% Livelihood

• 300 Death • 350 Injure • Displace • Burnt Physical

property -Houses, Physical Materials

• Burn Infrastructures

Epidemic Manmade sick Fast June-July-August

Depends upon situation

• People • Physical- Water sources

contaminated,

• Jaundice, Diarrhea and dysentery

• 600 Death, 249 sick • close of schools

KTM Metro-10

Earthquake Natural



• People, • Physical- Water sources

& distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 1/3rd of Land

• Infrastructures- Road, Communication, Health sub post, School, Markets & Shop

• 100% Livelihood

• 8000 Death • 20000 Injury • Displace • Destruction of



Depend on situation

• 18000 People • Some Physical- Schools,



• 5000 Death • Injury • Displace • Burnt Physical



KTM Metro-12

Earthquake Natural





• 60% Infrastructures- Road, Communication, Health sub post, School, Markets & Shop

• 100% Livelihood



9

Fire Manmade smoke Fast March ,April-

Depend on situation


water supply, electricity obstruction,150 Households


• 280 Death • Injure • Displace • Burnt Physical



Storm Natural Dry weather Fast March ,April-May

Depend on situation

• 15 People • Physical-Livestock,

Physical Materials, Water sources, 95 Households

• Infrastructures- Communication, Health, School, Markets & Shop

• Livelihood

• 2 Death/ injury/ -People, Livestock

• Demolish of Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials, Communication, Obstruct road, felling of tree, electric poles

• Fire

Epidemic Manmade sickness Fast June-July-August

Depend on situation

• 300 People • Physical- Water sources

contaminated,



KTM Metro-15

Earthquake Natural


Fast Any Time Less than a minute



• 60% Infrastructures- Road, Communication, Health sub post, School, Markets & Shop

• 100% Livelihood








• 350 Death • 450 Injure • 15% Displace • Burnt Physical



Storm Natural Wind blowing Fast March ,April-May


• People • Physical-Livestock,



• Livelihood

• 600 Death/ 100 burn/ -People

• Livestock • Burnt/ Demolish of

Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials

• Fire



• 300 People • Physical- Water sources, • 30 Household,



KTM Metro-16

Earthquake Natural

Abnormal behavior of birds and Animals ( Barking of




• 30000 Death • 50000 Injury • Displace • Destruction of House,

infrastructures

10

dogs, Birds tweeters loudly


• 100% Livelihood




water supply, electricity obstruction








Physical Materials, Water sources, Houses


• Livelihood


• Burnt/ Demolish of Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials

• Fire



• 10000 People • Physical- Water sources, • Household,


• 100 Death • 1000 Households,

close of schools

KTM Metro-18

Earthquake Natural

Abnormal behavior of birds and Animals ( Barking of dogs, Birds tweeters loudly)

Fast Any Time Repetition in 50 years me

Less than a minute




• 100% Livelihood



•

Fire Manmade smoke Fast Any Time Depends upon situation




• 500 Death • 1000 Injury • Displace • Burnt Physical



Epidemic Manmade Sick Slow June-July-August


• 800 People • 4% Physical- Water

sources,


• 100 Death • close of schools • Itching, watering of

eyes (conjunctivitis) • Blind

Road Accident Manmade Speed Fast Any Time Less than

a minute

• People • Physical- vehicle

damaged • Some Infrastructures

• 5 Death • 60 Injury • Damage of Physical

Materials

KTM Metro-23

Earthquake Natural Abnormal behavior of birds and Animals (

Fast Any Time Repetition in 50 years me

Less than a minute


& distribution pipes- 25% Well, 85% Physical

• 1500 Death • 3800 Injury • Displace • Demolition of

11

Barking of dogs, Birds tweeters loudly)

Materials, Houses, 1/3rd of Land

• Infrastructures- 60% Road, 80% Communication, 50% Health sub post, School, Markets & Shop

• 100% Livelihood


• Fire


• 400 People • Some Physical- Schools • Some Infrastructures • 1% Livelihood

• 280 Death • Injure • 5% Displace • Burnt Physical



Epidemic Manmade sick Slow June-July-August


• People • 55% Physical- Water

sources, 155 Household,


• 21 Death • 244 infected with

diseases • Itching, watering of


KTM Metro-27

Earthquake Natural






• 100% Livelihood

• 2000 Death • 2800 Injury • Including Injured

Displace • Destruction of







• 250 Death • 350 Injure • Including injured

Displace • Burnt Physical




Depend on situation

• 1400 People, • Physical-Livestock,



• Livelihood



• Fire



• 300 People , 75 families • Physical- Water sources,



close of schools

KTM Metro-28

Earthquake Natural Abnormal behavior of birds and



& distribution pipes-

• 6600 Death • 13000 Injury • Including injured

12

Animals ( Barking of dogs, Birds tweeters loudly

Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 2 Ha of Land


• Livelihood

Displace • Demolition of


• Fire

Road Accident Manmade speed Fast Any Time Less than

a minute

• People • some Families • Physical- Schools • Infrastructures 10% Livelihood

• Death • Injury • Damage of Physical

Materials

KTM Metro-29

Earthquake Natural




& distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 580 Ha of Land

• Infrastructures-Road, Communication, 1 Health sub post, School, Markets & Shop

• Livelihood

• 2400 Death • 6000 Injury • 15000 Displace • Demolition of


• Fire

Fire Natural or Manmade smoke Fast March,

April Depends upon situation

• 700 People • Physical- Schools • Infrastructures • Livelihood




Road Accident Manmade speed Fast Any Time


• People • Damage Physical

Materials


Materials

KTM Metro-30

Earthquake Natural




& distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 1084 Ha of Land


• 100% Livelihood



• Fire



• 18000 People • Physical- Schools • Infrastructures • 2% Livelihood




KTM Metro-31

Earthquake Natural Abnormal behavior of birds and



& distribution pipes-

• Death • Injury • Displace

13

Animals ( Barking of dogs, Birds tweeters loudly

Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 1/3rd Land


• 100 % Livelihood

• Demolition of House, infrastructures

• Fire




• Burn/Death • Burnt Physical



KTM Metro-34

Earthquake Natural



• 12000 People • Physical- 20 Livestock,

Water sources & distribution pipes, Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 1/3rd Land


• Livelihood

• Death • Injury • Displace • Demolition of


• Fire



• 100 People • Physical- Schools • Infrastructures



Burn Infrastructures

Road accident Manmade speed Fast Any Time


• 30 People • Damage Physical

Materials

• Death • Injury • Damage of Physical

Materials

KIR MUN-8

Earthquake Natural


Fast March ,April-

Less than 1 minute

• 755 People • Physical- some

Livestock, Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 104 Ha of Land


• Natural Resource, 15% Economic Source

• Livelihood






• Some Infrastructures- Household, Livestock, water source, Natural

• Death • Injure • Displace • Burnt Physical



14

Resources, Economic source

Epidemic Manmade Sick Fast June-July-August



contaminated



KIR MUN-9

Earthquake Natural


Fast March ,April-

Less than 1 minute

• People,1000 families • Physical- 3%

Livestock, Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 3% of Land


• 5% Natural Resource, 15% Economic Source

• 100% Livelihood

• 1200 Death • 200 Injury • 600 Displace • Destruction of



• People, 200 Families • Some Physical- Schools,


• 80% Some Infrastructures- 50 Household, 2 % Livestock, 5% water source, 100% Natural Resources, 95% Economic source,

• 600 Death • 400 Injure • 1000 Displace • Burnt Physical



Road Accident Manmade Speed of

vehicle Fast Any Time Less than a minute

• People • Families • Physical- vehicle



Materials

KIR MUN-11

Earthquake Natural


Fast March ,April-

Within minutes

• People, 350 families • Physical- 15 Livestock,

Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 10% of Land

• Infrastructures- 100% Road, Communication, Health sub post, School, Markets & Shop


• 100% Livelihood

• 500 Death • 1000 Injury • 150 Displace • Destruction of House,

infrastructures

Fire Manmade Smoke Fast Any Time Depend on situation



• Some Infrastructures- 50 Household, 50 % Livestock, 5% water

• Death • Injure • 5% Displace • Burnt Physical



15

source

KIR MUN-16

Earthquake Natural Smoke Fast March ,April-

Within minutes


Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 1/3rd of Land



• 100% Livelihood

• 500 Death • 1000 Injury • 150 Displace • Destruction of House,

infrastructures

Fire Manmade


Fast Any Time Depend on situation



• Some Infrastructures- 50 Household, 50 % Livestock, 5% water source




KIR MUN


Depend on situation







Storm Natural Fast March ,April-May

Depend on situation




• Livelihood

• 2 Death/ 100 injured/ -People, Livestock


• Fire

Epidemic Manmade Fast June-July-August

Depend on situation


contaminated,



KIR MUN-8

Earthquake Natural


Fast March ,April-

Less than 1 minute

• 755 People • 70% Physical- some



• 5% Natural Resource,



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15% Economic Source • 100% Livelihood




• Some Infrastructures- Household, Livestock, water source, Natural Resources, Economic source




Epidemic Manmade Illness with communicable diseases

Fast June-July-August

Depend on situation

• People 50 Family • Physical- Water sources

contaminated,


• Death • sick • close of schools

KIR MUN-9

Earthquake Natural


Fast March ,April-

Less than 1 minute

• People,1000 families • Physical- 3% Livestock,




• 100% Livelihood

• 1200 Death • Injury • Displace • Destruction of





• Some Infrastructures- 50 Household, 2 % Livestock, 5% water source, 100% Natural Resources, 95% Economic source,

• Death • Injure • 1000 Displace • Burnt Physical



Road Accident Manmade Speed of

vehicle Fast Any Time Less than a minute




Materials

KIR MUN-11

Earthquake Natural


Fast March ,April-

Less than a minute

• People, 350 families • 70% Physical- 15





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• 100% Livelihood

KIR MUN-16

Earthquake Natural


Fast March ,April-

Less than a minute

• People, • Physical- 5 Livestock,




• 100% Livelihood



Fire Manmade Smoke Fast Any Time Depends upon situation

• People • 200 Families • Some Physical- Schools,






MTM -3

Earthquake Natural

Movement of land surface Birds twittering loudly

Fast Any time Within minutes


Water sources, Physical Materials, Houses, Land

• Infrastructures-Road, Communication, Health, School, Markets & Shop

• Livelihood



• Fire

Fire Natural or Manmade NA Fast Any time



Water sources • 20% Infrastructures • 10% Livelihood




Epidemic Natural or Manmade NA Slow Any time


• 50% People- • Physical-Livestock,

Water sources • 20% Livelihood


• Death • Itching, watering of


MTN -6

Earthquake Natural


Fast Any Time Within minutes




• Livelihood



• Fire

Fire Natural Naked electric Wire, short circuit

Fast March, April


• People- children • Physical-Livestock,

Water sources • Infrastructures



18

• Livelihood • Burn Infrastructures

Epidemic Natural sick Summer season


• People- children, Old, women

• Physical- Water sources, • Eye • Livelihood




Storm Natural Black cloud Fast March, April





• Livelihood

• Death/ burn/ Displace -People, Livestock


• Fire

Flood Natural Heavy Rainfall Fast Rainy

season Depends upon situation

• People • Physical-House, Land,

Water source & distribution pipes,

• Injury- People, Livestock

• Flooded of land • Erosion of fertile

soil

MTM-8

Fire Manmade Smoke, Fast March, April, May


• Some People • Physical-Livestock,

Water sources • Infrastructures- • Livelihood




Earthquake Natural




Water sources, Physical Materials, 253 Houses, Land


• Livelihood



• Fire

MTM-10

Earthquake Natural Birds twittering loudly , Dog barking

Fast Any Time (interval of 40-50 year)

Within minutes

• 350 People • Physical- Livestock,



• Livelihood



• Fire

Epidemic Natural or Manmade Sick slow

March-April, June, July


• People- children, Old , women,

• Physical-Livestock, Water sources

• Livelihood

• Chicken pox, Diarrhea and dysentery

• Sick • Death

Fire Natural or Manmade

Smell of burning, wind, naked electric wire, Smoke,

Fast March- April


• People- children, old, women


• Infrastructures-communication, Health post, School, Market




19

• Livelihood

Storm Natural Wind blowing Fast March- April





• Livelihood



• Fire

MTM-14

Earthquake Natural Birds twittering loudly , Dog barking

Fast Any Time (interval of 40-50 year)

Within minutes

• 2215 People • Physical- Livestock,



• Livelihood



• Fire

Epidemic Natural or Manmade Sick slow





• Livelihood


• Sick • Death


Smell of burning, wind, naked electric wire, Smoke,

Fast March- April


• People- children, old, women



• Livelihood




Storm Natural Wind blowing Fast March- April





• Livelihood



• Fire

MTM-16

Earthquake Natural Birds twittering loudly


• People- children, Old, Women, pregnant women

• Physical-Livestock, Water sources, Physical Materials, Houses, Land


• Livelihood



• Fire


Smell of burning, Load shedding,

Fast March- April



Water sources • Infrastructures-

communication, Market • Livelihood




20

Epidemic Natural or Manmade Become sick Slow



• People- children, Old • Physical-Livestock, • Livelihood

• Diarrhea and dysentery



Bhaktapur-5

Earthquake Natural





• 20% Infrastructures-Road, Communication, Health, School, Markets & Shop

• 10% Livelihood



• Fire

Fire Natural or Manmade Smoke Fast March,



Water sources • Infrastructures • Livelihood




Epidemic Natural or Manmade Sick March,


• 50% People- children, Old


• 20% Livelihood




Bhaktapur-7

Earthquake Natural






• Livelihood

• Death • Injury • Displace • Demolition of House,

infrastructures • Fire


Naked electric Wire Fast Any Time



Water sources • Livelihood



Storm Natural or Manmade Black cloud, Fast March,





• Livelihood



• Fire

Epidemic Natural or Manmade Sick Slow March,


• People- children, Old • Physical-Livestock,





Bhaktapur-8

Earthquake Natural Movement of land surface Birds




• Death • Injury • Displace • Demolition of House,

21

twittering loudly


• Livelihood

infrastructures • Fire

Epidemic Natural or Manmade Sick Slow March,








Naked Electric Wire

Fast Any Time Depends upon situation




• Livelihood



Storm Natural Black cloud Fast March, April





• Livelihood



Bhaktapur-9

Fire Natural or Manmade Smoke Fast Any Time


• Children • Old Person



Storm Natural Black cloud, Fast March, April


• People • Property • Infrastructures


• Burnt Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials

Epidemic Natural or Manmade Sick Slow Any Time


• People



eyes • Blind

Bhaktapur-12

Earthquake Natural Animals shouting Fast Any Time Within

minutes


• Death/ Injured • Livestock • Physical Materials • Collapse of Road,

Communication, Health Buildings, School buildings, Market

Fire Natural or Manmade Smoke Any Time


• People • Property • Livestock


• Burnt Physical property -Houses, Water supply, Physical Materials

22

Epidemic Manmade Sick Slow Fast

June, July, August, Sept. March, April


• People • livelihood



eyes • Blind

Bhaktapur-13

Earthquake Natural

Birds twittering loudly & Animals shouting


• People • Property

• Death/ Injured • Livestock • Physical Materials • Collapse of Road,

Communication, Health Buildings, School buildings, Markey

Fire Natural or Manmade Smoke Fast Any Time



• Death/ Injured/ Displace -People, Livestock


Epidemic Manmade Sick Slow March, April


• People • livelihood


• Death • Livestock • Physical Materials

Bhaktapur-14

Earthquake Natural





• Physical-Houses, Water supply, Physical Materials

• Collapse of Infrastructures

• Loss of Property

Fire Natural or Man made Smoke Fast March,





Water & Sanitation, Hygiene

Man Made

Turbidity in drinking water source during rainy season

Slow June, July, August


• 2143 People • Diarrhea and dysentery

• Death

Epidemic Man Made Burning of Eye Fast March,


• People • Water sources • Eye

• Itching & Burning of Eyes

• Blind

Bhaktapur-16

Earthquake Natural

Fish came out from pond Dog barking


• 35% People • 50%Property • 20% Infrastructures • 50% Livelihood

• Death/ Injury/ Displace -People, Livestock



23


Fire Natural or Man made Storm Fast March,





Flood Natural and Man Made

Heavy rainfall Fast June, July, August


• People • Land • infrastructures

• Damage of infrastructures

• Loss of life • Loss of Property

LALI Sub MUN 1

Earthquake Natural



• People, 900 families • 60% Physical- 50%

Livestock 80% Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, 20% Physical Materials, 1000 Houses, 1/3rd of Land

• Infrastructures- 60% Road, 80% Communication, 50% Health sub post, 10% School, 70% Markets & Shop

• 50% Livelihood

• 2193 Dead • 4386 Injury • 100% Displace • Destruction of

House, infrastructures, Natural Resources

Road Accident Manmade Vehicle speed Fast Any Time Within

minutes

• 731 People , 10% Family • Physical- vehicle


damaged

• Dead • Injury • Damage of Physical

Materials

Epidemic Manmade Sick Slow June, July, August


• 731 People , • Physical- Water sources

contaminated, • Spreading of

Communicable disease

• Water born Disease- Jaundice, Diarrhea and dysentery

• Dead • Households, close of

schools, Community

LALI Sub MUN 3

Earthquake Natural



• 9884 People, 45% families

• Physical- 50% Livestock 80% Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, 20% Physical Materials, 1068 Houses, 1/3rd of Land


• 50% Livelihood

• 1161 Dead • 2322 Injury • Displace Destruction of



minutes

• 247 People , • Physical- vehicle


damaged


Materials


Depends upon


• Water born Disease- Jaundice, Diarrhea

24

situation contaminated, • Spreading of


and dysentery • Dead • Households, close of

schools, Community

LALI Sub MUN 6

Earthquake Natural



• People, • Physical- 50%



• 50% Livelihood

• 1161 Dead • 2322 Injury • Displace • Destruction of



minutes

• People , • Physical- vehicle


damaged

• 38 Dead • 380 Injury • Damage of Physical

Materials

LALI Sub MUN 7

Earthquake Natural






• 50% Livelihood




minutes



damaged

• 50 Dead • 100 Injury • Damage of Physical

Materials

LALI Sub MUN 8

Earthquake Natural






• 50% Livelihood




minutes




Materials

25

damaged








schools, Community

LALI Sub MUN 9

Earthquake Natural






• 50% Livelihood




minutes

• 72 People • Physical- vehicle


damaged


Materials








schools, Community

LALI Sub MUN 11

Earthquake Natural



• People, • 60% Physical- 50%

Livestock Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, 20% Physical Materials, 524 Houses, 1/3rd of Land


• 50% Livelihood




minutes



damaged


Materials

LALI Sub MUN 12

Earthquake Natural




Livestock 80% Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, 20% Physical Materials,


House, infrastructures,

26

Houses, 1/3rd of Land • Infrastructures- 60%

Road, 80% Communication, 50% Health sub post, 10% School, 70% Markets & Shop

• 50% Livelihood

Natural Resources








schools, Community

LALI S MUN 13

Earthquake Natural




Livestock 80% Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 2 Ha of Land


• 50% Livelihood




minutes



damaged


Materials

LALI Sub MUN 16

Earthquake Natural



• People, • Physical- 80% Water

sources & distribution pipes- Well, 20% Physical Materials, Houses, 2 Ha of Land


• 50% Livelihood



Epidemic Manmade Sick Slow April, May Depends upon situation






schools, Community


minutes



damaged


Materials

LALI Sub MUN 22

Earthquake Natural Birds twittering loudly & Animals



Livestock, 80% Water sources & distribution


27

shouting pipes- Well, 20% Physical Materials, Houses, 2 Ha of Land


• 60% Livelihood


Epidemic Manmade Sick Slow April, May Depends upon situation






schools, Community

Road Accident Manmade Vehicle Speed Fast Any Time




damaged


Materials

28

Table 2: Historical Profile (Timeline of Disaster)

VDC/Ward year Disaster Impact Response

KTM Metro -2

2058 2045 2068 2051 2044/045

Road Accident Earthquake Fire Epidemic

Many persons get ill

Neighbors, Local People, Local Government Agencies, Red Cross

KTM Metro -10

2058 2045 2068 2051 2044/045

Road Accident Earthquake Fire Epidemic

Many persons get ill


KTM Metro -12

2063 2045 206 2068

Road Accident Earthquake ----------------- Fire

3 died 11 Injured 1 injured ------------- 1 injured 2 house demolished


KTM Metro -15

2057 2068 2069

Road Accident Earthquake Fire

8 died 23 Injured 2 injured , 5 Houses demolished 1 died 4 injured


KTM Metro -16

2057 2068

Road Accident Earthquake

16 died 2 injured , 5 Houses demolished


KTM Metro -18 2046/3/5 2052

Fire

40-50 displaced 2 houses burnt 10-20 displaced


29

2067

Earthquake

2 stored burnt Loss of infrastructures NA

KTM Metro -23

2045/3/5 2068 2067 2068 2063

Earthquake Fire Road Accident

2 injured Loss of infrastructures 3 injured 2 Houses burnt 3 dead 15 injured


KTM Metro -27 2067 2068

Fire 1 injured, 1 Animal died 1 House burnt 6 houses burnt


KTM Metro -28

2045/3/5 2068

Earthquake Road Accident

3 dead 5injured 2 Dead 10 injured


KTM Metro -29

2068/3/1 2068 2061

Fire Earthquake Road Accident

5 people Displaced 5 House destroyed 3 dead 2 injured 3 injured


KTM Metro -30 2067 2068 2066

Fire Earthquake Road Accident

1 Family Displaced No casualty recorded 1 person died


KTM Metro -31

1990 2018 2045

Earthquake

NA NA No casualty Recorded


KTM Metro -34 2045/5/5 2068/6/1 2058


No any casualty recorded 35 Death 55 injured


KIR MUN 8 2065 2069

Earthquake Landslide

Crack seen in the house Public Land damaged


KIR MUN 9 Neighbors, Local People, Local Government Agencies, Red Cross

KIR MUN 11 2068 Earthquake 3 Houses demolished Neighbors, Local People, Local Government Agencies, Red Cross

KIR MUN 16 NA Neighbors, Local People, Local Government Agencies, Red Cross

MTM-3 2045 2056

Earthquake Fire

5 House collapsed 4 people injured Burnt physical materials

Community, Police, Red Cross

MTM-6 2068 2068

Earthquake Fire

No casualty 1 House collapsed 3 people injured 1 person Displaced

Community, Government Agency

MTM-8 1990 Earthquake Thunderbolt Earthquake

1 person Death Many Houses collapsed Loss of Physical Materials No loss recorded No loss recorded

Community, Neighbors

MTM-10

2028 2030 2045

Thunderbolt Earthquake Earthquake

No casualty Recorded More than 100 people died Uncounted Injured person Demolished of Houses Birds and Animals died Land destruction Displaced 1-2 person

Neighbor, Government Agencies

30

Every year Fire

No Record

MTM-14 NA NA NA MTM-16 2045 Earthquake Minor crack in House Neighbor, Fire brigade, Government

Agencies

Bhaktapur-5

2068 2058 2061 2068

Earthquake Fire

3-4 House Collapsed Some House, 1-2 House, 1-2 House

Neighbors, District Disaster Management, Government agencies

Bhaktapur-7

2045 2068

Earthquake Earthquake

2 Death 1 Injured 2 Collapsed house 1 Collapsed house

Neighbors, Government agencies, Fire brigade

Bhaktapur-8 2045 Earthquake NA Neighbors, Red Cross, Police, Local CBOs, Trusty

Bhaktapur-9 NA NA

Bhaktapur-12

2018 2045 Earthquake

4 Injured 5 Collapsed house 3 Loss of Livestock 4 Monastery Temple

NA Neighbors, Red Cross, Local CBOs

2015 Epidemic 100-200 Death 4 injured

NA

Bhaktapur-13 2045 Earthquake

6 Injured 6 Houses Collapsed

Neighbors, Red Cross, Local CBOs

2069 Fire NA NA

Bhaktapur-14 2045 Earthquake 4 Injured 5 Houses Collapsed 3 birds death 4 Monastery Temples

Neighbors, Red Cross, Local CBOs

Bhaktapur-16 2045 2068 Earthquake NA Neighbors, Red Cross, Local CBOs

LALI MUNI 1 2045

Earthquake NA


LALI MUNI 3 2045 2058-060


2 Dead, 5 Injured 4 Dead, 10 Injured


LALI MUNI 6 2045 2058-060


NA NA


LALI MUNI 7 2045 2062-066


NA 10 Dead, 20 Injured


LALI MUNI 8 2045 Earthquake NA


LALI MUNI 9 2045 Earthquake NA


LALI MUNI 11

2065 2063 2045

Fire Earthquake

2 Houses Burnt 3 injured


LALI MUNI 12 2064 2045

Fire Earthquake

1 Dead, 1 Injured NA


LALI MUNI 13 2058/ 2060 2045


2 Dead, 5 Injured 4 Dead, 10 Injured


31

LALI MUNI 16 2058/ 2060 2045 Earthquake

4 Dead, 10 Injured 2 Dead, % Injured 10 Dead, 15 Injured


LALI MUNI 22

2065 2068 1990 2045

Fire Earthquake

NA NA NA 10 Dead, 15 Injured


Table 3: Vulnerability Matrix

VDC Ward

Hazard Element at risk Impact of hazard to the elements at risk

Characteristics of elements at risk that contribute to vulnerability

Vulnerability factor

KTM Metro-2

Earthquake

• People, 805 families • Physical- Water sources &

distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 1/3rd of Land


• Livelihood

• Death • Injury • Displace • Destruction of


• Many Houses constructed without earthquake resistant techniques

• Insufficient of Open Space • Use of low quality construction

Materials in building • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Dense House attached with each

other

Physical Attitudinal social

Fire







• Unmanaged old wiring of electric wire

• Carelessness handling of LPG gas and ignition materials and their storage

• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Attached Houses, • Laying Naked Electric wire

Physical Infrastructures Attitudinal

Epidemic


contaminated,


• 600 Death, 249 sick

• close of schools

• No attention on sanitation • Waste dumping near inhabitants • Pig rearing near inhabitants • Evolution of bad smell • Turbid water supply during rainy

season • Having traditional attitude • Lack of knowledge about sanitation

Physical Infrastructures Attitudinal Economic

KTM Metro-10

Earthquake • People, • Physical- Water sources &



House,



Materials in building


32


• 100% Livelihood

infrastructures

• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Dense House attached with each

other

Fire • 18000 People • Some Physical- Schools,



• 5000 Death • Injury • Displace • Burnt Physical





• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Attached Houses, • Laying Naked Electric wire


KTM Metro-12

Earthquake • People, • Physical- Water sources &



• 100% Livelihood





Materials in building • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Old House built having CGI sheet and

mud tile roofing • Narrow Road, • Dense House attached with each

other • Not strong House


Fire • 600 People • Some Physical- Schools,



• 280 Death • Injure • Displace • Burnt Physical





• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Attached Houses, Old Houses with

CGI Roof mud tile and wood, • narrow road By lane • Laying Naked Electric wire


Storm • 15 People • Physical-Livestock, Physical

Materials, Water sources, 95 Households


• Livelihood

• 2 Death/ injury/ -People, Livestock


• Fire

• Destruction of House • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • No preparedness for disaster • Lack of Money


Epidemic • 300 People • Physical- Water sources

contaminated,


• 21 Death, 249 sick close of schools




KTM Metro-15 Earthquake

• People, • Physical- Water sources &



• 100% Livelihood



•



Materials in building • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Old House built having CGI sheet and

mud tile roofing • Narrow Road, • Dense House attached with each



33

Fire




• 350 Death • 450 Injure • 15% Displace • Burnt Physical


Burn Infrastructures




CGI Roof mud tile and wood, • narrow road By lane • Laying Naked Electric wire


Storm

• People • Physical-Livestock, Physical

Materials, Water sources, 95 Households


• Livelihood


• Livestock • Burnt/ Demolish

of Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials

• Fire



Epidemic

• 300 People • Physical- Water sources, • 30 Household,






KTM Metro-16

Earthquake

• People • Physical- Water sources &



• 100% Livelihood




• Lack of Open Space • Use of low quality construction

Materials • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Old House built, Narrow Road, • Dense House attached with each



Fire








• Carelessness handling of LPG gas and ignition materials storage


CGI Roof and wood, narrow road By lane

• Laying Naked Electric wire


Storm


Materials, Water sources, Houses


• Livelihood



• Fire




Epidemic

• 10000 People • Physical- Water sources, • Household,

•



close of schools






• Infrastructures- Road,


House,

• House constructed without earthquake resistant techniques


Materials


34

Communication, Health sub post, School, Markets & Shop

• 100% Livelihood

infrastructures

• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Old House built, Narrow Road, • Dense House attached with each


Fire




• 500 Death • 1000 Injury • Displace • Burnt Physical









Epidemic

• 800 People • 4% Physical- Water sources,


• 100 Death • close of schools • Itching, watering

of eyes (conjunctivitis)

• Blind



Physical Infrastructures Attitudinal social

Road Accident • People • Physical- vehicle damaged • Some Infrastructures

• 5 Death • 60 Injury • Damage of

Physical Materials

• Dense Traffic, • Narrow road width • Negligence in drive


KTM Metro-23

Earthquake


distribution pipes- 25% Well, 85% Physical Materials, Houses, 1/3rd of Land


• 100% Livelihood



• Fire


• Use of low quality construction Materials




Fire

• 400 People • Some Physical- Schools • Some Infrastructures • 1% Livelihood

• 280 Death • Injure • 5% Displace • Burnt Physical



• Unmanaged lining of electric wire • Carelessness of LPG gas and ignition

materials storage • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Attached Houses, Old Houses with

CGI Roof, Narrow road. By lane • Laying Naked Electric wire


Epidemic

• People • 55% Physical- Water sources,

155 Household, •


• 21 Death • 244 infected with

diseases • Itching, watering


• Blind

• No attention on sanitation • Turbid water supply during rainy







• 100% Livelihood

• 2000 Death • 2800 Injury • Including Injured

Displace • Destruction of


•



Materials • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Old House built, Narrow Road, • Dense House attached with each



35

Fire




• 250 Death • 350 Injure • Including injured

Displace • Burnt Physical









Storm

• 1400 People, 40 families • Physical-Livestock, Physical



• Livelihood



• Fire

• No attention on sanitation • Waste dumping near inhabitants • Evolution of bad smell • Turbid water supply during rainy



Epidemic

• 300 People , 75 families • Physical- Water sources, •



close of schools

• Waste dumping near inhabitants • Pig rearing near inhabitants • Evolution of bad smell • Turbid water supply during rainy

season • Having traditional attitude • Problem of uterus disease in women • Lack of knowledge about improving

sanitation


KTM Metro-28

Earthquake


distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 2 Ha of Land


• Livelihood




• Fire




other •


Fire


• Death • Injury • Damage of

Physical Materials



CGI Roof, Narrow road. By lane


Epidemic




• Livelihood




• Fire


season • Having traditional attitude • Lack of knowledge about sanitation • Lack of knowledge to purify drinking

water


KTM Metro-29

Earthquake




• Livelihood

• 2400 Death • 6000 Injury • 15000 Displace • Demolition of


• Fire




other


Fire







36



Road Accident • People • Damage Physical Materials •


Physical Materials

• Dense Traffic • Narrow road width • Negligence drive

Physical Attitudinal Infrastructure

KTM Metro-30

Earthquake

• 18000 People • Physical- Water sources &



• 100% Livelihood



• Fire



• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Old House built, Narrow Road, •


Fire





• Unmanaged lining of electric wire • Carelessness of LPG gas storage • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Attached Houses, Old Houses with



KTM Metro-31

Earthquake


distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 1/3rd Land


• 100 % Livelihood



• Fire


distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 1/3rd Land

• Infrastructures-Road, Communication, 1 Health sub post, School, Markets & Shop 100 % Livelihood



• Fire

Fire

• 3000 People • 100 Families • Physical- Schools • Infrastructures • 10% Livelihood





10% Livelihood




KTM Metro-34

Earthquake




• Livelihood



Fire



• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Lack of Money


Fire

• 100 People • Physical- Schools • Infrastructures •




• Unmanaged lining of electric wire • Carelessness of LPG gas storage • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Lack of Money


Road accident

• 30 People • Damage Physical Materials

• Death • Injury • Damage of

Physical Materials



KIR MUN-8 Earthquake

• 755 People • Physical- some Livestock,

Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 104 Ha of Land

• Infrastructures- 2% Road, 15% Communication, 7% Health sub post, School,



•


• Use of low quality construction Materials in building


other


37

Markets & Shop • 5% Natural Resource, 15%

Economic Source • 100% Livelihood

Fire



• Some Infrastructures- Household, Livestock, water source, Natural Resources, Economic source




• Unmanaged old wiring of electric wire, Laying Naked Electric wire


• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Attached Houses, •


Epidemic


contaminated



• Infected with communicable Diseases


season • Having traditional attitude • Lack of knowledge about sanitation • Lack of knowledge to purify drinking

water


KIR MUN 9

Earthquake

• People,1000 families • Physical- 3% Livestock,




• 100% Livelihood






other •


Fire




• 600 Death • 400 Injure • 1000 Displace • Burnt Physical





• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Attached Houses,


Road Accident • People • Families • Physical- vehicle damaged • Some Infrastructures


Physical Materials



KIR MUN 11

Earthquake





• 100% Livelihood






other


Fire




•






• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Attached Houses,


38

•

KIR MUN 16

Earthquake

• People, 200 families • Physical- 100% Livestock,




• 100% Livelihood






other • Weak and very old House with mud

tile, CGI sheet on roofs,


Fire

• People • 200 Families • Some Physical- Schools,






• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Keeping thatch and firewood in

kitchen • Carelessness of individual

• Short circuit of the electric wire • Lack of Money


MTM-3

Earthquake

• People • Physical-Livestock, Water

sources, Physical Materials, Houses, Land


• Livelihood



• Fire

• Old House and other structures • Knowledge of House constructed

with earthquake resistant techniques

• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Lack of Money


Fire


sources • 20% Infrastructures • 10% Livelihood





kitchen • Carelessness of individual

• Short circuit of the electric wire • Lack of Money


Epidemic


sources • 20% Livelihood


• Death • Itching, watering


• Blind

• Lack of water supply in public Toilet • No attention on sanitation • Open defecation • Turbid water supply during rainy

season • Treatment with sorcerer • Having traditional attitude


MTN -6

Earthquake




• Livelihood



• Fire



• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude- Press the

earth with thumb and shout, God changes her daughter from one shoulder to another

• Movement of land • Lack of Money


Fire

• People- children • Physical-Livestock, Water

sources • Infrastructures • Livelihood




• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Carelessness of individual • Short circuit of the electric wire • Lack of Money •


39

Epidemic

• People- children, Old, women • Physical- Water sources, • Eye • Livelihood




• Blind

• No attention on sanitation • Open defecation • Turbid water supply during rainy

season • Treatment with sorcerer • Having traditional attitude •


Storm




• Livelihood



• Fire



Flood

• People • Physical-House, Land, Water

source & distribution pipes,

• Injury- People, Livestock

• Flooded of land • Erosion of fertile

soil

• Cultivated land flooded, Destruction of crops

• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Heavy Rainfall


MTM-8

Fire

• Some People • Physical-Livestock, Water

sources • Infrastructures- • Livelihood




• Carelessness of the people • Throwing ignite cigarettes on thatch • Improper handling of lPG gas • Naked electric wire • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Lack of money


Earthquake




• Livelihood



• Fire

• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • illiterate people in community • Lack of Money • Lack of open space • Narrow width of Road • Lack of Money


MTM-10

Earthquake

• 350 People • Physical- Livestock, Water

sources, Physical Materials, 350 Houses, Land


• Livelihood



• Fire


without earthquake resistant techniques


earth with thumb and shout, God changes her daughter from one shoulder to another, God gets angry


Physical Attitudinal

Epidemic



• Livelihood


• Sick • Death •

• Turbid water supply • Treatment with sorcerer • Spread of Communicable disease

(Chicken pox, Jaundice) • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Dumping site near inhabitant


Fire

• People- children, old, women • Physical-Livestock, Water

sources • Infrastructures-

communication, Health post, School, Market

• Livelihood




• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Throwing cigarette with ignite • Carelessness of individual • Short circuit of the electric wire • Lack of Money


Storm




• Livelihood



• Fire

• Old House • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • No preparedness for disaster • Lack of Money


MTM-14 Earthquake • 2215 People • Death • Old House and other structures Physical

40

• Physical- Livestock, Water sources, Physical Materials, 434 Houses, Land


• Livelihood

• Injury • Displace • Demolition of


• Fire

• Knowledge of House constructed without earthquake resistant techniques




Attitudinal

Epidemic



• Livelihood


• Sick • Death


(Chicken pox, Jaundice) • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Dumping site near inhabitant


Fire

• People- children, old, women • Physical-Livestock, Water



• Livelihood




• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Throwing cigarette with ignite • Carelessness of individual • Short circuit of the electric wire • Lack of Money


Storm




• Livelihood



• Fire

• Old House • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • No preparedness for disaster


MTM-16

Earthquake

• People- children, Old, Women, pregnant women



• Livelihood



• Fire

• Old dense House and other structures






Fire







• Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Throwing cigarette with ignite • Carelessness of individual • Short circuit of the electric wire • Lack of Money • {improper handling of LPG gas • Load shedding

Physical Social Attitudinal

Epidemic

• People- children, Old • Physical-Livestock, • Livelihood




• Blind


((Conjunctivitis, Jaundice) • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude

Physical Social Attitudinal

Bhaktapur-5

Earthquake




• 10% Livelihood



• Fire



• Narrow road width • Lack of safe open space • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Lack of Money

Physical Infrastructures Social Attitudinal

Fire • People- children • Physical-Livestock, Water

sources


property -Houses,



41

• Infrastructures • Livelihood

Physical Materials Burn Infrastructures

kitchen • Carelessness of individual • Short circuit of the electric wire • Lack of Money

Epidemic

• People- children, Old • Physical-Livestock, Water

sources • 20% Livelihood




• Blind


((Conjunctivitis, Jaundice) • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude


Bhaktapur-7

Earthquake




• Livelihood



• Fire

• Old House • Knowledge of House constructed


• Narrow road width • Lack of safe open space • High people density • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Lack of Money


Fire


sources • Livelihood



• Dense Houses • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Narrow road width • Keeping thatch and firewood in

kitchen • Carelessness of individual • Lack of Money


Strom




• Livelihood



• Fire


Bhaktapur-8

Earthquake




Livelihood



• Fire

• Old House • Knowledge of House constructed

without earthquake resistant techniques

• Narrow road width • Lack of safe open space • High people density • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Lack of Money


Fire


sources Livelihood



of eyes (conjunctivitis) Blind

• Dense House • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude • Narrow road width • Keeping thatch and firewood in

kitchen • Carelessness of individual • Lack of Money


Epidemic




• Livelihood




((Conjunctivitis) • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Having traditional attitude


Storm

• People • Physical- Physical Materials,

Water sources, Houses • Infrastructures-

Communication, Health, School, Markets & Shop

Livelihood





42

Bhaktapur-9

Fire




Livelihood



• Lack of Public awareness • Lack of trainings • No preparedness • Lack of Money

Physical, Infrastructures Attitudinal

Storm



Burnt Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials

• Lack of Public awareness • Lack of trainings • No preparedness of relief Materials • Lack of Money


Epidemic

• People



of eyes Blind

• Lack of Public awareness • Lack of trainings • No preparedness


Bhaktapur-12

Earthquake


• Death/ Injured • Livestock • Physical Materials Collapse of Road,

Communication, Health Buildings, School buildings, Market

• Lack of Public awareness • Lack of trainings • No preparedness of relief Materials • Lack of Money

Physical, Infrastructures

Fire



Burnt Physical property -Houses, Water supply, Physical Materials

• Lack of pond, fire brigade • Lack of Money

Physical

Epidemic

• People Livelihood



of eyes Blind

• Waste, • Lack of Health Expert and Hospital

Physical, infrastructures

Bhaktapur-13

Earthquake


• Death/ Injured • Livestock • Physical Materials Collapse of Road,

Communication, Health Buildings, School buildings, Markey

• Lack of Public awareness • Lack of trainings, • No preparedness of relief Materials • Lack of Money


Fire





Physical

Epidemic • People Livelihood


• Death • Livestock Physical Materials

• Waste, Lack of Health Expert and Hospital

Physical, infrastructures

Bhaktapur-14 Earthquake





Loss of Property

• not presence of organization (INGO/NGO)

• Lack of Public awareness • Lack of trainings, No preparedness of

relief Materials


43

Fire


• Death/ Injured/ Displace -People, Livestock Burnt Physical property -Houses, Water supply, Physical Materials

• not presence of organization (INGO/NGO)


Physical

Water Sanitation & Hygiene

• 2143 People • Diarrhea and dysentery

• Death

• Lack of Public awareness • Lack of trainings, • Turbid water during rainy season • Meal taken without washing hand • Waste dumping on road, public

places, River • No preparedness of relief Materials • No Human resource • Lack of Money


Epidemic

• People • Water sources • Eye

• Itching & Burning of Eyes

• Blind

• Lack of Public awareness on disaster reduction

• Turbid water during rainy season • Meal taken without washing hand • Waste dumping on road, public

places, River • Hiding disease by women • Changing of climate cause

conjunctivitis • Lack of Money

Physical Social physical

Bhaktapur-16

Earthquake

• People • Property • Infrastructures • Livelihood




Loss of Property

• Lack of Public awareness • Lack of trainings, • No preparedness of relief Materials • No Human resource • Lack of Money


Fire




• Lack of Public awareness • Lack of trainings, • No preparedness of relief Materials • No Human resource • Lack of Money


Flood • People Land

• Damage of infrastructures

• Loss of life Loss of Property

• Lack of Public awareness • Lack of trainings, • No preparedness of relief Materials • No Human resource


Epidemic

• People • Property • Infrastructures • Livelihood





• Lack of Public awareness on disaster reduction

• Turbid water during rainy season • Meal taken without washing hand • Waste dumping on road, public

places, River • Hiding disease by women • Changing of climate cause

conjunctivitis • Lack of Money

Physical Social physical

LALI Sub MUN 1

Earthquake

• People, 900 families • Physical- 50% Livestock

80% Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, 20% Physical Materials, 1000 Houses, 1/3rd of Land


• 50% Livelihood







Physical Attitudinal Social

Road Accident • 731 People , 10% Family • Physical- vehicle damaged • Some Infrastructures

• Dead • Injury • Damage of

• Dense Traffic • Narrow road width • Negligence in drive and avoiding


44

damaged Physical Materials traffic rules

Epidemic


contaminated, • Spreading of Communicable

disease


• Dead • Households, close

of schools, Community






LALI Sub MUN 3

Earthquake

• 9884 People, 45% families • Physical- 50% Livestock



• 50% Livelihood

• 1161 Dead • 2322 Injury • Displace Destruction of House, infrastructures, Natural Resources






Road Accident • 247 People , • Physical- vehicle damaged • Some Infrastructures

damaged


Physical Materials


traffic rules


Epidemic



disease









LALI Sub MUN 6

Earthquake

• People, • Physical- 50% Livestock



• 50% Livelihood








Road Accident • People , • Physical- vehicle damaged • Some Infrastructures

damaged

• 38 Dead • 380 Injury • Damage of

Physical Materials


traffic rules


LALI Sub MUN 7

Earthquake




• 50% Livelihood








Road Accident • People , • Physical- vehicle damaged • Some Infrastructures

damaged

• 50 Dead • 100 Injury • Damage of

Physical Materials


traffic rules


LALI Sub MUN 8 Earthquake




House, infrastructures,



other


45


• 50% Livelihood

Natural Resources

• Weak and very old House with mud tile, CGI sheet on roofs,


damaged


Physical Materials


traffic rules


Epidemic



disease




• Waste dumping near inhabitants • Evolution of bad smell • Turbid water supply during rainy

season • Having traditional attitude • Lack of knowledge about sanitation • Uterus problem in most women • Insufficient drinking water supply


LALI Sub MUN 9

Earthquake




• 50% Livelihood








Road Accident • 72 People • Physical- vehicle damaged • Some Infrastructures

damaged


Physical Materials


traffic rules


Epidemic



disease







LALI Sub MUN 11

Earthquake


Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, 20% Physical Materials, 524 Houses, 1/3rd of Land


• 50% Livelihood









damaged


Physical Materials


traffic rules




80% Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, 20% Physical Materials, Houses, 1/3rd of Land


• 50% Livelihood








46

Epidemic



disease







LALI Sub MUN 13

Earthquake


80% Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 2 Ha of Land


• 50% Livelihood






tile, CGI sheet on roofs, •



damaged


Physical Materials


traffic rules


LALI Sub MUN 16

Earthquake




• 50% Livelihood








Epidemic



disease




• Waste dumping near inhabitats • Evolution of bad smell • Turbid water supply during rainy




damaged


Physical Materials

• Dense Traffic • Narrow road width • Negligence in drive


LALI Sub MUN 22

Earthquake

• People, • Physical- 50% Livestock,

80% Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, 20% Physical Materials, Houses, 2 Ha of Land


• 60% Livelihood






tile, CGI sheet on roofs, •


Epidemic



disease




• Waste dumping in Tukuchha River • Evolution of bad smell • Turbid water supply during rainy



Road Accident • 600 People • Physical- vehicle damaged • Some Infrastructures

damaged


Physical Materials

• Dense Traffic • Narrow road width • Negligence in drive


47

Table 4: Capacity Matrix

VDC Ward Hazard Element at risk Coping mechanism Resource used Capacity factor

KTM Metro-2

Earthquake

• People, 805 families • Physical- Water sources



• Livelihood

• Shouting during the earthquake and get help

• Rush to the open space • Observe the abnormal behavior

of birds and animals • Construction of Earthquake

resistant buildings by some people

• Government took ignition in widening the road

• Skilled and unskilled person ,Red Cross, Club, Government Agencies, CBOs, Neighbors, Sufficient Manpower for the rescue and relief operation

• Physical Materials and food can be purchased nearby Market

• People having Knowledge of building equipped with earthquake technology

• Self-earned money • Support from Ward Office, I/ NGO,

club • Many Hospitals, clinic, Health post

Human

Physical

Attitudinal

Fire




• Cutting of dried trees and bush • No use of bio fuel in house • Using insulated wire • Call fire brigade immediately • Alert the community about fire

disaster •

• Sufficient Manpower for the rescue and relief operation


• Immediate take action by Government Agencies, I/NGOs, Local clubs.

• Space available for safe shelter during relief operation

Human

Physical

Attitudinal

Epidemic


contaminated,

• Monitor water sources regularly

• Maintain Proper sanitation • Still Use of local Sesser for the

treatment • Immediately consult with

Doctors

• Toilet in every house • Water supply from NWSA • Capable to purchase drinking water

jar • Deep tube well boring in most

houses • Support from Ward Office, I/ NGO,

club • Treatment in Hospital, Health post ,

private clinic

Human

Physical

Attitudinal


• People, • Physical- Water


• Infrastructures- Road, Communication,







Human

Physical

Organizational

48

Health sub post, School, Markets & Shop

• 100% Livelihood • Government took ignition in

widening the road • People having Knowledge of

building equipped with earthquake technology



Attitudinal

Fire





disaster





Human

Physical

Organizational

Attitudinal

KTM Metro-12

Earthquake




• 100% Livelihood









club

Human

Physical

Organizational

Attitudinal

Fire





disaster





Human

Physical

Organizational

Attitudinal

Storm

• 15 People • Physical-Livestock,



• Livelihood

• Public Awareness • Towards the Preparedness for

disaster • Used Local Materials • Strengthening the roof

• Local Materials are available and used

• Available of manpower and Organizations

• Available Self-earned Money

Human

Physical

Organizational

Attitudinal

Epidemic


contaminated,




Doctors





ivate clinic

Human

Physical

Organizational

Attitudinal





• 100% Livelihood







• People having Knowledge of building equipped with earthquake

Human

Physical

Organizational

Attitudinal

49

technology • Self-earned money • Support from Ward Office, I/ NGO,

club

Fire

• People • Some Physical-

Schools, water supply, electricity obstruction,



disaster •





Human

Physical

Organizational

Attitudinal

Storm




• Livelihood

• Public Awareness • Towards the Preparedness for

disaster • Used Local Materials • Strengthening the roof




Human

Physical

Organizational

Attitudinal

Epidemic

• 300 People • Physical- Water

sources, • 30 Household,




Doctors





private clinic

Human

Physical

Organizational

Attitudinal

KTM Metro-16

Earthquake




• 100% Livelihood









club

Human

Physical

Economy

Organizational

Fire

• 2200 People • Some Physical-

Schools, water supply, electricity obstruction



disaster





Human

Physical

Organizational

Storm




• Livelihood

• Public Awareness • Preparedness for disaster




Human Physical Attitudinal

Epidemic • 10000 People • Physical- Water

sources, • Household,




jar

Human

Physical

50


Doctors • Deep tube well boring in most



private clinic

Organizational

Attitudinal

KTM Metro-18

Earthquake




• 100% Livelihood









club

Human

Physical

Economy

Organizational

Fire


Schools, water supply, electricity obstruction



disaster





Human

Physical

Organizational

Storm

• 800 People • 4% Physical- Water

sources,

• Public Awareness • Local Materials are available and used



Human

Physical

Organizational

Epidemic • People • Physical- vehicle





Doctors





private clinic

Human

Physical

Organizational

Attitudinal

KTM Metro-23

Earthquake • People • Physical- Water

sources & distribution pipes- 25% Well, 85% Physical Materials, Houses, 1/3rd of Land


• 100% Livelihood


• Rush to the open space • Observe the abnormal

behavior of birds and animals • Construction of Earthquake






club

Human

Physical

Infrastructures

Attitudinal

Fire • 400 People • Some Physical- Schools • Some Infrastructures • 1% Livelihood


disaster •




Human

Physical

Organizational

51


Epidemic

• People • 55% Physical- Water

sources, 155 Household,

•

• Give attention to the sanitation • Keep food safe • Monitor water sources

regularly • Proper sanitation

• Purify water before drinking




club

Human Physical Attitudinal structural Social

KTM Metro-27

Earthquake

• People • Physical- Water



• 100% Livelihood


• Rush to the open space • Observe the abnormal

behavior of birds and animals • Construction of Earthquake






club

Human

Physical

Infrastructures

Attitudinal

Fire





disaster





Human

Physical

Organizational

Storm • 1400 People, 40 families

• Physical-Livestock, Physical Materials, Water sources, Houses


• Livelihood




• Available Self-earned Money •

Human

Physical

Organizational

Attitudinal

Epidemic • 300 People , 75 families

• Physical- Water sources,




Doctors





private clinic

Human

Physical

Organizational

Attitudinal



sources & distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 2 Ha of Land


• Livelihood









club

Human

Physical

Infrastructures

Attitudinal

52

Road Accident


• Capable to get treatment from nearby Hospital

• Immediate action by traffic police

• Traffic Police • Local CBOs and Club • Rules & Regulation of Traffic • Widening of Road

Human

Physical

Attitudinal

Infrastructures

KTM Metro-29

Earthquake




• Livelihood









club

Human

Physical

Infrastructures

Fire • 700 People • Physical- Schools • Infrastructures • Livelihood


disaster •





•

Human

Physical

Organizational

Road Accident

• People • Damage Physical

Materials

• Capable to get treatment from Hospital


• Self-earned money • Strict Traffic rules • Insured vehicle

Human Physical Economic

KTM Metro-30

Earthquake




• 100% Livelihood









club

Human Physical Infrastructures Organization Social Economic Attitudinal

Fire



disaster





Human

Physical

Organizational



sources & distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 1/3rd Land

• Infrastructures-Road, Communication, 1 Health sub post, School,







• People having Knowledge of


53

Markets & Shop • 100 % Livelihood



club

Fire

• 3000 People • 100 Families • Physical- Schools • Infrastructures • 10% Livelihood


disaster •





•

Human

Physical

Organizational

KTM Metro-34

Earthquake




• Livelihood










club • Physical Materials and food can be

purchased nearby Market • Immediately Rehabilitate the

sufferer • Can be used local resources


Fire


• Capable to change CGI roof with RCC roof

• Easy access of fire brigade in all location

• Good Management of Communication

• Making awareness in people

• Self-earned money • Wide road • Water in nearby river • Available Fire brigades • Available skilled and unskilled

people

Human Physical Infrastructures Social Economic Attitudinal

Road accident

• 30 People • Damage Physical

Materials

• Capable to get treatment from Hospital


• Self-earned money • Strict Traffic rules

Human Physical Economic

KIR MUN 8

Earthquake

• 755 People • Physical- some




• 100% Livelihood






• People having stored food






Human Physical Organizational Attitudinal

Fire



• Some Infrastructures- Household, Livestock, water source, Natural


disaster •





54

Resources, Economic source


• Local Resource available for temporary shelter

Epidemic


contaminated



• Purify water before drinking

•




club •


KIR MUN 9

Earthquake

• People,1000 families • Physical- 3%




• 100% Livelihood






• People having stored food





club • Many Hospitals, clinic, Health post •


Fire

• People, 200 Families • Some Physical-




disaster





• Local Resource available for temporary shelter


Road Accident





• Traffic Police • Local CBOs and Club • Rules & Regulation of Traffic

• Widening of Road’’

Human

Physical

Attitudinal

Infrastructure

KIR MUN 11

Earthquake

• People, 350 families • Physical- 15




• 100% Livelihood






• People having stored food •







Fire • People, 200 Families • Some Physical-


• Cutting of dried trees and bush • No use of bio fuel in house • Using insulated wire • Call fire brigade immediately




55


• Alert the community about fire disaster

•



KIR MUN 16

Earthquake

• People, 200 families • Physical- 100%

Livestock, Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 1/3rd of Land



• 100% Livelihood












Fire





disaster •






MTM-3

Earthquake




• Livelihood

• Using traditional method to press with thumb on the earth and pray to God

• Identify safe place • Construct house earthquake

resistant • Keep the relief and rescue

materials in public places like library

• Manage touch light, rope, shovel, chisel etc

• Storage of Food

• Sufficient Manpower (Neighbors) • Presence Government Body and

Community Based organizations • Few rescue materials • Little knowledge and skills on

reducing disaster


Fire


Water sources • 20% Infrastructures • 10% Livelihood

• Keep gas cylinder in open space,

• Monitor electricity wire • keep ignition materials like

match box, kerosene at place where children cannot reach

• keep the industry and kiln far from inhabitants,

• Store water • Keep the First aid



reducing disaster • Sufficient water source- well, pond • Transportation

Human Physical Natural Attitudinal Social

Epidemic




regularly • Keeping Foods safely



reducing disaster • Transportation

Human Physical Attitudinal Social

MTM -6

Earthquake • People • Physical-Livestock,



• Livelihood


• Identify safe place • Construct house earthquake

resistant • Storage of Food

• Sufficient Manpower (Neighbors) • Presence Government Body,

I/NGOs and Community Based organizations

• Few rescue materials • Little knowledge and skills on

reducing disaster

Human Physical Attitudinal Social Institution

Fire • People- children • Keep gas cylinder in open • Sufficient Manpower (Neighbors) Human

56


• Infrastructures • Livelihood

space, • keep ignition materials like




• Presence Government Body and I/NGOs, Community Based organizations

• Few rescue materials • Little knowledge and skills on


Physical Attitudinal structural Social

Epidemic • People- children, Old, women

• Physical- Water sources,

• Eye • Livelihood



• Toilet in every house • Water supply from NWSA •


Storm • People • Physical-Livestock,



• Livelihood •


• Sufficient Manpower • Presence Government Body and

CBOs • sufficient ponds, well • Available rescue materials •


Flood • People • Physical-House, Land,

Water source & distribution pipes,

• Placing Gabion boxes to protect • Plantation of Trees • Place RCC Hume Pipe

• Sufficient Manpower- • Presence Government Body and

CBOs • sufficient ponds, well • Available rescue materials


MTM-8

Fire • Some People • Physical-Livestock,

Water sources • Infrastructures- • Livelihood

• Put off fire throwing water from well, pond

• Call fire brigade • Cleaning the surrounding

environment • Keep the ignition materials and

lighter out of reach of children • Keep the roof of house strong • Identify open space


CBOs and Red Cross • sufficient ponds, well • Available rescue materials • Available space for evacuation • Money generated from I/NGOs,

Government agencies •


Earthquake • 1160 People • Physical- 25 Livestock,



• Livelihood


• Keep the relief and rescue materials in public places like library

• Keep the roof of house strong • Storage of Food • Identify open space


CBOs and Red Cross • Available rescue materials • Available space for evacuation • Money generated from I/NGOs,

Government agencies •


MTM-10

Earthquake • 350 People • Physical- Livestock,



• Livelihood

• Gather in open space when are outside the house

• Hide under door frame, under bed, table, under stair

• Make a house in field • Retrofitting of old house. • Manage relief and rescue

materials • construct the house strong • Storage of Food • Identify open space

• Available skilled and unskilled manpower

• Presence of Government agencies and other CBOs

• Available of safe space • Use neighbor houses

Human Organizational Attitudinal Social

Epidemic • People- children, Old , women,


• Livelihood

• Wash hand before and after meal

• Wash hand after using toilet • Storage of food

• Available skilled and unskilled manpower, Health worker


• Available of safe space

•


Fire • People- children, old, women

• Physical-Livestock,

• Keep the ignition materials and lighter out of reach of children

• Stock water


• Presence of Government agencies


57



• Livelihood

and other CBOs • Available of safe space • Available of water stock-pond, well




• Livelihood

• Retrofit of the House • Public Awareness • Preparedness for disaster





MTM-14

Earthquake • 2215 People • Physical- Livestock,



• Livelihood

• Gather in open space when are outside the house

• Hide under door frame, under bed, table, under stair

• Make a house in field • Retrofitting of old house. • Manage relief and rescue

materials • construct the house strong • Storage of Food • Identify open space

• Available skilled and unskilled manpower


• Available of safe space • Use neighbor houses


Epidemic • People- children, Old , women,


• Livelihood

• Wash hand before and after meal

• Wash hand after using toilet • Storage of food




•


Fire • People- children, old, women



• Livelihood

• Keep the ignition materials and lighter out of reach of children

• Stock water



• Available of safe space • Available of water stock-pond, well





• Livelihood

• Retrofit of the House • Public Awareness • Preparedness for disaster



• Available of safe space •


MTM-16

Earthquake • People- children, Old, Women, pregnant women



• Livelihood

• identified safe place • Keeping the relief and rescue


• storage of Food





Fire • People- children • Physical-Livestock,







• Store water • Keep the First aid •




Human Organizational Attitudinal Physical

Epidemic • People- children, Old • Physical-Livestock,

• Using toilets • Wash their hand after use of


Human Organizational Attitudinal

58

• Livelihood Toilet • Wash their hand before and

after meal • Constructed sewage • Waste carried by municipality • Proper sanitation



Physical

Bhaktapur-5

Earthquake




• 10% Livelihood


• Identified safe place • Start Constructing earthquake

resistant house • Keep the relief and rescue


• Manage touch light, rope, shovel, chisel etc

• Storage of Food



reducing disaster

Human Physical Attitudinal structural Physical

Fire


Water sources • Infrastructures • Livelihood









Human Physical Natural Attitudinal Social

Epidemic

• People- children, Old • Physical-Livestock,



regularly • Keeping Foods safely



reducing disaster • Transportation

Human Physical Attitudinal Social

Bhaktapur-7

Earthquake




• Livelihood


• Rush to outside in open • Neighbors helps in search and

rescue operation • Hide under bed or Table • Hide under Door frame • Construct house with

reinforcing the foundation • Keep the relief and rescue


• Sufficient Manpower (Neighbors) • Presence Government Body • Few rescue materials • Little knowledge and skills • Transportation

Human Physical Social Attitudinal

Fire




• keep ignition materials like match box at place where children cannot reach


• Put off fire with wet sacks • Take the help of neighbors

• Sufficient Manpower (Neighbors) • Presence Government Body • Few rescue materials • Little knowledge and skills


Epidemic




• Livelihood

• Give attention to the sanitation • Keep food safe • Wash hands before taking food

• Sufficient Manpower (Neighbors) • Presence Government Body • Few rescue materials • Little knowledge and skills


Bhaktapur-8 Earthquake



• Gather in open space • Preserve foods • Provide knowledge and skills • Construct earthquake resisting


CBOs • Available rescue materials

Human Natural Physical

59


Livelihood

House • Place water tank in safe place

Fire

• People- • Physical-Livestock,

Water sources Livelihood

• Place water tank in safe place • Provide information through

posters and pamphlets • Keep gas cylinder in open

space, • keep match box at place where

children cannot reach • keep the industry and kiln far

from inhabitants, • properly Manage the insulated

Electric wire




Epidemic




• Livelihood •

• Conduct sanitation programme • Use of water purifier tablets • Provide information through

posters and pamphlets




Storm

• People • Physical- Physical



• Livelihood

• Retrofitting of the House • Public Awareness • Preparedness for disaster




Bhaktapur-9

Fire




Livelihood

Keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box at place where children cannot reach keep the industry and kiln far from inhabitants, properly Manage the insulated Electric wire proper management of water stock (Construction of ponds)

Sufficient Manpower Presence Government Body and CBOs safe locations sufficient ponds, well

Human, Natural Resource, Physical and Social

Storm • People • Property • Infrastructures

Retrofitting of the House Public Awareness Preparedness for disaster

Sufficient Manpower Presence Government Body and CBOs safe locations

Human, Physical

Epidemic • People • Water sources

Keep source of water neat & Clean Protect eye

Sufficient Manpower Presence Government Body and Health Volunteers

Human

Bhaktapur-12

Earthquake


Construct earthquake resistant House Stay in ground floor Avoid keeping picture frame on wall near bed, Avoid keeping flower pot on parapet wall,

Sufficient Manpower Presence Government Body and CBOs safe locations Available Economic resources

Human, Physical, Natural, Structural, Economic and Social

Fire



Natural resources- Well, Pond, spring Sufficient Manpower Presence Government Body (Ward Offices) and CBOs safe locations Available Economic resources


Epidemic • People livelihood

Keep source of water neat & Clean

Sufficient Manpower Presence Government Body and Health Volunteers

Human, Physical,

Bhaktapur- Earthquake • People • Property

Construct earthquake resistant House Stay in ground floor

Sufficient Manpower Presence Government Body, Local NGO, INGO, CBOs

Human, Physical, Natural,

60

13 Avoid keeping picture frame on wall near bed, Avoid keeping flower pot on parapet wall,

safe locations Available Economic resources

Structural, Economic and Social

Fire



Natural resources- Well, Pond, spring Sufficient Manpower Presence Government Body, Local NGO, INGO, CBOs safe locations Available Economic resources


Epidemic • People livelihood

Keep source of water neat & Clean

Sufficient Manpower Presence Government Body, Local NGO

Human, Physical,

Bhaktapur-14

Earthquake • People • Property

Available Local man power, government body, CBOs Evacuating to the safe locations Available of Rescue materials

Man power (Government body, Technicians, CBOs, Local manpower, safe locations

Human, Physical, Natural, Structural,

Fire • People • Property • Livestock

Available Local man power, government body, CBOs Evacuating to the safe locations Available of Rescue materials


Physical Natural Resources Structural, and Social

Epidemic 1072 Population Livestock

Evacuating to the safe locations Available of Rescue materials Available Local man power,

Safe Location, Health Volunteers, Rescue materials, Health Post, Toilet in most Houses

Physical, Infrastructure

Water & Sanitation, Hygiene

• 2143 People Local man power use Local material

Sufficient water, Health Post, Toilet in most Houses Sufficient Manpower Presence Government Body, Local NGO

Physical, Infrastructure

Epidemic • People • Water sources • Eye

Evacuating to the safe locations Available of Rescue materials Available Local man power,

Sufficient Manpower Presence Government Body, Local NGO

Human, Physical,

Bhaktapur-16

Earthquake

Population Land House-School, Health Centers, Markets Source of Water Physical Materials

Stay under beam during earthquake Construct earthquake resistant House Street drama for those illiterate people Press the earth with thumb and shout stop Get help by neighbors



Fire population House Schools Source of Water Physical Material

Escape outside from Fire Put off fire Call fire brigade Get help by neighbors


Human, Physical,

Flood Population Land Houses

Street drama for those illiterate people Street drama for those illiterate people Get help by neighbors


Human, Physical,

Epidemic People Livestock

To protect source of water from turbidity Conduct awareness campaign


Human, Physical,


• People, 900 families • Physical- 50%


• Construction of Earthquake resistant buildings by some people


• Immediately Rehabilitate the victims

• Gained income generation


• Space available for evacuation and better available transportation


61


• 50% Livelihood

skills

• Available Relief Kits • Physical Materials and food can be

purchased nearby Market • Some People having Knowledge of




Road Accident

• 731 People , 10% Family

• Physical- vehicle damaged

• Some Infrastructures damaged



• Traffic Police • Local CBOs and Club, Government

Agencies • Rules & Regulation of Traffic • Widening of Road

Epidemic



Communicable disease • Still Use of local sorcerers for

the treatment • Immediately consult with

Doctors





private clinic


LALI Sub MUN 3

Earthquake

• 9884 People, • Physical- 50%



• 50% Livelihood




• Gained income generation skills









Road Accident



damaged





Human Physical Attitudinal Infrastructures

Epidemic





Doctors





private clinic





• Infrastructures- 60%




• Gained income generation




62

Road, 80% Communication, 50% Health sub post, 10% School, 70% Markets & Shop

• 50% Livelihood

skills






Road Accident



damaged





LALI Sub MUN 7

Earthquake




• 50% Livelihood












Human Physical Organizational

Attitudinal

Road Accident



damaged






LALI Sub MUN 8

Earthquake




• 50% Livelihood













Road Accident



damaged






Epidemic




• Still Use of local sorcerers for the treatment

• Immediately consult with Doctors



houses


63

• Support from Ward Office, I/ NGO, club

• Treatment in Hospital, Health post , private clinic

LALI Sub MUN 9

Earthquake




• 50% Livelihood













Road Accident



damaged






Epidemic





Doctors





private clinic


LALI Sub MUN 11

Earthquake


Livestock Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, 20% Physical Materials, 524 Houses, 1/3rd of Land


• 50% Livelihood













Road Accident



damaged • Still Use of local sorcerers for


Doctors





private clinic


LALI Sub Earthquake • People, • Physical- 50%

• Construction of Earthquake resistant buildings by some

• Skilled and unskilled person ,Red Cross, Club, Government Agencies,

Human Physical

64

MUN 12 Livestock 80% Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, 20% Physical Materials, Houses, 1/3rd of Land


• 50% Livelihood

people • Government took ignition in

widening the road • Immediately Rehabilitate the

victims • Gained income generation

skills

CBOs, Neighbors, Sufficient Manpower for the rescue and relief operation

• Space available for evacuation • Physical Materials and food can be





Organizational Attitudinal

Epidemic





Doctors


jar • Deep tube boring, well in most



private clinic


LALI Sub MUN 13

Earthquake


Livestock 80% Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, Physical Materials, Houses, 2 Ha of Land


• 50% Livelihood













Road Accident



damaged






LALI Sub MUN 16

Earthquake




• 50% Livelihood













Epidemic • 110 People , • Physical- Water sources


• Still Use of local Sesser for the treatment



jar

Human Physical Organizational

65

Communicable disease • Deep tube well boring in most houses

• Support from Ward Office, I/ NGO, club

• Treatment in Hospital, Health post , private clinic

Attitudinal

Road Accident



damaged





LALI Sub MUN 22

Earthquake


Livestock, 80% Water sources & distribution pipes- Well, 20% Physical Materials, Houses, 2 Ha of Land


• 60% Livelihood



• Immediately Rehabilitee the victims










Epidemic




• Still Use of local Sesser for the treatment






private clinic


Road Accident



damaged





66

Table 5: Seasonal Calender VDC/ Ward

Earthquake Fire Flood Epidemics

Landslide Storm Thunder bolt

Crops harvestin

g

Festivals

Cropping Time

Busy Time

Leisure Time

KTM Metro-10

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-2-12 3-4-5-6 1-2-3-4-12

3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

KTM Metro-12

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5-6 3-4-5-11-12

3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

KTM Metro-15

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5-6 3-4-5-11-12

3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

KTM Metro-16

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5-6 3-4-5-11-12

3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

KTM Metro-18

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5-6 3-4-5-11-12

3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

KTM Metro-23

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5-6 3-4-5-6

3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

KTM Metro-27

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7

KTM Metro-28

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5-6 3-4-5-6

3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

KTM Metro-29

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-2-12 3-4-5-6 1-2-3-4-12

3-4-5-6 1-12

KTM Metro-30

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

KTM Metro-31

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

KTM Metro-34

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

KIR Mun-8 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 1-2-3-4-12

3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

KIR Mun-9 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 1-2-3-4-12

3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

KIR Mun-11 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-2-12 3-4-5-6 1-2-3-4-12

3-4-5-6 1-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

KIR Mun-16 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-2-12 3-4-5-6 1-2-3-4-12

3-4-5-6 1-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

MTM-3 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-2-12 4-5 1-2-4-9-10-

12

3-4-5 1-2-3-4-5-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-2-3-8-9-

11-12

8-9-10

67




Crops harvestin

g

Festivals

Cropping Time

Busy Time

Leisure Time

MTM-6

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-11-12

1-2-7 1-2-5-6-7-8-10

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-

12

3-5-6-8

6-7-8

MTM-8 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-7 9-10 2-8 1-7 3-7-8 3-8 9-10

MTM-10

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

10-11-12

2-3-10-11

2-8 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-

9-10-11-12

2-3-4-7-8-9

2-3-8 9-10

MTM-14

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

10-11-12

2-3-10-11

2-8 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-

9-10-11-12

2-3-4-7-8-9

2-3-8 9-10

MTM-16

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-

12

3-4 2-3 6-7-8 2-3-4-5 8-9-10

Bhaktapur-5

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-2-11-12

3-4-5 1-2-3-4

3-4-5 1-2-4-5-6-7-8-10-11-

12

1-2-3-7-8-9-10

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-

10-11-12

Bhaktapur-7 1-2-12 2-3-4 1-4-5-6-7-8-9

Bhaktapur-8 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

3-4 4 4 1-5-6-7-12

2-3-7-9-12

3

Bhaktapur-9 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

11-12 3-4 2-8 1-4-5-6-7-8-10-11-12

21-3-4-6-7-8-10-12

3-4-7-8

5-6-10-11

Bhaktapur-12

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-

12

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-

12

2-4-5-6-9-10-11-

12

3-9 2-3-9-10 2-3-7-8

1-2-3-4-5-7-8--10-11-12

Bhaktapur-13 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-2-11-12

3-4-5 2-8 1-4-5-6-7-10

2-3-9-10 5-6-8-9-10-11-12

10-11

Bhaktapur-14

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

11 2-3-4 1-2-11-12

1-8 1-2-3-5-6-7-8-10-11-

12

1-3-7--8 1-2-3-4-7

6

Bhaktapur-16 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 4-5 2-3-4 1-2-11-12

2-3-4-12 1-2--5-6-7--10-

-12

1-2-3-7--8

1-2-3-4-7-8

6

LALI Sub MUNI 1

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

LALI Sub MUNI 3

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

LALI Sub MUNI 6

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

LALI Sub MUNI 7

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-6-12 3-4 3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 1-6-7 3-4-5-6-7

LALI Sub MUNI 8

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-6-12 3-4 3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 1-6-7 3-4-5-6-7

LALI Sub MUNI 11

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

LALI Sub MUNI 12

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

LALI Sub 1-2-3-4-5-6- 1-12 3-4-5-6 1-11- 1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-

68




Crops harvestin

g

Festivals

Cropping Time

Busy Time

Leisure Time

MUNI 13 7-8-9-10-11-12

12 6-7

LALI Sub MUNI 16

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

LALI Sub MUNI 22

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

1-12 3-4-5-6 1-11-12

1-11-12 6-7 3-4-5-6-7

Details of Vulnerability and Capacity factor of all community

Human vulnerability Physical vulnerability Infrastructure vulnerability •Humans are vulnerable to the major disasters

like Earthquake, Fire, Epidemic and Road Accident in Kathmandu Valley causes death, injury and displace.

•Age factors and other social dimensions, Children, Women, elder and disable persons are most vulnerable.

•

• Unmanaged construction of House • House constructed without earthquake resistant

techniques • Some Old and weak houses, weak Foundation, attached

Houses, Dense Houses • Excess extraction of ground water • Unmanaged old electric wiring, high tension line

without Insulation • Turbid water during rainy season • Lack of proper sanitation- Hand washing before meal • Dense Traffic

• Construction of Multistoried buildings • Waste dumping on road, public places,

River • Damage of Communication system,

Health buildings, • Narrow road width restrict entry of fire

brigade, ambulances etc. • Air Pollution, Environment degradation • Poor geo formation of Kathmandu Valley

for huge infrasstructures.

The Human Vulnerability is more if any disaster occurs and needs to reduce to give attention and disaster preparedness.

In community, the physical vulnerability is more needs to reduce the risk.

The geomorphological feature of Kathmandu valley is not stable needs modern technology to develop infrastructures.

Human capacity Physical capacity infrastructural capacity • Self-earned money from livelihood • Sufficient Manpower for the rescue and relief

operation (Community people, students, Teachers, skilled and unskilled manpower, carpenter, CBOs Clubs, Government Agencies)

• Presence of CBO’s , Clubs, Government owned Ward Office, NRCS

• Availability of basic needs and services • Coordination with VDC office and Red Cross SC • Space available for evacuation Available Relief Kits • Physical Materials and food can be purchased nearby

Market • Space available for safe shelter during relief

operation • Available 5 sets of relief materials • Mostly, Toilet in every house • Available Water sources

• Available many Hospitals, clinic, Health posts

• better transportation system, Available Ambulance

• Good communication system

The Human capacity is sufficient to cope the disaster but needs awareness and trainings.

The social capacity seems strong but still needs to be promoted through suitable mechanism-regular coordination, making access to the basic services and facilities.

The Infrastructural capacity is sufficient to cope the disaster in Kathmandu valley except the Earthquake with great rector scale.

Social vulnerability Attitudinal vulnerability Environment vulnerability • Less active social structure and institutions • Government Organizations are not fully

equipped with disaster preparedness • Lack of equal participation of men and

women in any kind of disaster • Presence of few organization in the

community for their specific jobs • No strict implementation of Rules &

Regulations

• Lack of Public awareness and knowledge on disaster reduction

• Traditional attitude and lack of knowledge on change • Lack of knowledge of Earthquake resist houses • Carelessness handling of LPG gas and ignition

materials and their storage • Lack of knowledge & Skill • Negligence in drive and avoiding traffic rules • Lack of implementation of Rules & Regulation of Traffic

• Lack of proper sanitation • Turbid water during rainy season • Open defecation • Changing of climate cause conjunctivitis • Pollution through Brick kiln • Deforestation

69

• Lack of Money in some community. The community needs to make good coordination among all institutions existing in the community and give preference to all equal participation in any emergency and development works within the community from initial phase.

Needs advocate with government authority, investing strategic awareness actions and to enhance their skill and knowledge.

The community is able reduce some Environment vulnerability factors required awareness and community managed rules & regulation.

Social Capacity Attitudinal Capacity Environment Capacity


• Support from Ward Office, I/ NGO, club • Immediate take action and support by

Government Agencies, I/NGOs, Local clubs

• Availability of basic needs and services • Coordination with VDC office and Red Cross • Some People having Knowledge of building equipped

with earthquake technology

Available natural resources- Bamboo, Thatch, Water etc.

The social capacity is strong with in the community but needs coordination to develop self-help capacity.

The attitudinal capacity is however less to address the attitudinal vulnerability

Needs to change the perception of community people about environment..

Table 6: Stakeholder analysis

VDC/Ward No. Name of institution Focal person Activities Coverage Resource available

Support sector

KTM Metro-2

Ward Office Development works Ward

NRCS Chhetrapati Sub Branch Kedar Narayan Manandhar

Social Community

Disaster Management Committee Disaster

Primary Health Post

Nepal Telecommunication

Nepal Electricity Authority

Women’s Forum

Social Empowerment youth –

Voice of Children –

Cooperative Corporations

Youth Club

KTM-10

Ward Office Sulochana Shrestha

NRCS Baneshwor sub Branch Shyam Lal Tandukar

Mahaldev Sthan Chhar Chhimeki Kendra Suman Paodel

Mahila Shrijanashil Kendra Nepal Anita Chapagain

Jyoti shree Mahila Samuha Bishnu Kumari Bhusal

70

Buddhanagar Ama Samuha Mandira Tandukar

Buddhanagar Development Committee Kiran Tandukar

Samudaik Prahari Sewa samity Shyam Aryal

Urban Health Clinic Kamal mainali

Mahila Jagaran Mancha Sunita Gautam

KTM-12

Ward Office Development Ward

NRCS Mahabaudhha Sub Branch Social Ward

Disaster Management Committee Disaster Ward

Primary Health Post Health Ward

KTM-15

Samusayik Sewa Parishad Social Study Ward

Community Learning Center Development Ward

Ward Office Ward

Syombhu Club Ward

Bghagawan Paun Club Ward

Chagal youwa Club Ward

Dhumbakhel Club Ward

Bhuikhel Tole Sudhar Samity Ward

Shantunagar Tole Sudhar Samity Ward

Samudayik Sewa Manch Ward

Pragati New Mispunch Ward

Nihuhity gwas Manch Ward

Shree Krishan Sankirtan Kunj Ward

Sports development Forum Ward

Lakhu Tith Tole Sudhar Samity Ward

Lakhu Tith jirnidhar Samity Ward

Dallu Awas yuwa Samity Ward –

Ama Samuha Ward –

Elder Citizen Society Ward

Pelma Samaj Ward

71

Swatantra Yuwa Club Ward

Neuhiti Gawas Khal Ward

KTM-16

Ward Office Raju Shrestha Ward

NRCS Paknajol Balaju Sub Branch Laba Raj Shretha Ward

Disaster Management Committee Ward

Apollo Hospital Ward

Pahelo tara Yuwa Club Navin Gurung Ward

Balaju Tole Sudhar Samity Min Bahadur Tamang Ward

Kumari Yuwa club Sanu Babu Prajapati Ward

Frendship Yuwa Club Laxman Gamal Ward

Nagarjun Samuha Shyam Krishna Shrestha

Ward

Sudayik Bikash Yuwa Samuha Bishwa Sapkota Ward

Ekata Yuwa Samuha Dhana Bahadur Balami

Ward

Janapriya Mahila samuha Ganga Panthi Ward

Pahilo Tole Upbhokta samuha Bharat Jung Upreti Ward

Bais Dhara Yuwa Club Gautam Prajapati Ward

Thamel Pryatan Parishad Ram Sharan Thapaliya

Ward

NNepal Telecome Balaju Branch Ward

Electric Authority, Balaju Branch Ward

Sahakari Sanstha Ward

KTM-18

Ward Office Subodha Khadka Development Ward

NRCS Syombhu Sub Branch Rajendra Shrestha Social Ward

Disaster Management Committee Subodh Khadka Disaster Ward

Aruvedik Aspatal Health Ward

Star Club Chandra Kumar Maharjan

Sports Ward

Raktakali Club Vidhan Raj Maharjan Sports Ward

Swetkali Club Sinu Kaji Maharjan Sports Ward

Tamasipakha Club Sports Ward

Chhetrapati Pariwar Kalyan Kendra Dr. Shanti Joshi Health Ward

Nepal Bikash Samity Prakash Shahi Development Ward

Community Learning Center Bhagwan Das Tuladhar

Education Ward

72

Nepal bank Economy Ward

Yusian Development Bank Sarad Lal Shrestha Economy Ward

Global Bank Economy Ward

Water Supply Limited Dr. P. Chapagain Water Supply Ward

Nepal Police Post –Security Ward

Electricty Authority Minbhawan Branch –Electricity Ward

Jayakali Saving Prem Economy Ward

Jagat Janani Saving Anup Shrestha Economy Ward

Kilagha Saving Babu raj Maharjan Economy Ward

Exclupe Saving Saroj Raj Ghimire Economy Ward

18 WardTole Sudhar Samity Mahendra Shhi Development Ward

Agya Sakukrithi Padma Ratna Tuladhar

Business Ward

KTM-23

Ward Office Development Ward

NRCS Paknajol Balaju Sub Branch Social Ward

Disaster Management Committee Health Ward

Appolao Hospital Sports Ward

Nepal Telecom, Branch Service Ward

Electricity Audhority Branch Service Ward

KTM-28

Ward Office Anil Tuladhar Development Ward

Krishna Samaj Sewa Club Prayag Raj Shrestha Sports Ward

Janahit Yuwa Samuha Saroj Maharjan Sports Ward

Prabhat Madhyamik Vidhyalaya

Rajeshwor Man Shrestha

Education Ward

Shrre Krishna Prathamic Vidhyalaya

Bishnu Prasad Caulagain

Education Ward

Kanya Mandir High School Mandira Pandit Education Ward

Shuva Ganapati Ganapati Saving and Credit CooperataiveSanstha

Bimal Malla Economy Ward

Baghal Yuwa Club Shyam Singh Maharjan

Sport Ward

Ratna Mandali Bihar Social Ward

Sahid Sukra Club Rajesh Maharjan Sport Ward

Jyapu Luman Punch Social Ward

Shree Gha Club Rajesh Maharjan Social Ward

73

Lokheshwor Saving an Credit cooperative Sansthan Rajesh Man Singh Economy Ward

Gyanmala Bhaja Khal Dharma Maharjan Social Ward

Nepa Laxmi Saving and credit Sahakari Sanstha Hirakaji Dangol Economy Ward

Tengal Kuma Khal Dhan bahadur maharjan

Social Ward

Ganesh Guthi club Shiva Ram Shrestha Sport Ward

Balchhe Tchwa Balake Khal Social Ward

KTM-29 NA Ward

KTM-30 NA Ward

KTM-31 Ward Office Krishna Pd Chapagain

Development Ward

KTM-34

NRCs Kamalpokhari Sub Branch Ramola Rajbhandari Social Ward

Disaster Management Committee Disaster Ward

Model Hospital Health Ward

Police Club Security Ward

Pragya Pratisthan Cultural programme Ward

Tourism Development Board Service Ward

Blood Bank Health Ward

Electricity Authority Departmrnt Service Ward

Russian Cultural Center Ward

Water Supply and Sanitation Corporation Branch Office Service Ward

Miteri Hospital Health Ward

Capital Hospital Health Ward

Kathmandu Metropolitan City , Map Branch service Ward

Agricultural bank Lit. Economy Ward

Banijya Bank Economy Ward

Bishwa bhasha Campus Education Ward

Tri Chandra College Education Ward

Shakar Dev Campus Education Ward

Manbiki Vampus Education Ward

Pdma kanya Campus Education Ward

Kirtipur-8 Kirtipur Municipality Office BAlkrishna maharjan Development Ward

Kirtipur-9 Shree Navajyoti Primary School Shantaram Maharjan Education Ward

74

Pragati Shshu Syahar Kendra Shuva Laxmi Shyakya Child care Ward

Shree Panga Youth Club Anil Maharjan Sports Ward

Yuwa Forum Nishan Maharjan Sports Ward

Dhwakhashi Kiyaguthi Indra Man Maharjan Social Ward

Hishi Misha Punch Gyani Maharjan Social Ward

9 Ward Disaster Management Committee Anil Maharjan Disaster Ward

Boys Sports Club Durka Man Maharjan Sports Ward

Panga Bahuudesya Sahakari Sanstha Shankar Dangol Economy Ward

Janhit Krishi Sahakari Sanstha Agriculture Ward

Jwojalapa Misa Punch Menuka Mharjan Social Ward

Jhingu Tiwa Saving and Credit Sahakari Sanstha

Shree Krishna Maharjan

Economy Ward

Sankhapur Bhauudesya Sahakari Sanstha Lit. Nareshwor Maharjan Economy Ward

Sahid Path Vicha Guthi Karma Lal Maharjan Social Ward

Panga Higher School Ramesh man Maharjan

Education Ward

Jaya Santoshi Ma punch Laxmi Maharjan Social Ward

Pragatishil Club Amrit Maharjan Social Ward

Pahu Bicha Guthi Social Ward

Pukar Nepal Bhupendra Khanal Social Ward

Panga Saving & credit Sahakari Sanstha Menuka Maharjan Economy Ward

Dhokashi Dhime Khal Guru Santa Man maharjan

Social Ward

Sahid Path DhimE kHAL Rajesh maharjan Social Ward

Pahu Dapha Khal Social Ward

Kirtipur Mun-11 NA

Kirtipur Mun-16

Muni-ward No. 16 Office Vijaya Lochan Maharjan

Development Ward

Bl Kumari Misha Punch Samita maharjan Social Ward

Narga Misha Punch Bijaya Laxmi Maharjan

Social Ward

Luja Sahakari Santha Lit. Manjuli Maharjan Social Ward

Technical & Skill Development Centre for Blind & Disable

Sashikala Singh Education Ward

Balkumari De guthi Social Ward

Narga Sana Guthi Social Ward

75

Bhaktapur ward No. 5 Bhktapur Ward No. 7

Khwopa higher school Prakash Kumar Shrestha Education

Khawop College Rupak Joshi Education

Yachhe Primary College Shyam Pd, Dhawadyol Education

The Rising English School Kapil Banepali Education

Golden Gate Eglish School Anju Chipalu Education

Pravat Ma.V. Bishnu Bhakta Rajchal Education

Pravat Higher School Bimala Rajchal Education

Sirinken English School Education

Newa Ghuthi Yogi Syoso Social

Ghipasa safkrithi Blram Napit Social

Yugtara Team Club Keshava Satata Sports

Ward Office Jit Bahadur Khaiju Développent

Cooperatives Economy

Labour Madan Khatabba Physical

Jaya mahakali Mata Mahakaly Religions

Nawa devi

Khapwa Sakosh Balaram Gosain Social Ward

Jaya Bhimsen sakosh Social Ward

Bikash Sakosh Dil bahadur Tyal Social Ward

Shalaha Sakosh Social Ward

Sarmadarshi Sakosh Ram Krishna Prajapati

Social Ward

Sukunda sakosBir Bhandesworh Social Ward

Bhaktapur Ward No. 8 NA

Bhaktapur Ward No. 9

Chochhe Chhuma Ganesh Saving & credit Cooperatives corporations Ltd.

Rajendra dahal Economy

Nawa Badhu Saving & credit Cooperatives corporations Ltd.

Narendra Pd Sahi Economy

Shree Chhuma Ganesh Saving & credit Cooperatives corporations Ltd.

Siddhi Ram Awal Economy

Las Kush Saving & credit Cooperatives corporations Ltd.

Rajesh Disti Economy

Nawa jyoti Club Rajesh Disti Sports

Bauddhik Bikash Mandal Pustakalya Krishna Gopal Disti Education

76

Balbodh Santi N.M.V Durya Bahadur Feju Education

Bhaktapur Ward No. 12

Santi Niketan M.V Mahendra Gopal Karmacharya Education Ward

Bright Star English School Rajendra Shrestha Education Ward

Dimo S. English School Binod Lama Education Ward

Minarwa English School Rajendra Duwal Education Ward

Youth redek Circle Raja Ram naga Sports Ward

Bhaktapur Youth Information Foru Pravin Sujukhu Sports Ward

Integrated Haque Society Ram Bahadur Prajapati Service Ward

Ward Office Indra Prasda Machasis Development Ward

Bhaktapur-Ward No. 13

Bal mandir School Narendra Huju education Ward

Shree Pdhma High School Ram Hada education Ward

Nityanath Sakosh Shiva Kumar Tyan Social Ward

Taleju Sakosh Ram Hari Gora Social Ward

Bhashasewai Master Jagat Sunder Sakosh Krishana Hari Sainju Social Ward

Samuhik Sakosh Madhava Dhoju Social Ward

Puja sakosh Prakash Joshi Social Ward

Majas krishi Sakosh Social Ward

Nepali Krantikari Bidhyarthi Sangh Jagat Ram Education Ward

Asahaya Sikchha Sewa Kendra Ram Pd panthi Education Ward

Abhibhawak Sustamansthiti sangh Laxmi Narayn Silpkar Education Ward

Community Health centre Nuhunchhe tyan Health Ward

Nepal Scout Ram Gopal armacharya

Sports Ward

Nepal Bar Association Hari rawal Advocacy Ward

Nepal Tuberculosis Alleviation Corporation Mahendra Kayastha Religious Ward

Ghatkha Bhajan Tuklshi Bhakta Tyan Religious Ward

Bhadrakali bhajan Religious Ward

Bhaktapur Ward No 16

Yakit Ajima Saving & credit Cooperatives Ram Gopal Chaguthi Economy Ward

Sajhedari Saving & credit Cooperatives

Chandra Bhakta Bhuju Economy Ward

Tekhapukha Society Pursottam Silpakar Social Ward

Himchuli Yuwa Club Ram Gopal Chaguthi Sports Ward

Yakit Ajima Tole Sudhar Samity Kanchha Development Ward

77

Degmana Balak Team Raju Wise Children activity Ward

Nawa Jagruk yuwa Team Ram Chandra Jakibanjar Development Ward

Barahi Sudhar Samity Ananta Dhaubdel Development Ward

Chaguthi Harsa Bahadur Chaguthi Social Ward

Thimi Guthi Tulshi Bhakta Thimi Social Ward

Manandhar Yuwa punch Narayan Sunder Manadha

Social Ward

Bansa Gopal Bhajan Suraj Pradhanga Religious Ward

MadhyaTimi Mun.-3

Nil Barahi Community Forest Nil Bahadur Khadka Forest Development Ward

Tigani Cooperation Committee Sanu Kaji Rajbahak Economy Ward

Shree Nil Barahi P.V. Surya Man Shrestha Education Ward

Nil Barahi farmer group Sharmila Rajbahak Agriculture Ward

Tigani tole Sushar Samity Umesh Rajbahak Development Ward

Tigani Farmer Group Kaji Lal Basu Agriculture Ward

Tigani Pani Pokhari Development Ward

Nil Barahi Guthi Buddhi Kumar Social Ward

Thopa Bhchat Laxmi Bhakta Shrestha

Ecomnomy Ward

Kopila Bal Club Meena rajbahak Sports Ward

Madhyapur Karate Sangh Kaluram Theki Sports Ward

Nagarik Sachetana Kendra Tika Devi Bhusal Social Ward

Bode Spot club Sports Ward

Nirpur ganesh Saving & Credit Cooperatives Economy Ward

Megha Saving & Credit Coopertaives Ganesh Ram Kashula Economy Ward

Nikosera Yuwa club Raju Kaiti Sports Ward

Unnati Bal Club Indreshwari Dhaubanjare

Sports Ward

Yuwa Krishak Samuha Ram Pyari Dhaubanjar

Farmer Ward

Nilkamal Mahila Samuha Shova Nepali Women empowerment Ward

Yuwa Bachat Samuha Ishwari Bhakta Dhubanjare

Economy Ward

MadhyaTimi Mun.-6

Jaya Shree Ganesh Saving & Credit Cooperatives

Kanchha Dhawa Bode Economy Ward

Shree Siddhi Ganesh yuwa Bachanalya Ravin Bode Ward

Shree Siddhi Ganesh Misa puch

Chanda Keshari Sinkman Ward

78

Shree Siddhi Ganesh Mahila samuha

Krishna Devi Dhawa Bode Ward

Prgya Saving & Credit Cooperatives Dil Krishna abode Economy Ward

Samuhik Sewa Kendra Bishnu maya Sayan Ward

Lord Buddha English School Buddha Ratna Bode Education Ward

Nagdesh Buddha Bihar Krishna Kumar Prajapati Ward

Yoksa Tirtha Bahadur Baidhha Ward

Boudha Lyamha Punch Vikesh Prajapati Ward

Madhya Thimi Mun.-8

Ama Samuha Umesh Shrestha Women empowerment Ward

Santi Yuwa Club Purna Jyoti Sakya Social Ward

Yuwa Milan Kendra Nanda Krishna Shrestha social Ward

8 No. Ward Office Krishna Kaji Prajapati Development Ward

Shuva Laxmi Saving & Credit Coopertaives

Chandra Krishna Prajapati Economy Ward

Bishwa Binayak Saving & Credit Coopertaives Bal Mukunda Economy Ward

Chapocho Community Development Corporation Ramesh Duwadi development Ward

Madhya Thimi Mun.-10 Shree Siddhikali School Tara Devi Rai Education Ward

Hukum Fermasetucal P. Ltd Medicine Ward

Trishana Saving & Credit Coopertaives Economy Ward

Madhya Thimi Mun.-14

Siddhikali Yuwa Club Shyam Bhakta Shrestha Sports Ward

Yuwa Red Cross Circle Ranjan Prajapati Social Ward

Nasnani basuri Khala Krishna B. Prajapati Ward

Shree Siddhikali M. Khal. Panca maya Prajapati Education Ward

Lyamha Punch Dharma Sundar Bajracharya Ward

Thimi Swabalamban B.S. Chandra Krishna Prajapati Ward

Chamunda Saving & Credit Coopertaives

Kanchha Kaji Prajapati Economy Ward

Shree Siddhikali Saving & Credit Coopertaives Ratna Kaji Prajapati Economy Ward

Madhya Thimi Mun.-16

Yuwa Red Cross Jeevan Shrestha Development Ward

M-14 Club Ashok Bajracharya Sports Ward

Madhyapur 14 Club Ravindra Shrestha Sports Ward

Dip jyoti club Sunil Kumar Sports Ward

Pragati Bachnalaya Kabindra Shrestha Development Ward

79

Shree Guru Ganesh Dime Kha KAbindra Shrestha Culture Ward

Bal Kumari Dhime Khal Sunil Shrestha Culture Ward

Bishnu Bir Dhime Khal Rajendra Shrestha Culture Ward

Best Group Nepal Madhava Shrestha Culture Ward

Tachhu Tole Bhajan Mandal Bal Krishna Pila Religious Ward

Radha Krishna Bhajan Mandal Hari Maya Kayastha Religious Ward

Bal Kumari Bhajan mandal Bal Krishna Religious Ward

World Vision Pradeep Shrestha Development Ward

Bal Kumari Samrachhan tatha Sudhar Manch Nanda Krishna development Ward

Shankhadhar Chauk guru yojana Users Committee Kumar Shrestha Development Ward

Nagarik Manch Balkumari Purna Keshari Mancha Social Ward

Suva Shree Saving & Credit Cooperative

Kashi Bhakta shrestha Economy Ward

T.B Hospital Dr. Kashi Kanta Jha Health Ward

Kanchan Jungha Saving & Credit Cooperative Uddhav Siwakoti Economy Ward

Sarathi Saving & Credit Cooperative Umesh Khadka Economy Ward

Lokanthali Saving & Credit Cooperative Sanu Kaji Heka Economy Ward

Management Saving & Credit Cooperative Tilima Parajuli Economy Ward

Dachhinkali Saving & Credit Cooperative Radha Humagain Economy Ward

Dibyashwari Saving & Credit Cooperative Hari Lal Kuthu Economy Ward

Jana Kalyan Saving & Credit Cooperative Saraswati basnet Economy Ward

Jaljala Saving & Credit Cooperative Kalpana Chungul Economy Ward

Jana premi Saving & Credit Cooperative Shiva Karki Economy Ward

Kalpa Brikchha Saving & Credit Cooperative Ram B Khadka Economy Ward

Ujyalo Saving & Credit Cooperative Rameshwor Bhuj Economy Ward

Agrani Saving & Credit Cooperative Pavitra Pokharel Economy Ward

Lokantha,I Saving & Credit Cooperative

Rabindra Nath Khadka Economy Ward

Dibyashwari nagarik Samaj Durga Ghimire Social Ward

Araniko Yatayat Sewa samity Jeet Bahadur Bharati service Ward

Miteri Hospital Birendra kumar Shrestha Health Ward

Arjan cooperative Economy Ward

Kamal Khadka Samrity Pratisthan Bhai Krishna Khadka Ward

80

Kamal yuwa Club Sports Ward

Sub Health Post Anju Basnet Health Ward

LALI S MUNI Ward No. 1

NA


NA


NA


Shree Gyan Kunj mandir secondary School Hera Bahadur Sakya Education Ward

Amrit Barna mahila Samuha Sannani Women Empowerment Ward

Yechhu Maya Bachat Samuha Sumit Sakya Economy Ward

Amrit Barna Bachat Samuha Madan Sakya Economy Ward

Tole Sudhar Samity Rabin Maharjan Development Ward


Ward Office BasuDev Bista Development Ward

CBMMHRR 8 Sanukaji Maharjan Disaster Ward

Matru Shisu Swasthya Kendra Ramita Maharjan Health Ward

Guit Ma Puch Nani Maharjan Women Empowerment Ward

LALI S MUNI Ward No. 9 NA


NA


NA


NA


NA


NA


NA


NA

81

Table 7: Livelihood matrix VDC/Ward Livelihood

activities Available resources for livelihood

Hazards that threaten the resources Way of strengthening livelihood

KTM Metro -2

Daily Wages Epidemic Land, House and settlement destroy, No work, no education

Business Lack of skilled manpower, Obstruction of access Road, No transportation, No business

Foreign job Low income, Jobless, no security, starvation

KTM Metro -10

Service Earthquake, Fire Damage Industries, Burn Equipment & Machines, No work

Daily Wages Epidemic Land, House an settlement destroy, No work Business Lack of skilled manpower, Obstruction of access Road,

No transportation, No business

Foreign job Low income, Jobless, no security

KTM Metro -12





KTM Metro -15





KTM Metro -16





KTM Metro -18

Agriculture Flood Field silted, waterlogged, Crop Damaged Livestock Epidemic Sick, death of Cattles Business Lack of skilled manpower, Obstruction of access, No

transportation


KTM Metro -23


transportation

Foreign job Low income, Jobless, no security KTM Metro -

27


82

transportation Foreign job Low income, Jobless, no security

KTM Metro -28


transportation


KTM Metro -29


transportation


KTM Metro -30

Daily wage labour Earthquake No work during disaster Business Lack of skilled manpower, Obstruction of access, No

transportation

Service Office, Industries demolish, Access obstructed Foreign job Low income, Jobless, no security

KTM Metro -31

Daily wage labour No work during disaster Business Lack of skilled manpower, Obstruction of access, No

transportation

Service Office, Industries demolish, Access obstructed Foreign job Low income, Jobless, no security

KTM Metro -34

Daily wage labour No work during disaster Business Lack of skilled manpower, Obstruction of access, No

transportation

Foreign job Low income, Jobless

KIR MUN-8

Daily Wages Epidemic Land, House and settlement destroy, No work, no education Business Lack of skilled manpower, Obstruction of access Road, No

transportation, No business


KIR MUN-9

Agriculture Lack of fertilizer, Lack of irrigation, No Production, starvation Daily Wages Epidemic Land, House and settlement destroy, No work, no education Business Lack of skilled manpower, Obstruction of access Road, No



KIR MUN-11




KIR MUN-16




MTM-3

Agriculture Land Monkey attack, Hail Storm, Low rainfall Labour Manpower Sick Daily wage labour Could not get continuous job Carpenter Accident, Load shedding Others Tourism sector NA Strike, No Visitor

MTM-6

Agriculture Land Hail Storm, Vegetable Farming Labour Manpower Fire; Office, House Daily wage Labour Could not get continuous job during rainy day Carpenter Earthquake, Fire- Obstruction in doing work Others Tourism sector Strike, No Visitor Business Fire Earthquake, Loss In business, Service Earthquake, Office, House demolished Foreign job Earthquake, Helpless of Family members

MTM-8

Agriculture Hailstorm, Low production Labour Earthquake, Fire- Obstruction in doing work Daily wage Labour Earthquake, Fire- Obstruction in doing work Carpenter Earthquake, Fire- Obstruction in doing work Others Tourism sector Strike, No Visitor Business Earthquake, No access of Road Service Earthquake, Fire- Demolish of Office, Road, House Foreign job Earthquake, Helpless of Family members

83

MTM-10

Agriculture Hailstorm, Low production Labour Earthquake, Fire- Obstruction in doing work Daily wage Labour Earthquake, Fire- Obstruction in doing work Carpenter Earthquake, Fire- Obstruction in doing work Others Pottery Rainfall, Storm, Fire Business Earthquake, Storm, Fire- Demolish of Office, Road, House Service Earthquake, Fire- Demolish of Office, Road, House Foreign job Earthquake, Helpless of Family members

MTM-14

Agriculture Hailstorm, Low production Labour Earthquake, Fire- Obstruction in doing work Daily wage Labour Earthquake, Fire- Obstruction in doing work Carpenter Earthquake, Fire- Obstruction in doing work Others Pottery Rainfall, Storm, Fire Business Earthquake, Storm, Fire- Demolish of Office, Road, House Service Earthquake, Fire- Demolish of Office, Road, House Foreign job Earthquake, Helpless of Family members

MTM-16

Agriculture Flood, Destruction of crops Labour Earthquake, Fire- Obstruction in doing work Daily wage Labour Could not get continuous job Carpenter Accident Others Tourism sector Strike, No visitors Business Loss In business Service Temporary job Foreign job Cheating from Broker

Bhaktapur-5

Agriculture Storm, affected with Insect Labour Strom, Daily wage Labour Could not get continuous job Carpenter Accident Others Tourism sector Strike, No visitors Business Loss In business Service Temporary job Foreign job Cheating from Broker

Bhaktapur-7

Agriculture Disease, affected with Insect Labour Earthquake, Daily wage Labour Problem of daily food Carpenter Fire, burning of Equipment Others Tourism sector Strike, No visitors Business Loss In business Service Earthquake, Fire- Demolish of Office, Road, House Foreign job Cheating from Broker

Bhaktapur-8

Agriculture Disease, affected with Insect, Drought Labour Strike, Problem of livelihood Daily wage Labour Accident, Problem of livelihood Carpenter Strike, No transportation of wood Others Tourism sector Strike, No visitors Business Strike Service Temporary job Foreign job Earthquake, Helpless of Family members

Bhaktapur-9

Agriculture Earthquake, Drought causes low production Labour Fire, Obstruction of Access of Road Daily wage Labour Unable to go for work due to fire Carpenter Unable to do work Others Tourism sector Strike, No visitors Business Earthquake, No business due to house collapse Service Strike, Obstruction in administrative work Foreign job Earthquake, Helpless of Family members

Bhaktapur-12

Agriculture Plant disease Labour Earthquake Daily wage Labour Earthquake Carpenter Earthquake Others Tourism sector Earthquake Business Earthquake Service Earthquake Foreign job Earthquake

84

Bhaktapur-13

Agriculture Plant disease, low production Labour Epidemic, low income Daily wage Labour Earthquake, No access of road Carpenter Earthquake Others Tourism sector Strike, No visitors Business Earthquake, load shedding, No access of road Service Earthquake, No access of road Foreign job Earthquake, Helpless of Family members

Bhaktapur-14

Agriculture

Plant disease, Ant, Fly, Insect, Soil degradation, low production, Different Problems related to Agriculture

Labour Earthquake, difficult to work, Strike, unstable Market Daily wage Labour Earthquake, No access of road Carpenter Earthquake, load shedding, No work Others Tourism sector Earthquake, load shedding Business Earthquake, load shedding Service Earthquake, No access of road Foreign job Earthquake

Bhaktapur-16

Agriculture Plant disease, low production Labour Fire, Obstruction of Access of Road

Daily wage Labour Unable to go for work due to fire

Carpenter Unable to do work Others Tourism sector Strike, No visitors

LALI MUNI Sub 1

Service Office, Industries demolish, Access obstructed Business Lack of skilled manpower, Obstruction of access Road, No


Foreign job Low income, Jobless, no security, starvation Daily Wages Land, House and settlement destroy, No work, no education

LALI MUNI Sub 3




LALI MUNI Sub 6




LALI MUNI Sub 7




LALI MUNI Sub 8




LALI MUNI Sub 9




LALI MUNI Sub 11




LALI MUNI Sub 12




LALI MUNI Service Office, Industries demolish, Access obstructed

85

Sub 13

Business Lack of skilled manpower, Obstruction of access Road, No transportation, No business


LALI MUNI Sub 16




LALI MUNI Sub 22




Table 8: Problem and Solution Matrix

VDC/Ward Problems Effects/losses Way of strengthening livelihood

KTM Metro-2

Earthquake

Death, Injury, Displace Destruction of House, infrastructures, Environment degradation, Damage of livelihoods

Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for preparedness , Form a Disaster Risk Reduction Team in a ward, Take suggestion from Engineers for the construction of building and other infrastructures, Make a participation from all stakeholders in any development works, Establish the emergency fund in a community, Widen the access Road, Establish the early warning system

Fire

Death, Injure, Displace Burnt Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials Burn Infrastructures, livelihood system, environmental degradation

IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box and other ignition Materials at place where children cannot reach, Make aware the people about hazard , Conduct the training to the people on Rescue and Relief, Make a participation from all stakeholders in any development works, Establish the emergency fund in a community, Widen the access Road, Establish the early warning system

Epidemic Illness, may cause death, Financial crisis, decrease in livelihood, environment degradation

IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep the water source neat & clean, conduct health awareness campaign and trainings. Keep the food safely, Give attention in proper sanitation, Give training on First Aid, Establish the early warning system. Regularize drinking water supply from the government.

KTM Metro-10

Earthquake



Fire

Death, Injure, Displace Burnt Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials

Burn Infrastructures, livelihood system, environmental degradation


KTM Metro-12

Earthquake



Fire



Storm Injury and possible death, Demolish of Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials, obstruct

IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, , Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid, Change the CGI roofing with RCC roofing, Make aware the people about hazard , Conduct the training to the people on Rescue

86

Communication, Obstruct road, felling of tree, Fire

and Relief, Make a participation from all stakeholders in any development works, Establish the emergency fund in a community, Widen the access Road, Establish the early warning system, Pre prepared to cope the disaster.


IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep the water source neat & clean, conduct health awareness campaign and trainings. Keep the food safely, Give attention in proper sanitation, Give training on First Aid, Establish the early warning system. Regularize drinking water supply from the government.

KTM Metro-15

Earthquake



Fire



Storm

Injury and possible death, Demolish of Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials, obstruct Communication, Obstruct road, felling of tree, Fire

IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, , Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid, Change the CGI roofing with RCC roofing, Make aware the people about hazard , Conduct the training to the people on Rescue and Relief, Make a participation from all stakeholders in any development works, Establish the emergency fund in a community, Widen the access Road, Establish the early warning system


IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep the water source neat & clean, conduct health awareness campaign and trainings. Keep the food safely, Give attention in proper sanitation, Give training on First Aid, Widen the access Road, and Establish the early warning system. Regularize drinking water supply from the government.

KTM Metro-18

Earthquake



Fire





Road Accident Injury and in most cases death, Disability, Damage of Physical properties, Loss of money

Strictly implement the Traffic rules. Needs good Management of the traffic. Widen the road width, Construct alternative routes to smooth flow of traffic, Give knowledge and skills to the pedestrian about traffic rules, Give training to the traffic rules to driver

KTM Metro-23

Earthquake


Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for preparedness , Provide Search & Rescue Training to the people ,Preserve Food, Train local mason about earthquake resisting house, Form a Disaster Risk Reduction Team in a ward, Take suggestion from Engineers for the construction of building and other infrastructures, Make a participation from all stakeholders in any development works, Establish the emergency fund in a community,

Fire


IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box at place where children cannot reach, Make aware the people , Make a participation from all stakeholders in any development works, Establish the emergency fund in a community,


IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep the water source neat & clean, conduct health awareness campaign and trainings. Keep the food safely, Give attention in proper sanitation, Give training on First Aid,


Death, Injury, Displace Destruction of House, infrastructures, Environment

Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for preparedness , Provide Search & Rescue Training to the people ,Preserve Food, Train local mason about earthquake resisting house,

87

degradation, Damage of livelihoods

Form a Disaster Risk Reduction Team in a ward, Take suggestion from Engineers for the construction of building and other infrastructures, Make a participation from all stakeholders in any development works, Establish the emergency fund in a community,

Fire



Storm Death/ burn/ Displace -People, Livestock

Burnt/ Demolish of Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials, Fire

IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, , Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid,



KTM Metro-28

Earthquake


Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for preparedness , Provide Search & Rescue Training to the people ,Preserve Food, Train local mason about earthquake resisting house, Form a Disaster Risk Reduction Team in a ward, Take suggestion from Engineers for the construction of building and other infrastructures, Make a participation from all stakeholders in any development works, Establish the emergency fund in a community,

Road Accident

Injury and in most cases death, Disability, Damage of Physical properties, Loss of money


KTM Metro-29

Earthquake


Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for preparedness , Provide Search & Rescue Training to the people ,Preserve Food, Train local mason about earthquake resisting house, Form a Disaster Risk Reduction Team in a ward, Take suggestion from Engineers for the construction of building and other infrastructures, Make a participation from all stakeholders in any development works, Establish the emergency fund in a community,

Fire



Road Accident


Strictly implement the Traffic rules. Manage the traffic. Widen the road width, Construct alternative routes to smooth flow of traffic, Give knowledge and skills to the pedestrian about traffic rules

KTM Metro-30

Earthquake



Fire



KTM Metro-31

Earthquake



Fire

Death, Injure, Displace Burnt Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials

Burn Infrastructures, livelihood system, environmental degradation


88

KTM Metro-34

Earthquake



Fire



Road Accident



KIR MUN-8

Earthquake


Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for Disaster preparedness , Form a Disaster Risk Reduction Team in a ward, Take suggestion from Engineers for the construction of building and other infrastructures, Make a participation from all stakeholders in any development works, Establish the emergency fund in a community, Widen the access Road, Establish the early warning system

Fire


IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box and other ignition Materials at place where children cannot reach, Make aware the people about hazard , Conduct the training to the people on Rescue and Relief, Make a participation from all stakeholders in any development works, Establish the emergency fund in a community, Widen the Road for access of Fire brigade Establish the early warning system



KIR MUN-9

Earthquake



Fire



Road Accident



KIR MUN-11

Earthquake



Fire



KIR MUN-16 Earthquake



89

Fire



MTM-3

Earthquake Death, Injury, Displace of people, Water Tank burst, Demolition of House, infrastructures, Cause Fire,

Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for preparedness , Conduct training for Disaster preparedness, Give training on First Aid, Provide Search & Rescue Training to the people ,Preserve Food, Train local mason about earthquake resisting house

Fire Burn/Death, Burnt Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials

IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box at place where children cannot reach, keep the industry and kiln far from inhabitants, Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid, Keep the water tank in safe place,



MTM -6

Earthquake Death, Injury, Displace of people, Water Tank burst, Demolition of House, infrastructures, Cause Fire,






Storm Death/ burn/ Displace -People, Livestock Burnt/ Demolish of Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials, Fire

IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, , Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid,

Flood People Physical-House, Land, Water source & distribution pipes,

IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, , Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid, Make gabion box, Plant trees at bank of the river

MTM-8

Fire Burn/Death Burnt Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials Burn Infrastructures

IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep gas cylinder in open space, keep ignition materials and match box at place where children cannot reach, Make aware the people about disaster preparedness , Give training on First Aid, Keep the water tank in safe place,

Earthquake Death, Injury, Displace of people Demolition of House and infrastructures, Cause Fire

Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for Disaster preparedness , Give training on First Aid, Provide Search & Rescue Training to the people , Train people to cope any kind of Disasters,

MTM-10

Earthquake

Death Injury Displace Demolition of House, infrastructures Fire

Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for preparedness , Conduct training for Disaster preparedness, Give training on First Aid, Provide Search & Rescue Training to the people ,Preserve Food, Train local mason about earthquake resisting house, retrofit the old House


IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep the water source neat & clean, conduct health awareness campaign and trainings. Keep the food safely, Give attention in proper sanitation, Give training on First Aid, Place a dumping site far from inhabitants,


keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box at place where children cannot reach, keep the industry and kiln far from inhabitants, Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid, Keep the water tank in safe place,

Storm

Death/ burn/ Displace -People, Livestock Burnt/ Demolish of Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials Fire

IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, , Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid, keep the industry and kiln far from inhabitants, Keep the ignited material out of reach of children

MTM-14 Earthquake Death Injury

Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for preparedness , Conduct training for Disaster preparedness,

90

Displace Demolition of House, infrastructures Fire

Give training on First Aid, Provide Search & Rescue Training to the people ,Preserve Food, Train local mason about earthquake resisting house, retrofit the old House


IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep the water source neat & clean, conduct health awareness campaign and trainings. Keep the food safely, Give attention in proper sanitation, Give training on First Aid, Place a dumping site far from inhabitants,


keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box at place where children cannot reach, keep the industry and kiln far from inhabitants, Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid, Keep the water tank in safe place,

Storm

Death/ burn/ Displace -People, Livestock Burnt/ Demolish of Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials Fire

IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, , Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid, keep the industry and kiln far from inhabitants, Keep the ignited material out of reach of children

MTM-16

Earthquake Death, Injury, Displace of people, Demolition of House and infrastructures,

Cause Fire,

Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for preparedness , Give training on First Aid, Provide Search & Rescue Training to the people , Train local mason about earthquake resisting house


IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box at place where children cannot reach, Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid, Keep the water tank in safe place,


IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep the water source neat & clean, conduct health awareness campaign and trainings. Keep the food safely, Give training on First Aid,

Bhaktapur-5

Earthquake Death, Injury, Displace of people Demolition of House, infrastructures, Cause Fire






Bhaktapur-7

Earthquake

Death, Injury, Displace Demolition of House, infrastructures, Fire

Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for preparedness through media, Conduct training and street drama for Disaster preparedness, Give training on First Aid, Provide Search & Rescue Training to the people ,Preserve Food, Train local mason about earthquake resisting house


IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box at place where children cannot reach, keep the industry and kiln far from inhabitants, Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid, Keep the water tank in safe place, Don’t stock firewood and thatch in kitchen

Strom Death/ burn/ Displace -People, Livestock Burnt/ Demolish of Physical property -Houses, Physical Materials, Fire

IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, , Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid, keep the industry and kiln far from inhabitants, Keep the ignited


IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep the water source neat & clean, conduct health awareness campaign and trainings. Keep the food safely, Wash the hands before taking food, Give attention in proper sanitation, Give training on First Aid, Consultation with eye expert frequently

Bhaktapur-8

Earthquake Death, injury, Displace, losses of property including livestock

Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for preparedness through media, Conduct training and street drama for Disaster preparedness, Give training on First Aid, Provide Search & Rescue Training to the people ,Preserve Food

Epidemic Illness, may cause death, Financial crisis, decrease in livelihood, environment degradation, blindness

IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep the water source neat & clean, conduct health awareness campaign and trainings. Give attention in proper sanitation, Give training on First Aid, Consultation with expert

91

frequently,

Fire Death and injury, losses of property/homeless, damage of livelihood system, environmental degradation

IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box at place where children cannot reach, keep the industry and kiln far from inhabitants, Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid, Keep the water tank in safe place, Don’t stock firewood and thatch in kitchen

Storm Injury ,loss of property IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, , Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid, keep the industry and kiln far from inhabitants

Bhaktapur-9


IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box at place where children cannot reach, keep the industry and kiln far from inhabitants, Put off light, Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid,

Storm Injury ,loss of property IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, , Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid,


IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep the water source neat & clean, conduct health awareness campaign and trainings. Give attention in proper sanitation, Give training on First Aid, Consultation with eye expert frequently

Bhaktapur-12


Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for preparedness through media, Stay in Ground Floor, Conduct training and street drama for Disaster preparedness, Give training on First Aid,


IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box at place where children cannot reach, keep the industry and kiln far from inhabitants, Put off light, Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid

Storm Injury ,loss of property IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, , Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid,


IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep the water source neat & clean, conduct health awareness campaign and trainings. Give attention in proper sanitation, Give training on First Aid

Bhaktapur-13


Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, IEC materials exhibition, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for preparedness through media, Stay in Ground Floor, Conduct training and street drama for Disaster preparedness, Give training on First Aid,


IEC materials exhibition, Keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box at place where children cannot reach, keep the industry and kiln far from inhabitants, Put off light, Make aware the people , Give training on First Aid


IEC materials exhibition, Keep the water source neat & clean, conduct health awareness campaign and trainings. Give attention in proper sanitation, Give training on First Aid

Bhaktapur-14


Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, IEC materials exhibition, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for preparedness through media, Avoid keeping picture frame on wall near bed, Conduct training for preparedness, Give training to mason to build earthquake resistant houses, Avoid keeping flower pot on parapet wall, training on First Aid,


IEC materials exhibition, Keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box at place where children cannot reach, keep the industry and kiln far from inhabitants, properly Manage the insulated Electric wire, doorstep awareness, proper management of water stock (Construction of ponds)

Epidemic

Sick and death, Epidemics and common disease Environmental degradation and decrease on livelihood

IEC materials exhibition, Keep the water source neat & clean, conduct health awareness campaign and trainings. Give attention in proper sanitation,



Bhaktapur-16


Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, IEC materials exhibition, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for preparedness through media ,Conduct training for preparedness,


IEC materials exhibition, Keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box at place where children cannot reach, doorstep awareness,

Flood injury, Displace, losses of property including livestock

IEC materials exhibition, Keep gas cylinder in open space, keep match box at place where children cannot reach, doorstep awareness,

92

Epidemic

Illness, may cause death, Financial crisis, decrease in livelihood, environment degradation, blindness


LALI MUNI 1

Earthquake

Dead, Injury, Displace Destruction of House, infrastructures, Environment degradation, Damage of livelihoods


Road Accident

Injury and in most cases Dead, Disability, Damage of Physical properties, Loss of money


Epidemic Illness, may cause Dead, Financial crisis, decrease in livelihood, environment degradation

IEC materials exhibition posters and pamphlets, Keep the water source neat & clean, conduct health awareness campaign and trainings, Give attention in proper sanitation, Give training on First Aid, Widen the access Road, and Establish the early warning system. Regularize drinking water supply from the government. Literate the old women

LALI MUNI 3

Earthquake



Road Accident





LALI MUNI 6

Earthquake



Road Accident



LALI MUNI 7

Earthquake



Road Accident



LALI MUNI 8

Earthquake



Road Accident





LALI MUNI 9 Earthquake



93

Road Accident





LALI MUNI 11

Earthquake





LALI MUNI 12

Earthquake





LALI MUNI 13

Earthquake



Road Accident



LALI MUNI 16

Earthquake


Construction of Earthquake resistant Houses, conduct awareness campaign and trainings for Disaster preparedness , Form a Disaster Risk Reduction Team in a ward, Take suggestion from Engineers for the construction of building and other infrastructures, Make a participation from all stakeholders in any development works, Make a participation from all stakeholders in any development works, Widen the access Road, Establish the early warning system



Road Accident



LALI MUNI 22

Earthquake





Road Accident



94

Vulnerability Prioritization in 46 wards of Kathmandu Valley

Disaster Earthquake Fire Road

Accident Epidemic Storm Flood Landslide

Weighted Value 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Ranking 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Vulnerability High High Medium Medium Low Low Low

Table 9. Disaster Ranking Matrix

95

Elements Earthquake Fire Landslide Epidemic Road Accident

Flood Storm

Total Score

Earthquake Earthquake

Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake Earthquake

Earthquake 6 Fire Earthquake

Fire Fire Fire Fire Fire 5 Landslide Earthquake

Fire

Epidemic Road Accident Flood Storm 0

Epidemic Earthquake Fire

Epidemic Road Accident

Epidemic Epidemic 3

Road Accident Earthquake Fire Road

Accident

Road Accident Road

Accident Road Accident 4

Flood Earthquake Fire

Flood Epidemic Road Accident Storm 1

Storm Earthquake Fire

Storm Epidemic Road Accident Storm 2

Model of Problem Tree

96

Solution Tree

Root cause

Documents

Nepal Red Cross Society - Flagship 4 - Nepal Risk ...flagship4.nrrc.org.np/sites/default/files/documents/46 Wards of...Nepal Red Cross Society ... The majority of people from these