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Norm-referenced assessmentCriterion-referenced assessmentDomain-referenced assessment

Diagnostic assessment Formative assessment Summative assessment

Ipsative assessment Authentic assessment

Performance assessment

Nine Types of Assessment

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Formative assessment pinpoints whether students have achieved the

objective of the lesson taught. it’s main purpose is to determine the gap between the intended objective and actual student’s performance.

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Types of Formative Assessment

Question and Answer in the Lesson Short Tests and Quizzes Homework Exercises Observation of Performance AssignmentsProjects Written Questions / Exercises with Short,

Extended or Multiple-choice Answers Simulations, Business GamesConferencing / Reviews / Audit

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Examples of formative assessments include asking students to:

draw a concept map in class to represent their understanding of a topic

submit one or two sentences identifying the main point of a lecture

turn in a research proposal for early feedback

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Summative assessment considered as the terminal assessment of

learning. the main purpose of this is to give rating or grades to students based on their performance or achievement. This provides data on what students have achieved in a given period of time.

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Examples of summative assessments include:

a midterm exama final projecta papera senior recital

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Ipsative assessment refers to the process of self-assessment. One of

the principles of evaluation states that, “evaluation should provide for self-assessment.”

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Authentic assessment determines what students can actually do in real-

life situations rather than using some easy-to-score responses to questions

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For example, consider the difference between asking students to identify all the metaphors in a story and asking them to discuss why the author used particular metaphors and what effect they had on the story. In the latter case, students must put their knowledge and skills to work just as they might do naturally in or out of school.

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Assessment Description Advantages

Oral Interviews Teacher asks students questions about personal background, activities, readings, and interests

# Informal and relaxed context # Conducted over successive days with each student # Record observations on an interview guide

Story or Test Retelling Students retell main ideas or selected details of text experienced through listening or reading

# Student produces oral report # Can be scored on content or language components # Scored with rubric or rating scale # Can determine reading comprehension, reading strategies, and language development

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11Writing Samples Students generate narrative, expository, persuasive, or reference paper

# Student produces written document # Can be scored on content or language components # Scored with rubric or rating scale # Can determine writing processes

Projects/ Exhibitions

Students complete project in content area, working individually or in pairs

# Students make formal presentation, written report, or both # Can observe oral and written products and thinking skills # Scored with rubric or rating scale

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Experiments/ Demonstrations

Students complete experiment or demonstrate use of materials

# Students make oral presentation, written report, or both # Can observe oral and written products and thinking skills # Scored with rubric or rating scale

Constructed-Response Items

Students respond in writing to open-ended questions

# Student produces written report # Usually scored on substantive information and thinking skills # Scored with rubric or rating scale

Teacher Observations Teacher observes student attention, response to instructional materials, or interactions with other students

# Setting is classroom environment # Takes little time # Record observations with anecdotal notes or rating scales

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Portfolios Focused collection of student work to show progress over time

# Integrates information from a number of sources # Gives overall picture of student performance and learning # Strong student involvement and commitment # Calls for student self-assessment

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Performance assessment is undertaken to determine whether students can

demonstrate their learning through performance in real or simulated situations

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Examples of Performance Assessments

Group ProjectsWritten AssessmentsDemonstrationsPortfolios

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