NEW IMPERIALISM:Quiz yourself!

See the term – guess the definition – click & see if you are right!

• 1. Industrial Revolution • Time period between 1800 to 1914 where machines replaced hand tools and steam and electricity replaced animal and human labor / power.

• Exciting new inventions such as the airplane, telephone, railroad, and new processes of productions such as the assembly line and the formation of corporations

Imperialism

• Domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region.

New Imperialism

• Term historians use to describe the path of aggressive expansion taken by European powers… in just a few decades, beginning in the 1870s, Europeans brought much of the world under their influence and control.

Nationalism

• A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one’s country.

Protectorates

• Country(ies) with its own government but under the control of an outside power

Spheres of Influence

• Areas in which an outside power claims exclusive investment of trading privileges.

Berlin Conference

• European conference in Germany in 1884 where Africa was carved by imperialist powers – a means to avoid European bloodshed.

Suez Canal

• A canal linking the Red Sea and Indian Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, which also links Europe to Asia and East Africa.

Sepoy Rebellion

• Indian soldiers rising up against British rule – injustices

• Happened in 1857

• Many Indians killed.

• British tighten control by official colonizing India in 1858.

Viceroy

• One who ruled India in the name of the monarch.

INC

• Indian National Congress

• A Hindu nationalist group - pushing for independence from Britain.

• Eventually, Mahatma Gandhi would become its president.

Muslim League

• Indian nationalist group of Muslims – advocating independence AND partition of India.

• Its longtime leader, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, eventually became the first leader of Pakistan.

• When Britain passed the Indian Independence Act, it agreed to leave the Indian subcontinent on the condition that it be divided into two countries – one for Hindus and one for Muslims. Pakistan was to be the Muslim homeland.

Balance of Trade

• Difference between how much a country imports and how much it exports.

Trade Surplus

• Situation in which a country exports more than it imports

Trade deficit

• Situation where a country imports more than it exports.

Opium War

• War fought between Great Britain and China (in China) over restrictions to foreign trade.

Indemnity

• Payment for losses in a war

Extraterritoriality

• Right of foreigners to be protected by the laws of their own nation

• Example – British in China

Taiping Rebellion

• Peasant revolt in China in 1850.

• Lasted 14 years.

• Weakened China / made in vulnerable

• In 1868, China lost Taiwan and Korea to Japan which was increasing its power.

Open Door Policy

• American approach to China around 1900, favoring open trade relations between China and other nations.

Boxer Rebellion

• Anti-foreign movement in China from 1898 – 1900.

• Americans and others deliberately targeted and killed.

Sino-Japanese War

• War between China and Japan in which Japan gained Taiwan!

• Look out for Japan!