Regional Environmental Technical Assistance 5771 Poverty Reduction & Environmental Management in Rem ote Greater

Mekong Subregion (GMS) Watersheds Project (Phase I)

Non Government Organisations in Thailand:

A general overview with emphasis on North Eastern T hailand Current status and potential for development cooper ation

in the Greater Mekong Subregion

By

Mr. Colin McQuistan

Ms Saowalak Markphaengthong

Ms Jitkasem Permpatr

CONTENTS

1 Introduction

1.1 The Northeastern region

1.2 Geography

1.3 The future for the Northeast

1.4 Thai NGO Development strategies

2 History of Local Government Organisations

2.1 History of Non Government Organisations

2.2 History of International NGO’s

2.3 History of NGO’s in the Northeastern region

3 Legislation Regarding Local Government Administrati ve structure

3.1 Provincial Administration

3.2 District Administration

3.3 Tambon (Sub-District) Administration

Page 1 of 27

1. INTRODUCTION

Thai society in the past three decades since the first national economic and social development plan (1960-1964) has experienced rapid economic growth. For example the GNP in 1961 compared to 1995 was 2,100 Baht and 68,000 Baht respectively, this indicates a 7.8 % increase per annum. Although this development achieves the objectives set for economic growth within the successive plans the focus is very much been upon Bangkok and the neighbouring provinces. The income per capita for Bangkok residents are much higher than for residents of any other region, especially the northeastern region where the average income per person is approximately 12 times lower. As a result of this development the last census indicates that Thailand now has a total population in excess of 60,817,000 people (1997) with 73.2% living in rural areas.

The output from these development plans has focused primarily upon infrastructure construction, provision of facilities and social services. For example the expansion of electricity in the urban and suburban areas now reaches 97.7% of residents. Drinking water reaches 75% and transportation between villages now connects 32% of residential areas from the smallest village to the largest town. To date the total length of surfaced roads reaches 210,025 kilometres. The population receives a basic education system which is enjoyed by 97.7%, and the average life expectancy has increased from 63 years in 1960 to 67.3 years today.

An additional, although less desired result of these development plans is that Thai society has become more materialistic. The gap between the rich and the poor has widened. Traditional morals, ethics, disciplines, social values, cultures and lifestyles, have gradually been eroded. Additionally a depletion of natural resources and basic natural environmental services have been consumed as production materials for this industrial development process. Forest area has been reduced in excess of 160,000 hectares per year. This development has emphasised upon the needs of cities. The plans have improved the quality of life for city dwellers but provided negative environmental impacts for the rural majority. Therefore this development has focused upon growth and ignored good management of natural resources and the environment to the detriment of facilitating sustainable development in the future.

3.4 Village

3.5 NGO Introduction

3.6 Registration Procedure

3.7 Tax and Fund Raising Issues

3.8 The National Cultural Act 1942

3.9 International NGOs in Thailand

4 Government Support and GO-NGO Relations

4.1 National Cultural Commission (NCC)

4.2 Department of Rural Development (DED)

4.3 The Department of Co-operatives Extension

4.4 Department of Environmental Quality Promotion (DEQP)

4.5 The Office of the Environment Fund

5 Co-ordination between NGOs

5.1 NGO-Co-ordination Committee on Rural Development (NGO-CORD)

5.2 The Thai Volunteer Service Foundation (TVS)

5.3 The Local Development Institute (LDI)/ Local Development Foundation (LDF) and Its Networks

6 Informal Networks

6.1 Environmental Protection and Conservation networks

6.2 Community Organisations(CO) and NGOs

7 References

Page 2 of 27

In response to these problems the eighth National Economic and Social Development Plan (1997-2001), has emphasised human resource development. A universal objective of the plan being the promotion of public participation and co-operation with local organisations, including NGO’s, as indicated in the summary statement which states;

1. Supporting people to participate in social, economic and quality of life development.

2. Supporting the strength of communities for stable and sustainable development.

3. Supporting NGO’s, the private sector, communities and the public to participate in the process of utilisation of natural resources and the environment.

1.1 The Northeastern region

The Northeast of Thailand comprises one third of the whole country and is subdivided into 19 provinces. From a cultural point of view, this region is one of the most interesting. However economically speaking it is the most problematic.

The population in 1996 exceeded 20 million people which constitutes 33% of the entire population. This region has the lowest average per capita income for the country. The soil used for agriculture is mostly sandy and generally poor, with rife deforestation worsening already poor environmental conditions. The region also suffers badly from droughts. Under these conditions the largely agricultural population cannot produce adequate foodstuffs, even for their own consumption. Debt and a high malnutrition rate for children characterise the present population. Today many people from the Northeast form the largest group of labour migrants who look for seasonal work in Bangkok and other developing cities, during the agriculturally inactive dry season. This factor combined with the economic downturn of 1997 and the poor agricultural productivity bodes ill for the sustainable development of this region in the future. The region whose present inhabitants are amongst the most accommodating and good-natured people in the kingdom.

Table 1: Basic Statistics for the Regions of Thaila nd.

1.2 Geography

The northeastern region is much less dramatic or wild when compared to the other regions of Thailand. It

Region Central/West East South North Northeast

Area (km2) 67,398 36,502 70,715 169,644 168,854

Population 15,619,312 4,064,872 7,944,865 12,091,337 21,095,841

Forest (km2 ) 16,288 7,591 12,455 73,886 21,265

Employees 7,710,800 3,740,400 4,063,400 6,216,600 11,430,700

Agriculture 1,225,700 1,179,600 2,237,400 3,542,500 8,551,900

Service sector 4,211,400 1,080,600 952,300 1,216,800 1,369,300

Industry sector 2,273,700 1,480,200 873,700 1,457,300 1,509,500

Gross Product (Thousand’s Baht)

1,279,442,024 198,668,418 185,868,637 251,059,540 245,953,511

Mean GDP 81,900 48,900 23,400 20,800 11,700

Mean annual temperature

27.8 27.8 23.5 21.4 26.6

Mean annual rainfall

1,233.2 1,670.8 2,486.7 1,431.6 1,353.1

Page 3 of 27

comprises a large plateau which is almost square; the Mekong river encircles the north and east. The region is further demarcated by the Phanom Dongrak range to the south which forms the border with Cambodia and the Phetchabun range to the west which separates the Northeast of Thailand from the central plains. This plateau contains two main river basins. The Sakhon Nakhon basin of the Songkhram river and the Korat basin with the rivers Chi and Moon, all of which ultimately flow east into the Mekong river. The entire plateau forms a saucer shape which gently slopes south eastwards from the highest points in the Phetchabun range at 1,000-1,600 meters to the riverbank of the Mekong at approximately 150 meters.

Politically the Northeastern region is bounded by Laos PDR to the north and east and by Cambodia to the south. Indeed the region was once claimed by both these kingdoms, a fact well recorded by the wealth of historic Laotian and especially Khmer remnants across the region. Present day inhabitants speak a northeastern Thai dialect which is similar to the Lao language in the northern area and Khmer in the south.

1.3 The future for the Northeast

The Northeastern region is the poorest region of Thailand in almost every respect except perhaps resident population. The Northeast is the hottest and driest region in Thailand with the poorest soils. This physical environment when combined with the current economic depression predicts a serious situation for the future of this region. With the economy effecting a return of seasonal labour to their villages in search of a livelihood a further depletion of already dwindling natural resources and increased social problems can be predicted for this region in the near future.

1.4 Thai NGO Development strategies

Thai NGOs adhere to the local development strategy model. throughout the last decade Thai NGOs have expressed their view that development must be people centred. In summary today there are five strategies for development;

1. People Participation in development at the village level by organising a learning process between people and people, between community and community. It is an experience learning process when people have the opportunity to visit and study from each other and to examine future possibilities to apply to their own problems. This participatory process also strengthens the village unit, forging links between villagers to strengthen the sense of community, additionally the community leaders responsibility increases and their sense of belonging and providing for their friends increases. This process ultimately develops local community groups into local community organisations which become the focus for problem solving and assistance at the village/community level.

2. Search for lessons and alternatives for social development together. Tai NGOs help search for alternatives for example the proposition of family orientated alternative agriculture for local markets instead of commercial orientated mono-cropping of export orientated crops. Thus the NGOs search for alternative to propose to the villagers directly via the process above.

3. Participation in the process to inform the public and propose policies to the government. This relies upon organising meetings and seminars, the participation in the draft process to produce the National Economic and Social Development plans, and being members of various committees together with government counterparts. Strategy is focused upon the larger and more pro government NGO than the smaller more antagonistic organisations, but clearly indicates the broad base upon which the non government organisations are founded.

4. Decentralisation of power to communities. This strategy aims to change government policies regarding the process of administration, promoting a move from central authority to devolution of power to local authorities and ultimately to local community units themselves. This strategy is born from past experience where centralisation of power often results in policies which are inappropriate at the local level in many cases. Decentralisation promotes giving people the right to self government, local management, equal access, transparency and information and the establishment of suitable local organisations. Democracy is only possible if local people participate actively in politics, and thereby influencing government policies related to local development.

Page 4 of 27

5. Creation of international allies. The principle that disadvantaged people from whatever society have lessons to learn from each other. Therefore by promoting exchange and unity assistance can arise from the mutual understanding. Thai NGOs have actively sought to develop an international alliance for NGOs. The first peoples forum 1991 and the peoples plan for the 21st century (Thailand) 1992 both involved international co-operation to identify possible solutions to universal problems being faced. they declared the intention to create trans-border networks from village, national, regional and global levels. The development of the Asia Pacific National Council for Sustainable Development (APNCSD) is another such organisation where NGOs and GOs from countries in the region meet annually to discuss progress on key development issues. Forestry and freshwater are identified as special key issues for the Asia/Pacific region.

2. HISTORY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT ORGANISATIONS

Local government organisations are of two basic types, local state government and local self government. Local state government results from government policy implementation at the local level. This implementation process or decentralisation, started in the Ayudhya period. King Boromdrilokegannat (1448-1588) selected Ayudhya as the capital city, and designated all other cities within his kingdom. For the total area under his power; Districts, Sub-districts and Villages were designated as the administrative units. This local government system remained in place until the nineteenth century.

During the reign of King Rama V (1868-1910) revised the existing government units in order of size were;

1. Region, this area was controlled by a hereditary holder the Viceroy who was designated directly by the king.

2. Monton, (or Thesaphiban) was managed by a commissioner appointed by the king.

3. Province or Cities were managed by governor’s who were civil servants.

4. District, managed by the district chief who was also a civil servant.

5. Sub-district, managed by the sub-district chief a civil servant.

6. Village was under the authority of the village headman.

In the year of 1932 the absolute monarchy was overthrown and a constitutional monarchy was established, in the following year during a process of administrative restructuring the Monton administrative level was abolished. The above structure remained in use until 1956 when the local governments were organised into the present day system of province, district, sub-district and village with civil servants appointed respectively, Governor, District chief, Sub-district chief and Village headman.

Province is designated by central government for specific regions which reach specified criterion. The province is administered from the provincial office which is the office for the provincial Governor, who is a civil servant appointed by the Interior Ministry. The governor is supported by a deputy governor and supporting staff from the ministry of Interior. The governor works in collaboration with other government Ministries and departments which have separate offices in the provincial building. The head of each of these provincial offices is then designated as an advisor to the governor and sits on relevant working committees which are usually chaired by the governor or deputy governor. The operation of the province is governed directly by policy from the central government and government ministries. At present there are 76 provinces in Thailand.

Each province is separated into a number of districts, with the Nye Amphur or district chief being the senior government representative. The district chief is an Interior ministry official who is designated by the ministry usually for a term of three years. District chiefs rarely stay in the same district consecutively with much mobility present in this position. The district chief receives policy both from the central government and from the provincial office.

Each district is subdivided into a number of sub-districts which is made up of a number of villages. The sub-district is managed by the sub-district chief or Kamnan who is selected under the jurisdiction of the Executive Service Regulation of the Kingdom of Thailand Act 1914. He is responsible for management of the sub-district

Page 5 of 27

and receives policy from central government and the district offices directly. The sub-district public health officer is selected by the provincial governor, who has experience in public health but does not necessarily have to have studies medicine or public health. The assistant to the sub-district chief is selected by the sub-district chief in agreement with the district chief. The sub-district is administered by the sub-district committee which comprises the sub-district chief, the village headmen, the health official, Teachers and one representative from each village. This committee acts as the advisory body to the sub-district chief directly.

Village as the basic administrative unit in Thailand. the village has a village headman who is selected in agreement between the district and sub-district chiefs. The village headman selects directly two assistant village headmen. The village also has a village committee headed by the village headman, the two assistants and two villagers. This committee acts in an advisory role to the village headman.

The local self government is a relatively new introduction to Thailand’s administrative organisational structure. This structure is developed to allow the local people participation in the designation and operation of local government units. The devolution of local self government date from the time of King Rama V (1868-1910). In 1897 the first local government unit in Thailand was the Sukhaphibarn or Bangkok sanitary district. Although in its first phase this organisation was dominated totally by local government officials appointed by the interior ministry. This organisation was set up in the style of a colonial style government. Up until 1932 the 35 sanitary districts established in Thailand were set up, and under the control of government officials.

In 1933 the government which abolished the absolute monarchy in 1932 set up the municipal system. All 4,800 Tambons which existed at the time were planned to become municipal sub-districts in the next two decades. However due to low budgets and government tight control, by 1945 only 113 municipalities were formed. The Phibun government then returned to sanitary " colonial" style sanitary district in urban areas. This government also established the centrally controlled provincial administrative organisations in 1955.

The Provincial Administrative Organisation (PAO) is an organisation which is a self juristic entity, or an organisation having a legal status. The initiation of PAO was primarily for areas which had the characteristics of cities or large towns. The PAO structure was legislated by the Provincial Administration Act of 1955. The PAO has two sections the;

1. Administrative section which has the governor as the executive officer and is supported by government officials form the provincial offices of government ministries and department. The administrative sections follows policy from the provincial council.

2. Legislative section, is the provincial council and the members are elected and act as the advisory body to the governor.

Municipalities were first established in 1933 and are currently legislated under the Revolutionary decrees 336, 13th December 1972. The members of the municipal district council is elected by the local people. The municipal council members then designate the president of the council. Municipal councils occur in three basic types, City municipalities, Town Municipalities and sub-district or Tambon municipalities. The municipal council has two principal sections the legislative section and the administrative. The members of the legislative committee then select suitable local people as members for the administrative committee to implement the projects and the municipal action plan.

Sanitary district is the smallest urban administrative unit. The sanitary authority was established by the Sanitary Act of 1985. The sanitary council is managed by the district chief and a committee of people made up of the following; the district sheriff, sub-district chief and nine elected local people. This sanitary district has to be registered with the Ministry of the Interior.

Since the 1960’s Thailand has experienced a period of strong economic growth. Advances in education, infrastructure and health care have occurred, but with little comparable devolution or decentralisation occurring. Although the political development of the recent past has often been interrupted by military coups the local administrative levels show no indication of local government adjustment. The only significant change in local government nationwide was the direct election of the Bangkok metropolitan administrative governor since 1985.

The smallest organisation unit of administration in Thailand is the sub-district (Tambon) council. In 1994 all Tambon Councils were revised in The Tambon Council and Tambon Administrative Organisation Act. This legislation results in the Tambon Administrative Organisations (TAO) members being directly elected by the local people, with each village electing two representative to the council. The TAO is governed by this council which is chaired by the Sub-district chief, all the village headmen, the local public health official and the two

Page 6 of 27

elected members from each village in the sub-district. The council is responsible for local economic, social, cultural development and also the preservation of the local environment and conservation of local natural resources. The TAO also has an administrative section which is chaired by the sub-district chief, 2 village chiefs and four people selected from the TAO council members. During the first session of the TAO the sub-district chief is automatically the president of the administrative section, but, after the four year period the entire council is dissolved and a new council is elected. In this and subsequent councils the president of the administrative section is selected from the elected members.

2.1 History of Non Government Organisations

During the period after world war two, Thailand faced a similar threat as many other countries in the region. the government was concerned about the threat of communism especially since the Chinese revolution of 1949. Therefore successive Thai government s have focused policy upon national identity, to promote and conserve Thai cultural heritage and prevent the in of communist doctrine. Foundations and associations of the non profit sector were viewed as organisations to support cultural heritage or simply help humanity, but not to spread ideology. In the application form to register a foundation or association, the group must state that the foundation has no political objectives and will not be involved in political activities.

The civil and commercial code promulgated since 1925 included sections on foundations and associations. Sections 81-87 are concerned with foundations and sections 1274-1297 with associations. Details concerning registration, operation and termination of foundations and associations are described in the law. However the government found this law to be inefficient. Subsequent laws were enacted in order to control non government organisations more closely from various approaches.

The initial legislation was the National Cultural Act of 1942 which provided legislation for the establishment of Foundations and Associations. This legislation was the solitary legislation concerning peoples organisations until the Trade Association and Chamber of Commerce Act of 1966. In the years after World War II, Thailand adopted a capitalistic development policy, along with anti-Communist ideology. The initial Trade Association and Chamber of Commerce Act was promulgated in 1954 when the government realised that the co-ordination of commercial activities was necessary. These

2.2 History of International NGO’s

Overseas voluntary service assistance has played some role in Thailand’s development. Overseas volunteer agencies have taken part in the development of human resources, the basic factor in the process of development. Nonetheless, the advantages of having overseas volunteers work in a country depend upon the host country’s agencies. This is because the overseas volunteers who come from different cultures have their own limitations and useful qualifications. Whether their work can be advantageous depends upon the volunteers themselves, as well as the host country’s agencies and other agencies that support the volunteers’work.

During its "developing stages", Thailand also invited foreign assistance. After 1960, when military leaders took over from the conservative, nationalistic Phibun regime, a pro-foreigner policy became quite obvious. Prime Minister General Sarit Thanarat was known for his pro-American stance as well as his lenient attitude towards the ethnic Chinese in Thailand. Government policies related to non-profit sector therefore became more supportive and less regulatory.

2.2.1 Volunteers

Thailand has received foreign volunteers since 1961. The first overseas volunteer agency in Thailand was the British Voluntary Service Overseas. It sent its first volunteers in 1961, followed by the United States Peace Corps in 1962, the New Zealand Volunteer Service Abroad in 1963, the German Volunteer Service and the Canadian University Service Overseas in 1966, and the Japan Overseas Co-operation Volunteers in 1981 (Pitsamai Khanobdi, 1984).

Assistance during the first decade was mainly in the field of education. The overseas volunteers helped teach English in secondary schools, teacher training colleges, and universities. In addition, they assisted in public health projects such as malaria eradication and medical technology. In the area of community and rural

Page 7 of 27

development, the overseas volunteers worked on projects under the Community Development Department and the Public Welfare Department.

Assistance from the 1970s up to now has been more project-oriented. The requests for overseas volunteers by the recipient agencies are related to specific projects. Such practices are advantageous to the donor volunteer agencies because they make recruiting volunteers easier. Also, site checks for considering requests are performed more easily. Furthermore, it facilitates site visits and the management of volunteer training prior to the volunteers’ field-work.

Since the 1970s, the volunteer agencies have emphasised volunteer readiness by providing pre-service training in Thai language and culture, as well as the objectives of the assigned projects. In-service training to increase the language and work skills of the volunteers has also been provided.

Overseas voluntary service assistance (in terms of number of volunteers) has diminished during the past two decades in the field of education but has increased in the field of rural development. During the same period, there has been another form of assistance, namely, financial assistance to support various rural development projects. Besides assistance in the form of volunteers, the overseas volunteer agencies have also provided financial and material assistance to support the volunteers’ work.

2.2.2 Donors

It is difficult to cover all donors providing support to non-government organisations. However, for simplicity, they may be classified as: (1) international organisations; (2) foreign governments providing funds for development activities through bilateral agreements; and (3) other non-government funding sources.

2.2.3 International Organisations

UNICEF, UNESCO, UNIFEM, WHO, and UNFPA are some of the international organisations supporting the activities of NGOs. Some are sectoral while others focus on specific target groups. These organisations have especially supported activities related to children and women. UNICEF was instrumental in implementing many of the activities for women and children at the grassroots level. UNESCO supports workshops and seminars more than action projects. UNIFEM has become more active in the Asian Region and set up and office at ESCAP a few years ago. Support for action research related to women is increasing. WHO and UNFPA support health-related and family planning projects more than other activities. UNDP and UNEP are very active in the environmental issues. Projects supported include reforestation, information dissemination, pollution control, etc.

2.2.4 Bilateral funds

In Thailand, bilateral funds have to go through the Department of Technical and Economic Co-operation (DTEC). Because of this requirement, non-profit organisations usually do not seek funds which are bilateral because it will require extra efforts to have the projects approved in terms of activities and amount of financial support for each category of activities. If the donor countries are determined to provide support for non-profit organisations bilaterally, they have to negotiate to set up a special mechanism to manage the funds. The Canadian government made arrangements to set up a Local Development Assistance Project (LDAP) in the 1980s which later became the Local Development Institute (LDI) in the 1990s.

2.2.5 Non-government funds

There are several International non-government organisations who provide support to the non-profit sector in Thailand. A number of such organisations from Germany have offices in Thailand, including The Frederic Nauman Foundation, the Frederic Ebert Foundation, the Konrad Adenauer Foundation and Terre des Hommes. They operate separately from each other and provide financial support to projects that fit well with their ideological interests, which include rural development, labour-related issues, and political structure or administrative issues.

The Ford Foundation, the Asia Foundation, CARE International, Save the Children Fund, OXFAM, CCF, PLAN and other organisations based in the United States and/or United Kingdom have also set up offices in Thailand.

International or multinational NGOs many of whom are church-based, also provide funds for NGO activities by either carrying out the activities themselves or by supporting smaller NGOs in their grassroots activities.

Page 8 of 27

2.2.6 Some recent trends

Despite friendly attitudes towards foreign volunteers, it is undeniable that in the late 1970s and early 1980s part of the tension between government and non-government organisations was caused by suspicious feelings. Many government agencies were concerned that many liberal non-profit organisations were being penetrated by foreign funders. Labour movements and advocacy activities were viewed as being initiated and financially supported from outside Thailand.

The anti-foreigner attitude mentioned above was most apparent in the 1970s, when the fear of communist ideology was still prominent. Anxiety concerning Russian penetration through scholarship awards, communist ideology in the labour movement, and Buddhism being supplanted by Christianity or other religious ideologies was expressed in newspaper articles during the period.

Because of such fears, the Department of Technical and Economic Corporation (DTEC) of the Ministry of foreign Affairs took a closer look at bilateral and international funding. Visa applications were reviewed and scrutinised carefully. Rules and regulations were tightened up. The fear lasted for about a decade and in the late 1980s the government eased it scrutiny of bilateral and international funding. At the end of the decade, the government had initiated a policy to promote internationalisation and tourism, making foreigners more welcome.

2.3 History of NGO’s in the Northeastern region

The development of NGO’s in the northeastern region had paralleled development in other regions up to the period of the Khmer rouge ascendancy in Cambodia. The period 1977-1984, was the period of initiation of international relief agencies operating in the border zone area for Cambodian refugees. In 1979 the intensification of relief agencies in the border region regarding humanitarian relief to refugees from the conflicts in Cambodia. By 1982, nine relief NGO’s combined to initiate the " Development of the Thai/Cambodian border region project." This project initially received financial assistance from the Canadian government, later other development funders provided assistance. Following from this project and the regional interest in the work of the relief NGO’s an interest in development of this region arose. This interest translated into the establishment of genuine Esan orientated NGO’s. Resulting from their work and gradual accumulation of experience, four development focus areas arose;

1. Political and economic development idea, some groups believed that for rural development to occur the community must develop economic and political awareness.

2. Traditional community idea, others believed that traditional practices could be utilised as tools for the development process.

3. Alternative development idea, for community development to occur economic, political and social factors must be integrated.

4. Public health idea, this group believed that development must focus upon primary health care provision and once established communities will development themselves.

These four ideas, directed the development work of northeastern NGO’s and resulted in a proliferation of organisations in the region. With this rapid increase in the number of NGO’s an additional factor for consideration arose, the development of organised co-operation.

In 1984 the Local Development Assistance Program (LDAP) was established to promote the formation of small locally based development organisations by providing funds. One year later in 1985 the NGO Co-ordinating Committee on Rural Development (NGO-CORD), Northeastern region was established. This network initially included 35 NGO’s with a focus upon the provinces of Surin and Khon Kaen. Almost all of the members of this network relied upon funding from foreign donors; notably, CIDA, NOIB, CEBEMO, TERRE DES HOMME, MISEROR. This resulted in a second proliferation of local NGO’s with NGO-CORD acting as advisor to introduce local groups to the LDAP funding process. The NGO-CORD organises a co-ordinating meeting each year for NGO’s in the region.

Following this period NGO’s have arisen in the region in response to particular situations. For example, the establishment of the forest policy of 1981 which specified objectives for forest cover of 40% of the country.

Page 9 of 27

This legislation enabled commercial companies to rent national reserved forest areas to establish fast growing tree plantations. This situation raised national awareness to the plight of local communities, when faced with inappropriate government policy actions. In 1986 the Community forestry project was initiated, which was the first small scale organisation in the Northeast which focused activities upon environmental conservation. Between the years 1990-1992 the government introduced a land reform scheme to declassify national reserve forest areas which had become degraded. If this degraded forest area was deemed as suitable for agriculture it could be reclassified and provided to poor landless farmers. Additional issues such as the pollution of the Phong River in Khon Kaen and the Pak Moon dam construction project all assisted to raise local, regional and national awareness and were contributing factors to the formation of local NGO’s to combat these problems. For example the Development and ecology recovery project of the Phong River watershed, the Moon river rural farmers development network, the Development and conservation of the Prom river project and Khok Yai community forestry project.

In the Northeast today there are approximately 10 small scale and numerous medium and large scale NGO’s concerned with local communities and environmental problems. For example there are now 42 organisations working with communities for the promotion and development of community forestry in the region.

3. LEGISLATION REGARDING LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTR ATIVE STRUCTURE

3.1 Provincial Administration

This is the largest administrative structure for local administration. This provincial administrative organisation is legislated by The Executive Service Regulation of the Kingdom of Thailand Act 1914, which states;

1. Existing provinces must have total areas of 10,000 km2 or larger or be of sufficient size to require local government of the provincial nature; for example remote areas with difficult access to existing provincial government.

2. For the establishment of a new province the area must be in excess of 7,000 km2

3. The population must be above 400,000 people.

4. The administrative area must include at least 2 separate districts.

5. The area must produce a local GNP in excess of 2,500,000 Baht per year.

These provincial administrations was headed by a governor in association with the respective heads of the represented government ministries at the provincial level. This management structure was appointed by central government thus the devolution was a devolution of central government power into the provinces. Due to concerns regarding provincial administrative authority ability to manage their province there have been numerous attempts to revise and devolve power to the residents of the province.

In 1955, The Provincial Administration Act was passed, this legislation upgraded all provincial administrations to Provincial Administrative Organisations (PAO). The PAO structure was organised into sections related to function and responsibility. All PAOs since established have an administrative section and a legislative section as the two fundamental sections of the PAO. The legislative section members are elected to office by the resident population of the province, and result in between 18 in the smallest province to 36 members in the largest provinces. The administrative section comprised government officials with the provincial governor being the administrative section’s leader. The administrative section under the authority of the governor has ultimate responsibility for translating government policy and legislation into provincial action plans.

This basic provincial structure has been revised and developed by numerous government policy changes and legislation. Today there are 75 provinces plus the Bangkok Metropolitan Authority.

3.2 District Administration

Page 10 of 27

This is the second level local administrative structure. And comprises two specific levels. Firstly the Minor District (King Amphur) is a prototype structure and is designated before full District (Amphur) status is designated for minor district status to be initiated the requirements is legislated by The Executive Service Regulation of the Kingdom of Thailand Act 1914, which established the minor district administrative unit as follows;

1. Each district must comprise no fewer than three sub-districts.

2. The population must exceed 10,000 people.

3. The district capital must be separated from neighbouring district centres by more than approximately 25 kilometres, and have comparable communications structures.

4. If the district does not fulfil the three above criteria correctly there must be outstanding circumstances for the district to be thus designated. For example the designation of districts in the border areas with neighbouring countries, do not have to comply with the district criterion exactly.

If a minor district is created and is deemed appropriate for administration of the area then the area can be upgraded to full district status upon achieving the following criterion;

1. The area has been a minor district for minimum of 2 years.

2. The population of the area exceeds 20,000 people.

3. The Tax revenue for the area exceeds 100,000 Baht per year.

4. The area is serviced by a market and has appropriate infrastructure and associated services.

5. The district office is constructed and functional.

6. If certain of the above criterion are not achieved then the minor district can be upgraded to a full district of there are special circumstances for this upgrade.

The district structure was subsequently revised in 1978 by the legislation contained in the Regulation of the Ministry of the Interior 1978. This act specifies that the district chief is the head of the district administration authority. The district chief is supported and assisted in administration by the district level representatives of government ministries. This staff compliment are divided in to certain work areas, with the head of the development and occupational extension officer. Who has influence and results at the village level, for example the initiation and administration of village level groups, co-operative associations, occupational associations and other community organisations.

3.2.1 Municipalities

The municipal authority was established by the municipality Act of 1933. This act has been revised on numerous occasions until today when the legislation for establishing a municipality is the revolutionary decree, number 336, 13th December 1972 which specifies municipalities of three types;

1. Sub-district municipality, requires an area that has the appearance of a town, with a population living in close proximity and a GDP which is adequate to support a municipal council. Such areas can be registered as a sub-district municipality with the Ministry of the Interior.

1. Town Municipality, refers to the urban area surrounding the provincial administrative building the Provincial hall or a population in excess of 10,000 people living in an urban situation with more than 3,000 people per Km2 and a local GDP sufficient to administer the area.

2. City municipality, refers to an urban area with a population in excess of 50,000 people living in an urban situation with more than 3,000 people per Km2 and a local GDP sufficient to administer the area.

The municipal organisation has two principal sections the legislative section and the administrative section. The members of these the legislative sections are elected by the local population with 12,18 and 24 members

Page 11 of 27

elected depending upon status as Sub-district, Town or City respectively. The members of the legislative committee then select the members for the administrative committee to implement the projects and the municipal action plan.

3.2.2 Sanitary

The sanitary authority was established by the Sanitary Act of 1985. To establish a sanitary district requires a local GDP in excess of 4000,000 Baht or constitutes the urban town area surrounding the district level office. This area should be between 1 to 4 square kilometres with a population of 1,500 people, and a shopping infrastructure in excess of 100 registered businesses. This sanitary district has to be registered with the Ministry of the Interior. The sanitary council is managed by the district chief and a committee of people made up of the following; the district sheriff, sub-district chief and nine elected local people.

3.3 Tambon (Sub-District) Administration

This is the lowest level local administrative structure. The district administrative organisation is legislated by The Executive Service Regulation of the Kingdom of Thailand Act 1914 this regulates district administration as follows;

1. The sub-district must comprise more than ten villages and a resident population in excess of 2,000 people.

2. The area must be easily administered by the sub-district chief.

3. The designation of the sub-district must be marked by natural boundaries for example; roads, rivers , etc.

4. The sub-district must generate sufficient local GDP to support administration.

5. If an area desires to form a new sub-district it must qualify all the above criterion.

The Tambon council act was revised by the Ordinance of the Ministry of the Interior 222/2499, 8th March 1956, which initiated an organisation structure which was administered locally and by the provincial administration and the PAO. The Tambon councils thus formed were a non-juristic entity and thus had no independent legal status. The resulting council had two sections the Tambon committee was responsible for administration and the Tambon council had an advisory role to the Tambon committee. The Tambon council members were elected to their positions with two representatives being selected for each village. The Tambon council was made up of local government officials including the sub-district chief and the village headmen. In 1966 the Tambon committee was dissolved with the responsibilities being transferred to the Tambon Council. In 1972 the Tambon Council was further revised by Revolutionary decree 326; 13th December 1972. This decree specified the members of the Tambon Council consists of;

1. Committee members; constituted of the Sub-district chief, Village headmen and the local Public health official.

2. Elected members; One member selected from each village.

In 1994 all Tambon Councils and Tambon Administrative Organisations were combined in The Tambon council and Tambon Administrative Organisation Act. With the first Tambon Administrative Organisation (TAO) being established in 1995. Currently there are 6,397 Tambon councils and 568 Tambon councils nationwide. Under the act a Tambon with an average income of 150,000 Baht per year for three consecutive years is entitled to become a TAO. The TAO is governed by the TAO council which is composed of the Sub-district chief, all village headmen, the local public health official and the two elected members from each village in the sub-district. The council is responsible for the areas economic, social, cultural development and also the preservation of the local environment and conservation of local natural resources. The TAO also has an administrative section which is chaired by the sub-district chief, 2 village chiefs and four people selected from the TAO council members.

Page 12 of 27

3.4 Village

This is the smallest community unit. The designation of a village is legislated by The Executive Service Regulation of the Kingdom of Thailand Act 1914 this regulates villages as;

1. Existing villages must have more than 400 resident villagers before they can be divided into the existing village and a new village.

2. If the existing village has more than 400 people but the village headman can comfortable care for the enlarged population there is no requirement for designation of a new village.

The village is managed by the village headman, two assistant village headmen and the village committee. The village committee is responsible for development of the village community.

3.4.1 The Village committee

This is the basic working structure at the village level. This committee is legislated by The Executive Service Regulation of the Kingdom of Thailand Act 1914. The village headman is chairman of the village committee with the committee separated into two subcommittees the first concerning village defence and the second for village management. Each member of the village committee is nominated by at least two villagers. The village committee acts as the advisory board to assist the village headman in his routine work. The village committee is subdivided into sections related to work areas. The village development and occupational extension section, is responsible for developing village plans and related projects to; develop the village, villager’s occupations and assist the formation of occupational associations. The work of this section focuses upon the formation of villager groups which usually include; Savings fund group, Agriculturists group, Women’s group and Youth group etc.

3.4.2 Savings fund

To facilitate village development and occupational extension activities in the village, funding support is required. thus the savings fund is often seen as a way of facilitating collaborative assistance between farmers in the same village, who wish to establish a particular activity. Savings fund development requires confidence and trust and this aspect led to the establishment of legislation which requires the group to register their activity. The legislation concerning registration is The Co-operative (No. 2) Act 1981, which specifies that the group must consist of at least 10 members. This group applies to the district co-operatives office or the provincial co-operatives office, which will assist the group and provide advice, regarding savings fund operation and administration.

3.4.3 Agriculturists, Women’s, Youth and Other Grou ps

Village development requires the participation of many villagers together therefore the idea of village group if promoted to facilitate villager to villager collaboration. This approach is more practical than working with individual villagers. The promotion of such groups comes from a number of administrative levels but is usually dependent upon, provincial, District or Sub-district plans and/or policy. This policy promotion has resulted in almost every village in Thailand having at least one such group, this has resulted in many functional group but also resulted in many groups existing in name alone, with no management and importantly having no activities within the village. Recent legislation changes have enabled such groups to register under The Co-operative (No. 2) Act 1981, which specifies that the group must consist of at least 10 members.

The group applies to the district co-operatives office or the provincial co-operatives office, which will assist the group and provide advice regarding operation and administration. For groups which do not upgrade to co-operatives status they can continue with their activity but will no longer be able to operate in a tax free status and will not be able to access government assistance as easily as previously.

Special note

Due to the economic downturn experienced in Thailand in July 1997 in a cost a saving exercise the Interior Ministry released a memo to halt further expansion and upgrading of local administrative units. This was cited as a money saving exercise and is only a temporary measure until the economy recovers.

Page 13 of 27

3.5 NGO Introduction

Non-profit Organisations are governed by the civil code, a body of law on the European Roman law system (Vitit Muntarbhorn, 1991). The code, technically known as the Civil and Commercial Code, specifies the legal purposes and method of governance for non-profit organisations. Only two such entities are legally recognised and registered by the Thai government: associations and foundations. Other terms exist, such as councils and leagues, but to acquire legal status they must register under one of the two legally acceptable terms. Unregistered organisations, including development and religious groups, may or may not be recognised by the government, but do relate to Thailand's non-profit sector, either as component or borderline entities.

3.5.1 Associations

In general, associations are governed by the Civil and Commercial Code, Sections 78-109 (1992 Revision). Section 78 of the Civil Code holds that "(a) contract of association is a contract whereby several persons agree to unite for a common undertaking other than that of sharing profits. Every association must have regulations and must be registered." There are three different types of associations: commercial/trade/employer associations, cremation associations, and general non-profit associations.

Commercial/trade/employer associations include organisations whose membership consists of commercial enterprises or individuals within commercial enterprises, but whose objectives are not profit-sharing. Example include import-export groups and commodity sales groups. They differ from other organisations in that they operate for the interest of members rather than for public. Chambers of Commerce also fall into this category.

Cremation associations are viewed as welfare organisations, attending to the basic needs of people in matters of death and cremation. Joining a cremation association is one way to assure that the death rituals are followed correctly. Cremation associations may also be attached to the Bank of Agricultural Co-operatives. These groups were established as an organising mechanism in rural areas, where the Bank conducted extensive services. In some cases, the Bank itself agreed to incorporate cremation associations as part of its normal business activities -- a strategy to attract rural customers.

General non-profit associations include all associations whose objectives do not fall under the other categories. Usually, general non-profit associations pursue cultural and social activities.

3.5.2 Foundations

Foundations are governed by the Civil and Commercial Code in Sections 110-136 (1992 Version). Section 110 defines foundations as consisting of property appropriated for charitable, religious, scientific, literary or other purposes. Traditionally, foundations are established in honour of distinguished Thai citizens to provide welfare and relief assistance to the indigenous populations, as well as promote education, culture and preservation of the cultural heritage. More recently, foundations are being established for environmental protection and economic development as well. Foundations derive their revenues primarily from donations and/or fund raising drives. They are prohibited from engaging in profit-making activities.

3.5.3 Unregistered Organisations

In addition to the two types of organisations mentioned above, unregistered non-profit groups can be organised for specific purposes but do not retain legal standing. Such organisations are known as project or working groups, units, and forums. They tend to be small, and are dedicated in public welfare, community development, and campaign advocacy issues such as human rights, the environment and cultural promotion. They may, on occasion, combine under umbrella councils or co-ordinating communities.

In general, unregistered associations operate the same way as registered associations, except they need not report to any authority. Many developmental groups prefer not to register in order to avoid reporting requirements. Although all non-profit organisations are required to register, the National Cultural Commission, who registers associations and foundations, has neither the authority nor the manpower to monitor unregistered group. Thus, it cannot initiate any actions against those who do not register. At the moment there are not sufficient incentives to encourage groups to register. In the future when government funds for non-profit sector are made available in large enough amounts, and if the government requires that recipients must be registered organisations, many of the groups will register to qualify for funds.

Page 14 of 27

3.6 Registration Procedure

Non-profit associations were first ordered to register with the government under the National Cultural Act of 1942. According to the Act, the National Cultural Commission of the Ministry of Education is responsible for examining the objectives and monitoring activities of foundations and associations. However, the actual registration is under the responsibility of the Ministry of the Interior, i.e., the Police Department and the Department of Local Administration. The basic registration procedures for most associations and foundations are laid out in the relevant sections of the Civil and Commercial Code.

3.6.1 Associations

General non-profit associations, established for cultural and social purposes, must register with the National Cultural Commission in Bangkok, or the provincial governor's office in other provinces. In the past, an applicant had to specify that it would not engage in political activities on the original application form or the authorities would not allow the association to register. In 1992, the authorities revised the phrase to refer to activities seen as a threat to national security. The following information must be included in the registration: (1) name of association: (2) objectives; (3) office location; (4) membership requirements; (5) fees; (6) details on election of board members (term, number, meeting); (7) management account system, capital and assets; and (8) requirement for general annual meeting. By definition, all associations must have memberships, and their boards of directors must be elected from among that membership. They must hold at least one annual meeting to which all members are invited. Furthermore, the agenda for this meeting must include an election for the board, presentation of an annual report, an annual budget, and a statement of expenditures certified by a qualified account (which must later be submitted to the National Cultural Commission). Internal regulations must be clearly identified and must include organisational objectives, membership qualifications, fees and bylaws pertaining to the association's activities, such as board electoral procedures.

Commercial associations are registered with the Department of Internal Trade, Ministry of Commerce, or with provincial governors outside of Bangkok. Since these commercial associations differ from philanthropic and social welfare associations, they are registered under the Trade Association Act and Chamber of Commerce Act of 1966, not under the Civil and Commercial Code. Commercial associations are obligated to report income and expenditures annually too the trade associations registrar, and to file minutes of annual meetings. The registration requirements for commercial associations are the same as for non-profit associations. However, the objectives may include provisions for consulting and information services to members.

Cremation associations are registered with the Department of Public Welfare, previously at the Ministry of Interior and now at the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare. The Cremation Welfare Act 1974 gives the Department of Public Welfare the authority to oversee activities of cremation associations throughout the country. To register, an association must have the objective of assisting with the cremation of the bodies of decreased members. No other activities are allowed.

3.6.2 Foundations

The establishment of foundations is similar to the registration of associations. Applications must be submitted to the National Cultural Commission in Bangkok, or to the provincial governors' offices which forward them to the National Cultural Commission. Following the initiate approval of an organisation’s registration, the founders must secure clearance and approval of certain documents from either the provincial governors' office or the Police Department in Bangkok. This is in order to make the foundation a legal entity. These documents must include a profile of the foundation, its objectives, location and other data. As it the case with associations, in the application for registration (before the 1992 revision), the foundation must maintain at least 100,000 baht in cash and 100,000 baht in assets. Foundations who do not want to prove that their activities concern the public interest must maintain at least 500,000 baht in assets.

After registering, foundations must submit the minutes of their board meeting and personal biographies of their directors. The qualifications of director and manager, meeting schedules, and annual reports are also subject to government regulations. They must be a governing board of foundation responsible for carrying out activities of the foundation accordance with its specified objectives. The foundation must notify the authorities if there are changes in the board membership. The board may ask for permission to revise the objectives of the foundation if necessary. Qualified accountant must certify the foundation's accounting system.

Page 15 of 27

3.7 Tax and Fund Raising Issues

In general, foundations and associations do not pay income tax for membership fees, donations, and interest income. To qualify for tax exempt status, an organisation must be a registered association or foundation. In addition, the organisation must have been in existence for more than three years, and its books must be endorsed by a certified accountant during the period. Salaries paid to employees are not tax exempt. If tax exempt status is granted, income from rent and sales of goods may also be exempted if the income is used for public objectives.

Donations by individuals to registered foundations are tax deductible if the foundations have official tax exempt status. The amount deductible cannot exceed 10 percent of an individual's earning. For corporations, donations are tax deductible only when made to the qualified organisations that have been in existence for at least three years. Corporations can deduct two percent of their income based on donations for education and sports activities. The Fund Raising Control Act prohibits the exchange of money for goods or for services at specified rates. It also prohibits fund raiding which will threaten national security or the morals of society. Fund raising activities must have approval from Fund Raising Committee of the government.

3.8 The National Cultural Act 1942

In 1942-1943 the National Cultural Act was promulgated, stating that the National Cultural Commission of the Ministry of Education be responsible for examining the objectives and monitoring activities of foundations and associations. However, actual registration is the responsibility of the Ministry of Interior, under the Police Department and the Department of Local Administration.

1. Trade Association and Chamber of Commerce Act 1966. After World War II and after Thailand adopted a capitalistic "development policy" along with an anti-Communist ideology, the government decided to promote a control commercial activities. As has been mentioned already, the Chinese who were involved in different trades organised non-profit organisations based on speech group and clan associations to establish networks among themselves. An earlier Trade Association and Chamber of Commerce Act was promulgated in 1954 after the government realised that co-ordination of commercial activities was necessary. Formerly all associations were registered according to the Civil and Commercial Code. But since the nature of commercial associations differ somewhat from philanthropic and social welfare associations, the government promulgated the Trade Association Act and the Chamber of Commerce Act.

All trade associations are required to register either with the Development of Internal Trade in Bangkok or with provincial governors outside of Bangkok. Income and expenditure must be trade association register. Chambers of Commerce are considered one form of trade associations where corporate firms join together under the umbrella of the chamber, based on the location of the corporate firms.

2.) Cremation Welfare Act 1974. The need for local welfare activities was strongly felt, and cremation associations were formed at the village and district levels throughout the country. During 1960-1974, when Thailand was under military rule, the government was fighting communism and government projects included development of infrastructure facilities such as roads, dams schools, health centres, etc. Social welfare were not introduced sufficiently and the social welfare support were seen most clearly in the formation of cremation associations, in which members of the associations at the village level pay for cremation cost other members who died. This arrangement is to guarantee that when one dies, the body will be taken care of properly by members of the association. But because of fear of communist infiltration into the associations, the Cremation Welfare Act was promulgated in 1974 to give the Department of Public Welfare the authority to oversee activities of cremation associations throughout the country.

3.) The Labour Relations Act 1975. The Labour Relations Act 1975 must be considered the first Labour Law of Thailand. Before that there were 3 Revolutionary Laws related to labour drawn up by military dictatorships that ruled Thailand under Revolutionary Decrees and Laws. Labour Law No. 3 or Revolutionary Laws 103 was a revision of the earlier two laws and was promulgated in 1972. The Labour Relations Act 1975 came out during a "democratic" government following the 1973 student-led coup d tat. The law states that labour unions and employers' associations are established and must register at the Department of Labour. Federations of labour unions and federations of employer associations may also be established under this law.

Page 16 of 27

Summary of Types of NGOs Allowed under Thai Governm ent Regulations

3.9 International NGOs in Thailand

Concerning international NGOs which wish to work in Thailand they must first receive permission from the International NGO evaluation committee. This committee is regulated by the Ministry of the Interior regulation International NGO’s in Thailand 1987 which was subsequently revised in 1992. This committee works in collaboration with many government ministries, and hence the committee members come from these ministries. The office and secretariat is within the department of employment, Ministry of Interior. In 1993 a restructuring exercise of the Thai government system took place and the department of employment was relocated to within the ministry of Labour and social welfare. Therefore the regulation for the committee was revised with policy derived from the ministry of labour and social welfare. Therefore the regulation of the ministry of labour and social welfare concerning international NGO was completed in the middle of 1998. This regulation took five years to be put into force. This regulation specifies criterion which governs international NGO which are permitted to work in Thailand; these are;

2. Must be non profit making and have no political affiliations

3. Their objectives must assist the general population, or local NGOs or government agencies.

The objectives of the organisation must be acceptable with the government policies for social development and national security. Or the objectives of this organisation must not oppose any government policies.

The work of International NGOs in Thailand is varied and therefore the requirements and regulations which control their work are numerous and varied they range from NGOs who wish to establish and office and base in Thailand, to NGO who just wish to organise a seminar or meeting in Thailand. depending upon their participation in Thailand the regulations they must follow include;

1. International NGO who wish to establish an office in Thailand;

The NGO must submit their written objectives of the organisation, policy, projects or programs, the names of the executive board, their funding income and source of funding and a supporting statement from the parent organisation, their embassy or consulate. If the International NGO is established in Thailand informally they require a letter of support from their respective embassy or consulate, and a letter of support from the parent organisation.

2. International NGO not working directly in Thailand but supporting work here via funding;

Objectives of this funding, activities the funding will support, Document stating this organisation is an International NGO form their embassy or consul, and details of the project to which funding will be provided.

Type Registrar Law

Foundation Ministry of Interior and the National Cultural Commission

Civil and Commercial Code Section 81-97.

National Cultural Act 1942.

Association Director-General of the Department of Police and the National Cultural 1942 Commission

Civil and Commercial Code Section 1247-1297.

National Cultural Act 1942.

Trade Director-General of the Association Department of Interior

Commercial Association Trade Act 1966

Cremation Association

Director-General of the Department of Public Welfare

Cremation Welfare Act 1974.

Labour Union Ministry of Interior, Department of Labour

Labour Relations Act 1975

Page 17 of 27

3. International NGO who wish to organise a seminar in Thailand;

Objectives of the seminar, names of the presenters and participants in the meeting, topic of the seminar and Agenda.

4. International NGO who wish to provide funding support for a seminar or meeting in Thailand, organised by another organisation;

The organisation must request permission for the seminar at least thirty days before the seminar clearly stating the funding organisation.

The International NGO receive permission for a period of two years to undertake their activities, and there is no requirement to be linked to a Thai organisation. But must follow the application agreement, the procedures specified by the committee, and within the laws of Thailand. The International NGO must also evaluate the project and programme and submit a report detailing their progress every six month period. If the International NGO does not follow the agreement, the committee can request their revision within a specified period. If the international NGO does not revise their activity in line with the committees recommendations the committee can cancel specified activities or terminate the entire programme.

Today there are 27 international NGOs working in Thailand. These international NGOs can apply to become a foundation or association if they so wish, but they must specify a Thai citizen or organisation to be their representative to support this application. The number of international NGOs working in Thailand mainly reports organisations who have established an office here in Thailand, the majority of international NGOs that organise seminars or training courses tend to organise these in the name of a Thai counterpart agency as the procedure is relatively simple. In reality this should be undertaken via the above mentioned procedure but in practice this rarely happens as reported in the records held for international NGO activities in Thailand.

4. GOVERNMENT SUPPORT AND GO-NGO RELATIONS

Co-operation between the government and the non-profit sector was recorded for the first time in 1960. The Department of Public Welfare in the Ministry of Interior and a group of NGOs conceived and initiated a move towards better co-ordination between GOs and NGOs in delivering philanthropic and welfare services to the people, as well as in providing a co-ordination centre for such services. As a result, the National of Social Welfare of Thailand was established in 1960. Government support included securing both the infrastructure and the funding. The Council presently continues to receive financial support annually. Currently, there are approximately 600 member organisations. It must be noted here that early GO-NGO co-operation was not viewed positively by all parties, Members of the National Council of Social Welfare have been labelled as pro-government NGOs whose activities are philanthropic and welfare-oriented, in contrast to more liberal groups which are development-oriented.

The relationship between the non-profit sector and the state has been quite strained. The government has not developed strategies to monitor activities of non-profit organisations. According to regulations. Non-profit organisations are supposed to submit to the Office of the National Cultural Commission reports of their activities as well as financial accounting every year. But in practice, the neither the Office of the National Cultural Commission nor the police have resources to even check if the organisations actually submitted such report. On the other hand, before 1990s government officials have been trained to look at non-profit organisations with suspicion, even philanthropic organisations.

There are two types of suspicion: political and moral. Some groups have disguised themselves as non-profit organisation in order to carry out underground political work. On the other hand, other associations operation as social clubs have become involved in gambling or other illegal activities. Furthermore, it is also possible for non-profit organisations to request tax exemption privileges in order to import equipment to use in activities for profit. Among the more recently established organisations, grassroots organisations and advocacy groups are also suspect because of their political ideologies. At the moment, the fear of communism is decreasing but the role of these organisations in performing advocacy activities remains a threat to government stability, Since 1992, the government has been allowing advocacy groups to operate. The application regulation and form have been revised, Stating that the organisation will not carry out activities threatening to national security instead of a statement prohibiting all types of political activities, This change allows for advocacy activities to be carried out.

Page 18 of 27

In 1981 the Thai Government made efforts to establishing relationships with the development-oriented NGOs to prepare for the formulation of the Fifth National Economic and Social Development Plan(1982-1986). The Office of the National and Social Development board(NESDB) held a consultation with a small number (12) of private-sector organisations, including non-profit, voluntary, and development-oriented organisations. Later in the same year, NGOs assembled in a conference(seminar) to discuss rural development strategies, which included the issue of NGO-GO co-ordination. Forty-five NGOs participated and concluded with two major resolutions. The first was to submit a letter to the Minister of Interior informing him about the seminar’s outcome and recommendations. One of the recommendations was to set up a joint GO-NGO committee to work on community development policy and strategies, and the provision by the government of support in kind to NGOs. The second resolution was to set up an NGO-Conference Follow-up Committee to follow up on the seminar’s resolution and recommendations. The Committee organised a seminar on " Co-operation between GOs and NGOs on Rural Development" in 1982, attended by 27 NGOs and GOs. In 1983, another NGO conference was designed as a second national conference, along the lines of the 1981 conference. The second conference was attended by 39 NGOs and GOs. The participants reconsidered the draft proposal to set up a GO-NGO joint committee and finally agreed to form one.

In 1984, with the introduction of the Village Development Fund Project by the National Committee for Co-ordination on Rural Development, a joint GO-NGO Task Force on Rural Development was established as an ad hoc committee chaired by the Director of the National co-ordination Centre on Rural Development. As part of the Committee’s discussion on procedures and practical mechanisms for co-ordination, a need for such mechanisms within and among the various NGOs became apparent. As a result, it was decided that the NGO component of the Task Force should explore and resolve the issue. Consequently, with the encouragement and endorsement of the National Co-ordination Centre on Rural Development, a series of regional NGO conferences took place, culmination in a National NGO Conference on Rural Development in December 1985, The Conference resolved to establish an NGO Co-ordination Committee in Rural Development (NGO-CORD). Representatives from each of the five regions, previously elected at regional-level conferences, became the first members of the Board of NGO-CORD. The NGO-CORD has since been recognised in practice as a co-ordination body for development-oriented NGOs. One major objective of the NGO-CORD is to force links between NGOs and government organisations.

Increased recognition of the role of NGOs in rural development led to the inclusion of the statement in the Sixth five-year Development Plan (1987-1991) that : " the private sector should actively participate in rural development". While the actual participation of NGO-CORD in the Fifth Plan was minimal - due mainly to the short period of time the NGO-CORDs formation and the Plan’s formulation - participation in the design of the Seventh Plan has considerably increased. The NGO-CORD has been invited to participate in national working groups and planning committees on various issues national forestry policy, social security, and AIDS. The Seventh National Development Plan (1992-1996) recognised the role of the non-profit sector, including both economic/business organisations and philanthropic/social development organisations. Under the section on " The development of Human Resources, Life Quality, Environment and Natural Resources", statements encouraging participation by the private non-profit sector include :

Promote private sector investment.

Extension training provision and facilitation.

Campaign for AIDS health education.

Co-ordination mechanism for moral and spiritual development.

Provide social welfare.

Foster consolidation of the established network system.

In addition to these policies, the government also allocated funds to the National Cultural Commission Office to distribute to non-profit organisation with worthwhile development projects.

It has become quite clear that in the 1990s non-profit organisations in Thailand will have a substantial role in the area of social development as the country becomes more industrialised. The adverse impacts of industrialisation activities on the people have been recognised by everyone. NGO-CORD members, other non-profit organisations, and various community leaders have convinced the NESDB to give full attention to the development of people as human beings and not as human resources. The concept of " participation" has also been recognised. During the formation of the Eighth National Development Plan during 1994-1995, the

Page 19 of 27

government invited NGOs to participate quit actively in the drafting process. The recognition of NGOs role has been viewed as a positive sign by all concerned. However, the relationship between GOs and NGOs needs further improvement.

At present there are many government agencies which work with the NGO sector, especially in the field of community development and the environment. Therefore NGOs in these fields have to contact the various government agencies on a regular basis. The government agency with direct responsibility for NGOs and with whom all registered NGOs are involved with at least once in their existence if the National Cultural Commission.

4.1 National Cultural Commission (NCC)

This commission is part of the Ministry of Education, and is responsible for the registration of all NGOs in Thailand. The regulation governing this process of registration is the National Cultural Act of 1942 which was revised by version 2 of 1943. This law states that all NGOs created must be in the format of a Foundation or Association only. The role of the NCC is to assess the merits and values of the proposed NGO, check whether this NGO replicates an NGO already established and ensure the proposed NGO confirms with all relevant legislation. If the NGO passes this scrutiny then for an Association it must be passed to the Department of the Police, whereas a foundation must register with the Interior Ministry.

The NCC has a division for special organisations which will be responsible for communication with NGOs directly. This division comprise five sections;

1. Extension and Co-ordination section, responsible for providing and administering Tax free status to all registered NGO’s, and provide funding to supply equipment to NGOs.

2. NGO Personnel Development Section, organises training sessions for staff from registered NGOs and co-ordinate and supply volunteers to requesting NGOs in an effort to improve the quality of NGOs.

3. Registration section, receives and maintains database of current NGOs and supplies and advises prospective NGOs information concerning the registration process.

4. Service section, provide news and information concerning NGOs to any interested parties.

5. Documentation section, keep record of registered NGOs, their work and update data concerning NGO activities.

4.2 Department of Rural Development (DED)

The Department of Rural Development is a department within the Ministry of the Interior, which has the role of developing rural communities. This department has many sub-offices and rural development officers at the provincial and district levels. Due to the department specific responsibility it is often perceived as the government department which works closest with the poorest developing communities. Thus when NGO’s are involved

in such communities they often have to work closely with this department, but this association only as co-operation with no actual shared responsibility. Therefore the usual mode of co-operation takes the form of;

1. Sharing news.

2. Experience

3. Introducing the NGO to a village which has already worked with the DRD.

4. But concerning the funding or support of NGO activities there is no functional support mechanism.

Page 20 of 27

Although when concerning the interest of support funding from foreign donors the DED acts as the local facilitator and partner in the support process. The DED will introduce the activities of the government for the purpose of direct funding and development loans. Thus many NGO’s work close in the process of securing development loans for example under the current conditions of the IMF rescue agreement for the Thai economy.

4.3 The Department of Co-operatives Extension

The Department of Co-operative Extension is a department within the Ministry of Agriculture and Co-operatives. In the process of developing local village groups including; village farmers group, women’s group and youth group, monetary management is often required, especially when the group is established in support of an economic activity. In such a situation the group must establish a co-operative in line with current legislation.

Thus for a local co-operative group to be formed the local branch of the co-operative department either at district or provincial level is responsible for nurturing this co-operative. The group must contact their local co-operative office to enable this support process to begin. The local co-operatives office will provide the following support

1. Evaluate and survey available information to determine the viability of establishing a co-operative organisation. The co-operative organisation will introduce the most suitable method for this group to achieve co-operative status.

2. If the documentation is acceptable and all aspects are complete the co-operative is ready to be initiated.

3. The co-operative will then be trained in appropriate techniques including methodology, regulations and reporting procedure.

The department of co-operative extension will send the resulting documents to the registrar of co-operatives to approve the co-operative proposal. The co-operative thus formed must send an annual report of activities and the minutes of the annual meeting each year. The audit and evaluation of each co-operative will thus identify if problems exist. If problems are identified then it is the responsibility of the department to assist the co-operative to find suitable solutions. If the co-operative does not follow the proposed recommendations within 30 day the co-operative can be disbanded.

Therefore the process of development most often used by NGO’s concerned with rural development and poverty alleviation is by developing collaborative structure or groups. Under previous legislation these groups could exist as such and receive support from government agencies such as the department of Agricultural extension, after the NGO had terminated project support. But since changes in legislation this support is no longer provide unless the group has achieved co-operative status. therefore the exchange between development NGO and the Department of co-operatives Extension is seen to increase in the future.

4.4 Department of Environmental Quality Promotion ( DEQP)

This department is located within the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment (MOSTE). This agency acts as the registrar of all NGO’s working in the field of the environment. In the process of requesting registration the NGO must already have achieved foundation or Association status. Therefor the great wealth of unregistered NGO’s are excluded form this registration process. When an NGO requests registration the DEQP will check the suitability of their submitted documents. If the NGO is based in Thailand the evaluation process will request relevant information regarding legal status from the National Cultural Commission, whereas if the NGO is an International based organisation the DEQP will request relevant information regarding status from the Police department.

The process of registering with the DEQP will enable the organisation to receive assistance from both the MOSTE and their commercial partners. The NGO will be able to advertise their work and experience and will be introduce to potential funding sources from the Environment Fund of the Royal Thai Government. Concerning assistance to the NGO the DEQP has volunteer staff who can support the NGO for limited

Page 21 of 27

periods in its work. This additionally enable the DEQP to keep a supervisory eye upon the NGO and its activities, in a regular and informal manner. Although this evaluation process is not possible will all registered NGOs. In this case the NGO must submit a detailed yearly report and the minutes of their annual meeting. Although the effectiveness of this entire process must be questioned as several large NGOs including the Population and Community Development Association has not submitted reports for the last three years.

At present there are 96 registered NGOs and 3 NGOs in the process of registering with the DEQP. The DEQP has also established an NGO assembly concerning the environment and natural resource conservation. This assembly has an office at DEQP and have regular meetings each month starting in October 1998. this assembly enables participating NGOs to share experience and assist each other, unfortunately this assembly only has 47 active participants out of 96 members. This assembly allows the DEQP to monitor and evaluate the work and progress of the NGOs in an informal way. Several NGO’s which have not registered with the DEQP, for various reasons, are permitted to attend these meeting although in reality such NGOs are yet to attend.

4.5 The Office of the Environment Fund

This office of the Environment Fund administers the government’s environmental funding support which is distributed from the environment fund. The fund itself is managed by the environmental fund committee which is made up of senior officials from several government agencies. Although the office of the environment fund’s day to day responsibilities rest with the Office of Environmental Policy and Planning (OEPP) of MOSTE. The OEPP assist many DEQP registered NGOs in the process of securing funds. This is a important stimulus for many NGOs to seek registration with the DEQP. In the process of writing project proposals the project analysis section f the OEPP will assist and help the NGO in all stages of realising the project. Therefore this assistance and advice from the OEPP is fundamental in many NGOs receiving support from the Environment Fund Committee. The OEPP is also responsible for the monitoring and evaluation of all projects resulting from environment fund support. In the process of final evaluation there are two techniques used;

1. Progress reports are submitted every three months. If problems are identified the NGO must remedy the situation.

1. The OEPP staff evaluate the project directly, by using questionnaires, interviews and observation.

If problems are identified, especially in regards to the project not following the project proposal the offending NGO will be excluded from future funding support. Although to date this situation is yet to occur. This is usually because the NGO is given plenty of assistance during the auditing process.

5. CO-ORDINATION BETWEEN NGOs

5.1 NGO-Co-ordination Committee on Rural Developmen t (NGO-CORD)

NGO CORD was formed in 1983 with a membership of 106 organisations. Now there are approximately 220 member organisations, who may or may not be registered, NGO-CORD itself is not registered. However, the National Economic and Social Development Board encouraged and supported its formation. It is now recognised by several government organisations and funding agencies as a major representative of the Thai NGO community. The government has asked it to actively participate in the formulation of the national 5-year plans as well as to serve as member of several working groups and subcommittees on various development issues. Because of its large membership and regional diversity, regional NGO-CORDs have been established for better co-ordination and flexibility. NGO-CORD has the following objectives;

1. To establish good relationships among non-profit organisations and enhance the roles of voluntary groups working on rural development.

2. To promote understanding and co-operation between non-profit organisations and government bodies working on rural development.

3. To establish links between non-profit organisation, government organisations, and the general public to

Page 22 of 27

encourage all three to join forces in rural development work.

There are three main types of committees in NGO-CORD. The first are the Regional Committees, of which there is one for each of the five regions (The North, Northeast, South, Central and Bangkok). The second is the National Committee, consisting of ten organisations. There are 22 representatives on the National Committee. The non-profit organisations in each region select their own representatives to sit on the National Committee. The last is the Executive Committee which is made up of five representatives from the National Committee. The Regional Committees hold meeting every month, and the Executive Committee holds meetings twice a month.

NGO-CORD is small and though it is still seeking an appropriate organisation structure, it is a powerful organisation. It runs on small funds from the LDI. It sets up meeting and seminars among member organisations at regional and national levels If focuses on promoting co-operation in rural development and campaign advocacy issues such as opposition to dams, environmental protection, and central government bodies and link with local people’s organisations. NGO-CORD tries to strengthen the work of non-profit organisations and co-ordinate among member organisations, the government.

Member organisation of NGO-CORD range from community research and development projects (e.g. the Community Research Project, attached to the Social Research Institute of Chiang Mai University, and the Kilns for Palm Sugar Project promoted by the Prince of Songkhla University) to large national consortia such as the National Council of Women of Thailand. Since Thai non-profit organisations encompass formal and informal groups, both temporary and permanent in nature, it is difficult to estimate accurately the number of development-oriented organisations at any given time. New organisations emerge and old ones disappear constantly. NGO-CORD publishes and distributes newsletters to disseminate information about member organisation and their activities.

Networks are established to co-ordinate work and to develop the strength of the participating organisations. In this process of forming networks usually they share either a common cause or they are geographically close. NGO-CORD works primarily with NGOs, assisting with identifying funders to support the membership. Introducing network members and providing communication support for NGOs , also looking for additional support for membership organisations. The administration of NGO-CORD is separated into a regional basis as follows;

1. Northern region

2. Lower North and Central region

3. Northeast region

4. Southern region

5. Bangkok.

For each region there is an administrative committee with members elected from the membership to office, usually being elected according to fields of work. The committee is elected every 2 years. The central NGO-CORD organisation is established thus;

1. Elected from the NGO-CORD national assembly

2. The assembly is organised every two years.

Concerning NGO-CORD, Northeastern region, there are currently 75 membership organisations. Of which 63 NGOs are paid members while 12 NGOs are included free, this situation reflects the financial capability of the members and if they have financial difficulties they can still be admitted free.

NGO-CORD has the responsibility to develop the membership network and strengthen individual members. Currently NGO-CORD Northeastern region manages nine subject-based networks these are;

1. Alternative agriculture.

2. Natural resources.

Page 23 of 27

3. Community organisations.

4. Handicrafts and women’s development.

5. Community business.

6. Human Rights.

7. Slum issues.

8. Children’s organisations.

9. AIDS.

The small Project Review Committee (PRC) has the responsibility to develop strategy, policy and techniques for operation of small projects in the northeastern regions. And assess project proposals for suitability. This committee also monitors and evaluates projects which have been initiated.

The Esan Community Institute, is responsible to develop small organisations capacity and develop their working capability.

The Esan fund, identify problems and solutions and advertise the findings as well as provide funding support.

NGO-CORD (Northeastern region) has meeting every three months and meetings for the membership once per year. NGO CORD establishes networks via organisations attendance and participation with NGO-CORD. And NGOs that receive funding via NGO-CORD. These two groups are closely related and they will be promoted to contact and network outside the rigid timetable of NGO-CORD itself. Often non member NGOs are invited to attend in NGO-CORD activities or meetings in the process of enlarging the membership and broadening the experience base of the network.

5.2 The Thai Volunteer Service Foundation (TVS)

The Thai Volunteer Service Foundation (TVS) is a non-profit organisation established to serve the development needs of the country, On April 5th, 1980,19 non-government organisations focusing on development work met. They established the Thai Volunteer Service Program with the objective of helping find solutions to problems faced by development NGOs. These problems included : lack of experienced, capable, and dedicated personnel ; lack of funds and other resources for development activities ; lack of co-ordination among NGOs ; and insufficient co-ordination between NGOs and government agencies.

During the initial phases, the project was located at the Chulalongkorn University Social Research Institute. It was an independent project having its own board of administration and seeking its own funds, The project was then university in 1992. There are approximately 40 members organisations that request volunteers and join in activities organised by TVS on a regular basis. They are thought of as TVS network members.

The original objectives of the project were to establish an organisation to provide support to non-government organisations working on development activities. Support means training volunteers, institution building, and financial support if necessary, TVS specialise in volunteer training. TVS recruits volunteers in co-operation with NGOs who request volunteers. There are two main steps in the recruitment process. TVS makes a public announcement and identifies persons appropriate for volunteer work by reviewing application forms and curriculum vitae. Then, the applicants who pass the first round are interviewed jointly by TVS and the NGOs requesting applicants. In addition, TVS assesses the development situation regularly to identify development activities to be promoted and issues requiring further advocacy work. This is to ensure that TVS responds to the needs of the NGOs promptly.

From the beginning, TVS has also tried to help strengthen development-oriented NGOs by organising technical skills training programs needed by small NGOs to enable then to manage program activities adequately. In addition, training in organisational management skills is also offered when the need arises.

The formal objectives of TVS are as follows :

Page 24 of 27

1. To enable and help improve the capabilities of dedicated individuals with public interest so these individuals have the opportunity to work as volunteers in community development and other social development activities.

2. To promote efficiency in the management and personnel development of non-government organisations.

3. To promote co-ordination between non-government organisations and between non-government and government organisations.

4. To co-operate with individuals and organisations to identify proper direction for community development and social development in Thailand.

Since 1985, after establishing its reputation for volunteer training and institution building, TVS has shifted its activities more toward the co-ordination of non-profit organisations through the advocacy of development issues. TVS works with other organisation to carry out research activities aimed at collecting baseline data to improve the planning of advocacy activities. TVS research and advocacy activities are often seen in the issues publicised by seminars and meetings organised jointly with academic institutions or other groups. Through seminars and workshops, TVS and its partners try to influence certain government policies, such as policies on resource management, infrastructure construction, and the government’s decentralisation schemes. Finally TVS works closely with both the Local Development Institute and the NGO Co-ordinating Committee, to be discussed in the following paragraphs.

5.3 The Local Development Institute (LDI)/ Local De velopment Foundation (LDF) and Its Networks

This umbrella organisation is an NGO co-ordination and management model that evolved from other trial models. In Thailand, bilateral funds have to go through the Department of Technical and Economic Co-operation (DTEC). Because of this requirement, NGOs usually so not seek funds which are bilateral because this will require extra effort to have the projects approved in terms of activities and amount of financial support for each category of activity. If the donor countries are determined to provide support for non-profit organisations bilaterally, they have to negotiate to set up a special mechanism to manage the funds.

The Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) tried using various methods to channel the funds to non-profit organisations in Thailand, At first, the Local Development Assistance Project (LADP) started operating in the late 1980s. It was housed in the CIDA office at the Canadian Embassy. It set up a committee to review and approve projects submitted for funding. Funds were delivered to non-profit organisations directly after approval. A monitoring and evaluation mechanism for each project was also included as part of the program.

Later, LDAP evolved to become the Local Development Institute (LDI) and the Local Development Foundation (LDF), LDI is to function as a Thai non-government organisation operating under Thai law, having flexible and responsive mechanisms that allow it to co-ordinate various organisations and networks. It is also designed to synthesise research findings and practical experiences into a relevant body of knowledge and policy applicable at the national level. LDF, created together with LDI, is LDI’s operating arm. Based on the objectives of LDAP and the Department of Technical and Economic Co-operation (DTEC) managed to arrive at a mutual understanding that the GO-NGO working relationships are to be characterised by co-ordination and co-operation, not by control. As a result, LDF/LDI now functions as an NGO with a reasonable degree of autonomy and initiative of its own. Since it is a CIDA-funded government-to-government co-operation project, LDF/LDI is accountable to CIDA as funding agency, to DTEC as the agency overseeing external assistance, and to the National Education Commission (NEC) in its capacity as LDI’s official sponsor. Representatives from all three government agencies, together with LDF as recipient of funds, form the core of the Project Steering Committee with responsibility for overall project management.

LDI invites proposals for grassroots development activities annually. LDI has established networks of non-profit organisations working on grassroots development activities in the country’s different regions. The proposals are reviewed and improved upon by the regional subcommittees before final approval by the Project Steering Committee. Projects are monitored by regional subcommittees with visits from the Project Steering Committee. In addition, LDI also works with regional universities on research projects identified as essential to the development of the region and the country.

Page 25 of 27

6. INFORMAL NETWORKS

In some areas networks are established on an informal basis. These networks rely upon organisations with similar ideology and a firm belief in the strengths and benefits of networking or working together. These organisations benefits from sharing and helping each other rather than being organised together in an alliance. These informal networks are organised between NGO’s with similar objectives and similar ideology and working operation. These networks often rely upon formal type meetings being held to provide a pathway for exchange of ideas and to keep the network up to date with each others issues.

6.1 Environmental Protection and Conservation Netwo rks

The rapidly increasing interest in environmental issues during the past decade has led to the formation of many environmental organisations. Some are based in the countryside while others are based in Bangkok. Most of the non-profit organisations working in environmental issues are newly established. They include, for example, the Thai Environment and Community Development Association, better know as " Magic Eyes" ; the Sueb Nakasethien Foundation for the cause of forestry conservation; the Project on Ecological Recovery, a vocal group that advocates environmental issues very actively; and many other groups who work for the conservation of specific areas.

There is no single organisation functioning as a co-ordinating body among NGOs working on environmental issues. When co-ordination is needed, they work via NGO-CORD or directly. Yet during the last decade, networking has become the dominant feature of non-government organisations working on specific issues crossing national borders. The groups working on " alternative development" utilise the concept of " mobilisation" as a tool to bring people together. Mobilisation is the process of making people aware of alternative community development activities different from conventional ones. Therefore, Thailand’s environmental groups have formed a coalition and several networks. The Environment NGO Coalition, founded in 1990, initiates action on certain issues.

Starting in 1990, the NGO Coalition organised an annual meeting to discuss environmental issues. A group of environment-oriented NGOs organised a joint public forum call " Environment’33 during 1990. Since then, there has been a meeting every year with the title " Environment’ 34," " Environment’35," etc. The number of members of the NGO Coalition group has reached more than 40, an increase from its initial membership of 32.

In 1992, Thailand’s non-profit organisations initiated the " People’s Plan for the 21st Century Campaign" to discuss alternative development strategies They also organised the People’s Forum held in Bangkok in 1992. There were preparatory meetings, followed by the actual People’s Forum during the World Bank and IMF meetings. The People’s Forum had an impact because it conveyed the message that the development activities planned by the World Bank and IMF for the development world were unacceptable to the non-profit organisations. In a similar manner, networks of environmental groups have also organised movements against dam construction and exotic species reforestation plans.

Environment-oriented non-profit organisations are not homogeneous. They are very diverse in character, ranging from the pure conservationists (conserve plants and animals, no matter what) who are not concerned with social impacts, to those interested mostly in the social impacts of development. This diversity may be the reason for the loosely organised form of coalition and its lack of a co-ordinating body. Due to a lack of any common ground they cannot agree amongst themselves as to how to work together, only their work concerning the environment forms the loose basis upon which the " Environment" forums are organised.

6.2 Community Organisations(CO) and NGOs

Local government organisations have no legislative requirements to work in co-operation with locally based NGO’s and there is no formal structure which organises such co-operation, although the policy for local organisations promotes any co-operation that may occur. NGO which is working in the COs area will probably have close association with the Tambon Administrative Organisation (TAO) and the Village committees, especially in target communities. Working relations between TAO and NGO will be based upon communal assistance, the NGO to work in any location should introduce their project, objectives and activities to the TAO prior to initiating. This introductory process will enable future co-operation to develop. In such a situation

Page 26 of 27

the NGO should inform the Tao of any activities and likewise the TAO should inform the NGO of any activities which are of mutual interest. This will ensure that the two organisations work together to the benefit of the local people and do not compete with each other to the detriment of local people causing division, competition and potential conflict.

Unfortunately the TAO is a relatively new structure only being established in 1994. Thus the TAO has a number of problems especially caused by lack of adequate funding to train locally elected villagers to be capable local representative. In this respect there is great opportunity for NGO to work closely with TAO to assist them with the development of their own capacity. Many NGOs have experience and capability in rural development and could assist TAO greatly during their development activities. Ultimately

Other local GOs include the village committee. This organisation based at the lowest level of the village often has close links with NGOs which work in their particular village. The opportunities for collaboration between these two organisations is great, although is often overlooked in the separation and partition of responsibilities at the village level. The NGO offers a mechanism for introducing new ideas, developing local groups, to provide funding, for facilitating activities especially assisting villagers to propose activities to responsible government bodies. In parallel the village organisation has a wealth of local knowledge and contacts which can help the NGO undertake their own activities.

Ultimately these co-operation’s at the community level can develop local people and develop capacity for these people to establish groups and undertake development activities themselves without having to rely upon the TAO, the village committee or NGOs. Thus the community organisation enables local participation, equality and transparency for development activities which affect the group directly, thus promoting success, sustainability and appropriateness in whatever activities are initiated.

7. REFERENCES

1. Development study of Non Government Organisations (NGO) involved in environmental issues in Thailand, Thailand Environment Institute a report produced for the Office of Environmental Quality Promotion, Ministry of Science Technology and the Environment June 1996,(in Thai).

2. Thai NGOs, The continuing struggle for democracy. Editors Jaturong Boonyarattanasoontorn and Gawin Chutima, Thai NGO Support Project (TNSP), Bangkok, 1995.

3. Environment and NGOs in Thailand, Pfirrmann Claudia and Kron, Dirk Thai NGO support project (TNSP), Bangkok, Friedrich-Naumann-Stiftung, 1992.

4. Thailand Non-profit Sector and Social Development. Amara Pongsapich and Nitaya Kataleeradabhan, Chulalongkorn University Social Research Institute, Bangkok, 1994.

5. Where are the roots of Thai Environmentalism? Philip Hirsch, TEI Quarterly Environment Journal, Bangkok, Vol. 2, No. 2, April-June 1994.

6. Pratan Kongritsuksah (1992) Local government 3rd Edition, Krusapha publishing, Bangkok (in Thai).

7. Virat Viratniphawan (1994) research report, suggestions for local administration in the future: Examples from Nonthaburi, Nakhon Ratchasima and Ranong provinces.

Page 27 of 27

Regional Environmental Technical Assistance 5771 Poverty Reduction & Environmental Management in Rem ote Greater

Mekong Subregion (GMS) Watersheds Project (Phase I)

Annex to

NGOs in Thailand: A General Overview with Emphasis on North Eastern Thailand. Current Status and Potential for Development Cooperation in the Greater Mekong Subregion

By

Mr. Colin McQuistan

Ms Saowalak Markphaenthong

Ms Jitkasem Permpatr

REVIEW OF SOME NGOs IN NORTH EASTERN THAILAND

A study on environmental and development NGOs in the(Northern and Northeastern Region of Thailand was carried out in November and December 1998. A total of 74 NGOs were contacted, all received questionnaires together with a description of the RETA 5771 project. Answers were received from 21 NGOs. The data presented is:

a. summary based on information from the respondents,

b. filled in questionnaires.

NGOs providing information

1. Khok Yai Community Forestry Project 2. Village Vocational Training Center 3. Development and Conservation of Prom River Project 4. Local Information Center for Development 5. Esan Sustainable Resource and Environmental Management Project 6. Suwannaphum Human Resource Development Foundation 7. Grassroots Integrated Development Foundation 8. Progressive Farmer Association 9. Sustainable Community Development Foundation

10. Promotion of Human Resources for Community Development Foundation 11. Local Development Institute 12. Rural Reconstruction Alumni and Friends Association 13. Population and Community Development Association 14. The Farmer Foundation of Thailand 15. Local Area Development Support Project 16. NET Foundation 17. Jakarat Development Foundation 18. Serving for the People Association (SPA) 19. Sustainable Buffer Zone Development Project: Phu Kheio 20. Foundation for Irrigated Agricultural Manage (FIAM) 21. Foundation for Agricultural and Rural Management

Page 1 of 15

I SUMMARY

Objectives of NGOs

Type and number of NGOs for each decade

Number of NGO staff in respondent organisations

Willing to work with RETA

No. Objectives %

Promote and develop social and quality of life 14

Develop human and PO to be strength 12

Promote Integrated agriculture 12

Promote other vocations which help farmers increase their incomes 12

Develop farmers and rural social to be self-reliance 10

Link the cooperation in form of CO in setting their goals, solving the problems and protecting their own and their communities’ benefits

10

Promote villagers in sustainable natural resources management 8

Provide farmers the opportunities to know the appropriated agricultural technology 6

Promote CO to strengthen forest management 4

Cooperation between Public and private sections in resources management 4

Promote and develop leaders 2

Promote and develop farmer group working 2

Develop local environment and culture 6

Total 100

Registered Year Association Foundation Non registered Total

1971-1980 3

1981-1990 9

1991-now 9

Total 4 10 7 21

Organization’ s size No. of NGOs’ staff No. of NGOs Mean Range

Small 1-10 persons 10 6.4 4-10

Medium 11-20 persons 6 14 12-17

Large 20+ persons 5 116.4 22-454

Total 21 40.3

Answer No. of NGOs Note

Yes with condition 5 RETA must has the same objectives as the partner organisation.

Page 2 of 15

Form of cooperation

Expectation in Working with RETA

Budget range of organisations responding per year.

The partnership project with RETA must be in field in which the organisation has previous experience and the budget should be provided by RETA.

Most organisations do not have adequate budget to support such counterpart projects

Yes without condition 13

No 2

No answer 1

Total 21

Form of cooperation %

1. Consultant 25.64

2. Training 35.90

3. Other

Partnership 7.47

promote local NGOs in field activities 5.13

Forum for exchange of experience 5.13

Did not provide any detail 5.13

Assist with project development and Implementation 2.6

Foreign fund representative in Thailand 2.6

Join in activities with experienced NGOs 2.6

learn techniques, academic and supporting budget 2.6

Networking 2.6

4. No answer 2.6

Total 100

Expectation %

1. Any way (Training, seminar, project cooperation, exchanging experiences, technical and technology support, etc.)

29.17

2. Information/ Counterpart 25.03

3. Budget 20.83

4. R & D 16.67

5. Coordinator 8.3

Total 100

Page 3 of 15

Average budget per year of each size of NGOs

Summary description of NGOs in survey

Year Budget range (min.-max.) Baht

1998 70,000-50,000,000

1999 200,000-40,000,000

NGOs' Size

Sources Small Medium Large

Thailand '98 575,000 0 70,000

Thailand '99 0 0 0

Thai + Foreign '98 816,667 19,000,000 21,666,667

Thai + Foreign '99 2,700,000 13,500,000 18,333,333

Foreign '98 1,550,000 6,750,000 6,400,000

Foreign '99 1,175,000 7,000,000 6,600,000

No NGO Objectives Activities Notes

1 Project for the Development of Integrated Agriculture and Alternative Market Network.

60/2 Isan Rd., T. Nai Muang, Muang, Buri Ram 31000

Tel: 044 620-237 Fax: 044 613-284

1. To develop integrated agriculture in target areas.

2. To promote saving groups.

3. To Promote the processing of agricultural products.

1. Co-planning with network members, organizing meeting and field trips.

2. Promoting saving.

3. Processing products.

- Unable to contact at this number.

2 Nature Care Association

198/1 M.4 Ban Wang Yai,

T.Wang Thong, Phakdi Chumphon District, Chaiyaphum 36260

01 213-3631

1. To support each other as members, in economic, social, and culture aspects.

2. To support members in pursuit of sustainable development

1. Saving and funeral welfare group.

2. Chemical-free vegetable groups.

3. Revolving funds; and

4. Promoting and revitalizing culture and local traditions

- Establish in 1995

- Registered with National Cultural Commission

- No member but there are 9 committee to take care funding (~400,000-500,000 Baht From Japan).

- There are Projects under association e.g. Natural Agriculture Cooperative and Coordinating Life and Environment Project.

- Need to work with RETA in exchanging experiences because this organization lack of staff and potential.

3 Coordinating Life and Environment Project

198/1 M.4 Ban Wang Yai,

T.Wang Thong, Phakdi

1. To solve family and community economic problems.

2. To promote local self-reliance.

1. Chemical-Free agriculture and

2. Marketing of chemical-free vegetables

- This project is under Nature Care Association.

- Most activities are done by local people.

Page 4 of 15

Chumphon District, Chaiyaphum 36260

01 213-3631

3. To promote the advancement of people’s organizations.

Development and Ecology Recovery Project of Phong River Watershed

108/57 Soi Sawaddi, Mittraphab Rd. ,Muang ,Khon Kaen 40000

Tel/Fax: (043) 239-047

- Non registered, a project subsidiary organisation of, Esan Community Foundation. (see **).

- There are 7 staff

- Funded by Environmental Fund (4 millions/

project), Germany (300,000/year)

- This project will finish at the end of December, 1999

5 Dong Lan Forest and Development Project

47 M.1 T.Wang Phoem, Si Chomphu district, Khon Kaen 40220

Tel: (043) 399-110

1. To strengthen community organization

2. To develop, recover, and manage communities’ natural resources.

3. To promote community organization’ self-reliance

1. Natural resource management in community forests and buffer-zone forests.

2. Occupational extension.

3. Community organization development.

- Unable to contact

6 Esan River Ecology Recovery Project (Soil Salination)

43/31 Soi Prasanmit, Mittraphab Rd., Muang, Khon Kaen 40000

Tel: (043) 333-915

1. To find solutions to soil salinity problems in northeastern river basins, and

2. To recover the ecology of rivers in the northeastern region.

1. Launching a campaign to get people to participate in river basin conservation; and

2. finding solutions to soil salinity.

- This office is closed with no forwarding information.

- Current status is unknown

7 Khong-Thai-Lao River Development Project

PO Box 136, Muang Khon Kaen 40000

Tel: (043) 261-372 Fax : (043) 261-337

1. To assist farmers in the irrigation areas

Second Phase activities including;

1. Increasing farm income by increased production

2. Agricultural development

3. Environment

4. Irrigation

5. Cooperative and gender group promotion.

6. Training.

Bilateral development project with Department of Energy Development and Promotion and the Royal Netherlands Government. A project operated via the Mekong River Commission, therefore the responsible project office is now located in Cambodia.

Baseline project phase covered 5 years for data collection followed by second phase of 18 months completed 31st December 1998. Second phase funded to 5,000,000 Baht.

Staff 150 (Government officials working with the project) plus 20 project contracted staff.

Project had Budget allocation problems. Requesting third phase funding for additional 15 months.

8 Northeastern Rural Development Association

227/71 Pracha Samoson Rd., Moo Ban Mit Samphan(Thug Setthi),T.Nai Muang, Khon Kaen

1. To promote and support northeastern rural development focusing on a sustainable rural development perspective

1. Support for ecological agriculture;

2. Support of a youth network for natural resource conservation;

Tel: (043) 377-315 Fax: (043) 344-186

Page 5 of 15

40000 and

3. Promotion of the recovery of growing indigenous plants in paddy fields.

9 PLAN International, Khon Kaen

222/58 Chomphon Phatthana, Muang, Khon Kaen 40000

Tel: (043) 241-385, (043) 237-763

Fax: (043) 243-668

1. To assist children, their families, and communities to get basic needs;

2. To consolidate relationships, understanding, and unity among people of different cultures and countries; and

3. to promote the rights and interests of the world’s children.

1. Securing basic needs;

2. Promotion of agriculture and cattle raising;

3. Promoting occupational opportunities; and

4. Community organization.

- Established in 1971, registered with DTEC

- Staff 75 persons

- Budget 50,000,000 millions / year (~50 projects), funded by head office.

- Activities covering Basic Need and working in four provinces of the Northeast and two in the North.

- Welcome the opportunity to work with RETA.

- No funding problems

10 Project for Agricultural Development for Self-Reliance

105/15 Soi Thung Ruangthong,Phollarat Rd.,T.Nai Khet, Phon district, Khon Kaen 40120

Tel: (043) 415-059 Fax : (043) 415-222

1. To promote community organizations’ participation in development

2. To develop occupations and income within communities; and

3. To promote alternative agriculture in order for villages to develop successful agricultural models

1. Integrated agriculture;

2. Rice banks and water banks;

3. saving group;

4. Chicken and cows-raising group; and

5. Farming of chemical-free vegetables and natural rice

11 Project Review Committee(PRC), Northeastern Region

686/5 Soi Wutthitharam, Na Muang Rd.,Muang, Khon Kaen 40000

Tel: (043) 322-267, 220-895

Fax: (043) 322-267, 220-895

1. To support small NGO’ in the Northeast

1. Support for small NGO projects in the northeast and providing them with funding

Appear unprepared to work in cooperation with ADB funded or supported projects..

12 Research Development Institute (RDI)

Khon Kaen University, Muang, Khon Kaen 40002

Tel: (043) 238-383 Fax: (043) 244-418

1. To conduct research on social development

1. Publication of documents concerning social development

Having received two copies of the questionnaire with no response it can be assumed that they are not interested in working in cooperation with RETA.

13 Development Center of Sub Tai

M.6 T.Phaya Yen, Pak Chong district,

Nakhon Ratchasima 30130

Tel: (01) 213-8043

1. To encourage communities to participate in the conservation of natural resources, forestry, wildlife, and the environment around Khao Yai area;

1. Planting vegetables relying on "Loy-Fah" underground water system;

2. Deforestation around Khao Yai Park; and

-This NGO is under PDA.

- Budget is from PDA and from training(1,000,000 Baht), but The budget is decrease

so there are no activities like in the past. For example increase income for former and »ÅÙ¡»èÒ,etc.

Page 6 of 15

2. To promote income-generating occupations for people in the targeted areas; and

3. To promote primary health care and sanitation

3. Promotion of occupation in agricultural and off-farm sectors.

- 2 Staff

14 Project for the Support Lam Pheak Farming

99 M.6 T.Chaliang, Khonburi district,

Nakhon Ratchasima 30140

1. To promote integrated farming by raising cows and buffalo;

2. To Promote farmers’ occupational groups; and

3. To promote and support marketing skills of farmers’ groups

1. Husbandry, and

2. Operating a community shop

Telephone number provided is incorrect with no forwarding number.

15 Project for the Support of Agriculturists Network

311 Moo 4, Tambon Ban Han, Si Khiu district, Nakhon Ratchasima 30140

1. To promote income-generating activities for group members;

2. To strengthen people’s organizations; and

3. To Promote agricultural extension

1. Chicken raising and

2. Integrated agriculture

Contact telephone number is incorrect. Unable to contact this organisation.

16 Small Farmers Development Project (SFDP)

Primary Health care building, Bua Yai hospital, Bua Yai district, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30120

1. To develop sustainable agriculture;

2. To empower people’s organizations in decision-making, and

3. To coordinate between government agencies and NGOs in cooperative development efforts

Unable to contact this organisation.

17 Wildlife Fund Thailand (WFT)

Under the Royal patronage of HM the Queen

251/88-90 Thawon Villa village, Phahonyothin Road, Bangkhen

Bangkok 10220

Tel: (02) 521 3435, 552 2111, 552 2790

Fax (02) 552 6083

1. To conserve natural resources and the environment in the Thailand;

2. To study wildlife in the Thailand; and

3. To operate conservation networks in Thailand.

1. Reforestation in Pu Luang Sanctuary and Khao Yai National Park;

2. Care for trees; and

3. Provision of knowledge on conservation to the local people

- Established in 1984

- Originally worked in close cooperation with WWF, as a associate organisation, although the two organisations are no longer formally linked.

- Current staff approximately 30 permanent.

18 Project for Support of Integrated Agriculture

385 Moo 20, Prasan Muang Road, Tambon Sa Khu, Suwannaphum district, Roi Et, 45130

1. To promote integrated agricultural techniques to villagers, and

2. To promote people’s organizations in natural resource

1. Promotion of integrated agriculture, and

2. Campaigning for sustainable natural resource conservation

- NGO established in 1990 and no registered

- 5 staff

- Activities in AIDS, gender, natural Agriculture, children.

Page 7 of 15

Tel/Fax : (043) 581 249 management -There are 2 projects with 350,000 Baht/project (project is 1 year).

-funding source AIDS NET, UNDP, Embassy English.

- NGO want to be co-operate with RETA because of lack of budget.

19 Project for the Development of Small-scale businesses for primary health care

Phanom Phrai Hospital, Phanom Phrai district, Roi Et, 45140

Tel: (043) 591 322

1. To assist people to gain supplementary occupations;

2. To assist communities to develop according to local needs; and

3. To assist family members to obtain complete public health necessities.

1. operation of a community shop, rice mill, and bicycle repair shop;

2. Chicken, cow and pig Husbandry groups; and

3. Integrated farming

- 2 staff

- Activity is support and ãËéà§Ô¹¡Ùé business man ( äÁèà¹é¹¸ØáԨ¡ÒÃà¡ÉµÃ),publish health.

-Budget is from Development and Relief Agency(1,500,000 Baht/3 years).

20 Esan Community Foundation

29 Wiphat Anuson Road, Tambon Nai Muang, Muang Surin, 32000.

Tel/Fax : (044) 513 562

1. To continuously and sustainably support people’s organizations and NGOs for northeastern development

1. Fund raising from the public;

2. Provision of welfare assistance to individuals who work on social development; projects and

3. Community enterprise projects

- Registered with National Cultural Commission(1994)and Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment.

-4 staff

-Activity: training, research and support PO

- Budget is from Environmental Fund.

21 Tham-Moon project

29 Wiphat Anuson Road, Tambon Nai Muang, Muang Surin, 32000.

Tel: (044) 513 589

1. To promote people’s participation in natural resource management;

2. To support and disseminate information on the models of natural resource recovery and conservation by community organizations; and

3. to coordinate and cooperate with various agencies on natural resource management

1. Organization of meeting and training sessions;

2. Reforestation and operation of youth camps; and

3. Promotion of supplementary occupations

- 3 staff

- This project is under Esan Community Foundation.

- Budget was from DANCED.

- Now, no activities, because the project has just finished and waiting for founding for 1999.

22 Forest Loving Youth of Esan

29 Wiphat Anuson Road, Tambon Nai Muang, Muang Surin, 32000.

Tel:(01) 602-622

1. To support First-hand experience of youth in learning about the environment

1. Promoting forest-loving youth groups in school

2. Forest-loving youth camp; and

3. Campaigning and disseminating information on environmental conservation

- Establish 1995, no registered.

- Adapt activity to be training center.

- Budget was from Terre Des Hommes 1,500,000 bath (project finished)

23 Community Forest Project

29 Wiphat Anuson Road, Tambon Nai Muang, Muang Surin, 32000.

1. To promote and develop community forests;

2. To seek and

1. Operating northeastern community forest funds;

- Established 1987.

- The project is member of NGO-CORD.

Page 8 of 15

Tel: (044) 513 589 experiment with eco-agricultural systems; and

3. To support network of people’s organizations, NGOs, and academics in solving community problems

2. Practicing integrated farming; and

3. Promoting Northeastern forest-loving children’s groups

- 6 staff.

- Budget are from DANCED and Terre Des Hommes.(1,500,00 Baht/year 1998 and do not know budget year 1999),

- Limiting in budget, activities decrease.

- Want to work with RETA but should connect via NGO-CORD.

24 Strengthening of Learning Process for Community Development Project

166 Moo 1, Tambon Nong Bua, Tha Toom district, Surin, 32120

Tel/Fax : (044) 591 122

1. To strengthen management skills of people’s organization;

2. To promote the recovery of the environment through integrated farming; and

3. To promote the participatory roles of the communities

1. Integrated farming;

2. Woman’s waving group; and

3. Rice mill and trading activities.

- Established in 1985, under The Foundation of Education and Society Which registered with National Cultural Commission and Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment.

- 2 staff

- Budget were from Embassy Canada and Australia, and MISEREOR(700,000 Baht/year 1998, no funding 1999)

- Limiting in budget, activities decrease.

25 Surin Farmers Support

475 Lak Muang Road, Tambon Nai Muang, Muang, Surin, 32000.

Tel: (044) 514 206 Fax: (044) 520 637

1. To promote and develop the capabilities of people’s organization to turn from old agricultural production system to chemical-free ones

2. To promote and develop processing procedures in order to increase production values; and

3. To strengthen farmers’ skills in marketing

1. Organizing training and field trips regarding chemical Substance replacement;

2. Organizing projects on natural farming; and

3. Training on standards of products processing.

- Established in 1983, no registered but be member of NGO-CORD.

- 8 staff

- Budget are from CUSO and MISEREOR.(1,500,000 Baht/year 1998 and do not know budget year ‘99),

- Limiting in budget, activities decrease.

- Interest to work with RETA but must to have same objective and target.

26 Credit Union League

40 Moo 2, Tambon Chae Ra Mat, Muang, Ubon Ratchathani, 34000.

Tel: (045) 311 095

1. To train villagers to help themselves and others in economic matters for their well-being, and

2. To promote savings

1. Increasing saving

2. Providing loan services, and

3. Providing welfare services

- Office has moved.

27 Nature Care Foundation

8 Chaeng Sanit Soi 3 Road, Tambon Nai Muang, Muang, Ubon Ratchathani, 34000

Tel: (045) 281 145

1. To educate and raise community awareness regarding natural resources and environmental conservation;

2. To support communities in taking part in natural resource management; and

3. To coordinate and cooperate with government and private agencies for

1. Campaigning and disseminating information on the importance of environmental conservation;

2. Organzing natural conservation camps; and

3. Organizing nature-loving children’s camps

- Established in 1992, registered with National Cultural Commission and Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment in 1996. Co-ordinate with PDA.

- 9 staff

- Budget were from German NGO and Rain Forest Foundation(English) 1,500,000 Baht/year 1998, waiting for founding for 1999)

- Limiting in budget, activities decrease.

Page 9 of 15

sustainable development

- interest to work with RETA but would like to know the conditions of RETA.

28 Esan Development Foundation.

70/4 Supphakit Chanya Road, Muang, Udon Thani, 41000.

1. To provide occupational assistance to northeastern farmers to enhance their well-being;

2. To provide assistance to northeastern farmers in health and sanitation; and

3. To provide relief to desperate people

1. Social welfare and community development

2. Revolving resources projects; and

3. Integrated raising of pigs, ducks and fish.

Telephone number provided is incorrect with no forwarding number.

29 Project for Strengthening of Peoples Organizations

160/2 Moo 2, Tambon Sithan, Pa Tiw District, Yasothon, 35150

1. To promote community understanding of impacts resulted from development projects.

2. To promote the role and continuity of community organizations’ participation in development

1. Organizing forums;

2. Organizing field trips; and

3. Developing community funds

Unable to contact this organisation.

30 Hill Area Development Foundation

129/1 Moo 4, Pahung Soi 3,T.Robving, Muang, Chaingrai 57000

Tel: (053) 758-658 Tel/Fax: (053) 715-696

Working with hill tribes in three key areas; Forestry and conservation, Sex workers and AIDS and Drug addiction.

2. To promote people in hill areas to realize the values and importance of environmental recovery and conservation

3. To support people who would like to work with people in this area

4. To cooperate with government and other agencies in supporting people in hill area to be self-reliance

1. To promote sustainable agriculture for conservation of soil and water in highland environment

2. To support the potential development of people in this area to be strengthen to manage their resources solve their communities’ environmental problems.

3. To promote the quality of life development by setting the activities both in and off courses to the target groups

- Established 1986, registered with National Cultural Commission and Ministry of Science Technology and Environment.

- 17 staff

- Budget from World bank, has enabled increase in project activities.

31 Foundation for Life-Long Education

Curriculum Development Building(Academics Department),Sukhumvit Rd.,Phra Khlong, Khlong Toey, Bangkok 10110

Tel: (020) 391-2324 Fax: (02)391-2354

1. To promote off-school education in every to raise the level of Thai quality of life, especially the poor and unfortunate people

2. To promote the development of social and natural environment

1. No current activities (No funding)

This organisation still exists although they have no permanent workers at present.

-Registered with the National Cultural Commission and the Ministry of Science Technology and Environment.

32 World Vision Foundation of Thailand

1. To solve the problems of the needy and provide them with necessities through the

1. Promoting supplementary occupation, and

Unable to contact

Page 10 of 15

582/18-22 Soi Ekamai, Sukhumvit 63

Khlong Ton, Phra Khanong, Bangkok

10110

Tel: (02) 390-2012-4 Fax: (02) 381-2034

best utilization of resources as well as by inviting sponsors to join in tribute and aid for local organizations and groups

2. operating projects aimed at the development of children and woman.

33 Village Foundation

230/52 Soi Viphawadi Rangsit, Viphawadi Rangsit Rd.,Din Daeng, Huay Khwang, Bangkok 10310

Tel: (02) 276-2172, 276-5635, 275-3953

Fax: (02) 276-2171

1. To promote and support rural development agencies

2. To promote and support Key informant and related people educational

3. R&D

4. Operation with the other charity NGOs

5. To coordinate rural development agencies

There are 3 important field works: agriculture, environment and community welfare

- Registered with National Cultural Commission and MOSTE in 1988.

- Staff 12.

- currently working on five projects.

- budget 1998 1,000,000 Baht. currently looking for budget for 1999.

- Funding from German NGO.

- Problem with uncertainty of funding source causing reduced activities.

- No interested in working with ADB, unsure of credibility of such projects.

34 Appropriate Technology Association

143/171-172 Moo Pinklao Phatthana, Pinklao-Kakhonchaisi Rd., Bang Bumri, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok 10700

Tel: (02) 434-6253 Fax: (02) 432-3252

1. To conduct research and to develop appropriate technology with a low cost, easy making and an emphasis on community self-reliance.

2. to compile existing appropriate technology from both local and international resources and to modify, transfer and disseminate it to the public

3. To provide technical services and consultations on appropriate technology application to solve community problems

1. Renewable Energy Promotion programme

2. To support local weaving projects which develop local techniques and generate income for rural women

3. The small scale water resource project concentrates on providing technical training and services concerning usage and maintenance of artesian well drilling machines to interested farmers.

4. The alternative crop protection project aims to apply, adapt, research and experiment with pesticide control such as using herbal pesticide and biocontrol with emphasis on economical, easy use and safe non-hazardous principles.

5. Dissemination of appropriate technology through the information center and mobile

Page 11 of 15

technology project by producing documents, handbooks and various media and give seminars and workshops to the rural community.

35 Think Earth Project

Siankolkarn Building, 15th Floor, Pratumwan, Bangkok 10330

1. Promote people to realize the importance and value of environment of the earth

1. Making natural conservation campaign project

- Previously organized as an Association but status has been change to project.

- started working in 1989.

- registered with NCC and MOSTE in 1994 and canceled 1995.

- Subsidiary of Siam Golagarn Co.LTD.

- Company employees work for project as volunteers.

- Budget 1998 10,000,000 Baht with +50% reduction envisioned for 1999.

- Have no policy to receive funding from external organisations, but happy to cooperate.

36 Thai Environment and Community Development Association

Bangkok Bang Building, 15Th Floor, Room 1508, No.33 Silom Rd., Bangrak, Bangkok 10500

Tel: (02) 231-4248 Fax: (02) 236-8984

Focus only upon Urban Environment.

1. make people and agencies to have awareness in co-solving environmental problems

1. Providing education and activities campaign projects: garbage waste, water, and tree planting project.

- Established in 1984 registered with NCC and MOSTE.

- 18 staff, covering 20 different projects.

- Budget 1998 15,000,000 Baht from membership companies.

- Manage environment fund.

37 CARE International in Thailand

185-187 Phaholyothin Rd., Soi 11, Samsen Nai, Phayathai, Bangkok 10400

Tel (02) 279-4195, 275-1505-6

1. To promote sustainable security in families, and unfortunate communities by development process which increase potential of communities.

Work in four specific fields;

1. Environmental and natural conservation

2. AIDS

3. Develop labour skill in rural

4. Magazine for children

- Established in Thailand 1979.

- Budget are from DANCED, Embassy Netherlands and CARE in America.(1,600,000 US $ for 1998, expect increase 1999)

- staff 90

- There are 7 projects.

- Raks Foundation is supported by CARE it established and registered with NCC and MOSTE in 1997. CARE will transfer all works to this foundation and CARE will close.

38 World Environment Center Foundation

491/43-44 Silom Plaza Building, 2nd Floor, Silom Rd., Silom, Bangkok 10500

Tel; (02) 235-8727 Fax: (02) 237-6690

1. To increase knowledge and comprehensive to people in international environmental issues

2. R&D

3. To promote and organize the meeting to exchange the environmental ideas

1. Develop water analysis manual and newsletter

2. Technology exchange

3. Volunteer development

4. Center for environmental

Unable to contact

Page 12 of 15

4. To promote sustainable development

information experience and skills in industry sector.

39 Northern Development Foundation

77/1 Moo 5 T.Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200

Tel/Tax : (053)810-623-4

-Conservation of natural resources and protection of the environment.

1. Management of soil, water and forests.

- established in 1994, registered with NCC and MOSTE.

- 5 staff and 2 volunteers.

- 3 projects

- Budget 1998, 3,000,000 Baht from Environment Fund, Toyota foundation, and the Netherlands government.

- problem with focus on short period projects and associated budget means continually looking for future funding

- interested in working with RETA.

40 The Phukiew Sanctuary Conservation

Km. 86, Phukiew-Chumpae Rd., Tambon Pokpung, Amphoe Phu Khiew, Chaiyaphum 36100

Objectives are the conservation of Phu Kheio wildlife Sanctuary

Any activities which increase local peoples awareness of the wildlife sanctuary. Focus particularly upon children’s nature education and camps.

- registered with NCC and MOSTE.

- No contact with this organisation.

- Currently inactive.

41 Association of Earth Island Institute

Klong Chan Housing Kindergarten, Between flat 5-6, National Housing authority, Sukhapiban 2 Rd., Klong Chan, Bangkapi, Bangkok 10240

Tel: (02) 319-8370 Fax: (020 374-9927

1. Cooperate with community organization and agencies who protect and preserve the nature

2. Promote the comprehensive and aware of resources and environmental value

1. Coordinating NGOs in Southern Region network project

2. Pattani Gulf conservation Project

Canceled: Office is closed

42 Association for Community and Ecological Development

37 San Khong Noi Rd., T. Rob Wieng, Muang, Chiang Rai 57000

Tel/Fax: (053) 716-517

1. Promote Villager group initiation

2. Promote community network

3. Environmental awareness raising

1. Develop Peoples Organisation

2. Campaign the environmental problems Projects

- established in 1988, registered with NCC and MOSTE in 1995.

- 13 staff and 1 volunteer.

- Currently operating 5 projects in cities and rural areas.

- Budget from Environment Fund, Terre Des Hommes and Netherlands Embassy.

- Interested in working with RETA if compatible objectives.

43 Isan Care foundation

269 Operation Building, University Project, Kosum-mahasarakam Rd., T. trad, Muang, Mahasarakam. 44000

Tel/Fax: (043) 723-539

1. Provide resources and promote development work

2. To promote Local Community Organizations

3. Promote exchanging in development experiences

1. Training.

2. R and D.

- Registered with NCC and MOSTE in 1995.

- No permanent staff but with 10 volunteers, mostly lecturers from Mahasarakhram University.

- Donations received 40,000 Baht (98)

- Budget from MOSTE 1,000,000 Baht.

Page 13 of 15

II. QUESTIONNAIRES

1. Khok Yai Community Forestry Project

2. Village Vocational Training Center

3. Development and Conservation of Prom River Project

4. Local Information Center for Development

5. Esan sustainable Resource & Environmental Management Project

6. Suwannaphum Human Resource Development Foundation

7. Grassroots Integrated Development Foundation

8. Progressive Farmer Association

9. Sustainable Community Development Foundation

10. Promotion of Human Resources for Community Development Foundation

11. Local Development Institute

12. Rural reconstruction Alumni and friends association

13. Population and Community Development Association

14. The Farmer Foundation of Thailand

15. Local Area Development Support Project

- Interested in working with RETA.

44 Association for Life and Environment

101 Soi Ranong 2, Nakonchaisri, Dusit, Bangkok. 10300

Tel: (02) 278-0924 Fax: (02) 271-4037

- No activities reported. - This address is now the location of the Thai Elephant Foundation.

- Lack of activities and office.

45 Thai NGO Support Project (TNSP)

44/7 Soi Sukhumvit 31, Sukhumvit Rd., Prakanong, Bangkok. 10110

Tel: (02) 258-5695, 259-1389

Fax: (02) 259-1388

Project is canceled

46 Friendrich-Namann-Stiftung

44/7 Soi Sawadee31, Sukhumvit, GPO Box 1877 Bangkok 10501

Tel; (02) 258-5695 Fax: (02) 259-4388

- - Canceled operation in Thailand

Page 14 of 15

16. NET Foundation

17. Jakarat Development Foundation

18. Serving for the People Association (SPA)

19. Sustainable Buffer Zone Development Project ; Phu Kheio

20. Foundation for Integrated Agricultural Manage (FIAM)

21. Foundation for Agricultural and Rural Management

Page 15 of 15

II. QUESTIONNAIRES

1. Khok Yai Community Forestry Project

1. Established year: March 1, 1994

2. Registered with: Unregistered

3. Organization’s philosophy

1. Strengthened the communities in forestry management

2. Supporting agro-forestry, integrated agriculture and other careers

3. Co-operating in resources with public and private section

4. Main area of specialization

Develop community forest and focus on strengthen the communities

5. Organization’s capacity

5.1 Personnel: 7 People

5.2 Participation of training, seminars, courses, study tours, etc.

5.3 Budget of the organization

No. Position No. Responsibility Status Education English

1. Project Leader

1 Administrate and manage the project and budget

permanent Bachelor degree in political science and education

Fair

2. Project-coordinator

1 Coordinate and assess project

permanent Bachelor degree in agriculture promoting

Fair

3. Clerk + accounting

1 Secretarial finance and accounting

permanent Bachelor degree in account and computer

Fair

4. Field staff 4 Coordinate field work-and communities

permanent Bachelor degree in rural development / Buddhism study

Fair

Name Position Trained courses and context Duration Application %

Mr.Komjit Project leader

Community Forestry 3 days 70 %

Mr.Komjit, Mr.Pairoj and Tanajit

Community Forestry Management in Northeast

5 days

Mr.Komjit, Mr.Pairoj and Tanajit

Nursery techniques and replanting technology.

3 days

Mr.Komjit, Mr.Pairoj and Chukiat

Integrated Agro and Sustainable Agriculture

3 days

Mr.Pairoj, Tanajit and Chukiat

Herbal remedies 3 days

Page 1 of 18

6. Activities/ Projects and Co-operation with other organization

6.1 Have your organization been co-operate with the others? YES

6.2 The Co-operated organizations working with are:

6.3 Activities/ projects

Year Budget (Baht) Sources of budget

Problems or Limitation

1998 1.3 million CIDA Budget not enough to extend area

1999 1 million CIDA Budget not enough to extend area

Type of Organization

Name of Organization

Period of time

Type of Co-operation Problems

NGOs-in Thailand NGOs – CORD Lifetime Coordinating/training and recommend source of budget and coordinating network

none

NGOs Overseas Lifetime Training and seminar none

Gos DEQP - Study tour and training uncontinuous time and no supporting budget

Int’l Organizations Plan/Thailand 1998 Coordinating/training uncontinuous time and no supporting budget

National educational Institute/seminar

- Asia level

- International level

Thammasat University and RECOFTE Center

Mahasarakam University

Non

Non

1995 Training and seminar uncontinuous time and no supporting budget

Activities/ projects Objectives Location Period of time

Problems

1. NGOs Coordinating Committee on Development Network Meeting

Exchange idea for solving problems

11 villages 1 year Target group need to earn for survival, so they can 70% join the project

2. Action Plan training Planning for Community Forestry Development

11 villages 1 year Target group need to earn for survival

3. The role of the Monk Seminar

Supporting the role of the Monk

11 villages 1 year Target group need to earn for survival

4. The role of woman and youth

Supporting the role of woman and youth

11 villages 1 year Target group need to earn for survival

5. Community Forestry plantation

Building Awareness for preserving the forest

4 Public forest

-- Target group need to earn for survival

Page 2 of 18

6.4. Describe how do your organizations develop and support revenue and quality of life of the poor in the communities. (if you ever done)

- Provide them the education, training, seminar, study tour on Sustainable agriculture, integrated agriculture and agro forestry

7. Would you like to work with RETA Project? YES

Because would like to exchange the experience with the neighbour countries about the environment/ forestry, income generation, community development and development of the quality of life of the poor.

8. What type of input which you would like to work with RETA Project?

Consultancy Training ƒ Others Being partnership and working network

9. What are your expectations with regards to the above-mentioned involvement?

In every way e.g. training, seminar, cooperate in making project, seeking budget, exchange the experiences and technical help and technology in environment, forest, Community forestry and energy

10. Are other any special restrictions/official concerns relating to your involvement with RETA Project? No

11. Your contact information

Name Mr.Komjit SeangSai Position Project Leader Address 10/42 Srisawatdamnern Rd., Tambon Talad, Amphur Muang, Mahasarakam Province, 44000 Tel: (043) 742-995 Fax: (043) 742-995 E-mail address

Go back the List of Questionnaires

2. Village Vocational Training Center

1. Established year: 1984

2. Registered with: non

3. Organization’s philosophy

1. Give the farmer the opportunity to learn about the appropriate technology in agriculture and ceramic 2. Continuously support the farmer in agriculture and the other existing career in the village 3. Supporting and developing the leader in the villages thorough the group working of the farmer

4. Main area of specialization: Training

5. Organization’s capacity

5.1 Personnel 5 staff

No. Position Pers Responsibility Status Education English

1. Supporting staff 1 Assessment of supporting projects

Full-time Bachelor degree of Agriculture

Fair

2. Agriculture training staff

1 Training the farmers Full-time Bachelor degree of Agriculture Promoting

Poor

3. Ceramic training 2 Training making ceramic Full-time Diploma in Art ceramic Poor

Page 3 of 18

5.2 Participation of training, seminars, courses, study tours, etc.

5.3. Budget of the organization. No information provided

6. Activities/ Projects and Co-operation with other organization

6.1 Have your organization been co-operate with the others? NO

6.2. Describe how do your organizations develop and support revenue and quality of life of the poor in the communities. ( if you ever done)

7. Would you like to work with RETA Project? YES

8. What type of input which you would like to work with RETA Project?

Consultancy ƒ Training

9. What are your expectations with regards to the above-mentioned involvement?

The recommendation about the sources of fund

10. Are other any special restrictions/official concerns relating to your involvement with RETA Project? No

11. Your contact information

Name Sister Pranee Sitth Position Director Address P.O. Box 31 Amphur Muang Nong khai Province 43000 Tel/Fax: (042) 412-349, 420-496

Go back the List of Questionnaires

3. Development and Conservation of Prom River Project

1. Established year: 1993

2. Registered with: Not registered

3. Organization’s philosophy

The community organization must be independence from GOs in natural resource management

staff technology

4. Secretary 1 Paper work in office Full-time Diploma in Secretarial Fair

Name Position Training Context Period of time Application (%)

Mr.Verasak Tangsiriwattana

Promoting Staff

- Training of Trainer (TOT)

- Training for Public Speech

- Project Evaluating

Principle and Method in training

Page 4 of 18

4. Main area of specialization: Strengthen the Community Organisation

5. Personnel: 9 people

6. Participation of trainnng , seminars, courses, study tours, etc.

7. Budget of the organization

8. Activities/ Projects and Co-operation with other organization

8.1 Have your organization been co-operate with the others? Yes

8.2 The Co-operated organizations working with are:

No. Position Quan. (per.)

Responsibility Status Education English

1. Project Coordinator

1 Managing the projects perm. BS.in Community Development

Fair

2. Field Staff 6 Organization of PO. perm. Diploma in Agricultural Business

Fair

3. Accountant 2 Paper work in Office perm. BS.in Account/Computer Fair

Position Training Context Duration Application (%)

Coordinator - Technique in Office managerial skill

Strengthen organization 7 days 100%

Field staff Alternative Career Production for Sailing 3 days 100%

Field Staff Marketing Technique in Office managerial skill

4days 100%

Accountant Accounting Technique in Accounting 3 days 100%

Year Budget (Baht) Sources of budget Problems or Limitation

1998 450,000 NGOs, Gos Insufficient Budget

1999 - - Seeking source of fund

Type of Organization

Name of Organization Duration Type of Co-operation Problems

NGOs-in Thailand NGO-CORD 1 year Activities Joining Limited Budget

NGOs out of Thailand

DANCED, GDS 1 year Cooperation in Proposal project

Limited Budget

GOs Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment

6 months Joining in Training and Seminar

Uncontinuously monitor and evaluate

Int’l Organizations

National educational Institute/seminar

- Asia level

Thailand Environmental Institute

7 days Joining in Training and Seminar

-

Page 5 of 18

8.3 Activities/ projects

9. Describe how do your organizations develop and support revenue and quality of life of the poor in the communities. (if you ever done)

1. provide the education to people who lack of chance, support the alternative careers and support the marketing

10. Would you like to work with RETA Project?YES

Because this organization doesn’t have budget

11. What type of input which you would like to work with RETA Project?

Consultancy ƒ Training ƒ Others

12. What are your expectations with regards to the above-mentioned involvement?

Supporting via funding or cooperate in activities about the organization strategy

13. Are other any special restrictions/official concerns relating to your involvement with RETA Project? NO

14. Your contact information

Name Mr.Boonreung Chaimala Position Project Coordinator Address P.O. 12 Amphur Phu kheio Chaiyaphum Province 36110 Tel/Fax: (044) 861-081

Go back the List of Questionnaires

4. Local Information Center for Development

1. Established year 1982

2. Registered with Subsidiary of Rajapak Institute

3. Organization’s philosophy Development of human and CO to be strength

4. Main area of specialization building human potential and CO by emphasizing in holistic approach and

- International level

Activities/ projectsObjectives

Location Duration Problems

1. Promoting Alternative careers

Increase farmers income 3 districts 1 year Insufficient Budget

2. Study tour Open up PO's new attitude

3 districts 1 year Insufficient Budget

3. Cooperation with other NGOs

Building Cooperation among NGOs

Related agencies

1year Lack of cooperation

4. Pushing policies Modifying policies for the poor

Related agencies

1year Lack of update information

Page 6 of 18

participatory study in several problems

e.g. economic, income, environment and natural resource and health-

5. Personnel: 5 persons

6. Participation of trainnng , seminars, courses, study tours, etc.

7. Budget of the organization

8. Activities/ Projects and Co-operation with other organization

8.1 Have your organization been co-operate with the others? Yes

The Co-operated organizations working with are:

No. Position Quan. Responsibility Status Education English

1. Researchers 2 Information, working with communities

perm. BS.in Community Development

Fair

2. Coordinator 1 Coordinate and manage general jobs

perm. BS. in Education Good

3. Admin./ secretary

1 Paper work in Office perm. BS. in Computer -

4. Director 1 Policy, Plans and budget Perm. Ph.D. in History and Political

Good

5. Vice Director 1 Policy, Plans and budget Perm. MS. in Mathematics Good

Name Position Training Context Duration Application (%)

Ms. Nalinee Tangsirikul Coordinator Leadership Workshop

Strengthen organization, leading and administrating

10 days 60-70%

Mr. Preecha Ubtrakul

Ms. Nalinee Tangsirikul

Director

Coordinator

Learning Organization

Learning, analyzing, planning and researching

3 days 50-60%

Ms. Lampua Ramchey Researcher Quality research Research 5 days 80-90%

Mr. Preecha Ubtrakul Director

Environmental Management from Wisconsin-Madison

- 10 days 80-90%

Year Budget (Baht) Sources of budget Problems or Limitation

1999 ~ 1 million

1-3 millions

2-3 millions

300,000-400,000

Asia Foundation

Life (UNDP)

TEI

-

-

-

-

Page 7 of 18

8.2 Activities/ projects

9. Describe how do your organizations develop and support revenue and quality of life of the poor in the communities. (if you ever done)

9.1. Analyzing the poverty problems, community potential through the decision and activity planning by Public participation whom own land

9.2. Supporting training, study tour and developing CO group

10. Would you like to work with RETA Project? YES

11. What type of input which you would like to work with RETA Project?

ƒ Training ƒ Others co-operate in Research project and development project

12. What are your expectations with regards to the above-mentioned involvement? Partnership

Type of Organization

Name of Organization

Duration Type of Co-operation Problems

NGOs-in Thailand Wildlife Fund - Research and Information, Promoting PO and Learning Process

-

NGOs out of Thailand

- - - -

Gos TEI - Research and Information, Promoting PO, Learning Process and Strengthen PO

-

Int’l Organizations Life Project (UNDP)

Asian Foundation

Friedrich Nauman Stifftung

- Fund for running the projects -

National educational Institute/seminar

- Asia level

- International level

-

FNS/DANCED-SE

-

-

-

Study tour and seminar

-

-

Activities/ projects Objectives Location Duration Problems

1. Public Participation in Politic of Villagers

- Nakon-Rajasrima 10 months -

2. - Nakon-Rajasrima L/T -

3. Research of the Development of Specified Economic Area in Wang-Namkeaw by People Participation

- - 1year -

4. Urban Environment - - L/T -

Page 8 of 18

13. Are other any special restrictions/official concerns relating to your involvement with RETA Project?

ƒ No but must have the same objectives ƒ Yes

14. Your contact information

Name Mr. Preecha Oub-trakul Position Director Address Local Information Center for Development, Rajapak Nakonrajasima Institute, Suranarai Rd., Amphur Muang, Nakonrajasima Province 30000 Tel (044) 272-646, 256-545 Fax (044) 256-545 E-mail address rinlicd@loxinfo.co.th

Go back the List of Questionnaires

5. Esan sustainable Resource & Environmental Management Project

1. Established year: 1996

2. Registered with: Non

3. Organization’s philosophy

Co-operate with Esan CO to build and develop the sustainable community’s natural resource management system

4. Main area of specialization

Promoting community potential in natural resource management and build the steady in food

5. Personnel: 12 people

6. Participation of training, seminars, courses, study tours, etc.

No. Position Quan. (per.)

Responsibility Status Education English

1. Director 1 - - - -

2. Resources Management

1 - - - -

3. Alternative Agriculture

3 - - - -

4. Information 2 - - - -

5. Training 3 - - - -

6. Secretary and account

2 - - - -

Name Position Training Context Duration Application %

- - Santi Methodology of India

Sustainable Development from Germany

Training

- - -

Page 9 of 18

7. Budget of the organization

8. Activities/ Projects and Co-operation with other organization

8.1. Have your organization been co-operate with the others? Yes

8.2. The Co-operated organizations working with are:

8.3 Activities/ projects

9. Describe how do your organizations develop and support revenue and quality of life of the poor in the communities. ( if you ever done)

Food, Income from the forest, Plantation and Herb

Rapid Information Colecting

Year Budget (Baht)

Sources of budget Problems or Limitation

1998 9 millions DANCED Managing

1999 9 millions DANCED -

Type of Organization Name of Organization

Duration Type of Co-operation Problems

NGOs-in Thailand NGO-CORD 3 years Member and Cooperation -

NGOs out of Thailand - - - -

Gos - - - -

Int’l Organizations - - - -

National educational Institute/seminar

- Asia level

- International level

- - - -

Activities/ projects Objectives Location Duration Problems

1. Training and seminar PO in Alternative agriculture

- - - -

2. Supporting funds and equipment for forest and alternative agriculture developing

- - - -

3. Operation research with the villagers in developing community economic system

- - - -

4. Modifying local environment courses with schools and teachers

- - - -

Page 10 of 18

10. Would you like to work with RETA Project? No Because I don’t know what is your objectives

11. What type of input which you would like to work with RETA Project?

12. What are your expectations with regards to the above-mentioned involvement?

13. Are other any special restrictions/official concerns relating to your involvement with RETA Project?

Yes everything must be crystal clear.

14. Your contact information

Name Mr.Pakpoom Vitantirawat Position Director Address 59, Moo 2, Tambon Srisuk, Amphur Kantaravichai, Mahasarakam Province Mobile phone: 01-916-6316

Go back the List of Questionnaires

6. Suwannaphum Human Resource Development Foundation

1. Established year: Nov. 17, 1983

2. Registered with: The Ministry of Interior

3. Organization’s philosophy

Develop human environment and local culture

4. Main area of specialization

Focus on helping AIDS patients, rural areasan ecology and urban community management

5. Personnel: 5 people

6. Participation of training, seminars, courses, study tours, etc.

No. Position Quan. (per.)

Responsibility Status Education English

1. Manager 1 Administrate and manage in general affairs

- BS. in Social Welfare Fair

2. Coordinator 1 Community jobs - BS. in Education Fair

3. Field Staff 1 Field working - BS. in Community Development

Fair

4. Accountant 1 Office jobs and account - BS. in Education Fair

5. Volunteer 1 Field working - Diploma in management Fair

Name Position Training Context Duration Application (%)

Mr. Prajak Asata Manager Organization Administration and Management

Evaluating Skill

-

-

3 days

5 days

80%

60%

Page 11 of 18

7. Budget of the organization

8. Activities/ Projects and Co-operation with other organization

8.1 Have your organization been co-operate with the others? Yes

8.2. The Co-operated organizations working with are:

8.3 Activities/ projects

Mr. Preecha Saenrat Coordinator Skill in working with the community

Evaluating Skill

-

-

3 days

5 days

80%

60%

Ms. Sasiwimon Na-Ubon Accountant Internal jobs

Office management

Internet system using

2 days

2 days

50%

60%

Year Budget (Baht)

Sources of budget Problems or Limitation

1998 800,000 The Ministry of Health Limited budget

Type of Organization

Name of Organization

Duration Type of Co-operation Problems

NGOs-in Thailand Foundation for Children Development

2 years Cooperation in raising fund -

Foreigner NGOs FORD Foundation 2 years Asking for fund FORD Foundation is closed

Gos The Ministry of Health 6 years Asking for fund -

Int’l Organizations WHO 1 year Asking for fund -

National educational Institute/seminar

- Asia level

- International level

3 years Cooperation -

Activities/ projects Objectives Location Duration Problems

1. Warning AIDS' news Project

Helping Roi-Ed 3 years Uncontinuous supporting budget

2. Children's education fund Project

Supporting education fund for poor children

Roi-Ed Every year From donation

3. Lai-Yai Watershed Promoting and developing Project

Conservation of the environment and nature

Roi-Ed 2 years -

4. Agriculture for self-reliance Project

Promoting agriculture for villagers' self-reliance

Roi-Ed 1 year -

Page 12 of 18

8.4 Describe how do your organizations develop and support revenue and quality of life of the poor in the communities. (if you ever done)

1. Develop savings funds 2. Generate income to strengthened Community Organisations 3. Villagers have the extra income within their communities

9. Would you like to work with RETA Project? YES

10. What type of input which you would like to work with RETA Project? Consultancy and Training

11. What are your expectations with regards to the above-mentioned involvement? Co-operation

12. Are other any special restrictions/official concerns relating to your involvement with RETA Project? NO

13. Your contact information

Name Mr.Prajak Anatta Position Manager Address 792, Moo 20, Tambon Sraku, Amphur Suwannaphum, Roi-ed Province 45130 Tel/Fax: (043) 581-298

Go back the List of Questionnaires

7. Grassroots Integrated Development Foundation

1. Established year: October 1984

2. Registered with: The National Cultural Commission

3. Organization’s philosophy Develop the quality of life both in social and economic features of the people in Kularonghai Field by using the process of public participation and lead them to be self-reliance

4. Main area of specialization

Strengthen the CO to be able to solve the problems and protect their own right in social, economic, politic and environmental and natural resource management by CO.

5. Personnel: 15 people

No. Position Quan.

(per.)

Responsibility Status Education English

1. Director 1 Coordinate source of fund, taking of the organization in overall

Temp. MS. in Public Administration

Good

2. Project Head 1 Develop site jobs Perm. MS. in Political Science (Policy and Project Administration)

Fair

3. Training Center Head

1 Foundation's Training Center and training

Perm. BA.in History Fair

4. Office Head 1 General management Perm. BA.in Humanity Fair

5. Field staff 4 Promoting agriculture/ financial/ local politic

Perm. BS. in Agriculture and Community Development

Fair

6. Trainer 1 Development of courses and training

Perm. BS. in Community Development

Fair

7. Training service Officer

1 PR. Training courses Perm. Diploma in Accountant Poor

Page 13 of 18

6. Participation of training, seminars, courses, study tours, etc.

7. Budget of the organization

8. Activities/ Projects and Co-operation with other organization

8.1 Have your organization been co-operate with the others? Yes

The Co-operated organizations working with are:

8. Agricultural center officer

1 Training in agriculture Perm. Agriculture Poor

9. Accountant 1 Account/admin. Perm. Marketing Poor

10 Financial officer 1 Finance Perm. Marketing Poor

11 Driver, maid 2 Service jobs Perm. Grade 4, grade 12 Poor

Position Training Context Duration Application %

Every position TOT(Training of Trainer) Training trainers 1 week 90%

Operation Center - Courses Developing

+ RRA + Gender + Working with Small Farmer

- Computer training

Create training course

develop gender's roles

Guideline for working with the poor

Application windows 3.1 program

3 days

3 days

5 days

3 days

30 hours

70%

70%

70%

70%

50%

Year Budget (Baht) Sources of budget Problems or Limitation

1998 2 millions BILANCE, Netherlands Limited budget

1999 2 millions BILANCE, Netherlands Limited budget

Type of Organization

Name of Organization Duration Type of Co-operation

NGOs-in Thailand RECOFTC, NGO-CORD Continuous Cooperation in studying, situation information analyzing and training

Foreign NGOs Save the Children (UK) 1 year TOT and development consultant

Gos -The Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment

-Tambon (Sub-District) Administration Organization

- District Office

Continuous - Asking for fund and joining activities

Promoting Development

Promoting Development

Int’l Organizations - - -

National educational Institute/seminar

Research Development Institute (RDI) (Khon Kean University)

3 years Academic and Research supporting for development

Page 14 of 18

8.2 Activities/ projects

8.3. Describe how do your organizations develop and support revenue and quality of life of the poor in the communities. (if you ever done)

1. Promoting the strength of the CO by development in analyzing problems potential, planning and summarizing the knowledge by CO and, increase the negotiative potential to protect CO’s benefit by developing CO network

2. Aware CO’s leader by pushing the output of the development to the poor 3. Directly promote and develop the activities for the poor e.g. second job

9. Would you like to work with RETA Project? Yes Because need help from several organization to collect the resources for community development

10 What type of input which you would like to work with RETA Project? Consultancy: Training Others Technical and fund

- Asia level

- International level

-

-

-

-

-

-

Activities/ projects Objectives Location Duration

1. Promoting farmer Group For developing Jasmin rice production

Promote and marketing of Jasmin Rice

Promoting Network of Rice Farmer Group

5 Districts in Roi-Ed 3 years

2. Supporting Cattle-raising Developing career and income for Cattle-raising group

Promoting Network of Cattle-raising group

3 districts in Roi-Ed 3 years

3. Promoting community financial institute

Developing of woman capacity for financial group management

Developing Community Fund for People group in Tungkularonghai Area

5 Districts in Roi-Ed 3 years

4. Promoting Natural Resources and Environmental Management

Promoting Natural Resources and Environmental Management by CO

Promote Career and income for the effected people by Natural Resources Management

Roi-Ed, Surin and Srisaket

3 year

5. Promoting basic democratic knowledge

For Development Tambon (Sub-District) Administration Organization capacity for Local Development Self-operation

Develop cooperation in taking care and developing community

5 Districts in Roi-Ed 3 years

6. Human resources Development and PR.

Developing courses from rural development experiences

Northeast Region 3 years

Page 15 of 18

11. What are your expectations with regards to the above-mentioned involvement?

Cooperating to utilize natural resources development for better living quality

12. Are other any special restrictions/official concerns relating to your involvement with RETA Project? No

13. Your contact information

Name Mr.Veerapan Prohm-montri Position Director Address P.O.Box 10, »·¨. Kaset-wisai, Amphur Kasetwisai, Roi-ed Province Tel/Fax (043) 589-338 Mobile phone: 01-974-2339

Go back the List of Questionnaires

8. Progressive Farmer Association

1. Established: Nov 21, 1986

2. Registered with the National Cultural Commission

3. Organization’s philosophy

Develop local people to be self-reliance by supporting income increasing in Esan

4. Main area of specialization

Supporting economic forest plantation in communities

5. Personnel: 50 people

6. Participation of training, seminars, courses, study tours, etc.

No. Position Quant (per)

Responsibility Status Education English

1. Project Manager 1 Taking of the organization in overall

Perm. Diploma in Banking Poor

2. Office Manager 1 Monitoring and evaluating Perm. BA. in Accounting Fair

3. Office Manager 1 Personnel and finance Perm. Certificate in Secretary Good

4. Project Head 1 Rice Bank Project Perm. BA.in Agricultural Administration

Poor

5. Project Head 1 Community Economic Forest Project

Perm. Diploma in Agriculture Poor

6. Project Head 1 Fishing Development in villages Project

Perm. BS. in Agriculture Poor

7. Project Head 1 Cattle Bank Project Perm. BS. in Husbandry Poor

8. Field Staff 20 Supporting Field Activities Perm. Diploma in Agriculture Poor

9. Officers 13 Finance, admin., accounting Perm. Diploma in Accounting/secretary

Poor

10 General Officers 10 General works Perm. - Poor

Name Position Trained courses Context Duration Application (%)

Page 16 of 18

7. Budget of the organization

8. Activities/ Projects and Co-operation with other organization

8.1 Have your organization been co-operate with the others? Yes

The Co-operated organizations working with are:

8.2. Activities/ projects

Mr. Taveesak Project Manager Rural Development Rural Development 3 years 100%

Mr. RamRit/

Mr. Yuttana/

Project Head New Theory for Rice Production

Improve soil quality/ conservation

60 days 100%

Mr. Samat Project Head 90 days 100%

Ms.Jareeya Office Manager Personal Development Personal Development 3 years 100%

Mr.Sak-suriya Project Head Cattle Farming Development of Cattle Farming

30 days 100%

Year Budget (Baht)

Sources of budget Problems or Limitation

1998 50 millions Oversea and Associations Fund is decreased

1999 40 millions Oversea and Associations Fund is decreased

Type of Organization Name of Organization Duration Type of Co-operation Problems

NGOs-in Thailand - - - -

Foreign NGOs - Thai-German Fund

- German Agro Action

10 years

10 years

In everyway

Funding sources

Fund is decreased

Gos - Office of Raw Rubber Fund 3 years Providing Investment loan for farmers

Fund is decreased

Int’l Organizations - - - -

National educational Institute/seminar

- Asia level

- International level

Several Agencies

Philippines and Japan

Israel and German

Many years

20-90 days

30-40 days

Seminar

Funding sources

Funding sources

Policies and Objectives are not consistent

-

-

Activities/ projects Objectives Location Duration Problems

1. Rice Bank Project improve soil quality 2 Provinces 10 years Rice price is not stable

2. Economic Forest Project increase income and build up Community Forest

2 provinces 9 years Drought

Page 17 of 18

9. Describe how do your organizations develop and support revenue and quality of life of the poor in the communities. (if you ever done)

1. Supporting every project which help the poor in income generation and mainly conservation in soil and environment

2. Supporting forest planting and optimize utilisation of resources

10. Would you like to work with RETA Project? YES

11. What type of input which you would like to work with RETA Project?

Consultancy: Training Others Cooperate in the project in which we have been experienced

12. What are your expectations with regards to the above-mentioned involvement?

Now, others are the organizations from LAO and VIETNAM to study tour and trained in preserving the forest which is informal education and we can coordinate with our neighbour

13. Are other any special restrictions/official concerns relating to your involvement with RETA Project? Yes

Must be the project in which we have been experienced and received the fund

14. Your contact information

Name Mr.Montri Kosulwat Position Secretariat Address 73 Pratej-Dhurakij Rd., Tambon Khulhu, Amphur Trakanpuchpol, Ubon-Rajathani Province 34130 Tel (045) 481-144-5 Fax (045) 481-150

Go back the List of Questionnaires

3. Cattle Bank Project Promote cattle farming 2 provinces 8 years -

4. Fishing Development Project

Increase food and income

2 provinces 3 years Funding sources

-

Page 18 of 18

9. Sustainable Community Development Foundation

1. Established in Mar. 20, 1995

2. Registered with the National Cultural Commission

3. Organization’s philosophy: Supporting people to have the good quality of life and environment

4. Main area of specialization: Supporting economic forest plantation in communities

5. Number of Staff: 12 person as follows:

6. Training/Seminar

7. Budget

8. Activities, Project and cooperate among the NGOs

8.1 Do you work with the other NGOs? Yes

The cooperated Agencies

Position No. Responsibilities Status Education/major Eng.

President 1 Coordinate with the other agencies

Volunteer Bs. of medical care of in surgery

Good

Vice President

1 Administrate the project Volunteer Bs. of general medical care

Good

Secretary 1 Coordinate inhouse jobs Volunteer Bs. of prevention medical care

Good

Accountant 2 Financial Volunteer Nurse Fair

Trainer 1 Training Perm. BA. Fair

Field staff 2 coordinate with the villages Perm. BS. of community development

Poor

Field staff 4 coordinate with the villages Volunteer Nurse Fair

Name Position Training/seminar courses

Duration Application %

Ms. Punnee Samerpark Trainer 1. RSA : data collecting

2. AIC : group processing

1 week

1 week

20%

50%

Mr. Danai Petchsangharn Field Staff 1. AIC : group processing 1 week 50%

Ms. Supaporn Petchsangharn Field Staff 1. AIC : group processing 1 week 50%

Year Budget (approx.)

Sources of Budget Problems / Limitation

1998 2 million UNICEF, The Ministry of Labor Non

1999 2.5 million UNICEF, The Ministry of Labor Non

Page 1 of 18

8.2 Organization’s activities and projects

9. Describe how do your organizations develop and support revenue and quality of life of the poor in the communities. (if you ever done)

1. Supporting every project which help the poor in income generation and mainly conservation in soil and environment

2. Supporting forest planting and optimize the resources

10. Would you like to work with RETA Project? YES

11. What type of input which you would like to work with RETA Project?

Consultancy: Training Others Cooperate in the project in which we have been experienced

12. What are your expectations with regards to the above-mentioned involvement?

Now, others are the organizations from LAO and VIETNAM to study tour and trained in preserving the forest which is informal education and we can coordinate with our neighbour

13. Are other any special restrictions/official concerns relating to your involvement with RETA Project? Yes

Type of organizations Name Duration Type of cooperation Problems

NGOs in the country

Foreign NGOs

The institute of the development of local communites

UNICEF

2 years

4 years

Held the speech of the Esan elite

Held the speech of the youth right network in village, district and Province level

Non

Non

Gos The Ministry of Health

5 years Support the Organization Non

International Organization

WHO, EU 1 year Support Health care reform non

Training Institute

- National Level

- Asia Level

- Int’l Level

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Activities/ projects Objectives Operation Sites duration Problems

1. Self-reliance learning network project

learn and manage to self-reliance

52 villages in 4 districts 4 years Non

2. Self-reliance magazine project

quarterly magazine / 4000 circulation

distributed throughout the country

8 years Not enough budget

3. Greenhouse project

primary nursery the local trees

1141 families of 52 villages in 4 districts

2 years Not enough budget

Page 2 of 18

Must be the project in which we have been experienced and received the fund

14 Your contact information

Name Mr.Montri Kosulwat Position Secretariat Address 73 Pratej-Dhurakij Rd., Tambon Khulhu, Amphur Trakanpuchpol, Ubon-Rajathani Province 34130 Tel (045) 481-144-5 Fax (045) 481-150

Go back the List of Questionnaires

10. Promotion of Human Resources for Community Development Foundation

1. Established in October,1980

2. Registered with the National Cultural Commission and Department of Environmental Quality Control

3. Organization’s philosophy: Support the poor to have quality of life and to have the dignity. To make the network local people

4. Main area of specialization: Conservation and restoration in Environment and rural development

5. Organization’s capacity

5.1 Personnel: 22 persons

5.2 Participation of training, seminars, courses, study tours, etc.

6. Budget of the organization

No. Position Pers. Responsibility Status Education English

1. Director 1 Manage the organisation and coordinate the fund

permanent Bachelor degree in developing administration

good

2. Province coordinator

5 Coordinate and manage the project in province level

permanent B.Sc. in law/political science/social development/science

fair

3. Office coordinator

1 Coordinate and manage the work in office

permanent Bachelor degree in social science

fair

4. Accounting 1 Secretarial finance and accounting

permanent Bachelor degree in accounting

bad

5 Field staff 12 Coordinate field work-and communities

permanent Bachelor degree in social science/education/science

fair/bad

6. Secretary/clerk 2 Paper work and administration in office

permanent Bachelor degree in librarian/diploma in accounting

bad

Name Position Training Context Period Application (%)

Mr. Narit Coordinator PAR/FSC participation research 3 months 100%

Ms.Nantawan office staff PAR/PAP participation planning 1 month 100%

Mr.Thongpoon coordinator PAR/PAP participation planning 1 month 50%

Page 3 of 18

7. Activities/ Projects and Co-operation with other organization

7.1 Have your organization been co-operate with the others? YES

The Co-operated organizations working with are:

7.2 Activities/ projects

7.3. Describe how do your organizations develop and support revenue and quality of life of the poor in the communities. (if you ever done)

1. Sustainable development of agriculturalists to provide adequate supplies, income and to be self sufficient.

2. Extension of savings facilities as community savings funds and development of occupations to increase income.

3. Restore and conserve forest mangrove forests and freshwater forest to provide a food source and increase future supplies.

8. Would you like to work with RETA Project? Yes

Year Budget (Baht) Sources of budget Problems or Limitation

1998 4,000,000 Baht BILANCE/MISEROR No source of funding after year 1999

1999 4,000,000 Baht BILANCE/MISEROR

Type of Organization

Name of Organization Period of time

Type of Co-operation

Problems

NGOs-in Thailand NGOs, names not to be mentioned

Uncertain national network conflict sometime

NGOs out of Thailand

ANGOC 3 yrs. international network

-

Gos Gos, names not to be mentioned

Uncertain funding and equipment

Cooperation is not smooth.

Int’l Organizations FAO 3 yrs. funding and training

Funding is not enough (limit)

National educational Institute/seminar

- Asia level

- International level

--

Activities/ projects Objectives Location Period of time

Problems

Develop agriculture system

to restore environment and to make the secure in food

Phichit / Nakhon Sawan/ 10years--

Income generation enough revenue and don’t migrate the labour

Lampun/Chachoengsao 17 years

Conserve and restore community and family forest

conserve and restore source of food medicine increase revenue

Chacheongsao and Songkhla

10 years

Page 4 of 18

9. What type of input which you would like to work with RETA Project?

Training and Others

Work as cooperants in field work

10. What are your expectations with regards to the above-mentioned involvement?

Develop a participatory cooperative approach to poverty alleviation develop their capacity for self sufficiency and community stability.

11. Are other any special restrictions/official concerns relating to your involvement with RETA Project?

Yes We do not have funding to be involved in any collaborative exercise with RETA.

12 Your contact information

Name: Ms. Tongpun Seeleungorn Position Office coordinating secretary Address 2/79 Chalermsuk 9, Soi Ramintra 14, Ramintra Road, Lardprao, Bangkok, 10230. Tel: (02) 510 6494 Fax (02) 519 4762 E-mail address taweriat@mozart.inet.co.th

Go back the List of Questionnaires

11. Local Development Institute

1. Established year: 1990

2. Registered with: The National Cultural Commission ,Ministry of Education

3. Organization’s philosophy: To strengthen the capacity for self determination in poor communities by enhancing the effectiveness of NGOs and community development.

4. Main area of specialization: Rural poor on social aspect, community, forest, community enterprise

5. Organization’s capacity:

5.1 Personnel: 14 people

5.2 Participation of training, seminars, courses, study tours, etc.

No. Position Pers. Responsibility Status Education English

1. General Secretary 1 Policy Planning Part-time Medical Doctor Good

2. Director 1 Policy/Management full time Good

3. Staff 12 Research full time Various poor

community Enterprise

NGO net working

Biodiversity/Forestry

Name Position training Context Period Application (%)

All staff PRA/AIC/Meta

Page 5 of 18

6. Budget of the organization

7. Activities/ Projects and Co-operation with other organization

7.1 Have your organization been co-operate with the others? YES

The Co-operated organizations working with are:

7.2 Activities/ projects

8. Describe how do your organizations develop and support revenue and quality of life of the poor in the communities. (if you ever done) ---

9. Would you like to work with RETA Project? YES

10. What type of input which you would like to work with RETA Project?

Plan/Future

Year Budget (Baht) Sources of budget Problems or Limitation

1997 28,000,000 Baht CIDA/Ford/Gov. none

1998 22,000,000 Baht CAGIN/Krongthai Bank/ Japan Foundation

none

Type of Organization Name of Organization Period of time

Type of Co-operation

Problems

NGOs-in Thailand TS/PDA/Village Foundation/NGO-CORD

NGOs out of Thailand

Gos Ministry of Interior

Int’l Organizations CIDA/CAGIN/Ford

National educational Institute/seminar

- Asia level

- International level

RECOFTC

Activities/ projects Objectives Location Period of time

Problems

1. Civil society Thailand continuos

2. Social forestry Thailand continuos

3.Biodiversity Thailand continuos

4. Community enterprise Thailand continuos

Page 6 of 18

Consultancy and Others: Act as project executant

11. What are your expectations with regards to the above-mentioned involvement?

- To be source of information

- To be a counterpart

12. Are other any special restrictions/official concerns relating to your involvement with RETA Project? No

13. Your contact information Name: Benjamas Siripatra Position Director Address Department of Medical Science,2nd Buiding,693 Bumrungmuang Rd., Pomprab, Bangkok 10100 Tel (02)223-6713,225-7293,226-6373 Fax (02) 226-4718 E-mail address ldi@loxinfo.co.th

Go back the List of Questionnaires

12. Rural reconstruction Alumni and friends association

1. Established in year 1983

2. Registered with: No

3. Organization’s philosophy: Develop local capacity of public organisations to be vocal and promote alternative agriculture and resource management for community organisations to devise suitable policy for agriculturalists and citizens.

4. Main area of specialization:

Support village organisations and NGO Cord

Develop capacity for integrated agriculture and sustainable management of local resources

5. Organization’s capacity

5.1 Personnel: 12 people

No Position Pers. Responsibility Status Education English

1 Coordinator 1 Coordination of all work and management

Full Msc Human settlements Good

2 Secretary 1 Office administration Full B.Sc. Economics fair

3 Accountant 1 Accounts and finance Full B.Sc. finance fair

4 Clerk 1 Secretarial duties Full B.Sc. Humanities fair

5 Food security 1 Project organisation Full Msc Social development Good

6 Volunteer 1 Policy study volunteer B.Sc. Soil Good

7 Resource/ agricultural

1 Project worker Full Msc social development good

8 Agriculturalist 1 Development of alternative agricultural techniques

Full B.Sc. Social studies good

9 Development workers

1 Development of media and workshop materials

Full B.Sc. Art fair

10 Data collector 1 Collect and analyse data Full B.Sc. Social studies fair

11 Field staff 2 Extension of resource use Volunteer B.Sc. Social science fair

Page 7 of 18

5.2 Participation of training, seminars, courses, study tours, etc.

6. Budget of the organization

7. Activities/ Projects and Co-operation with other organization

7.1 Have your organization been co-operate with the others? Yes

The Co-operated organizations working with are:

7.2. Activities/ projects

and agricultural techniques in the field

Name Position Training Context Period Application (%)

field worker sustainable resource management

Development of sustainable resource utilisation model development

1 week 75%

field worker Gender and resources

Tools and techniques for working on resource gender issues

5 days 60%

Clerk English Communications 30 hs 50%

Year Budget (Baht) Sources of budget Problems or Limitation

1997 5,000,000 Bilance/Miserior Funding source will phase out in 2000

1998 5,000,000 Bilance/Miserior

Type of Organization Name of Organization

Period of time

Type of Co-operation Problems

NGOs-in Thailand NGO’s in Thailand

Coordination and introduce agricultural extension and resources

None

NGOs out of Thailand

Gos

Int’l Organizations

National educational Institute/seminar

- Asia level

- International level

RECOFTC Coordination and workshop organisation

Activities/ projects Objectives Location Period of time Problems

Food security research Knowledge Thailand 3 years

Page 8 of 18

8. Describe how do your organizations develop and support revenue and quality of life of the poor in the communities. (if you ever done)

Development of low input and environmentally friendly agriculture to improve the livelihoods of farmers via sustainable self sufficient techniques.

9. Would you like to work with RETA Project? YES Because

10. What type of input which you would like to work with RETA Project?

11. What are your expectations with regards to the above-mentioned involvement?

If RETA promote alternative agriculture and sustainable resource management via participatory approaches we would be very happy to cooperate.

12. Are other any special restrictions/official concerns relating to your involvement with RETA Project?

13. Your contact information

Name: Pornpimon Rhotjnapoh Position Association management coordinator Address 67 Sukhumvit 55, Soi Tonglor 3, Bangkok, 10110. Tel (02) 712 6442 Fax (02) 391 1771 E-mail address rrafa@loxinfo.co.th

Go back the List of Questionnaires

13. Population and Community Development Association

1. Established in year 1977

2. Registered with Police Department

3. Organization’s philosophy: Develop social, environment and medical service to make the quality of people life better

4. Main area of specialization: Family planning and rural development

5. Organization’s capacity

5.1 Personnel: 454 people

Extension of alternative agriculture and natural resource management to peoples organisations

Alternative techniques development and workshops to promote development process

Northeast 3 years

No. Position Pers. Responsibility Status Education Engl.

1. President Command and control workplan the policy and coordinate all activities

2. Senior Executive Vice President Assist President and deputize in his absence

3. Vice President help Senior Executive and deputise for Vice President and Senior Executive VP

Page 9 of 18

5.2 Participation of training, seminars, courses, study tours, etc.

4. Bureau Director Direction, policy and coordinate work plan for all activities in the department

5. Division Manager To plan ,coordinate and manage all activities of division following policy.

6. Branch Office Director To plan ,coordinate and manage all activities of Branch following policy

7. Branch Office Head To coordinate and manage all activities of Branch following policy

8. Officer : Medical Doctor, Dentist, Pharmacist,

Planning Officer, Engineering, Architect, Operations Officer, Agriculture Office, Animal Husbandry Officer, Registered Nurse, Nurse Aid, Dental Assistant, x-ray Operator, Accountant, Internal Auditor, Cashier, Cash Collector, Procurement, Procurement Officer, Computer, Researcher, Statistician, Training Officer, Public Relations

Officer, Audio-Visual Officer, Artist, Social Worker, Secretary, Administration Officer, Stock Clerk, Technician, Mechanic/repairman, Pre-Primary Education Teacher, Driver, Maid, Security Guard

work in their duties

Name Position Training Context Period of time

Application (%)

Organisation and Management of Small Scale Enterprises

7 weeks

Management of NGO 12 days

English for Business Administration 3 months

DAC Regional Consultation on Development Challenges and the Role of Development Co-operation in the three Mekong Countries

2 days

Course Human Resource Planning 6 weeks

Youth and Population 1 week

Regional Training Orientation Course on The Principles and Practice of Appropriate Technology Development

1 month

Advanced Training of Trainers Course 5 weeks

Manage and support for ¡ÅØèÁ¾Ö觵¹àͧ Course

5 days

Collect Data Technique Course 1 day

Secretarial Training Course 3 days

Development of capable local facilitators Course

2 days

Page 10 of 18

6. Budget of the organization. No information provided

7. Activities/ Projects and Co-operation with other organization

7.1 Have your organization been co-operate with the others? Yes

The Co-operated organizations working with are:

Community Forest Act 2 days

Business Accounting Course 2 days

Emergency Service, Waste and environmental Management Course

2 weeks

Agriculture Extension 13 days

The Principle and Practice of Appropriate Technology Practitioners Focused on Alternative Energy Technologies

1 month

Human Resource Development Challenges in 21st Century

5 days

Quality Service in FP and Reproductive Health

2 weeks

Accounting for Executive Course 2 days

Conflict Management in NTFP utilisation Course

4 days

Marketing of Tree and Forest Products 3 weeks

Strategies for Training Manager 3 days

Project Writing Course 3 days

Service Technique Course 3 days

Seminar on Integrated Rural Development 6 days

Working in Aids Protect Seminar 6 days

Seminar in Vietnam 3 days

Seminar in China 3 days

Study Tour in China 8 days

Study Tour in Japan 11 days

Study Tour in Israel 12 days

Type of Organization

Name of Organization Period of time

Type of Co-operation

Problems

NGOs-in Thailand -AIDS Counseling Centers and Education Support Services(ACCESS)

-Thai Red Cross Program on Aids

-The Foundation for Thailand Rural Reconstruction Movement(TRRM)

-Thai Association for Voluntary Sterilization and Quality of Life Development (TAS)

-Association for the Promotion of the Status of Women (APSW)

Page 11 of 18

7.2. Activities/ projects

-The Planned Parenthood Association of Thailand (PPAT)

-Thailand Business Coalition AIDS (TBCA)

-The Family Planning Project of Northern Thailand

NGOs out of Thailand

-KONRAD Adenauer Stiftung-Germany&Vietnam

-Danish Cooperation for Environment and Development (DANCED)

-Canadian International development Agency (CIDA)

-CARE International

-Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA)

-Ford Foundation

-Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation(NORAD)

-NEDO

GOs -Office of National Economic and Social deelopment

-Ministry of Public Health

-Ministry of Industry

-Ministry of Interior

-Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment

-Petroleum Athority of Thailand

-Banks

Private sector

Int’l Organizations

National educational Institute/seminar

- Asia level

- International level

-Chulalongkorn University

-Srinakarintaravirote University

-Sukhothaitammathirat University

Activities/ projects Objectives Location Period of time

Problems

-The Community Based Village Family Planning Project

Page 12 of 18

(CBEFPS)

-The Family Planning Health and Hygiene Project (FPHH)

-The Integrated Project of Family Planning and Parasite Control (FPPC)

-The village Family Planning and Health Care Project (FPHC)

-The Thai Youth Project

-Family Planning and Community Development for the Hilltribes of Northern, Thailand

-Community Based voluntary Sterilization Project

-Institution Program

-Private Sector Program

-Construction Workers Day Care Center Project

-Fund Raising Program

-Agriculture, Farm Management and Health Training Project (KONRAD-RP)

-Promotion of Village Level Technology in Thailand

-Toward Self Reliance in Northeast Thailand : Integrated a Village Development Along Thai-Kampuchea Border of Surin Province (CUSO)

-Khao Lor Development Project

-Community Based Integrated Rural Development(CBIRD)

-Village Experimental and Community Based Incentives(Thailand)-CBIT

-Small Farmers Bee Keeping Project

-Rain Water Collect and Storage Project (TUNG-NAM)

-Pilot Project to Test the Acceptability of the PVC Handpump at the Village Level in Thailand

-Small Farmer Fair Price Program

-Assistance to Kampuchea Refugees in Thailand

-Grain for Refugees

-Community Forestry Project

-International Training Program

-Development Communication Project

-Food for Work Project

Page 13 of 18

-Fish Powder Concentrate Marketing Project

-Southern Thailand Rainwater Collection and Storage Project

-Southern Thailand Latrine Project

-Community Based Integrated Rural Development of Nang Rong Project (CBIRD Nong Rong)

-Oral Rehydration Salts Project

-Decentralized Development Management Project (DDMP)

-Rural Small Scale Industry Project )RSSI-VCC)

-Protein Enriched Cassava Project

-Telephone Health Message Project (THM)

-Chiangmai Plaza Project

-Rape Crisis Center

-Southern Thailand Appropriated Resources and Technical Support (STARTS)

-Rural Development for Conservation (SUB-TAI)

-The Ex-Convict Rehabilitation Project

-Northern Thailand Rainwater Collection And Storage Project

-Water Resource Development Project

-Environmental Sanitation Project

-Village Experimental and Community Based Incentives Thailand (CBIT SURIN)

-Community Based Integrated Rural Development (CBIRD-IENG PA PAO)

-Community Based Integrated Rural Development (CBIRD-CHAKKARAT)

-Improvement of PDA’s Evaluation Management, Information and Financial Management System (MIS)

-The Factory Based Family Planning Services (JSI)

-Safe Food in School Project

-Family Planning and Occupational Health Project

-Parent/peer Group Drug Abuse Prevention Project (PDAP)

-Orphanage Programme

-Small and Medium Sized Entrepreneurs Training Project (KONRAD-SME)

Page 14 of 18

8. Describe how do your organizations develop and support revenue and quality of life of the poor in the communities. (if you ever done)

9. Would you like to work with RETA Project? YES

-Evaluation of PDA’s Family Planning Products Marketing Capability

-The Thai Business Initiative in Rural Development Project (TBRID)

-Strengthening Women’s Abilities to Participate in Village Development Planning and Decision Making Process (WAPD)

-Woman’s Participation & Environmental Awareness Project (KONRAD-WAPD)

-Golden Royal Reforestration Project

-IFCT Forest Plant Project

-Saha Union Forest Plant Project

-Aids Project (50 Projects)

-Gender Sensitive Venture Capital Project (GSVC)

-South to South Global Project

-Vegetable Bank

-Rural Industry Promotion Project

-Golden Jubilee Scholarship Program

Student Environmental Education and Demonstration (SEED)

-Community Participation and Income Generation Project (KONRAD-CPI)

-Lighthouse Project

-Community Livihood Deeloment Project Goal of Village effected by the Thai/Burma gas Pipeline Project

-Revolving Fund Rural Industries Development Fund (RIDE)

-Pa Taem Project

-Community Forest Management Project (CFMP)

-Family Planning for Hill Tribe Project (AusAID)

-Mountain Tap Water Project

-Community Health Project

Page 15 of 18

10. What type of input which you would like to work with RETA Project? Training

11. What are your expectations with regards to the above-mentioned involvement?

For cooperation in country development especially Mekong River area. The cooperation are training and exchange information and experience

12. Are other any special restrictions/official concerns relating to your involvement with RETA Project? NO

13. Your contact information

Name: Mr. Pramote Sonchitti Position Vice President Address 6 Sukhumvit 12 Bangkok 10110 Tel (02) 229-4611-28 Fax: (02)229-4632 E-mail address pda@mozart.inet.co.th

Go back the List of Questionnaires

14. The Farmer Foundation of Thailand

1. Founded: December 28, 1993

2. Registered with National Cultural Commission

3. Objectives

1. Provide farmers the formal and informal education and training working skill (no discrimination) 2. Protect and conserve the environment and natural resources

4. Focused activities: Education and career in agricultural section, culture and lifestyle of local people, balance cohabitant between human and nature, and conserve and recover the quality of the environment.

5. Potential of the organization

5.1 Number of Staff: 26 person as follows:

5.2. Training/Seminar

No. Position Responsibilities Status Education/major Eng.

1 Manager Direct and manage the office

Volunteer Secondary level-grade12

P

2 Asst. Manager Assist to administrate the office and field work

Volunteer Secondary level-grade 9

P

3 Accountant Paper work and correspondence

Volunteer Primary to secondary level grade 4-12

P

6 Coordinator Database, activities and development jobs

Volunteer Grade 16- Diploma in accountant

F

1 Livestock bank project leader

Administrate the project and subsidiaries

Volunteer Grade 12 P

6 Species promoting and developing staff

Animal husbandry and Hybrid breeding

Full time Grade 12 P

5 Environmental Staff Coordinating technique and human relation

Volunteer Grade 12 P

Page 16 of 18

6. Budget

7. Activities, Project and cooperate among the NGOs

7.1 Do you work with the other NGOs? YES

The cooperated Agencies

7.2 Organization’s activities and projects

Position Training/seminar courses Duration Appli. %

Admin. Staff and coordinate Data collecting and IS 30 days 90%

Species promoting and developing staff

Animal Husbandry 10 days 100%

Environmental staff Coordinating technique and human relation

15 days 90%

Year Budget (approx.)

Sources of Budget Problems / Limitation

1998 70,000 Baht Member Donation Not enough budget

Type of organizations Name Duration Type of cooperation Problems

NGOs in the country

Foreign NGOs

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Gos - - - -

International Organization CRS 2 years Training and supporting activities

discontinuous operation and the increasing of the member

Training Institute

- National Level

- Asia Level

- Int’l Level

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Activities/ projects Objectives Operation Sites duration Problems

1. Livestock Bank Project

promote-conserve and conserve livestock for labor and increasing income

6 districts in Khon kaen

2 years No supporting fund and increasing of the member

2. Communities mill and industrial communities mill Projects

increase the farmer incomes by rice processing.

12 provinces in ESAN

5 years Lack of management knowledge and budget for storing rice

Page 17 of 18

8. Describe how your organization participate in develop and increase income and quality of life for the poor in rural areas.

1. Livestock Bank Project solve the livestock renting for labor. Farmers have more right and income. 2. Communities realized the worth of water resource from the Conservation of the community’s

environment in the north of Shee Watershed Project

9. Would you like to join the RETA project? Yes

10. Which way would you like to join us in our project?

Consultant, training and supporting on site activities.

11. What is your expectation in joining RETA project? To be the organization which providing knowledge and technique for management and exchange the agricultural information.

12. Do you have any condition to join with us? no

13. Your Contact Informations Mr. Sakai Pimbeung Position: secretary Address: The Farmer Foundation of Thailand 186 Moo 6 Tambon Prayeun Prayeun District Khon kaen province 40320 Tel/Fax Mobile Phone: 01-670-3166 and 01-661-1307

Go back the List of Questionnaires

Page 18 of 18

15. Local Area Development Support Project

1. Founded: July, 1994

2. Registered with. Not registered

3. Objectives: Developing the quality of farmer lives by passing the potential developing of the communities

4. Focused activities: Development of CO for Self-reliance and supporting career

5. Potential of the organization

5.1. Number of Staff: 4 person as follows:

5.2. Training/Seminar: No answer

5.3. Budget

6. Activities, Project and cooperate among the NGOs

6.1. Do you work with the other NGOs? YES

The cooperated Agencies

6.2 Organization’s activities and projects

Position No. Responsibilities Status Education/major Eng.

Coordinator 1 - Perm. BS. in Political Science F

Field staff 3 - Perm. Diploma of local development voluntary F

Year Budget(approx.) Sources of Budget Problems / Limitation

1998 1.2 million AusAID, Australia Project ended

Type of organizations

Name Duration Type of cooperation Problems

NGOs in the country

Foreign NGOs

NGO Cord

CAA, Australia

4 years

4 years

set the activities for grouping the villagers

giving the suggestion, monitoring and evaluating

Time and plan are not consistent

---

Gos ALRO. 6-7 years cooperating in making plan and activities in the area reformed

Staff coordinates discontinuous

Int’l Organization -- -- -- --

Training Institute

National Level

Rajapak Ubonraja

thani Institute/RIC/PHC.kk.

6 years Activities, Information and training

-

Activities/ projects Objectives Operation Sites duration Problems

Page 1 of 14

6.3. Describe how your organization participate in develop and increase income and quality of life for the poor in rural areas.

Doing the mentioned projects until CO strengthened up and build trainers then become the places for CO and the other network study tour

7. Would you like to join the RETA project? Yes, activities and sites consist with RETA Project.

8. Which way would you like to join us our project? Consultant and training

9. What is your expectation in joining RETA project? Cooperate in training and exchanging the experiences.

10. Do you have any condition to join with us? No

11. Address Mr. Chana Piyaganont Position: Coordinator Local Area Development Support Project 419 Moo 8 Tambon Mueng-Dej Dej-Udom District Rajathani Province 4032034160 Tel/Fax: (045) 289-084

Go back the List of Questionnaires

16. NET Foundation

1. Founded in November 19, 1986

2. Registered with The Ministry of Interior

3. Objectives

1. Develop Community Organisation to be strength 2. Supporting and providing knowledge to Community Organisation 3. Develop the associating between public and private Sectors

4. Focused activities: Strengthen CO, career and natural resources

5. Potential of the organization

5.1 Number of Staff 31 person as follows: Most of them graduated in Bachelor degree, 3 volunteers, 1 foreign consultant and training center staff about 20 person.

5.2 Training/Seminar: The courses that staff trained are planning process, doing community business and natural resources management.

5.3. Budget

1. Leader Development support leader potential Dej-udom and Najahluey districts 6 years None

2. Woman Development develop woman capacity

Dej-udom and Najahluey districts 6 years None

3. Saving Fund group Develop CO Dej-udom and Najahluey districts 6 years None

4. Alternatives Farmer Build the steady in families level and environment

Dej-udom and Najahluey districts 4 years None

5. Coordinating Coordinate/support tasks and CO

Dej-udom and Najahluey districts 6 years None

Page 2 of 14

6. Activities, Project and cooperate among the NGOs

6.1 Do you work with the other NGOs? YES

The cooperated Agencies

6.2. Organization’s activities and projects

6.3. Describe how your organization participate in develop and increase income and quality of life for the poor in rural areas.

Support the community in training and cash flow for building career

7. Would you like to join the RETA project? Yes

8. Which way would you like to join us our project? Training and exchanging the experiences.

9. What is your expectation in joining RETA project? Need more information whether we can cooperate.

10. Do you have any condition to join with us? Yes, need to know how to get budget

Year Budget(approx.) Sources of Budget Problems / Limitation

1998 15 million/year NCA, AUSAID, CANADA Fund, The Ministry of Health and from holding training and seminar

----

Type of organizations Name Duration Type of cooperation Problems

NGOs in the country

Foreign NGOs

NGO-CORD

CUSO, VSA

More than 10 years

Networking with regional and national NGOs

Training staff for NGOs from LOA and Cambodia

Gos The Ministry of Health and 3 years Supporting Fund -

International Organization PLAN just started Doing information for area study

-

Training Institute

- National Level

- Asia Level

- Int’l Level

Thammasat University, Khon kaen U. and Prasanmit U.

Coady and Scubwouh of Canada

-

Supporting trainers

Supporting volunteers-

Activities/ projects Objectives Operation Sites duration Problems

1. AIDS Campaign Consult Border Area since 1995 ---

2. Environment and Natural resources management

emphasized man and woman in the community to join

12 Tambon - -

3. Urban community development

Established the organization for money saving

- - -

Page 3 of 14

11. Address Ms. Vijitra Chusakul Position: Asst. manager NET Foundation 53/1 Kitpracha Rd. Amphur Muang, Surin province 32000 Tel /Fax: 511-172

Go back the List of Questionnaires

17. Jakarat Development Foundation

1. Founded in July 1, 1997

2. Registered with The Ministry of Interior

3. Objectives: Developing the quality of lives and raising income level

4. Focused activities: Emphasized in integrated local Development

5. Potential of the organization

5.1 Number of Staff 10 person as follows:

5.2 Training/Seminar

Position No. Responsibilities Status Education/major English

Manager 1 Administrate the Project and organization

Full time MPA. Good

Agricultural team leader

2 response in agriculture task

Full time MS. In Sociology

BS. in Community Development

Fair

Fair

Group team leader 1 response in money saving Full time BS. in Association Economic Fair

Operation 6 1. Supporting in plant

2. Training

3. Industrial supporting

4. Herb Supporting

5. Cement Block Industry Supporting

Full time Diploma in Agriculture Technique

BS. in Agriculture

BA. in Mass Communication

BA. in management

Diploma in Accountant

BS. in Association

Poor

Name Position Training/seminar courses Duration Appli. %

Mr. Pong Paiboon Operation Cement Block production 1 week 100%

Ms. Pranee Buakeaw Operation Zapp Planning 15 days 100%

Ms. Pensri Operation Marketing Planning 5 days 100%

Mr. Jumpon Manager - Farming System Development

- Development and formation for small scale enterprises

1 month

1 month

100%

100%

Page 4 of 14

5.3 Budget

6. Activities, Project and cooperate among the NGOs

6.1 Do you work with the other NGOs? YES

The cooperated Agencies

6.2 Organization’s activities and projects

6.3 Describe how your organization participate in develop and increase income and quality of life for the poor in rural areas.

We integrate works between GO & remote sector to help for people by a foundation act as a Coordinator"

7. Would you like to join the RETA project? Yes, activities and sites consist with RETA Project.

8. Which way would you like to join us our project? Training

9. What is your expectation in joining RETA project? We are able to train your staff or villagers about activities.

10. Do you have any condition to join with us? No

11. Address Mr. Jumpon Chaiwong Position: Manager Jakarat Development Foundation Jakkarat District, Nakon-Rajasrima Province Tel/Fax (044) 399-168

Year Budget(approx.) Sources of Budget Problems / Limitation

1998 1.5 million GTZ Budget is running off in 1999

1999 1.5 million GTZ ---

Type of organizations Name Duration Type of cooperation Problems

NGOs in the country

Foreign NGOs

Haphaidel

--

1 years

--

Bilateral Project

--

---

---

Gos DTEC 8 years Project Committee --

Int’l Organization -- -- -- --

Training Institute

National Level

Mahidol U. Twice/year Training --

Activities/ projects Objectives Operation Sites duration Problems

1. Community Based Integrated Rural Development Project "CBIRD-CK" project

to improve quality of life and upgrading income of people

Chakkarat Dist., Nakonrajasrima Province

10 years Changing of land area pattern

Page 5 of 14

Go back the List of Questionnaires

18. Serving for the People Association (SPA)

1. Founded in January 21, 1992

2. Registered with National Cultural Commission

3. Objectives: Cooperate with the organizations both in public and private sector in public optimal operation for social and people

4. Focused activities: Natural resources conservation, environmental recovery and protection

5. Potential of the organization

5.1 Number of Staff 8 person as follows:

5.2 Training/Seminar: No information provided

5.3 Budget

6. Activities, Project and cooperate among the NGOs

6.1 Do you work with the other NGOs?

The cooperated Agencies

Position No. Responsibilities Status Education/major Eng.

President 1 Association’s representative Perm. Grade 12 in science Good

V.President 1 Assists president’s jobs Perm. MS. Good

Secretary 1 Coordinate in-house jobs Perm. BS. Good

PR. 1 PR. Association’s activities Volunteer BS. in Sociology Fair

Admin. 1 Plan Association’s activities Perm. BS. in Law Fair

Accountant 1 Association’s financial Perm. BS. in Business Mgn’t Fair

Clerk 1 Paper work Perm. Diploma Fair

Welfare 1 Support other divisions Perm BS. in Education Good

Year Budget(approx.) Sources of Budget Problems / Limitation

1998 350,000 baht Committee donation No help from GOs and Foreign organizations which we had been asked for

Type of organizations Name Duration Type of cooperation

Problems

NGOs in the country

Foreign NGOs

Gos The Ministry of Health and The Ministry of Sciences

- Asks for funds No answer from those organizations

Int’l Organization - - - -

Page 6 of 14

6.2 Organization’s activities and projects

6.3 Describe how your organization participate in develop and increase income and quality of life for the poor in rural areas.

We emphasize in helping people in local drought area

7. Would you like to join the RETA project? Yes, it is our policy to cooperate with other organisations

8. Which way would you like to join us our project? Consultant and being the representative in requesting funds from other countries

9. What is your expectation in joining RETA project? Cooperate with RETA in Natural resources conservation, environmental recovery and protection and helping us in asking for foreign funds to go on our projects.

10. Do you have any condition to join with us? No

11. Address Mr. Patomsak Eimvittaya Position: President Serving for the People Association (SPA) 22/4 Soi Vimol-Sriparot Amphur Muang Surin Province 32000 Mobile Phone: 01-901-6855

Go back the List of Questionnaires

19. Sustainable Buffer Zone Development Project ; Phu Kheio

1. Established in Jan 1,1998

2. Registered with: Not registered (although parent organisation has foundation status.)

3. Organization’s philosophy: To ensure the long term conservation of Phu Kheio Wildlife sanctuary by mobilising interagency cooperation and building the capacity of the local partners to manage forest resources sustainably and develop sustainable livelihoods for residents of the protected area buffer zone.

Training Institute

- National Level

- Asia Level

- Int’l Level

Activities/ projects Objectives Operation Sites duration Problems

1. Guppy Fish Project to control mosquito for preention of Malaria

For supporting GO activities in Malaria control

Surin Province - The limit of budget, must use our own budget

2. Environmental conservation project

Taking care and helping Cambodia refugees

Surin Province - Not enough budget

Pah Sak Watershed Environmental and Natural Resources Conservation project

Using trees to Capture and maintain soil water as watershed forest

4 Provinces: Ayutaya, Saraburi, Lopburi and Petchabuoon

- Because of the economic regression, the project are paused at the midterm

Page 7 of 14

4. Main area of specialization: To integrate conservation of natural resource with sustainable rural development;

� Forest Conservation and Rehabilitation.

� Sustainable development of local communities including water resource development and income generating activities.

� Organisational development and capacity building including Organisational development, capacity building and Environmental education.

5. Organization’s capacity

5.1 Personnel: 11 people

5.2 Participation of training, seminars, courses, study tours, etc.

5.3 Budget of the organization

6. Activities/ Projects and Co-operation with other organization

6.1 Have your organization been co-operate with the others? Yes

The Co-operated organizations working with are:

No Position Pers. Responsibility Status Education English

Project Director 1 Overall vision and direction and project management

full B.Sc. Environmental Science Excellent

Executive secretary

1 Secretarial support to project director

full B.Sc. Agriculture fair

Project Coordinator

1 Daily management of office and staff

full B.Sc. Physical Education fair

Field Worker 4 Field activities full B.Sc. Forestry/Social science/High school

poor

Project Secretary

1 Secretarial duties full B.Sc. Social science poor

Nursery staff 3 nursery duties and general manual support and labour

full Basic education (12 yrs.) poor

Name Position Training Context Period Application (%)

(4) Field worker AIC,PRA Participatory techniques 1 month 60%

(2) Field worker Trainer course Training methods 2 weeks 80%

Year Budget (Baht) Sources of budget Problems or Limitation

1998 8,880,000 Dutch Embassy Parent organisational overheads and control of budget allocation

1999 9,200,000 Dutch Embassy Parent organisational overheads and control of budget allocation

Type of Name of Organization Period of time Type of Co-operation Problems

Page 8 of 14

6.2 Activities/ projects

6.3 Describe how do your organizations develop and support revenue and quality of life of the poor in the communities. (if you ever done)

By strengthening local capacity both in terms of villagers, farmers and administrators, Supporting the development of self help community organisations and facilitating the development of local alternatives and

sustainable practices, to reduce pressure on natural resources and provide sustainable, appropriate agriculture and a diversified village and wider community structure.

7. Would you like to work with RETA Project? YES The skills this project has developed are directly related to rural poverty alleviation, local empowerment, capacity building, organisational development and sustainable resource management.

8. What type of input which you would like to work with RETA Project? Advisory role, trainers, Cooperants and also Assist with project development and implementation

9. What are your expectations with regards to the above-mentioned involvement? Support funding

10. Are other any special restrictions/official concerns relating to your involvement with RETA Project? None

11. Your contact information Name: Mr Saksith Meunkul Position: Project Coordinator Address: 271/1 Jeerinsin Road, A. Kasetsomboon, J. Chaiyaphum, 36120 Tel: (044) 847-427 Fax: (044) 847-427 E-mail address kasu@ccc.inet.co.th

Organization

NGOs-in Thailand -GRID, NET Surin occasional Training and staff development

none

NGOs out of Thailand -WWF occasional Advice and policy development

none

GOs

Int’l Organizations

National educational Institute/seminar

- Asia level

- International level

RECOFTC Continuous monitoring and policy revision

none

Activities/ projects Objectives Location Period Problems

Community Forest Develop sustainable Community Forest

Buffer Zone 3 years Local skills are insufficient to implement management

Alternative Agriculture Promote sustainable Agriculture diversity

of Phu Kheio None

Capacity building Develop local capability and skills

w.s. Locating appropriate trainers

Irrigation development Supply irrigation to facilitate alternative agriculture

None

Organisational development

Develop local organisational capacity

Developing a suitable and appropriate structure.

Savings funds develop locally appropriate methods of savings

Villagers only posses basic skills and rudimentary knowledge

Page 9 of 14

Go back the List of Questionnaires

20. Foundation for Integrated Agricultural Manage (FIAM)

1. Founded in November 29, 1989

2. Registered with National Cultural Commission

3. Objectives

1. Promote the increasing of productivity and income to the poor both in urban and rural by using the appropriated technology

2. Promote community development started from people for people by emphasized on self-reliance 3. Promote establishing CO

4. Focused activities: Promote villagers’ fund raising

5. Potential of the organization

5.1 Number of Staff: 27 person as follows:

5.2 Training/Seminar

5.3 Budget

Position No. Responsibilities Status Education/major Eng.

Director 1 Administrate foundation’s task

Full time. MS. in R&D Good

Executive Secretary 1 Paper work and secretarial Work

Full time. BA. in Agriculture Poor

District coordinator 5 Taking care of field works Full time. BA. in Humanity Fair

Project Staff 15 Taking care of Project activities

Full time. Diploma in Agriculture Poor

Officers 5 Paper work and Accounting

Full time. Diploma in General Poor

Name Position Training/seminar courses Duration Appli. %

Mr. Sanur Hunghual Site coordinator Rural Leadership: principle and community development working method

6 months 100%

Mr. Sanit Khokchedsri

Mr. Sanur Hunghual

Site coordinator Tools & techniques for small enterprise: IMS, financial & accounting management

2 week 80%

Mr. Sanur Hunghual

Mr. Prasert Khunthong

Site coordinator

Executive Secretary

Raising fund: Raising Fund techniques and methods

1 week 50%

Year Budget(approx.) Sources of Budget Problems / Limitation

1998 11 million SED, MISEREOR Short-term Loan

1999 12 million SED Short-term Loan

Page 10 of 14

6. Activities, Project and cooperate among the NGOs

6.1 Do you work with the other NGOs? YES

The cooperated Agencies

6.2 Organization’s activities and projects

6.3 Describe how your organization participate in develop and increase income and quality of life for the poor in rural areas.

Villages’ Bank are able to promote them in increasing income. Then, they can save more money which let them have fund flow

7. Would you like to join the RETA project? Yes

8. Which way would you like to join us our project? Partnership

9. What is your expectation in joining RETA project? FIAM were as site operation unit of RETA, while RETA provide us in fund. To do this, we should establish the committee from each side.

10. Do you have any condition to join with us? No

11. Address Mr. Sanur Hunghual Position: Udon-Thani Coordinator Foundation for Integrated Agricultural Manage (FIAM) 635/1 Soi Wuttinun, Nidyo Rd., Tambon Hmak-Keang, Amphur Muang, Udon-Thani Province 41000 Tel/Fax (042) 143-172

Go back the List of Questionnaires

Type of organizations Name Duration Type of cooperation Problems

NGOs in the country

Foreign NGOs

SED 9 years Loan for running the projects None

Gos AIDS Division 2 years Supported fund Limited budget

International Organization - - - -

Training Institute

- National Level

- Asia Level

- Int’l Level

-

SEARSOLIN

-

-

4 years

-

-

Joining in Academic Exchange Seminar

-

-

-

Activities/ projects Objectives Operation Sites duration Problems

1. Village Banks Raising fund in village level

Ubon-Rajathani, Udonthani, Nakon-Rajasrima

9 years Income from the interest is not enough for running the project.

2. Basis Sanitary For lifting target groups’ quality of life

Loas PDR 1.5 years Excess demand

Page 11 of 14

21. Foundation for Agricultural and Rural Management

1. Founded in August 15, 1980

2. Registered with The Ministry of Interior, The Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment, and The Ministry of Health

3. Objectives: Emphasize in groping people for community development to have more potential enough to self-reliance.

4. Focused activities: Development in Woman, Student and Youth.

5. Potential of the organization

5.1 Number of Staff: 14 person:

5.2 Training/Seminar

5.3 Budget

6. Activities, Project and cooperate among the NGOs

6.1 Do you work with the other NGOs? YES

Position No. Responsibilities Status Education/major Eng.

Secretariat 1 Administrate foundation’s task and coordination

Perm. BS. in Social Development Good

Vice Secretariat 1 Management and monitor Perm. BS in Social Science Fair

Asst. Secretariat 1 Project Coordinating Perm. BS in Political Science Fair

Office Director 2 Administrate office’s task and coordination

perm. BS in Social Science Fair

Consultant 2 Saving and Paper work Temp. BS. In G/F

Secretary 3 Paper work and Office management Perm. Bachelor Degree P/F

Marketing Director 1 Selling Groups’ commodities Perm. Bachelor Degree Fair

Coordinator 3 Coordinating and Monitoring Perm. Bachelor Degree Fair

Name Position Training/seminar courses Duration Appli. %

Mr. Theera Asst. Secretariat Fund-Raising 10days 50%

Mr. Chanvit Vice Secretariat RRA, LFA: Research in villages’ environment

2 week 75%

Ms. Supaporn Office Director RRA, LFA: Research in villages’ environment, and administrate the project

- -

Year Budget(approx.) Sources of Budget Problems / Limitation

1998 10 million Europe, GOs Last Phase

1999 5 million Europe, GOs To much condition

Page 12 of 14

The cooperated Agencies

6.2 Organization’s activities and projects

6.3 Describe how your organization participate in develop and increase income and quality of life for the poor in rural areas.

Establishing Monetary Saving in Woman Group, Promoting initiated fund, Seeking market for communities’commodities, Training them new knowledge, attitude and behavior in prostitute problem and AIDS protection.

7. Would you like to join the RETA project? Yes

8. Which way would you like to join us our project? Training and Exchanging Skills and Experiences Forum.

9. What is your expectation in joining RETA project?

Extending the working to the neighbor, promoting co-learning, building relationship and coordination network in children trading and prostitute protection.

10. Do you have any condition to join with us? No

11. Address Mr. Wanchai Julsukont Position: Secretariat Foundation for Agricultural and Rural Management 108/725-727 Soi Cheang-Wattana 4, Anuch-Soawaree, BangKean, BKK.10220

Type of organizations Name Duration Type of cooperation Problems

NGOs in the country

Foreign NGOs

Danchruchaid 10 years Community Development project

-

Gos The Ministry of Health

1 year Helping Patients Short-term

International Organization HEKS, Switzerland

3 years AIDS Protection Project Project ended

Training Institute

- National Level

- Asia Level

- Int’l Level

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Activities/ projects Objectives Operation Sites duration Problems

1. AIDS Protection Project

Changing their behaviors

North and Northeast Regions

5 years Ended

2. Youth Prostitute Protection

Building their new attitudes

North Region 8 years -

3. Marketing for Community

increase villages’ income

Up country 1 year Quality, format and quantity are not enough

4. Environmental Network

Promote natural agriculture

Payoa Province 3 years -

5. Monetary Saving in Woman Group

Raising sources of fund for community

North and Northeast Regions

5 years ended in 1998

Page 13 of 14

Tel: 970-0810 Fax: 970-0812 E-mail addressfarm@a-net.net.th

Go back the List of Questionnaires

Page 14 of 14