New EnglandPuritans & Pilgrims

Puritans vs. Pilgrims

• Puritans – purify Anglican Church–Congregationalist–Conversions–Simplicity

Puritans vs. Pilgrims

• Pilgrims Separatists • Didn’t believe church could be fixed

• Migration– Holland– America

The Pilgrims (1620)

• Mayflower– Pilgrims <50% of ship, also

adventurers & sailors

• Intended for VA

• Mayflower Compact

This is NOT Plymouth Rock

This is NOT Plymouth Rock

This is Plymouth Rock

MA Bay Co. (1630)

• Joint Stock Co – John Winthrop–“City on a Hill”

• Capital – Boston–Later absorbed Plymouth

Massachusetts Bay Co.

• No separation of church & state–Harsh criminal laws –Restrictive voting–Bans on other religious groups

Great Migration

• Religious persecution

• Many Puritans (20,000) came to NE

• Led by Winthrop (1630s)

Puritan dissidents

• Roger Williams–Land acquisition–Religious freedom–Banished RI

Puritan dissidents

• Anne Hutchinson–Antinomianism–Trial / Banishment (1636-38)–Went to RI

Puritan dissidents

• Thomas Hooker– Universal Christian suffrage– Banished CT

• Fundamental Orders of Connecticut• 1st written constitution in America

New Hampshire

• Founded by King Charles II (1679)– royal control–Buffer vs. French– population – often run

by MA (same governor)

New England Confederation

• Military alliance–vs. Natives / Dutch–King Philip’s War

• Influence of English Civil War

Native Resistance• Pequot War (1638)

• MA/Narragansetts vs. Pequots

• Massacre of Pequots

• Narragansett reaction

Native Resistance• King Philip’s War (1675-1676)

• Metacomet – “King Philip”

• Heavy casualties – 25% of colony• Worst % for any American war

Native Resistance

• Results• Metacomet• Natives in NE• Relationship with king• American identity