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Nomenclature• The International Union of Pure and
Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) created a system of naming compounds.
• This system of naming chemical compounds is called nomenclature.
• Creates a worldwide system (like S.I. units).
Nomenclature• There are three “types” of naming, each
defined by where the first ion in the compound is located.
• These are called “pink” “green” or “blue” sections by the color of the section.
• They could also be considered S, D or P respectively based on electron orbital.
Pink Section• When the first ion is from the pink section,
say the whole name of the first ion, and replace the end of second with –ide.
• Ex: NaCl = Sodium Chloride
• Ex: MgF2 = Magnesium Fluoride
• Ex: K2O = Potassium Oxide
What is the formula for Li3N
A.) Lithium Nitride
B.) Trilithium Nitrogen
C.) Lithium (III) Nitride
D.) Lithium Trinitride
Green Section• The ions in the green section can have
multiple charges.
• Therefore we have to discern their charges with some deduction.
• Ex: CuO . . Copper must have a charge of +2 here, because it has a 1 to 1 ratio with O that has a charge of -2.
Green Section• CuO continued. . .
• Since Copper has a charge of +2, you write the name as Copper (II) Oxide.
• Ex: Fe2O3 must have a charge of +3. Therefore it is Iron (III) Oxide.
• Ex: FeO is Iron (II) Oxide.
Blue Section• If you haven’t noticed, the last ion is
always negatively charged (blue).
• When both are from the blue, it is a covalent bond.
• Since these can occur in many ways, we have to specify how many of each atom are in the compound.
Blue Section 1 – Mono 2 – Di
3 – Tri 4 – Tetra
5 – Penta 6 – Hexa
7 – Hepta 8 – Octa
9 – Non 10 - Deca
Blue Section• Simply use the appropriate prefix to
describe how many atoms are present.
• The only rule is: Don’t put mono on the first atom!
• Ex: N2O4 Dinitrogen Tetroxide
• Ex: CO2 Carbon Dioxide
What is the name of P4O6?
A.) Phosphorus Dioxide
B.) Phosphorus (IV) Oxide
C.) Triphosphorus Pentoxide
D.) Tetraphosphorus Hexoxide
Polyatomic Ions• Sometimes multiple atoms come together
to form a single ion.
• These polyatomic ions can then bond with other ions to form compounds.
• Follow the previous rules for naming.
Polyatomic Ions
• Ex: NaNO3 Sodium Nitrate
• Ex: CaSO4 Calcium Sulfate
• Ex: FePO4 Iron (III) Phosphate
• Ex: Ca(ClO3)2 Calcium Chlorate