NIST: Promoting U.S. InnovationNIST: Promoting U.S. Innovationand Industrial Competitivenessand Industrial Competitiveness

Opportunities forOpportunities for InteractionsInteractions

Anne Chaka

Physics Laboratory

NIST Today: MissionNIST Today: Mission

To promote U.S. To promote U.S. innovation and industrial innovation and industrial competitiveness by competitiveness by advancingadvancing

measurement science,measurement science,standards, andstandards, andtechnologytechnology

in ways that enhance in ways that enhance economic security and economic security and improve our quality of lifeimprove our quality of life

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Measurements, Standards, and TechnologyMeasurements, Standards, and Technology

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Early Driver for StandardsEarly Driver for Standards

1904• Out-of-town fire

companies arriving at a Baltimore fire cannot couple their hoses to the hydrants. 1526 buildings razed.

1905• National Fire Protection

Association adoptedNBS-developed national hose coupling standard

Fires at the Fires at the WildlandWildland--Urban InterfaceUrban Interface

regional

residence

Basic fire spread components

community

NOAA Fire Weather~8 km (grid cell)

NIST Fire Behavior (WFDS)1 km (domain)900 km (domain) ~1 m (grid cell)

• Coupled fire weather and WFDS models to cover all relevant scales. (NIST & NOAA)

• Database of fuels in communities at the wildland-urban interface. (NIST)

• Physics-based predictive tools to support operational decision-making by incident managers. (NIST & NOAA)

Problem: Significant increase in structural risk as more communities encroach on wild lands.

World Trade Center investigationWorld Trade Center investigation

NIST leading a public-private partnership to determine the technical cause of the WTC collapse and apply lessons learned to improve safety, survivability and emergency response.

Investigation progress published at wtc.nist.gov.

NIST has received over 235 pieces of WTC steel for analysis.

National Construction Safety Team Act

NIST NIST infrastructure paves the way to innovationinfrastructure paves the way to innovation

Tests, Measurements, Models and Standards are the “roads and bridges” to our technology future

Groundbreaking research tools that enable work in new fields — quantum information, nanotechnology, molecular bioscience

Better measurement methods to ensure quality

Performance measures for accurate technology comparisons

Standards to assure fairness in trade

Overcoming Barriers to Innovation

Assessment of the U.S. Measurement System• Documents 723 measurement barriers to

innovation• Covers 11 industry sectors• Over 1000 contributors from industry,

academia, and other government agenciesExamples: • Biomarkers – detecting 1 molecule in a

trillion!• 3-D imaging at the nanoscale to understand

material propertiesResult:• A roadmap to help NIST and other

organizations plan research that accelerates innovation

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Measurement Research 2,200 publications/year

Standard Reference Data90 types available5,500 units sold/ year

Standard Reference Materials>1,300 products available31,000 units sold/year

Calibrations and Tests3,000 items calibrated/year

Laboratory Accreditation819 accreditations

Standards Committees440 NIST staff, 970 committees

NIST Products and Services Include

Sample Accomplishments: Taking Measure of Sample Accomplishments: Taking Measure of NanotechnologyNanotechnology

Nanoscale particle Nanoscale particle SRMsSRMs

TTargeted for the biomedical researchargeted for the biomedical research10 nm, 30 nm, 60 nm 10 nm, 30 nm, 60 nm

First measurements of lengthFirst measurements of length--dependentdependenttoxicity & cellular uptaketoxicity & cellular uptakeHighHigh--throughput methodthroughput method forforlengthlength--based separation of based separation of nanotubesnanotubes

Ultracentrifugation, provisional patent

Best optical properties ever reported

Nanoparticle SRMs

Length-dependent cellular uptake

Separation by Ultracentrifugation

Addressing urgent environment, safety, and security needs

Nanotechnology: Environment, Health & SafetyNanotechnology: Environment, Health & Safety (+$12M)(+$12M)

Environmental, health & safety of Environmental, health & safety of nanotechnologynanotechnology——Very little knownVery little known

Hundreds of products already contain Hundreds of products already contain nanoscale componentsnanoscale componentsRegulatory agencies lack basic Regulatory agencies lack basic scientific information to assess and scientific information to assess and address risksaddress risksIndustry concerned about liabilityIndustry concerned about liability

Funding increase will allow:Funding increase will allow:Development of accurate Development of accurate measurement and detection methodsmeasurement and detection methodsIndustry to exploit the tremendous Industry to exploit the tremendous economic potential of nanotech safelyeconomic potential of nanotech safelyConsumers to retain confidence in Consumers to retain confidence in nanotech productsnanotech products

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“ NIST is ideally positioned to lead the development of characterization methods and standards, building on extensive expertise and experience in this area [of nano-EHS].” --Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars (2006)

A carbon nanotube is shown on the hair of an ant’s leg

Investing in strategic and rapidly advancing technologies

Nanotechnology: From Discovery to Manufacture (+$7M)Nanotechnology: From Discovery to Manufacture (+$7M)

Nanoscale components, dominant factor Nanoscale components, dominant factor in 21in 21stst century economycentury economy

Small size of nanoscale components Small size of nanoscale components requiresrequires

Whole new measurement systemNew ways to quantify properties with accurate measures of size, shape, chemical composition, etc.

Measurement infrastructure developed with initiative funding will:

Speed pace of nanotech research for government, industry & academiaAccelerate commercialization Improve product qualityEnable electronic chips that are faster, smaller, more efficientImprove manufacturing yields

The semiconductor "nanowires" above are part of a project to develop measurement tools for understanding nanolasers. About 800 nanowires would fit within the thickness of a human hair.

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NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology

Bridges gaps between science andproduction

Nanofab user facility

A critical resource for researchersfrom industry and academia

How to Work with NISTHow to Work with NIST

Standards

Collaborative Research & Technology

Devolvement Programs

Invention Licensing

The NIST LaboratoriesThe NIST Laboratories

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NIST At A GlanceNIST At A Glance

Major AssetsMajor Assets

~~ 2,800 employees2,800 employees

~ ~ 2600 associates and facilities users2600 associates and facilities users

~~ 1,600 field staff in partner organizations1,600 field staff in partner organizations

~~ 400 NIST staff serving on 1,000 national 400 NIST staff serving on 1,000 national and international standards committees and international standards committees

Major ProgramsMajor Programs

NIST LaboratoriesNIST Laboratories

BaldrigeBaldrige National Quality ProgramNational Quality Program

Manufacturing Extension PartnershipManufacturing Extension Partnership

Technology Innovation ProgramTechnology Innovation Program

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NIST has... ...world-class staff

Eric Cornell2001 Nobel Prize

in Physics

Greg Linteris2 Space Shuttle missions

Debbie Jin2003 MacArthur

Fellowship

Bill Phillips1997 Nobel Prize

in Physics

Jan Hall2005 Nobel Prize

in Physics

Anneke Sengers2003 L’Oréal-UNESCO

Women in Science Award

NIST has… … two main campuses

Boulder, CO

Gaithersburg, MD

Courtesy HDR Architecture, Inc./Steve Hall ©Hedrich Blessing

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Collaborative Research & Technology Development Collaborative Research & Technology Development ProgramsPrograms

Informal collaboration involving intramural research programsInformal collaboration involving intramural research programs

Guest Research AgreementsGuest Research Agreements

Facility Use AgreementsFacility Use Agreements

Material Transfer AgreementsMaterial Transfer Agreements

Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)

Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADA)Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADA)

ConsortiaConsortia

Patent LicensingPatent Licensing

Informal Collaborations on Intramural ResearchInformal Collaborations on Intramural Research

Most common form of interaction with university & Most common form of interaction with university & industry partnersindustry partners

Rarely any written agreementRarely any written agreement

No preferential intellectual property rights No preferential intellectual property rights ––common lawcommon law

Proprietary information Proprietary information ––should not be any, but if should not be any, but if there is there is --covered by trade secrets actcovered by trade secrets act

Guest Research AgreementsGuest Research Agreements

Most common Most common ‘‘formalformal’’ partnering agreement (about 1500 per partnering agreement (about 1500 per year)year)

Purpose Purpose -- make NIST facilities available for a limited time to make NIST facilities available for a limited time to researchers collaborating on R&D projects of mutual interestresearchers collaborating on R&D projects of mutual interest

PartnersPartners

UniversitiesUniversitiesIndustryIndustryOther government agenciesOther government agenciesLocal/state governmentLocal/state governmentInternational institutionsInternational institutions

Facility Use AgreementsFacility Use Agreements

PURPOSE PURPOSE -- industry use of industry use of designateddesignated NIST NIST measurement equipment and facilitiesmeasurement equipment and facilities

CRITERIANot competitive with private sectorEqual accessAvailabilityCost recovery Safety

TYPEProprietaryNon-Proprietary

Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA)Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA)

CRADAS provide partners with rights not available under CRADAS provide partners with rights not available under any other form of agreement any other form of agreement

Potential to protect NISTPotential to protect NIST’’s CRADA research results from s CRADA research results from the Freedom of Information Act.the Freedom of Information Act.

Provide an option to negotiate an exclusive license to Provide an option to negotiate an exclusive license to NISTNIST’’S ownership in any CRADA inventions without S ownership in any CRADA inventions without going through a public process.going through a public process.

Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) continuationcontinuation

Either party may contribute equipment, facilities, Either party may contribute equipment, facilities, personnel, Intellectual Propertypersonnel, Intellectual Property

NIST cannot provide funds to the collaborator but partners NIST cannot provide funds to the collaborator but partners may provide funds to NIST. may provide funds to NIST.

NOTE: CRADAs do not fall under the Federal Acquisition NOTE: CRADAs do not fall under the Federal Acquisition Regulations (FAR)Regulations (FAR)

Consortia CRADASConsortia CRADAS

Consortia are governed by Consortia are governed by identicalidentical agreements agreements with several industry partnerswith several industry partners

Consortia agreements may be in the form of an Consortia agreements may be in the form of an MOU or under the CRADA authorityMOU or under the CRADA authority

The The Technology Technology

Innovation ProgramInnovation Program

Margaret Phillips(301) 975-4350

mphillips@nist.govwww.nist.gov/tip/

“Assisting United States businesses and institutions of higher education or other organizations, such as national laboratories and nonprofit research institutions, to support, promote, and accelerate innovation in the United States through high-risk, high-reward research in areas of critical national need.”

TIP Purpose TIP Purpose ……

America COMPETES Act(PL 110-69)

August 9, 2007

Key Features of TIPKey Features of TIPNovel Purpose:Novel Purpose: address societal challenges not being addressed in areas of address societal challenges not being addressed in areas of

Critical National Need (CNN) with benefits that extend significaCritical National Need (CNN) with benefits that extend significantly beyond ntly beyond proposersproposers

Rich Teaming:Rich Teaming: businesses, academia, national labs, nonprofit research businesses, academia, national labs, nonprofit research institutions and other organizationsinstitutions and other organizations

Scientific & Technical Merit:Scientific & Technical Merit: highhigh--risk, highrisk, high--reward researchreward research

Transformational Results:Transformational Results: strong potential for advancing statestrong potential for advancing state--ofof--thethe--art and art and contributing to U.S. science and technology basecontributing to U.S. science and technology base

Societal Challenges:Societal Challenges: demand government attentiondemand government attention

Clear Government Need:Clear Government Need: no other funding sources are reasonably availableno other funding sources are reasonably available

Awards based on “high-risk, high-reward” innovation, need for public funding, and potential to meet unaddressed societal challenges

Key Features of TIP Key Features of TIP (cont)(cont)

FundingFundingSingle company projects up to $3M for maximum three years. Single company projects up to $3M for maximum three years. Joint Venture projects may be funded up to $9M for maximum five Joint Venture projects may be funded up to $9M for maximum five yearsyears

Allows institutions of higher education to lead a joint venture Allows institutions of higher education to lead a joint venture R&D projectR&D project

Intellectual property will reside with U.S. company or any JV Intellectual property will reside with U.S. company or any JV member (including a university JV member)member (including a university JV member)

Opportunities for state involvement with R&D planningOpportunities for state involvement with R&D planningProgram assessment requiredProgram assessment requiredAnnual reports from Program and Advisory Board to Annual reports from Program and Advisory Board to

CongressCongress

TIP CNN ProcessTIP CNN Process……

Critical National Need identification & selection process will sCritical National Need identification & selection process will shape TIP hape TIP collaborative outreach and competitionscollaborative outreach and competitions

Gap Analysis Gap Analysis –– Determine unique NIST role Determine unique NIST role within within CNNsCNNs

NRC (National Research Council) of the National Academies of NRC (National Research Council) of the National Academies of ScienceScience

STPI (Science & Technology Policy Institute)STPI (Science & Technology Policy Institute)

Published Industry RoadmapsPublished Industry Roadmaps

OthersOthers

Competition topic areas based on the Competition topic areas based on the needsneeds, not , not technologiestechnologies, for , for meeting societal challengesmeeting societal challenges

Potential CNN Topic AreasPotential CNN Topic Areas

Civil InfrastructureCivil InfrastructureEnergyEnergyManufacturingManufacturingWaterWaterCommunicationsCommunicationsComplex NetworksComplex NetworksPersonalized MedicinePersonalized Medicine

These seven areas represent the potential broad CNN topic areas that TIP has identified to date. However, this list is not exhaustive; TIP may select a different or more specific CNN.

TIP Next StepsTIP Next Steps……

New TIP website availableNew TIP website availablehttp://http://www.nist.govwww.nist.gov/tip//tip/Additional future webcasts on various topics will be Additional future webcasts on various topics will be available on the websiteavailable on the website

Proposed Rule published Proposed Rule published Received public comments (comment period closed April Received public comments (comment period closed April 2121stst))Available from http://Available from http://www.nist.gov/tip/rule_frn.pdfwww.nist.gov/tip/rule_frn.pdf

CNN selection in progressCNN selection in progressCompetition planning is underway Competition planning is underway Proposal Preparation Kit under developmentProposal Preparation Kit under development

http://www.nist.gov/tip/

Thank You

Anne.Chaka@nist.gov

Terry.Lynch@nist.govOffice of Technology Partnerships

Margaret Phillips(301) 975-4350mphillips@nist.govwww.nist.gov/tip/

mailto:Anne.Chaka@nist.govmailto:Terry.Lynch@nist.gov

NIST Today: MissionMeasurements, Standards, and TechnologyEarly Driver for StandardsFires at the Wildland-Urban InterfaceOvercoming Barriers to InnovationSample Accomplishments: Taking Measure of NanotechnologyAddressing urgent environment, safety, and security needs �Nanotechnology: Environment, Health & Safety (+$12M)�Investing in strategic and rapidly advancing technologies�Nanotechnology: From Discovery to Manufacture (+$7M)�How to Work with NISTNIST At A GlanceCollaborative Research & Technology Development ProgramsInformal Collaborations on Intramural ResearchGuest Research AgreementsFacility Use AgreementsCooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA)Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) continuationConsortia CRADASMargaret Phillips�(301) 975-4350�mphillips@nist.gov�www.nist.gov/tip/TIP Purpose …Key Features of TIPKey Features of TIP (cont)TIP CNN Process…Potential CNN Topic AreasTIP Next Steps…Thank You