NLCTA and ESA (Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator and End Station A)

NLCTA and ESA(Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator and End Station A)

Carsten Hast

Test Facilities Department Head

SLAC DOE HEP Review

July 7 – 9, 2008

SLAC DOE HEP Review July 7 - 9, 2008

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ARD Test Facilities Department

* After this winter’s financial turmoil and reorganization ARD founded a new Test Facilities Department– Helps to develop and test near-term solutions for accelerator systems

including RF structures and power sources as well as beam optical, diagnostic and collimation systems.

– Operates and supports the large test facilities at SLAC• NLCTA in ESB• L-Band and X-Band RF test facilities in ESB• End Station A • FACET (2009)• Hardware and personnel contributions to ATF/ATF2 program at KEK• Support for LCLS hard- and software development

* Personnel (2008)– Five engineering physicists, two technicians

ESAESB &NLCTA


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SLAC Research Yard (RY)

ESA

ESB

LCLS

BSY

NLCTA


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End Stations A and B

* Both End Stations are very large and versatile concrete structures with excellent infrastructure:

– 3-15 MW of electrical power available– Abundance of cooling water– Tunnels for cable ways and other utilities – 50t crane coverage– Walls are designed as radiation shields

removable

* ESA: 62m x 35m x 20m

* ESB: 50m x 25m x 15m


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End Station B (ESB)

* NLCTA Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator– small X-Band test accelerator (11m)– achieved peak energy of 350 MeV – Shielding designed for 1.2 GeV

* E-163 Laser Acceleration – Using 60 MeV NLCTA beam into the experimental hall– Class 4 laser room

* L-Band SNS modulator for RF tests of couplers, RF distribution systems outside of beam enclosure and cavities inside of NLCTA

* 4 X-Band RF structures for equipment testing– 3 with 300 MW power– 1 with 150 MW power

* Building new L-Band test stand with Marx-modulator and klystron for life testing of both (operational this fall)


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NLCTA Infrastructure


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NLCTA Beam Parameters

* E-163: Ultralow Energy Spread Probe5 pC, 60 MeV, x-y emittance 2.5 x 2.5, 1ps bunch length

0.03% energy spread, 1 A peak current

* Nominal High Energy Beams 0.25 nC, 350 MeV, 2 x 2 x 1.8 ps x 0.8%, 56A1.00 nC, 350 MeV, 4.3 x 4.2 x 1.5 ps x 0.6%, 267A, (Laser upgrade)(Range: 0-0.25 nC, 5-350 MeV; focused density: 105 J/cm2, peak density: 9.8 x 1015/cm3)

* High Current Driver (Assumes laser upgrade and added pulse compressor)1 nC, 350 MeV, 17 x 4 x 1.8ps x 0.65% (3.2 kA spike, long tail)

* High Current Driver and Low Energy Witness (assumes major beam line upgrades to NLCTA)0.9 nC, 350 MeV driver –and– 0.1 nC, 60 MeV witness with continuously variable timing


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NLCTA Future Program

* Near Term (1-2 years)– Run E-163 and follow up experiments– L-Band and X-Band RF structure and pulse compression tests

* Longer Term – Upgrade experimental hall (currently E-163) for higher energy– L-Band and X-Band RF structure and pulse compression tests– Currently in the planning stage for what could be done with the

various possible beams of NLCTA


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Future Program Ideas for NLCTA

Table 1: Anticipated Experimental Beam Requirements Experiment Bunch Structure Energy

(MeV) Comments/Critical Parameters

High Brightness e-Sources, Emittance Compensation, Tailored Profiles

Single and notched distribution bunches, 1 - 4 nC goal

5 - 70 Emittance 210-6 m, rms, Ramped profiles < 5 psec length, 5 kA peak current goals

Crystal channeling for e-collimation, capture range and eff., volume reflection

Single Bunch 0.1 to 1 nC

5 - 350 Emittance a few

FEL with a 4 meter RF-Undulator

Single Bunch ~ 0.3 nC

50-60 (up to

350)

Emittance 2 mm mrad 100A peak current Initial study of such a device

High Demagnification Plasma Lens

Single bunch, Variable charge

350 Emittance 4 to 4010-6 m, rms Brightness>0.1 nC/psec/mm-mrad

Ion Channel Laser Single bunch, 0.25 - 1 nC

50 - 350 Bunch length 2 psec, rms Emittance 3 - 5 mm-mrad

Electron Beam Hose Instability


60 Variable bunch length 2 psec

Electron Beam Guiding Of Lasers


50 - 350 Variable peak current 2 kA


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NLCTA Maintenance and Upgrades

Need to guarantee an efficient operation for the next five years and beyond

* 2008 – 1 EOICs ($200k), ½ technician ($80k) and management/installation/safety ($125k) – M&S maintenance, consumables ($100k)– Maintenance/Repair labor ($150k)

* 2009– 1.5 EOICs ($300k), ½ technician ($80k) and management/safety ($125k) – M&S maintenance, consumables ($100k)– Modernize the control system for modulators and make it compatible with other installations

• New PLCs ($40k) and new software controls ($75k)– Maintenance and upgrades of modulators

• Redesign grounding ($10k) and redesign tuning straps ($20k)• Spare capacitors and miscellaneous other equipment (M&S) ($50k)• Increase maintenance efforts (Labor ) ($250k)

– Start rewrite of complete NLCTA control system from SCP to EPICS (SCP is phased out very soon) ($300k)– Buy necessary hardware for new EPICS control system ($75k)– New power supply for station 0 (increased operational efficiency) (M&S $50k, labor $30k)

* 2010– Continued operation: 1.5 EOIC ($300k), ½ technician ($80k) and management/safety ($125k), – Maintenance/Repair (M&S $100k, Labor $250k)– Continue EPICS upgrade for NLCTA control system ($300)– Build spare modulator and klystron ($300k)


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End Station A (ESA)

* Old work horse for deep inelastic scattering experiments* Successfully used during the past years for various test beams

– simple radiation experiments to verify simulation codes– mini-Antarctica for calibrating ANITA, a balloon experiment looking for

ultra high energy (UHE) neutrinos– ILC and Super-B detector development– ILC machine detector interface

18 feet

Wakefield box

Wire Scanners

rf BPMs

Dipoles + Wiggler

T-487: long. bunch profile

“IP BPMs” T-488

Ceramic gap for EMI studies


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Future Activities in ESA

HadronHadronbeamlinebeamline

BeBeTargetTarget

eediagnosticsdiagnostics

photon photon diagnosticsdiagnostics

ee ee beam beam test areatest area

22ºº X-ray X-raymirrorsmirrors

ee dump dump

spont.spont.undulatorundulator

ESAESA (62 m long) (62 m long)


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* A ~10 GeV undulator solution fits as an x-ray source and provides the opportunity for HEP Test Beams

* Test beam program will use primary and secondary beams much in the same fashion and for similar purposes as in the past years

– Primary beam• Beam instrumentation and accelerator physics studies, e.g. ILC• Particle astrophysics detectors and techniques• Materials damage studies with thin and thick targets, with a range of bunch

lengths• Radiation exposure and beam dump tests: Activation, residual dose rates

and materials damage – Secondary beam (single electrons and hadrons)

• Detector R&D for HEP detectors like Super-B, LHC-detector upgrade, ILC-SiD development

ESA: LCLS-Undulator 2 and Test Beams


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Phased approach to Future ESA Test Beams

* LCLS-U2 might start 2014* Phase 1: 2009(?)-2012

– Modernize the ESA PPS systemdesign and implementation would probably cost about $500k, but needs additional study

– Need upgraded kickers– Would seek agreement from SLAC management and BES for a

defined fraction of LCLS beam pulses, e.g., 1% of 120 Hz– Possibility of beam halo in the linac as a completely parasitic

source for secondary beam

* Phase 2: 2014 onwards?– 100% of spent beam will be available for test beams

* Linac task force working towards recommendation for a coordinated development plan, with the aim that this will be adopted by SLAC management


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Conclusions

NLCTA is a vibrant facility

– Serves E-163 and many RF system test programs– Well integrated in the operation of the other programs in ESB– Necessary maintenance and upgrades haven’t been performed in the past

years, which are now requested for FY2009 and beyond– Resources need to be committed to facilitate the move from SCP to

EPICS based control system – NLCTA wants to expand its user base provided sufficient support is made

available

ESA

– Had a very successful Test Beam Program in the past years for ILC MDI, various detector component studies, and other experiments

– Currently no beam operation, pending PPS modernization – With the LCLS-U2 100% of spent beam would be available for Test

Beams

ESA Additional


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Parameter ILC

(cold)

X-band

(warm)

CLIC

(warm)

LCLS2 /

ESA-TB

Repetition Rate 5Hz 120 Hz 100 Hz 60 Hz

Energy 250 GeV 250 GeV 250 GeV 14 GeV

Bunch Charge 2.0 x 1010 0.75 x 1010 0.37 x 1010 (0.2 – 1.0) x 1010

x, y (m) 10, 0.04 3.6, 0.04 0.7, 0.02 2, 2

rms Bunch Length 300 m 110 m 30 m 10-300 m

rms Energy Spread 0.1% 0.2% 0.35% (0.02 – 0.2)%

Bunches/Train 2670 192 312 1

Bunch spacing 300ns 2.8ns 0.5ns -

Train length 1ms 300ns 150ns -

Beam parameters: ESA-TB vs. Linear Colliders


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Parameter Desired Parameter Capability LCLS2 in ESA

Energy (0.1–100) GeV (0.1–14) GeV e, (0.1–8) GeV

Charge per bunch 0.2–105 0.2–1010 e, (0.1–10) ,~0.1 K and p

Particle type e, K, p eK, p

Bunch repetition rate (Hz) 10 Hz or higher 60 Hz

Precise beam triggerNeeded for time-of-flight measurements and

TOF R&DYes

Spill length/pulseSingle RF bucket ideal; pseudo-ILC train useful

for ILC electronics power pulsingSingle RF bucket

Multiple particles/rf bucket possible?

Useful for some linearity tests; useful for vertex detector track confusion studies

Yes, with electrons or mix of electrons and pions

rms x, y spot size <1cm; <1mm useful 5 mm ok; reduced rate at 1 mm

Momentum analysis? Yes (1%); for some tests to 0.1% Yes (1%)

x,y,z space available 1–4 m, 1–4 m, 1–3 m 5 m, 5 m, 15 m

Instrumentation

Trigger counters; Halo veto counters; High resolution beam hodoscope; Particle ID

(Cherenkov, TOF, shower counter); Small, high field solenoid; sturdy support table with remote

movers

Good capability for providing these

Crane (0-10) tons 15- and 50-ton cranes available

ESA strengthESA satisfies many desired capabilities for a test beam facility

Test beam capabilities with LCLS-U2 in ESA

Documents

NLCTA and ESA (Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator and End Station A)