1

bull DECLASSIFIED UNDER AUTHORITY OF THE INTERAGENCY SECURITY CLASSIFICATION APPEALS PANEL EOl3526 SECTION 53(b)(3)

ISCAP APPEAL NO 2009-068 document no 136 DECLASSIFICATION DATE February 252015

DOWNGRADED TO UNCLASSIFIED FOR

PUBLIC RELEASE BY NORADNORTHCOMCSO ~~~ SEPTEMBER 2009

~ ~~ FOR OFFICIAl USE ON-tV ~ ~

middot ~ t WfR 2966 22 Jul 66

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SPACF W)lJDHlf( STUTHE O middot- fuR t3Pll(~ bullCR AFT middot ASSEMIHY ttl)PitHbullOt ~EtfOIHTE DAMAGE s middot

middot middotMbullny Vt-Jdfn~ rneibo(l ~ ld ltgt ioave plltlto U~ vaJue bull 1 RROTOW SPACECRAif~l Jigt)WGft k 6SlVltfY ADshy

VAlC EO tN COSu( A~AY STU1gtlgt 9 2 -prciuccd Jtr laquortte gt volu1JJil oJ middot=~t middotN3 ata rt-ltr aentlt-h- hnmiddot kw kbull 1

SftANQC - liOYJmiddotr 5-lgtACpound bullQUEB h- JN ~r -lAS iYlORE middot Oll t lCot tHA-1 SClKNrlfIG SJONlFICANC C 0

Oencent1 l Nrmbull outilined rhu ils to blt n0amp0tlf-t middot btltgtr middot

Portion identified as nonshy ll responsive to the appeal

COSJtOS lmiddotU ANOtl-JE R MHA TA H R ECONJIWSSA NCF middot SAcTJilJbullbullrtllbull

Portion identified as nonshyresponsive to the appeal

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Portion identified as nonshyresponsive to the appeal

COV Et ReCi uHng llJ~e --ip Sovi lt middot ~middot middot (f tbullom Rlaquolt $ta1r) (O FEICA ~~middot gt OltlY

NOtl fgtlBM 30 12 J~ 36_ nc( J 7 ltgt i hi~ 11amplo Mmiddotcent l l ank~ middot

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tssue No 2996 22Julyl906 ~

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~--~----------------------~--------~ r~~~~--------~~----~

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2

Portion identified as nonshyresponsive to the appeal

middot

SPACF W)lJDHlf( STUTHE O middot- fuR t3Pll(~ bullCR AFT middot ASSEMIHY ttl)PitHbullOt ~EtfOIHTE DAMAGE s middot

middot middotMbullny Vt-Jdfn~ rneibo(l ~ ld ltgt ioave plltlto U~ vaJue bull 1 RROTOW SPACECRAif~l Jigt)WGft k 6SlVltfY ADshy

VAlC EO tN COSu( A~AY STU1gtlgt 9 2 -prciuccd Jtr laquortte gt volu1JJil oJ middot=~t middotN3 ata rt-ltr aentlt-h- hnmiddot kw kbull 1

SftANQC - liOYJmiddotr 5-lgtACpound bullQUEB h- JN ~r -lAS iYlORE middot Oll t lCot tHA-1 SClKNrlfIG SJONlFICANC C 0

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Portion identified as nonshy ll responsive to the appeal

COSJtOS lmiddotU ANOtl-JE R MHA TA H R ECONJIWSSA NCF middot SAcTJilJbullbullrtllbull

Portion identified as nonshyresponsive to the appeal

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15

Portion identified as nonshyresponsive to the appeal

COV Et ReCi uHng llJ~e --ip Sovi lt middot ~middot middot (f tbullom Rlaquolt $ta1r) (O FEICA ~~middot gt OltlY

NOtl fgtlBM 30 12 J~ 36_ nc( J 7 ltgt i hi~ 11amplo Mmiddotcent l l ank~ middot

Spound~REl-

Space Welding Studied Jar Spacecraft Assembly1 Repair middotof M~teorite - Damag~

signffiltant

~n~lligence

dev~ Io p me nts

and trends middot

_ TJlfto1iiiets aparshyently axe de~~middotloping welCling feClmiquEfs to be ilsed _in tliemiddot spa~e envirQ_nmeut to as ~ltemp1~ spacecraftgt comppnent oand to seal hbl-e$ in sp~cmiddote vehicllts -cau-sed )ly-hbulletee-rite hits middot

-- ~

middot Acaden1ician B Ye Jaton i~J )6~ s~i(J pal~iltY t t(Spvtet~~middot were dev~loplr~~(tlJe wel~ing techtiigu~oS ne~essa1middotyen~~~ se middotemiddot spacecralt components ip orbit ~nq gince tben has been incriasingly spediic about the teahn~qu~s ~fich ro~r shqgty~ prorais~~ for middot Pte in a pape-r pre_ sen~~~ a~ the Aut tJ65 mmiddot~~ing Of tlie -B-ritish rr~$ middot dF w~lding he- i-ndiltf middot -~lactron aln_middotplisma-jet _ middotand -co~d middotand pres~ ure welding asmiddot well a-S middot

fuSiort ~ending and diffusion bra~n_g can be used ~ffeetively for assenloling interplan-etary rockets in a n o~bital-station envirdntpent of ~ 0 7 to 1o-S~

Hg~ ~ issumed that a~c wldm~ Jtth a c~R~wu~bte a1octr6ue middotlto~ld ~ts middoto be usqd ln spact He said tliat th~ Soviet_$ it~ve an idea rega-dittg how thelt middot~olteli ~etal in th _weld pqol aiid on trn ~-o~strrnabll) c1ecnodce wiIL beha~e uncler~Weightlesmiddot ~ne s 11 lt middot middot middot middot middot

middot middot Patons statemfultS merit atfle~rfidn because he is the Dfreetorshy- middotsshy ~

In-stitute of Weding in Ki~~ which has _Inade a nJinber of important cant -middotbutions tQ the development o f d-iversi-fied and advanced welding technirrtt~s

a~~h~qause he ha5gt ~~ 1)1111be~ 9~ welding 1 ~i~ st_~1- attribupeltllcent bn~ one middot otmiddotwldth h the introductio-n ~X electrosiagw~1dlng to ilioe wf

middot middot ~Witb regltird to scentaling_ holes ill altJvanmiddot~ed spa~ecraft caUsed by meteorites Pai cgtn jn 1964 said that an elecctJQ-pic s~ nsor wmt~~ lo-cmiddotate ~te

- d~li$gemiddottithin ltl poundryenfiortmiddotmiddotOfa $eCOhdmiddotbulltCOrtlPlte -~he degreemiddot Of cfamagmiddot~ p~~me apn9un-t ot pres sure drop art4iransmil the pp _rop-z-~ate command to -tJi~ middot middot

urmiddotob-ot-welder-11 in an instant - middot _ _ Tl~ S~ ricts obv-iously have ~Jlmiddotexten~~ve ~p~ce~w~~dng efrqrt witn fl~da~tal s tu die middot ~n middotltproglt~ss ~a impre S~ve l~rrgfetm goals as the obJe-eti---ve middot middot middot middot (FTD) ~bull $ECRi3f NO FOREIGN DISSEWNATlON -shy ReleasaQ~e to NAlO Aus

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seeret

Proton Spacecraft Progressively Advanced in Cosmic-Ray Studies

Each Sovietlaunched Proton-s e ries spacecraft is equipped to carry on the work of its Predecesmiddots or and to undertake some new aspect of the unique cosmic-ray st-udies associated with the se heavy (12-ton) $pacec raft accorcishying_to an interview with Academician Jltonstantinov which was published in the lQ July issue of Izvestia

Proton l made the first direct measurements of the energy spe-ctrttm ol primary cos mic ray particles at energies up to 100 trillion elec tron volt s be~inning the systematic study of the constituents of primary cosmic rays in the region opound very heavy nuclei This one flight substantially in cleased mans knOvledge about cosmic rays

The mission of Proton 2 accoTding to Konsta11tinov wa s t o ve rify and rcefine the f indings of Proton L A c cordingly the volume o f scientific data obtained by the smiddotecond Proton ~eporte dly was hundreltis of times that obt~in~d by Proton 1

middotmiddotmiddot l~middototon 3 according to the in1e r view deve~oped further the studies opound Protons 1 and 2 vrith a number of coJ1trolled expedmen~s It also estabshylish-ed new studies intended to detect-11 kvarks -- hyPothetical hmdamental particles which if they exist would h a ve fractional electrical charges Only eJ(pedm ent can answer the ques tion a to whether such p articles exist in nat ure 11 said KonstaJitinov If they do exist then they must appear in the collision of superhighenergy cosm ic tbull ty s with ~~tpms 9f the iDte1middot stella r m -ediurn H middot middot

On Proton 3 the effective area ofsens ors fomiddotr the s t udy of super-- heavy nuclei in primary cosmic rays rtpor tedl y was increased by ahnost id times_

The scientific experfrnents on the Protons in sum a re obtaining valuable scientific dat~ on superhigh- middotn ergy cosmic-ray particles wrJch colld lead to k e y discentoveries aJgtout the fundarr1e ntal nat~rli Of n1attrzr middot

lt The prirnary mission of the Proton flights however i s lo pr oof test a large 2-stagemiddot rocket which itnd ouht dly w ill figure in spac e events middot of the future Only limited data ar~ a vailable to determine the size a nd characteristic s of this lalmch system wh ich may hltwe a JUtoif thrust betwe~n of 2-4 rniliion pounds with a second-stage thrust of more-than 0 5 m illion With such performance the launcher rn ight plzce up to 35 000 pourJds in a 100-n m circulalmiddot orbit hut acceleraLion would exceed 10 Gs whioh is rather n~gh fo r manned flights By adding a third stage the Soviet~ coUld greatly ihcrease the low- orbit payioad c apability ~nd ease the ac e deration loading A Ve nik third ~tage mig]lt p ermit the Soviets t o orbit 4middot-l 000 pounds but a more opti1num Otle could raise t h i s t o well aver 5Q Q(O IE thy chose to develop this launch vehicle into a S turn - V 1 t-y-pe system t h e y m ight hi sertiog a huge new first stag~ uncler it put 15 0 000 to ZOO 000 p und s in Earth orbit vithout exceeding 6 Gs

Use of t he V enik third stage m i g ht pe t~ mit circuinlunar ope r ations with

9 soerot WlR 2966 22 Jul 66

seeret

Proton Spacecraft Progressively Advanced in Cosmic-Ray Studies

Each Sovietlaunched Proton-s e ries spacecraft is equipped to carry on the work of its Predecesmiddots or and to undertake some new aspect of the unique cosmic-ray st-udies associated with the se heavy (12-ton) $pacec raft accorcishying_to an interview with Academician Jltonstantinov which was published in the lQ July issue of Izvestia

Proton l made the first direct measurements of the energy spe-ctrttm ol primary cos mic ray particles at energies up to 100 trillion elec tron volt s be~inning the systematic study of the constituents of primary cosmic rays in the region opound very heavy nuclei This one flight substantially in cleased mans knOvledge about cosmic rays

The mission of Proton 2 accoTding to Konsta11tinov wa s t o ve rify and rcefine the f indings of Proton L A c cordingly the volume o f scientific data obtained by the smiddotecond Proton ~eporte dly was hundreltis of times that obt~in~d by Proton 1

middotmiddotmiddot l~middototon 3 according to the in1e r view deve~oped further the studies opound Protons 1 and 2 vrith a number of coJ1trolled expedmen~s It also estabshylish-ed new studies intended to detect-11 kvarks -- hyPothetical hmdamental particles which if they exist would h a ve fractional electrical charges Only eJ(pedm ent can answer the ques tion a to whether such p articles exist in nat ure 11 said KonstaJitinov If they do exist then they must appear in the collision of superhighenergy cosm ic tbull ty s with ~~tpms 9f the iDte1middot stella r m -ediurn H middot middot

On Proton 3 the effective area ofsens ors fomiddotr the s t udy of super-- heavy nuclei in primary cosmic rays rtpor tedl y was increased by ahnost id times_

The scientific experfrnents on the Protons in sum a re obtaining valuable scientific dat~ on superhigh- middotn ergy cosmic-ray particles wrJch colld lead to k e y discentoveries aJgtout the fundarr1e ntal nat~rli Of n1attrzr middot

lt The prirnary mission of the Proton flights however i s lo pr oof test a large 2-stagemiddot rocket which itnd ouht dly w ill figure in spac e events middot of the future Only limited data ar~ a vailable to determine the size a nd characteristic s of this lalmch system wh ich may hltwe a JUtoif thrust betwe~n of 2-4 rniliion pounds with a second-stage thrust of more-than 0 5 m illion With such performance the launcher rn ight plzce up to 35 000 pourJds in a 100-n m circulalmiddot orbit hut acceleraLion would exceed 10 Gs whioh is rather n~gh fo r manned flights By adding a third stage the Soviet~ coUld greatly ihcrease the low- orbit payioad c apability ~nd ease the ac e deration loading A Ve nik third ~tage mig]lt p ermit the Soviets t o orbit 4middot-l 000 pounds but a more opti1num Otle could raise t h i s t o well aver 5Q Q(O IE thy chose to develop this launch vehicle into a S turn - V 1 t-y-pe system t h e y m ight hi sertiog a huge new first stag~ uncler it put 15 0 000 to ZOO 000 p und s in Earth orbit vithout exceeding 6 Gs

Use of t he V enik third stage m i g ht pe t~ mit circuinlunar ope r ations with

9 soerot WlR 2966 22 Jul 66

eteret ~ _~~~~-------~----~------------~----lr~middot a dbmiddotect re~rli to EaTth lpound 4 huge new liftoff stage is developed the _ Soviet-s cmiddotou)d then return payioads frigtm lunamiddotl missions ~ia an Earth-orbit re-entry or even condQct middotllear-lllanetamiddotry flights (Vi~h a free return to Earth

This propulsion sy~tem ~middot$ proqably being man-rated tbat is tested to d ete-rniine whether it is reliable enough for manned flight Eventually it may bebullused to orbit a multimanned laboratory to study the human capability to live atrid work L1 space

T hrte of the four la~ches to -date which middothave involved the Proton booster have been slQcessful (Iivestia DIA (SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEMINATION -- Releasable to US UK ~x Canada)

Franco~soviet space Agr~ement +ias Moremiddot Political than Scientific Sign1ficance

The Franco-Soviet space agreernent signed by de Gaulle during his Jecent Moscow visit is v-ery short In the maittl i~ outlineS intentions only in gertetoal ter~s leaving tbe details to be determipEd l~ter t provides fOr

middot

middot- $ovi t launCh of a French sat ~~llite po~sibly in l968 o r later~ shybull No funds will be exchanged bqt a tmiddoteciproca1 e1ecllange of sdentists ~f-Qmiddot technicians ~-s expected A jpiQtiVOlik p r0g~am will he eaPabli$hed after the misSion details have been deCided Latri ch data wfU be given t6 the French only after the orbit ~nd

middot middotpa y l oacl have been determined The Soviets have agreed to pcrrn it F middotrench technid~ns at the launch site but only if ~tis de emed necessary middot_ middot ~ middot

middot J_oint noe~~Prological ~~lti1es which will consi~~t~ of sirnultaneQlS lattnches of sounding rocltets from Frcnch and Soviet t e rri shytories and an exchange of payloads ins truments and techniciansbull C ornrnunicatioDS studies using Sovi~t satellites Both black _bull and-white al~ ltmiddotolor middotTv trai1smissions will be exch~11ged on an expe drnentalbasis~ but n~ Fn~neh communicailion-s satellite will be l~1unch~q by the Soviets 1 and no lre-qch instrum ents will h e p lac e d on Soviet communiclt1Hons satellites Ther e arc no plan ~ poundor any -regular exchanges of public programs

middot The agreement which is lar-gely polit~cal in motivati6n do egt JlOt r~prese1lt any s i~nificant amoUnt of Frlt~nco-Soviet coop~ration in space middotmiddot

bull Th~ Soviets will probably c ontend that the presenc e of F rench t e chn icians a t -the launch of Hlltf French satellite is not s seiti_albull

bull S irnu l tat1eous launches opound sounding rockets wUlhave ~)me middot sci ~ntific value put la~chings by lTJ any rnore ~at~ons o n an middot intnnatio-r~al cooperative ba is womiddotuld be m~ch mote vmiddot ~ l table

10 ~ecret

WIR 2966 _22 Jul 66

middotmiddotbullmiddot

oeoret

bull T he communications studies appeal middotto be only an extension of a prbgram which began in early 1965 when exper irnental relay of TV between Moscow and Pari$ via the SoViets Molniya c onllXlunications - relay satellites began

The most significant point is the apparent beginnlng however slight of a sQmewhat more liberalized Soviet attitude toward CPQperating vdth other nati01rs in space activity Soviet cooperatjon ill space -- even with Commushynist nations - - has been virtually nonexistel)t in the past (State CIA) (C OP~FIDEP~ TiAL)

l e Portion identified as nonshyI responsive to the appeal l

bull -=

Cosmos 124 AnotherMilitary Reconnaissanc~ Satelhte

Cosmos 124_ which the S6viets lavndted poundrqm Tyur atam ~~ t about 1025Z~ 14 July is believed to be a m ili~ry rec onnaissance vehicle despite Sov-iet claims t hat itis a resmiddoteaicli vehicle cmiddotollecting daia_-o~ the n e ar-EarthI space envbonment Orbital parameters reported or _the -n~~ v e hicle

r

I middot I

t 1 l s eer o =tWIR 2966 22 Jul 66

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NOP~AD Spa~r Dettcbon Center

lnclfnation 51 so~ degre es Periodmiddot middot middotmiddotB 9 l5f tkirtut e s bull

Apogmiddotee 2 78bull () llilomete i s 1 so 4 n n1

Fedgee 20) ltilcr~meters un 9middot n m~

lt i ~ the 12th Soviet tnil1tary recmiddotyear

One slightry -qnusual as~eet qf this la~eh is the tact t~ii_t the yehicle was inject~4 int p orbit by-cbheavy Venik upper st a g e Ll

~_-----l i t carrie~ ~cameras l

vehit~S us~~Uy middot ca rrY1lpoundijh-rre$ ltgtlutl~ iamea-as ~ Medium~r~ earrielas ~t~ u~1ally carlltied by Jtunikinjecmiddotted recce vehlcles NOR~ Ibull

(SECREl F OREIGN PISSEdiNATION a~leasabl~~~ US

)

12 22 Jul 66

--------~---

TtlSS

5shy 8 d egremiddotes 8 9bull 4 rnin11tes 303 kil0meters L63 6 n m bull 208 kilomet~s

~middot lt

112 3 n rrd

onnaiss-ance Cos mos 1tlundiecl this

~ thqugj) ___ _ ~

pi lP~dium-resolvtion such sQlution

UR amp Can~daJ

--------------=s-eece3re-~ot_ t-c

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NOP~AD Spa~r Dettcbon Center

lnclfnation 51 so~ degre es Periodmiddot middot middotmiddotB 9 l5f tkirtut e s bull

Apogmiddotee 2 78bull () llilomete i s 1 so 4 n n1

Fedgee 20) ltilcr~meters un 9middot n m~

lt i ~ the 12th Soviet tnil1tary recmiddotyear

One slightry -qnusual as~eet qf this la~eh is the tact t~ii_t the yehicle was inject~4 int p orbit by-cbheavy Venik upper st a g e Ll

~_-----l i t carrie~ ~cameras l

vehit~S us~~Uy middot ca rrY1lpoundijh-rre$ ltgtlutl~ iamea-as ~ Medium~r~ earrielas ~t~ u~1ally carlltied by Jtunikinjecmiddotted recce vehlcles NOR~ Ibull

(SECREl F OREIGN PISSEdiNATION a~leasabl~~~ US

)

12 22 Jul 66