NRLM Mission Document

NATIONAL RURAL LIVELIHOODS MISSION Mission Document

Ministry of Rural DevelopmentGovernment of India

New Delhi

Ministry of Rural DevelopmentGovernment of India

NATIONAL RURAL LIVELIHOODS MISSION

Mission Document

�

Introduction

The mandate of the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD), GoI is rural poverty alleviation through programmes directly

targeted at the rural poor households. Within the ‘directly targeted’ category, there are programmes focused on wage employment and programmes focused on self-employment. The Swarnajayanti Grameen Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY) is the Ministry programme which focuses on self-employment. This programme was launched in the year 1999, by restructuring the Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP).

The cornerstone of the SGSY strategy was that the poor need to be organised and their capacities built up systematically so that they can access self-employment opportunities. In the 10 years of implementing SGSY, there has developed a widespread acceptance in the country of the need for poor to be organised into SHGs as a pre-requisite for their poverty reduction.

Comprehensive reviews of SGSY have brought into focus several shortcomings like vast regional variations in mobilisation of rural poor; insufficient capacity building of beneficiaries; insufficient investments for building community institutions; and weak linkages with banks leading to low credit mobilization and repeat financing. Several states

have not been able to fully utilise the funds received under SGSY due to lack of dedicated human resources and appropriate delivery systems. In the absence of aggregate institutions of the poor, such as the SHG federations, the poor households could not access higher order support services for productivity enhancement, marketing linkage, risk management, etc. SGSY has been found to be more successful wherever systematic mobilisation of the poor into SHGs and their capacity building and skill development has been taken up in a systematic manner. In other places, the impact has not been significant.

The magnitude of the task of rural poverty alleviation through direct interventions in self-employment is enormous. Out of the estimated 7.0 crore rural BPL households, 4.5 crore households still need to be organised into SHGs. A significant number of these households are extremely vulnerable. Even the existing SHGs need further strengthening. It was in this background that Government have approved the restructuring of SGSY as the National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM), to be implemented in a mission mode across the country. NRLM builds on the core strengths of the SGSY and incorporates the important lessons from large scale experiences in the country.

Introduction |

National Rural Livelihoods Mission | Mission Document�

NRLM has an ambitious mandate. It aims to reach out to all the rural poor families (BPL families) and link them to sustainable livelihoods opportunities. It will nurture them till they come out of poverty and enjoy a decent quality of life. To achieve this, NRLM will put in place dedicated and sensitive support structures at various levels. These structures will work towards organising the poor, building their capacities and the capacities of their organisations, enabling them access to finance and other livelihoods resources. The support institutions will play the roles of initiating the processes of organising them in the beginning, providing the livelihoods services and sustaining the livelihoods outcomes subsequently. The support structures will also work with the unemployed rural poor youth for skilling them and providing employment either in jobs, mostly in high growth sectors, or in remunerative self-employment and micro-enterprises.

The Institutions of the poor – SHGs, their federations and livelihoods collectives - provide the poor the platforms for collective action based on self-help and mutual cooperation. They become a strong demand system. They build linkages with mainstream institutions, including banks, and Government departments to address their core livelihoods issues and other dimensions of poverty. These institutions provide savings, credit and other financial services to meet their priority needs. These include consumption needs, debt redemption, food and health security and livelihoods. They augment knowledge, skills, tools, assets, infrastructure, own funds and other resources for the members. They increase incomes, reduce expenditures, increase gainful employment and reduce risks for their members. They also increase their voice, space and bargaining power in dealing with service providers.

Mobilising the poor into their institutions needs to be induced by an external sensitive support structure. Government agencies, NGOs and civil society organisations, Local self governments, banks and corporate sector can play this role. With time, as the institutions of poor grow and mature, they themselves become sensitive support structures

and institutions for the poor. The dependence on external support structures should decline over time. Their successful and empowered members and leaders take charge of and accelerate many of these processes. Thus, the programme for the poor becomes the programme by the poor. These two transitions are critical for the success of NRLM. Poverty is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon. The institutions of poor therefore need to engage in many sectors and with several service providers. Their ability and effectiveness improves with time and experience. However, after the initial learning curve, the progress picks up speed with quality.

Based on MoRD’s extensive consultations with various stakeholders including the State Governments, Civil Society Organisations, Bankers and academicians, the NRLM ‘Framework for Implementation’ has been developed. NRLM is a learning mission and learns from all the best practices of poverty eradication and also from failures. Like the Mission, its ‘Framework for Implementation’ is a learning, live and dynamic framework. This framework offers space for local plans based on local context and offers space for learning from the experiences in the field as the implementation progresses. Each state would develop its own Operational Guidelines for implementation of NRLM within the broad contours of the framework. Thematic and issue-based National Operational Manuals would also be made available as the implementation progresses.

NRLM endeavours, through its dedicated sensitive support structures and organisations at various levels, to reach out to all the BPL households in the country, and take them out of poverty through building their capacities, financial muscle and access, and self-managed self-reliant institutions; through placement in jobs, and nurturing them into remunerative self-employment and enterprises. The institutions of the poor gradually take charge of supporting their members being in control of their livelihoods, lives and destiny.

�

Mission, Principles, Values

The core belief of National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) is that the poor have innate capabilities and a strong desire to come out of poverty. They are entrepreneurial, an essential coping mechanism to survive under conditions of poverty. The challenge is to unleash their capabilities to generate meaningful livelihoods and enable them to come out of poverty. The first step in this process is motivating them to form their own institutions. They and their institutions are provided sufficient capacities to manage the external environment, enabled to access finance, and to expand their skills and assets and convert them into meaningful livelihoods. This requires continuous handholding support. An external dedicated, sensitive support structure, from the national level to the sub-district level, is required to induce such social mobilisation, institution building and livelihoods promotion.

Strong institutional platforms of the poor, enable them to build-up their own human, social, financial and other resources. These capabilities enable them to access their rights, entitlements and livelihoods opportunities and services, both from the public and private sector. The social mobilisation process enhances solidarity, voice and bargaining power of the poor. These processes enable them to pursue viable livelihoods based on leveraging their own

resources, skills and preferences. Thus, they come out of abject poverty and do not fall back into poverty. NRLM also believes that the programme can be up scaled in a time bound manner, only if it is driven by the poor.

NRLM Mission “To reduce poverty by enabling the poor households to access gainful self-employment and skilled wage employment opportunities resulting in appreciable improvement in their livelihoods on a sustainable basis, through building strong and sustainable grassroots institutions of the poor.”

NRLM Guiding Principles Poor have a strong desire to come out of poverty, and they have innate capabilities.

Social mobilisation and building strong institutions of the poor is critical for unleashing the innate capabilities of the poor.

An external dedicated and sensitive support structure is required to induce the social mobilisation, institution building and empowerment process.

Mission, Principles, Values |


NRLM

Financial & Capital Services

Human and Social Capital

(Leaders, CRPs, Community Para-

Professionals)

Dedicated Support Institutions

(Professionals,Learning PlatformM & E Systems)

InstitutionalPlatforms of Poor

(SHGs, Federations and Livelihoods Collectives:

Aggregating and Federating Poor, Women, Small &

Marginal Farmers, SCs, STs and other marginalized and

vulnerable)

INNOVATIONS

Acces

s to

Entit

lemen

tsLast m

ile

Delivery of

Punlic Services

Tech

nology

,

Prod

uctio

n &

Prod

uctiv

ityM

arketLinkages

Livelihood Services

Building Enabling EnvironmentPartnerships and Convergence

Facilitating knowledge dissemination, skill building, access to credit, access to marketing, and access to other livelihoods services enables them to enjoy a portfolio of sustainable livelihoods.

NRLM ValuesThe core values which guide all the activities under NRLM are as follows:

Inclusion of the poorest, and meaningful role to the poorest in all the processes.

Transparency and accountability of all processes and institutions.

Ownership and key role of the poor and their institutions in all stages – planning, implementation and monitoring.

Community self-reliance and self-dependence.

ApproachTowards building, supporting and sustaining livelihoods of the poor, NRLM harnesses the innate capabilities of the poor, complements them with capacities (information, knowledge, skills, tools, finance and collectivisation) to deal with the rapidly changing external world. Being conscious of the livelihoods activities being varied, NRLM works on three pillars – enhancing and expanding existing livelihoods options of the poor; building skills for the job market outside; and nurturing self-employed and entrepreneurs.

Dedicated support structures build and strengthen the institutional platforms of the poor. These platforms, with the support of their built-up human and social capital, offer a variety of livelihoods services to their members across the value-chains of key products and services of the poor. These services

�

include financial and capital services, production and productivity enhancement services that include technology, knowledge, skills and inputs, market linkages etc. The interested rural BPL youth would be offered skill development after counselling and matching the aptitude with the job requirements, and placed in jobs that are remunerative. Self-employed and entrepreneurial oriented poor would be provided skills and financial linkages and nurtured to establish and grow with micro-enterprises for products and services in demand. These platforms also offer space for convergence and partnerships with a variety of stakeholders, by building an enabling environment for poor to access their rights and entitlements, public services and innovations. The aggregation of the poor, through their institutions, reduces transaction costs to the individual members, makes their livelihoods more viable and accelerates their journey out of poverty.

NRLM implementation is in a Mission Mode. This enables: (a) shift from the present allocation based strategy to a demand driven strategy,

enabling the states to formulate their own livelihoods-based poverty reduction action plans, (b) focus on targets, outcomes and time bound delivery, (c) continuous capacity building, imparting requisite skills and creating linkages with livelihoods opportunities for the poor, including those emerging in the organised sector, and (d) monitoring against targets of poverty outcomes. As NRLM follows a demand driven strategy, the States have the flexibility to develop their livelihoods-based perspective plans and annual action plans for poverty reduction. The overall plans would be within the allocation for the state based on inter-se poverty ratios.

The second dimension of demand driven strategy implies that the ultimate objective is that the poor will drive the agenda, through participatory planning at grassroots level, implementation of their own plans, reviewing and generating further plans based on their experiences. The plans will not only be demand driven, they will also be dynamic. NRLM recognises and values the iterative nature of the processes.

Mission, Principles, Values |


Key Features of NRLM

Social Inclusion and Institutions of the Poor

Universal Social Mobilisation: To begin with, NRLM would ensure that at least one member from each identified rural poor household, preferably a woman, is brought under the Self Help Group (SHG) network in a time bound manner. Subsequently, both women and men would be organised for addressing livelihoods issues i.e. farmers organisations, milk producers’ cooperatives, weavers associations, etc. All these institutions are inclusive and no poor would be left out of them. NRLM would ensure adequate coverage of vulnerable sections of the society such that 50% of the beneficiaries are SC/STs, 15% are minorities and 3% are persons with disability, while keeping in view the ultimate target of 100% coverage of BPL families.

Promotion of Institutions of the poor: Strong institutions of the poor such as SHGs and their village level and higher level federations are necessary to provide space, voice and resources for the poor, and for reducing their dependence on external agencies. They empower them. They also act as instruments of knowledge and technology dissemination,

1.

2.

and hubs of production, collectivisation and commerce. NRLM, therefore, would focus on setting up these institutions at various levels.

In addition, NRLM would promote specialised institutions like Livelihoods collectives, producers’ cooperatives/companies for livelihoods promotion through deriving economies of scale, backward and forward linkages, and access to information, credit, technology, markets etc. The Livelihoods collectives would enable the poor to optimise their limited resources.

There are existing institutions of the poor women formed by Government efforts and efforts of NGOs. NRLM would strengthen all existing institutions of the poor in a partnership mode. The self-help promoting institutions both in the Government and in the NGO sector would be supported. Further, existing institutions and their leaders and staff would be used as spearhead teams to support the processes of forming and nurturing new institutions.

Training, Capacity building and skill building: NRLM would ensure that the poor are provided with the requisite skills for: managing their institutions, linking up with markets,

3.

�

managing their existing livelihoods, enhancing their credit absorption capacity and credit worthiness, etc. A multi-pronged approach is, envisaged, for continuous capacity building of the targeted families, SHGs, their federations, government functionaries, bankers, NGOs and other key stakeholders. Particular focus would be on developing and engaging community professionals and community resource persons for capacity building of SHGs and their federations and other collectives. NRLM would make extensive use of ICT to make knowledge dissemination and capacity building more effective.

Revolving Fund and Capital Subsidy: Subsidy would be available in the form of revolving fund and capital subsidy. The Revolving Fund would be provided to the SHGs (where more than 70% members are from BPL households) as an incentive to inculcate the habit of thrift and accumulate their own funds towards meeting their credit needs in the long-run and immediate consumption needs in the short-run. Subsidy would be a corpus and used for meeting the members’ credit needs directly and as catalytic capital for leveraging repeat bank finance. The key to coming out of poverty is continuous and easy access to finance, at reasonable rates, till they accumulate their own funds in large measure.

Universal Financial Inclusion: NRLM would work towards achieving universal financial inclusion, beyond basic banking services to all the poor households, SHGs and their federations. NRLM would work on both demand and supply side of Financial Inclusion. On the demand side, it would promote financial literacy among the poor and provides catalytic capital to the SHGs and their federations. On the supply side, it would coordinate with the financial sector and encourage use of Information, Communication & Technology

4.

5.

(ICT) based financial technologies, business correspondents and community facilitators like ‘Bank Mitras’. It would also work towards universal coverage of rural poor against loss of life, health and assets. Further, it would work on remittances, especially in areas where migration is endemic.

Provision of Interest Subsidy: The rural poor need credit at low rate of interest and in multiple doses to make their ventures economically viable. In order to ensure affordable credit, NRLM has a provision for subsidy on interest rate above 7% per annum for all eligible SHGs, who have availed loans from mainstream financial institutions, based on prompt loan repayment. This subsidy would be available to SHGs, where at least 70% of the members are from BPL households, till a member accesses credit, through repeat cumulative loaning, up to Rs 1.00 lakh per household. The interest subsidy would not be applicable when a SHG avails capital subsidy. However, interest subsidy would be provided to this SHG, when they avail a fresh loan after repaying the capital subsidy linked loan.

LivelihoodsPoor have multiple livelihoods as a coping mechanism for survival. Their existing major livelihoods are: wage labour, small and marginal holding cultivation, cattle rearing, forest produce, fishing, and traditional non-farm occupations. The net incomes and employment days from the current livelihoods are not adequate to meet their expenditures. NRLM would look at the entire portfolio of livelihoods of each poor household, and work towards stabilising and enhancing the existing livelihoods and subsequently diversifying their livelihoods.

Infrastructure creation and Marketing support: NRLM would seek to ensure that

6.

7.

8.

Key Features of NRLM |


the infrastructure needs for key livelihoods activities of the poor are fully met. It would also provide support for marketing to the institutions of the poor. The range of activities, in marketing support, includes market research, market intelligence, technology, extension, developing backward and forward linkages and building livelihoods collectives and supporting their business plans. NRLM would encourage and support partnerships with public and private organisations and their networks/associations for these activities, particularly for market linkages. Rural Haats would also be encouraged to directly link producer groups (SHGs) and individual producers with urban and peri-urban markets through a well developed system of continuous identification and rotation of beneficiaries. 20% of the state’s programme outlay is reserved for this purpose.

Skills and Placement Projects: NRLM would pursue skill upgradation and placement projects through partnership mode as it is one of the best investments in youth, and provides impetus to livelihoods opportunities in emerging markets. For strengthening this, various models of partnerships with public, private, non-government and community organisations would be developed. A strong relationship would also be developed with industry associations and sector specific employers’ associations. National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) would be one of the leading partners in this effort. 15% of the central allocation under NRLM is earmarked for this purpose.

Rural Self Employment Training Institutes (RSETIs): NRLM encourages public sector banks to set up RSETIs in all districts of the country. RSETIs transform unemployed rural youth in the district into confident self-employed entrepreneurs through need-based experiential learning programme followed by systematic handholding support. Banks are

9.

10.

completely involved in selection, training and post training follow-up stages. RSETIs partner with others, including the institutions of the poor, to realise their mandate and agenda.

Innovations: NRLM believes that successful innovations can reduce the learning curve for poverty eradication by showing a better pathway or a different pathway out of poverty. 5% of the Central allocation is earmarked for innovations. They should be end-to-end solutions and have a clear mandate of transferring knowledge and capabilities to the livelihoods organisations of the poor. Those innovations which have the potential for reaching out specifically to the poorest; or for reaching out to the largest number of poor; and having maximum impact with limited resources would be preferred and supported.

Convergence and partnershipsConvergence: NRLM would place a very high emphasis on convergence with other programmes of the Ministry of Rural Development and other Central Ministries, and programmes of state governments for developing synergies directly and through the institutions of the poor.

Partnerships with NGOs and other CSOs: NRLM would proactively seek partnerships with Non-Government Organisations (NGOs) and other Civil Society Organisations (CSOs), at two levels -strategic and implementation. The partnerships would be guided by NRLM’s core beliefs and values, and mutual agreement on processes and outcomes. NRLM would develop a national framework for partnerships with NGOs and other CSOs. Further, NRLM would seek partnerships with various other stakeholders at various levels directly, or through the institutions of the poor.

11.

12.

13.

�

Linkages with PRIs: In view of the eminent roles of Panchayat Raj Institutions (PRIs) that include governance, agency, commercial and political, it is necessary to consciously structure and facilitate a mutually beneficial working relationship between Panchayats and institutions of the poor, particularly at the level of Village Panchayats. Formal mechanisms would need to be established for regular consultations between the institutions of the poor and the PRIs for exchange of mutual advice, support and sharing of resources. However, care would be taken to protect their autonomy. Where there are no PRIs, the linkages would be with traditional local village institutions.

Sensitive SupportExternal Sensitive Support Structures: NRLM’s process-intensive effort would require dedicated human resources. Realising this, NRLM would be setting up sensitive and dedicated support structures at the National, State, district and sub-district levels. NRLM Advisory, Coordination and Empowered Committees and National Mission Management Unit at the national level, State Rural Livelihoods Missions (SRLMs) as autonomous bodies and State Mission Management Units at state level, District Mission Management Units at district level, and sub-district units at block and/or cluster levels would constitute these support structures. These structures would have suitable linkages with Government(s), District Rural Development Agencies (DRDAs), and PRIs. The governance of DRDAs would be revitalized with representatives of institutions of the poor and professionalised so that they respond better to meeting the needs of the poor. These support structures would be staffed with professionally competent and dedicated human resources through

14.

15.

appropriate arrangements including partnerships and outsourcing of services. A clear objective of this support structure is to incubate an internal sensitive support structure, consisting of the institutions of the poor, their staff and other social capital. Over time, the role of the internal support structure should increase and replace the external structure in many of these processes.

Technical Support: NRLM would provide technical assistance to the States and all other partners for creating and strengthening their institutional capacities for its effective implementation. It would build national knowledge management and learning forums/ systems. It would facilitate partnerships between institutions of the poor and banking sectors, public and private sectors, for ensuring last mile service delivery to reach the poor. It would build a national pool of experts, practitioners and advisers in all the relevant disciplines including social mobilisation, institution building, microfinance, livelihoods, skill development, entrepreneurship etc. They would provide handholding support to SRLMs for developing and executing state poverty reduction strategies.

Monitoring and Learning: NRLM would monitor its results, processes and activities through web-enabled comprehensive MIS, regular meetings of the Performance Review Committee, visits by senior colleagues, Local, District, State and National Monitoring Groups and the mechanisms of Review and Planning Missions. Process monitoring studies, thematic studies and impact evaluations would provide inputs to the above. It would also promote social accountability practices to introduce greater transparency. This would be in addition to the mechanisms that would be evolved by SRLMs and state governments. The learning from one another underpins the key processes of learning in NRLM.

16.

17.

Key Features of NRLM |

National Rural Livelihoods Mission | Mission Document�0

Funding Pattern: NRLM is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme and the financing of the programme would be shared between the Centre and the States in the ratio of 75:25 (90:10 in case of North Eastern States including Sikkim; completely from the Centre in case of UTs). The Central allocation earmarked for the States would broadly be distributed in relation to the incidence of poverty in the States.

Phased Implementation: Social capital of the poor consists of the institutions of the poor, their leaders, community professionals and more importantly community resource persons (poor women whose lives have been transformed through the support of their institutions). Building up social capital takes some time in the initial years, but it multiplies rapidly after some time. If the social capital of the poor does not play the lead role in NRLM, then it would not be a people’s programme. Further, it is important to ensure that the quality and effectiveness of the interventions is not diluted. Therefore, a phased implementation approach is adopted in NRLM. NRLM would reach all districts and blocks by the end of 12th Five-year Plan.

The blocks that are taken up for intensive implementation of NRLM, would have access to a full complement of trained professional

18.

19.

staff and cover a whole range of activities of universal and intense social and financial inclusion, livelihoods, partnerships etc. However, in the remaining blocks or non-intensive blocks, the activities may be limited in scope and intensity. The outlays in these blocks would be limited to the State average allotment for these blocks under the present SGSY.

Transition to NRLM: All States/UTs would have to transit to NRLM within a period of one year from the date of formal launch of NRLM. Further funding under SGSY ceases thereafter.

Agenda before NRLM: NRLM has set out with an agenda to reach out, mobilise and support 7.0 crore BPL households across 600 districts, 6000 blocks, 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats, in 6.0 lakh villages in the country into their self-managed SHGs and their federal institutions and livelihoods collectives. NRLM’s long-term dedicated sensitive support would be with them and extend facilitation support in all their efforts to get out of poverty. In addition, the poor would be facilitated to achieve increased access to their rights, entitlements and public services, diversified risk and better social indicators of empowerment.

20.

21.

��

Economic Assistance/Financial Norms/Ceilings

Formation of SHGs: Rs. 10,000 per SHG to be given to NGOs/CBOs/Community Coordinators/Facilitators/Animators towards group formation and development.

Revolving Fund (RF): As a corpus to SHG with a minimum of Rs. 10,000 to a maximum of Rs. 15,000 per SHG. This is given to all SHGs that have not received RF earlier. Only those SHGs with more than 70% BPL members are eligible for RF.

Capital Subsidy (CS): Capital subsidy ceiling is applicable, both for members of SHGs and individual beneficiaries @Rs. 15,000 per general category and Rs. 20,000 per SC/ST category. The maximum amount of subsidy that an SHG is eligible for is Rs. 2.50 lakh. Only BPL members are eligible for individual subsidy, and only those SHGs with more than 70% BPL members are eligible for the subsidy to SHGs.

Capacity building and skills training - Rs. 7,500 per beneficiary: The amount available under this component is used for training and capacity building not only of the beneficiaries but also of all other stakeholders, including programme officers and staff, community professionals, concerned government officials, NGOs, PRI functionaries etc. Expenditure on exposure visits and

1.

2.

3.

4.

immersion visits is also to be covered under this component. The skills training here refer to member level training for self-employment and are distinct from the Placement-linked Skills training.

Interest subsidy: Subsidy on interest rate above 7% per annum for all SHG loans availed from banks, based on prompt repayment. Interest subsidy would be provided to an individual beneficiary or SHG member till he/she has availed a bank loan up to an amount of Rs 1.00 lakh. It is expected that there will be repeat doses of financing to members in SHGs and this limit of 1.0 Lakh is the cumulative loan availed by a member (household). This subsidy is not available on such occasions when the SHG is availing capital subsidy.

One time grant for corpus fund for sustain-ability and effectiveness of federations:

Rs 10,000 for Village/Panchayat level federationRs 20,000 for Block level federationRs 100,000 for District level federation

Administrative expenses: 5% of the allocation, net of the component relating to skill development & placement and net of the component of RSETIs. This amounts to

5.

6.

7.

Economic Assistance/Financial Norms/Ceilings |

National Rural Livelihoods Mission | Mission Document��

5% of Central release to the State and the corresponding State share.

Infrastructure and Marketing: Up to 20% (25% in case of north eastern states and Sikkim) of the Central share and State share of allocation i.e. state’s programme outlay.

Skills and Placement Projects and Innovations (20% of the Central allocation): Expenditure on innovative

8.

9.

projects should not exceed 5%; and the remaining 15% is for placement linked skill development projects. 50% of the allocation for placement linked skill development projects (7.5% of total allocation) is retained at the centre for multi-state skill development projects and the balance is allocated to states to implement state specific skill development and placement projects. The States have to add the corresponding state share to the amount released to them.

jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k vkthfodk fe'kufe'ku nLrkost

xzkeh.k fodkl ea=ky;Hkkjr ljdkjubZ fnYyh

��National Rural Livelihoods Mission | Framework of Implementation

jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k vkthfodk fe'ku

xzkeh.k fodkl ea=ky;Hkkjr ljdkjubZ fnYyh

fe'ku nLrkost

National Rural Livelihoods Mission | Mission Document��

jk"Vª dh laLÑfr yksxksa ds vkRek vkSj fny esa jgrh gSA

eksgu nkl dje pan xk¡èkh

��

xzkeh.k fodkl ea=ky; dk dk;Z lh/ks xzkeh.k fu/kZu ifjokjksa dks y{; esa j[kus okys dk;ZØeksa ds tfj, xzkeh.k xjhch dks nwj djuk gSA *çR;{k :i ls yf{kr* Js.kh esa ,sls dk;ZØe gSa] ftuesa etnwjh jkstxkj vkSj Lo&jkstxkj ij fo”ks’k :i ls /;ku dsfUær fd;k tkrk gSA Lo.kZt;arh xzke Lo&jkstxkj ;kstuk ¼,lth,lokbZ½ bl ea=ky; dk egRoiw.kZ dk;ZØe gSa] ftlesa Lo&jkstxkj ij cy fn;k tkrk gSA lesfdr xzkeh.k fodkl dk;ZØe ¼vkbZvkjMhih½ dks iquxZfBr djrs gq, o’kZ 1999 esa ;g dk;ZØe “kq: fd;k x;k FkkA

fu/kZuksa dks laxfBr fd, tkus dh rFkk mudh {kerkvksa dks O;ofLFkr :i ls c<k+, tkus dh t:jr ,lth,lokbZ dh dk;Zuhfr dh eq[; fo”ks’krk Fkh rkfd mUgsa Lo&jkstxkj ds volj fey ldsaA ,lth,lokbZ ds dk;kZUo;u ds 10 o’kks± esa ns”k esa fu/kZuksa dks Lo&lgk;rk lewgksa esa laxfBr djus dh t:jr dks] tks fd mudh xjhch dks nwj djus ds fy, iwoZ visf{kr gS] O;kid :i ls Lohdkj fd;k x;k gSA

,lth,lokbZ dh xgu leh{kkvksa ls xzkeh.k fu/kZuksa dks ,dtqV djus esa dkQh vf/kd {ks=h; fofo/krk,a( ykHkkfFkZ;ksa esa vi;kZIr {kerk fuekZ.k( lkeqnkf;d laLFkku cukus ds fy, vi;kZIr fuos”k( vkSj cSdksa ds lkFk de laidZ ftldh otg ls _.k dh miyC/krk de gks tkrh gS rFkk ckjackj foŸk iks’k.k tSlh vusd

Hkwfedk

dfe;ksa dk irk pyk gSA vusd jkT; lefiZr ekuo lalk/kuksa ,oa mi;qä lqiqnZxh ç.kkfy;ksa dh deh dh otg ls ,lth,lokbZ ds varxZr feyh fuf/k;ksa dk iwjh rjg mi;ksx ugÈ dj ik,a gSaA ,l,pth ifjlaÄksa tSlh lewg laLFkkvksa dh vuqifLFkfr esa fu/kZu ifjokj mRikndrk lao/kZu] foi.ku laidZ] tksf[ke çca/ku vkfn ds fy, mPp Js.kh dh lgk;d lsok,a ugÈ çkIr dj ikrs gSaA tgka dgÈ Hkh fu/kZuksa dks Lo&lgk;rk lewgksa esa O;ofLFkr :i ls ,dtqV fd;k x;k gS vkSj O;ofLFkr rjhds ls mudh {kerk dk fuekZ.k ,oa dkS”ky fodkl fd;k x;k gS ogka ,lth,lokbZ dks dkQh vf/kd lQy ik;k x;k gSA vU; LFkkuksa esa i;kZIr çHkko ugÈ iM+k gSA

Lo&jkstxkj esa çR;{k igyksa ds tfj, xzkeh.k fuèkZurk dks nwj djus okyk dk;Z dk {ks= dkQh fo”kky gSA vuqekfur 7 djksM+ xzkeh.k chih,y ifjokjksa esa ls 4-5 djksM+ ifjokjksa dks vHkh Hkh Lo&lgk;rk lewgksa esa laxfBr fd, tkus dh t:jr gSA bu ifjokjksa esa ls dkQh vf/kd ifjokj vR;ar misf{kr gSaA ;gka rd fd ekStwnk ,l,pth dks Hkh vkSj vf/kd lq–< c+uk, tkus dh t:jr gSA blh i`’BHkwfe esa ljdkj us ,lth,lokbZ dks jk’Vªh; xzkeh.k vkthfodk fe”ku ds :i esa iquxZfBr djus dh eatwjh ns nh gS ftls ns”k Hkj esa fe”ku eksM esa dk;kZfUor fd;k tk,xkA ,uvkj,y,e esa ,lth,lokbZ ds egRoiw.kZ igywvksa ij /;ku fn;k x;k gS vkSj blesa

Hkwfedk A

jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k vkthfodk fe'ku | fe'ku nLrkost��

ns”k esa cM+s iSekus ij çkIr gq, vuqHkoksa dh çeq[k lh[kksa dks lekfo’V fd;k x;k gSA

,uvkj,y,e dk dk;Z dkQh vf/kd egRokdka{kh gSA bldk mís”; lHkh xzkeh.k fu/kZu ifjokjksa ¼chih,y ifjokjksa½ rd igqapuk vkSj mUgsa vkthfodk ds LFkk;h volj eqgS;k djkuk gSA ;g ml le; rd mudk ikyu&iks’k.k djrk jgsxk tc rd os xjhch ls mHkjdj lEekuiw.kZ thou O;rhr u djus yxsA bl mís'; dks iwjk djus ds fy, ,uvkj,y,e esa fofHké Lrjksa ij lefiZr ,oa laosnu”khy lgk;d lajpuk,a cukbZ xbZ gSaA ;s lajpuk,a fu/kZuksa dks laxfBr djus] mudh rFkk muds laxBuksa dh {kerkvksa dk fuekZ.k djus] fuf/k;ka vkSj vU; vkthfodk laca/kh lalk/ku çkIr djus esa mUgsa leFkZ cukus dh fn”kk esa dk;Z djrh gSaA lgk;d laLFkk,a çkjaHk esa mUgsa laxfBr djus dh çfØ;k “kq: djus] vkthfodk laca/kh lsok,a eqgS;k djkus vkSj ckn esa vkthfodk ifj.kkeksa dks cjdjkj j[kus dh Hkwfedk fuHkkrh gSaA lgk;d lajpuk,a gquj fodkl ds fy, xzkeh.k csjkstxkj fu/kZu ;qodksa ds lkFk feydj dk;Z djsaxh vkSj mUgsa ;k rks vf/kd fodkl okys {ks=ksa esa ;k ykHkçn Lo&jkstxkj vkSj ekbØks bUVjçkbtst esa dke fnyok,xhA

fu/kZuksa dh laLFkk,a&,l,pth] muds ifjlaÄ vkSj vkthfodk lewg&xzkeh.k xjhcksa dks Lo&lgk;rk vkSj ijLij lg;ksx ij vk/kkfjr lkewfgd dk;Zokgh ds fy, ,d eap eqgS;k djkrh gSaA os ekax dh ,d l”kä ç.kkyh cu tkrh gSA os cSadksa vkSj ljdkjh foHkkxksa lfgr çeq[k laLFkkvksa ds lkFk laidZ c<k+rh gS rkfd muds vkthfodk laca/kh çeq[k eqíksa rFkk xjhch ds vU; vk;keksa dk lekèkku fd;k tk ldsA ;s laLFkk,a mudh çkFkfedrk vk/kkfjr t:jrksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, cpr tek vkSj vU; foŸkh; lsok,a eqgS;k djkrh gSaA buesa miHkksx laca/kh t:jrsa] _.k ls jkgr] [kk| vkSj LokLF; lqj{kk rFkk vkthfodk “kkfey gSaA ;s dkS”ky] Kku] lk/kuksa] vk/kkjHkwr lqfo/kk] Lo;a dh fuf/k;ksa vkSj lnL;ksa ds fy, vU; lalk/kuksa dk lao/kZu djrh gSaA ;s vk; dks c<k+rh gSa] [kpZ dks de djrh gSa] ykHkçn jkstxkj dks c<k+rh gSa rFkk vius lnL;ksa ds fy, tksf[keksa dks de djrh gSaA

;s lqfo/kkçnkrkvksa ls dkjksckj ds nkSjku mudh rksyeksy dh “kfä dks c<k+rh gSaA

fu/kZuksa dks mudh laLFkkvksa esa cká laosnu”khy lgk;d lajpuk ds tfj, ,dtqV djus dh t:jr gSA ljdkjh ,tsafl;ka] xSj&ljdkjh laxBu vkSj flfoy lkslkbVh laxBu] LFkkuh; Lo”kklh ljdkj] cSad vkSj dkWjiksjsV {ks= ;g Hkwfedk fuHkk ldrs gSaA le; ds lkFk&lkFk pwafd fu/kZuksa dh laLFkk,a Hkh fodflr vkSj ifjiDo gks tkrh gSa blfy, os Lo;a laosnu”khy lgk;d lajpuk vkSj fu/kZu dh laLFkk,a cu tkrh gSaA le; chrus ds lkFk&lkFk cká lgk;d lajpukvksa ij fuHkZjrk de gksxhA muds lQy vkSj l”kä lnL; rFkk eqf[k;k bl dk;Z dk ftEek ys ldrs gSa vkSj buesa ls vusd çfØ;kvksa esa rsth yk ldrs gSaA bl çdkj fu/kZuksa ds fy, dk;ZØe fu/kZuksa }kjk pyk;k tkus okyk dk;ZØe cu tkrk gSA ;s nks igyw ,uvkj,y,e dh lQyrk ds fy, egRoiw.kZ gSaA xjhch ,d tfVy vkSj cgqvk;keh ÄVuk gSA blfy, fu/kZu dh laLFkkvksa dks vusd {ks=ksa esa rFkk vusd lqfo/kkçnkrkvksa ds lkFk dke ij yxk, tkus dh t:jr gSA le; vkSj vuqHko ds lkFk&lkFk mudh ;ksX;rk,a vkSj çHkkfodrk Hkh c<r+h gS rFkkfi “kq:vkrh f”k{k.k çfØ;k ds lkFk xq.koŸkk ds lkFk çxfr esa Hkh rsth vkbZ gSA

jkT; ljdkjksa] flfoy lkslkbVh laxBuksa] cSadksa vkSj f”k{kkfonksa lfgr fofHkUUk LVsd gksYMjksa ds lkFk xzkeh.k fodkl ea=ky; ds foLr`r ijke”kZ ds vk/kkj ij dk;kZUo;u ds fy, ,uvkj,y,e dk ÝseodZ rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA ,uvkj,y,e ,d lh[kus okyk fe”ku gS vkSj ;g xjhch mUewyu ds lHkh mR—’B dk;ks± vkSj lkFk&lkFk viuh vlQyrkvksa ls Hkh lh[k ysrk gSA ;g ÝseodZ LFkkuh; fo’k; ij vk/kkfjr LFkkuh; ;kstukvksa ds fy, LFky eqgS;k djkrk gS vkSj tSls&tSls dk;kZUo;u vkxs c<r+k gS ;g {ks= esa vuqHkoksa ls lh[kus ds fy, LFkku eqgS;k djkrk gSA ,uvkj,y,e ds dk;kZUo;u ds fy, çR;sd jkT; dks viuk ifjpkyu fn”kkfunZs'k rS;kj djuk pkfg,A dk;kZUo;u esa çxfr ds lkFk&lkFk fo’k; vkSj ekeyk vk/kkfjr jk’Vªh; ifjpkyu fu;ekoyh Hkh miyC/k djkbZ tk,xhA

��

,uvkj,y,e fofHkUUk Lrjksa ij viuh lefiZr laosnu”khy lgk;d lajpukvksa vkSj laxBuksa ds tfj, ns”k esa lHkh chih,y ifjokjksa rd igqapus dk vkSj mudh {kerkvksa] vkfFkZd fLFkfr ,oa Loçcaf/kr vkRefo”oklh laLFkkvksa dk fuekZ.k djds( ukSdfj;ksa esa fu;kstu ds tfj, rFkk

mUgsa ykHkçn Lojkstxkj rFkk m|eksa esa fu;ksftr djrs gq, mUgsa xjhch ls mckjus dk ç;Ru djrk gSA fu/kZu dh laLFkk,a viuh vkthfodkvksa] thou vkSj HkkX; ds v/khu /khjs&/khjs vius lnL; dh lgk;rk dk ftEek ys jgh gSaA

Hkwfedk A

jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k vkthfodk fe'ku | fe'ku nLrkost�0

fe'ku] fl)kar vkSj uSfrd ewY;

jk’Vªh; xzkeh.k vkthfodk fe”ku ¼,uvkj,y,e½ dh eq[; /kkj.kk ;g gS fd fu/kZuksa esa xjhch ls mcjus dh lgt {kerk vkSj l”kä bPNk gksrh gSA os m|e”khy gksrs gSa vkSj muesa xjhch dh fLFkfr;ksa esa xqtj clj djus dh {kerk gksrh gSA pqukSrh bl ckr dh gS fd lkFkZd vkthfodk l`ftr djus ds fy, {kerkvksa dks mckjk tk, vkSj mUgsa xjhch ls ckgj fudy ikus esa leFkZ cuk;k tk,A bl çfØ;k dk igyk pj.k mUgsa mudh Lo;a dh laLFkk,a cukus ds fy, çsfjr djuk gSA cká ekgkSy ls fuiVus] foŸk iks’k.k çkIr djus esa leFkZ cukus vkSj muds gquj vkSj ifjlaifŸk;ksa dk foLrkj djus rFkk mUgsa lkFkZd vkthfodk esa cnyus ds fy, mUgsa rFkk mudh laLFkkvksa i;kZIr lgk;rk miyC/k djkbZ tkrh gSA blds fy, yxkrkj ekSds ij lgk;rk miyC/k djkus dh t:jr gSA jk’Vª Lrj ls mi&ftyk Lrj rd cká] lefiZr] laosnu”khy lgk;d lajpuk ls ;g vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd og ,slh lkekftd ,dtqVrk yk,a] laLFkkxr fuekZ.k djsa rFkk vkthfodk dks c<k,aA

fu/kZuksa dk l”kä laLFkkxr eap mUgsa vius Lo;a ds ekuo] lkekftd] foŸkh; vkSj vU; lalk/ku rS;kj djus esa leFkZ cukrk gSA bu {kerkvksa ls os lkoZtfud rFkk futh nksuksa {ks=ksa ls vius vf/kdkj] gd rFkk vkthfodk volj vkSj lsok,a çkIr dj ikrs gSaA lkekftd ,dtqVrk dh çfØ;k fu/kZuksa esa HkkbZpkjk] vfHkO;fä vkSj rksyeksy dh “kfä dks c<k+rh gSA bu çfØ;kvksa ls os vius Lo;a

ds lalk/kuksa] gquj vkSj çkFkfedrkvksa ds Lrj dks c<k+us ds lkFk&lkFk O;ogk;Z vkthfodk esa yxs jg ldrs gSaA bl çdkj os vR;ar fu/kZurk ls ckgj fudy vkrs gSa vkSj nqckjk xjhch ds tky esa ugÈ QlrsA ,uvkj,y,e ;g Hkh ekurk gS fd ;fn bls fu/kZuksa }kjk lapkfyr fd;k tk, rks le;c) <ax ls bl dk;ZØe esa çxfr gks ldrh gSA

,uvkj,y,e fe”ku

Þtehuh Lrj ij fu/kZuksa dh l”kä ,oa LFkk;h laLFkk cukdj xzkeh.k ifjokjksa dks ykHkçn jkstxkj ,oa gqujean etnwjh jkstxkj ds volj çkIr djus esa leFkZ cukrs gq, xjhch dks de djuk ftlds QyLo:i mudh vkthfodk esa fujarj vk/kkj ij mYys[kuh; c<ksrjh gksxhAß

,uvkj,y,e ekxZn”kÊ fl)karfu/kZuksa esa xjhch ls fudyus dh etcwr bPNk gksrh gS vkSj muesa lgt {kerk,a Hkh gSaA

fu/kZuksa dh lgt {kerkvksa dks mckjus ds fy, mudh lkekftd ,dtqVrk vkSj l”kä laLFkkvksa dk fuekZ.k dkQh egRoiw.kZ gSA

lkekftd ,dtqVrk ykus] laLFkkxr fuekZ.k rFkk l”kfädj.k çfØ;k ds fy, ,d cká lefiZr

��

vkSj laosnu”khy lgk;d lajpuk dh vko”;drk gSA

tkudkjh dk çpkj&çlkj] dkS”ky fodkl] _.k dh miyC/krk rFkk cktkj igqap ,oa vkthfodk laca/kh vU; lsok,a miyC/k djkus esa lgk;rk djus ls os LFkk;h vkthfodk çkIr dj ldrs gSaA

,uvkj,y,e dk uSfrd ewY;,uvkj,y,e ds varxZr lHkh fØ;kdykiksa dk ekxZn”kZu djus okys uSfrd ewY; fuEukuqlkj gSa%

vR;ar fu/kZuksa dks “kkfey djuk vkSj lHkh çfØ;kvksa esa vR;ar fu/kZuksa ds fy, lkFkZd HkwfedkA

lHkh çfØ;kvksa vkSj laLFkkvksa esa ikjnf”kZrk ,oa tokcnsghA

lHkh Lrjksa&fu;kstu] dk;kZUo;u vkSj fuxjkuh esa fu/kZuksa vkSj mudh laLFkkvksa dk LokfeRo ,oa çeq[k HkwfedkA

lkeqnkf;d vkRefo”okl vkSj vkRefuHkZjrkA

–f’Vdks.kxjhcksa ds {kerk fuekZ.k] lgk;rk vkSj vkthfodk lq–< d+jus ds fy, ,uvkj,y,e xjhcksa dh vUrfuZfgr {kerk dk mi;ksx djsxk] muds {kerk ¼tkudkjh] Kku] dkS”ky] lk/ku] foŸk vkSj lesdu½ fuekZ.k esa lg;ksx djsxk rkfd rsth ls cnyrh nqfu;k ds lkFk lkeatL; LFkkfir fd;k tk ldsA cnyrs vkthfodk fØ;kdykiksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, ,uvkj,y,e rhu ekeyksa ij dk;Z djsxk%& xjhcksa dh vkthfodk ekStwnk fodYiksa dh of) ,oa foLrkj]

,uvkj,y,e

foÙkh; ,oa iwathxr lsok,a

ekuoh; ,oalkekftd iwath

usrk] lhvkjih,l]leqnk; v)Z&is”ksoj

lefiZr lgk;d laLFkk¼is”ksoj] f”k{k.k eap] ,e

,oa bZ ra=½

xjhcksa dk laLFkkxr eap¼Lolgk;rk lewg] ifjla?k

,oa vkthfodk lewg]xjhcksa] efgykvksa] y?kq ,oa

lhekar fdlkuksa]v-tk-v-t-tk- ,oa

vU; misf{kr rFkk nqcZy oxks±½

vfHkuo dk;Z

gdnkj

h miyCèk

djkuk

tu lsokvksa dh

vafre lqiqnZxh

çkS|ksfxdh] m

Riknu ,oa

mRikn

drk cktkjlaidZ

vkthfodk lsok,a

lgk;d okrkoj.k iSnk djuklk>snkjh ,oa rkyesy

fe'ku] fl)kar vkSj uSfrd ewY; A


cktkj ds ckgj jkstxkj cktkj ds fy, dkS'ky fodkl vkSj Lofu;ksftr O;fä;ksa vkSj m|fe;ksa dks lg;ksxA

lefiZr lgk;d lajpuk ls xjhcksa ds laLFkkxr eap dk fuekZ.k ,oa lq–<h+dj.k gksxkA ;s eap & viuh ekuoh; ,oa lkekftd iwath ds lg;ksx ls xjhcksa ds eq[; mRiknksa vkSj lsokvksa dh ewY; Ja[kyk esa vius lnL;ksa dks fofHkUUk vkthfodk lsok,a miyC/k djk,axsA bu lsokvksa esa foŸkh; ,oa iwathxr lsok,a] mRiknu ,oa mRikndrk lao)Zu lsok,a ftuesa çkS|ksfxdh] Kku] dkS”ky ,oa lalk/ku vkSj foi.ku laidZ fufgr gSa] “kkfey gSaA ijke”kZ ,oa jkstxkj vko”;drkvksa ds lkFk ;ksX;rk dk lkeatL; djus ds i”pkr bPNqd xzkeh.k chih,y ;qokvksa dk dkS”ky fodkl fd;k tk,xk vkSj mUgsa ikfjJfed okys jkstxkj esa yxk;k tk,xkA Lofu;ksftr vkSj m|e mUeq[k xjhcksa dks dkS”ky laca/kh ,oa foŸkh; laidZ miyC/k djk;k tk,xk vkSj ekax ds vuqlkj mRiknksa ,oa lsokvksa ds fy, yÄq miØeksa ds lkFk LFkkfir ,oa lao) djus ds fy, lg;ksx fn;k tk,xkA ;s eap xjhcksa ds fy, lgk;d okrkoj.k iSnk dj fofHkUUk LVsd gksYMjksa ds lkFk rkyesy ,oa Hkkxhnkjh ds fy, txg miyC/k djkrk gS rkfd os vius vf/kdkj ,oa gdnkjh] tu lsok,a ,oa vfHkuo lqfo/kk,a çkIr dj ldsaA xjhcksa ds lesdu ls O;fä viuh&viuh laLFkkvksa ds tfj, vyx&vyx lnL;ksa dks dkjksckjh ykxr esa jkgr feyrh gS] viuh vkthfodk dks vf/kd O;ogk;Z cukrk gS vkSj xjhch ls “khÄz ckgj vkus esa enn djrk gSA

,uvkj,y,e dk dk;kZUo;u fe”ku ds :i esa fd;k tk jgk gSA ;g leFkZdkjh cukrk gS% ¼d½ orZeku vkcaVu vk/kkfjr dk;Zuhfr ls ekax vk/kkfjr dk;Zuhfrd dh vksj cnyko] ftlls jkT; dks viuh vkthfodk vkèkkfjr xjhch mi”keu dk;Z ;kstuk,a cukus esa leFkZ cukrk gS ¼[k½ y{;ksa] ifj.kkeksa vkSj le;c) lqiqnZxh ij /;ku dsfUær djrk gS] ¼x½ xjhcksa ds lkFk&lkFk laxfBr {ks= esa mHkjus okys yksxksa ds fy, vkthfodk ds voljksa ds lkFk lrr {kerk fuekZ.k] i;kZIr dkS”ky miyC/k djkuk vkSj laidZ LFkkfir djuk vkSj ¼Ä½ xjhch nwj djus ds y{; dh fuxjkuhA pw¡fd ,uvkj,y,e ekax vk/kkfjr dk;Zuhfr dk vuqlj.k djrk gS blfy,] jkT;ksa dks xjhch mi”keu ds fy, viuh vkthfodk vk/kkfjr lan”kZ ;kstuk,a ,oa okf’kZd dk;Z ;kstuk,a cukus ds fy, NwV nh xbZ gSA lexz ;kstuk,a vkarfjd xjhch vuqikr ds vk/kkj ij jkT; ds fy, vkcaVu ds Hkhrj gksxhA ekax vk/kkfjr dk;Zuhfr ds f}rh; Lo:i ls rkRi;Z gS fd vafre mís”; gS fd os fupys Lrj ij Hkkxhnkjhiw.kZ vk;kstuk] viuh dk;Z ;kstukvksa ds dk;kZUo;u] vius vuqHkoksa ds vkèkkj ij Hkkoh ;kstukvksa dh leh{kk rFkk fuekZ.k ds tfj, xjhc dk;Zlwph dk lapkyu djsaxsA ;s ;kstuk,a dsoy ekax vk/kkfjr ugÈ gksxh cfYd os fujUrj pyrh jgsxhA ,uvkj,y,e çfØ;kvksa dh iqujko`rh; Lo:i dh igpku cukrk gSA

��

lkekftd vUroZs”ku vkSj tula[;kloZO;kih lkekftd tkxj.k% vkjaHk esa ,uvkj,y,e ;g lqfuf”pr djsxk fd çR;sd fu/kkZfjr xzkeh.k xjhc ifjokj ls de ls de ,d lnL; fo”ks’kdj efgyk lnL; dks le;c) <ax ls Lolgk;rk lewg usVodZ esa yk;k x;k gSA blds ckn efgyk vkSj iq:’k nksuksa dks vkthfodk laca/kh ekeyksa vFkkZr —’kd laxBu] nw/k mRiknd lgdkjh laxBu] cqudj laÄ vkfn] dk lek/kku djus ds fy, laxfBr fd;k tk,xkA lHkh laLFkk,a lekos”kh gSa vkSj muesa ls fdlh xjhc dks ugÈ NksM+k tk,xkA ,uvkj,y,e lekt ds nqcZy oxks± dk i;kZIr dojst lqfuf”pr djsxk ftlls fd chih,y ifjokjksa ds “kr&çfr”kr dojst ds vafre y{; ds eísutj 50 çfr'kr ykHkkFkÊ efgyk,a] 15 çfr'kr ykHkkFkÊ vYila[;d vkSj 3 çfr'kr ykHkkFkÊ viax O;fä esa ls gksA

tu laLFkkvksa dks c<k+ok% xjhcksa dh lq–< l+aLFkk ;Fkk & Lolgk;rk lewg vkSj muds xzke Lrjh; rFkk mPp Lrjh; ifjlaÄ xjhcksa ds fy, LFkku] Hkwfedk vkSj lalk/ku miyC/k djkuk vkSj ckgjh ,tsafl;ksa ij mudh fuHkZjrk de djus ds fy, vko”;d gSA os mUgsa vf/kdkj laié cukrs gSaA os Kku ds lk/ku rFkk çkS|ksfxdh çlkj vkSj mRiknu] lkewfgdhdj.k vkSj okf.kT; dsUæ ds :i esa Hkh dk;Z djrs gSaA

1-

2-

,uvkj,y,e dh eq[; fo'ks"krk,a

blds vfrfjä] ,uvkj,y,e vf/kd mRiknu] gjlaHko lgk;rk] lwpuk] _.k] çkS|ksfxdh] cktkj vkfn miyCèk djkdj fof”k’V laLFkkvksa ;Fkk & vkthfodk lewgksa] mRiknu] lgdkjh laÄksa daifu;ksa dks c<k+ok nsxkA

vkthfodk lewg xjhcksa dks vius lhfer lalk/kuksa dk vuqdwy mi;ksx djus esa l{ke cuk,xkA ljdkjh ,oa xSj&ljdkjh ç;klksa }kjk fufeZr xjhc efgykvksa ds laxBu gSaA ,uvkj,y,e lHkh ekStwnk laLFkkvksa dks lk>snkjh Lo:i esa lq–< c+uk,xkA ljdkjh ,oa xSj&ljdkjh nksuksa esa Lolgk;rk lao)Zu laLFkk dh lgk;rk dh tk,xhA blds vfrfjä] ekStwnk laLFkkvksa vkSj muds ç/kku ,oa LVkQ dk vxz.kh laLFkkvksa ds :i esa mi;ksx fd;k tk,xk rkfd ubZ laLFkk,a cukus vkSj mudk lapkyu djus dh çfØ;k dks lg;ksx fn;k tk ldsA

çf”k{k.k] {kerk fuekZ.k vkSj dkS”ky fuekZ.k% ,uvkj,y,e ;g lqfuf”pr djsxk fd xjhcksa dks fuEufyf[kr ds fy, i;kZIr dkS”ky miyC/k djk,xk% viuh laLFkkvksa dk çca/ku djuk] cktkj ds lkFk laidZ LFkkfir djuk] ekStwnk vkthfodk dk çca/ku djuk] mudh _.k mi;ksx {kerk rFkk _.k lk[k c<k+ukA yf{kr ifjokjksa] Lo&lgk;rk lewgksa] muds ifjlaÄksa] ljdkjh dfeZ;ksa] cSadjksa]

3-

,uvkj,y,e dh eq[; fo'ks"krk,a A


xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa vkSj vU; eq[; LVsdgksYMjksa ds fy, cgq&lw=h; –f’Vdks.k dh ladYiuk dh xbZ gSA Lo&lgk;rk lewgksa vkSj muds ifjlaÄksa rFkk vU; lewgksa ds {kerk fuekZ.k ds fy, lkeqnkf;d is”ksojksa vkSj lkeqnkf;d lalk/ku O;fä;ksa dks dk;Z esa yxkus ij fo”ks’k /;ku dsfUær fd;k tk,xkA ,uvkj,y,e Kku&çlkj vkSj {kerk fuekZ.k dks vkSj vf/kd çHkkoh cukus ds fy, vkbZlhVh dk O;kid mi;ksx djsxkA

ifjØkehfuf/k vkSj iwathxr lfClMh% lfClMh ifjØkeh fuf/k vkSj iwathxr lfClMh ds :i esa miyC/k gksxhA Lolgk;rk lewgksa ¼tgk¡ 70 çfr'kr ls vf/kd lnL; chih,y ifjokjksa esa ls gSa½ dks çksRlkgu jkf”k ds :i esa ifjØkeh fuf/k miyC/k djk;h tk,xh rkfd os cpr dh vknr cuk ldsa rFkk viuh nhÄZdkyhu _.k vko”;drkvksa rFkk miHkksx laca/kh vYidkyhu vko”;drkvksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, fuf/k;ka lafpr dj ldsA lfClMh lewg ds :i esa gksxh vkSj lnL;ksa dh _.k laca/kh vko”;drk,a iwjh djus ds fy, vkSj cSad foŸkiks’k.k dks ykHk ysus ds fy, çsjd iwath ds :i esa gksxhA xjhch ls ckgj vkus ds fy, ;qfälaxr njksa ij foŸk dh lrr ,oa lgt miyC/krk vko”;drk gS tcfd os cM+h ek=k esa viuh fuf/k;ka lafpr u dj ysA

loZO;kih foŸkh; lekos”ku% ,uvkj,y,e lHkh xjhc ifjokjksa] Lolgk;rk lewgksa ds vfrfjä loZO;kih foŸkh; lekos”ku gkfly djus ds fy, dk;Z djsxkA ,uvkj,y,e foŸkh; lekos”ku ds ekax ,oa vkiwfrZ i{k ls lacaf/kr dk;Z djsxkA ekax i{k dh vksj ;g xjhcksa ds chp foŸkh; lk{kjrk dks c<k+ok nsxk vkSj Lolgk;rk lewgksa ,oa muds ifjlaÄksa dks çsjd iwath miyC/k djk,xkA vkiwfrZ i{k dh vksj ;g foŸkh; {ks= ds lkFk leUo; djsxk rFkk lwpuk] lapkj ,oa çkS|ksfxdh ¼vkbZlhVh½ vkèkkfjr foŸkh; çkS|ksfxfd;ksa] fctusl dkWjliksUMsaV ,oa lkeqnkf;d lqfo/kknkrk ;Fkk & cSad fe= ds mi;ksx dks çksRlkfgr djsxkA ;g e`R;q] LokLF; ,oa ifjlaifŸk;ksa ds u’V gksus dh fLFkfr esa xzkeh.k xjhc ds loZO;kih dojst ds fy,

4-

5-

dk;Z djsxkA lkFk gh] ;g fo”ks’kdj mu {ks=ksa esa tgk¡ iyk;u LFkkfud gS] Hksth gqbZ jde ls lacaf/kr dk;Z djsxkA

C;ktxr lfClMh miyC/k djkuk% xzkeh.k xjhcksa dks de C;kt nj ij rFkk fofo/k ek=k esa _.k dh vko”;drk gksrh gS rkfd muds ç;klksa dks vkfFkZd :i ls O;ogk;Z cuk;k tk ldsA lLrk _.k miyCèk djkus ds fy, ,uvkj,y,e ds varxZr lHkh ik= Lolgk;rk lewgksa ftUgksaus rRdky _.k vnk;xh ds vk/kkj ij eq[; foŸkh; laLFkkvksa ls _.k çkIr fd;k gS] ds fy, 7 çfr'kr ls vfèkd C;kt nj ij _.k dk çko/kku gSA tc rd dksbZ lnL; iqujko`r lap;h _.k ds tfj, çfr lnL; 1-00 yk[k #i, rd _.k çkIr djrk gS] ;g lfClMh Lolgk;rk lewgksa dks miyC/k gksxh tgka de ls de 70 çfr'kr lnL; chih,y ifjokj ls gSaA tc Lolgk;rk lewg dks iwathxr lfClMh çkIr gksrh gS( C;ktxr lfClMh ykxw ugÈ gksxhA rFkkfi] C;ktxr lfClMh Lolgk;rk lewg dks rc nh tk,xh tc os iwathxr lfClMh lac) _.k vnk;xh djus ds ckn u;k _.k çkIr djrs gSaA

vkthfodkthou&;kiu ds fy, lk/ku ra= ds :i esa xjhcksa dh fofo/k vkthfodk gksrh gSA mudh ekStwnk çeq[k vkthfodk,a gSa% etnwjh Je] yÄq ,oa lhekar —f’k] i”kqikyu ouksit] eRL;ikyu vkSj ikjaifjd xSj&—f’k O;olk;A orZeku vkthfodk ls fuoy vk; vkSj jkstxkj fnol muds O;; dh iwfrZ djus ds fy, i;kZIr ugÈ gSA ,uvkj,y,e çR;sd xzkeh.k ifjokj dh vkthfodk ds Lo:i ij fopkj djsxk rFkk ekStwnk vkthfodk dks LFkk;h ,oa le`) djus ds fy, dk;Z djsxk ,oa rRi”pkr mudh vkthfodk dks fofo/krk çnku djsxkA

volajpuk l`tu vkSj foi.ku lgk;rk% ,uvkj,y,e ;g lqfuf”pr djsxk fd xjhcksa dh vkthfodk laca/kh eq[; fØ;kdykiksa ds fy, volajpukRed

6-

7-

8-

��

vko”;drk,a iw.kZr% iwjh gksA ;g xjhc dh laLFkkvksa dks foi.ku lgk;rk Hkh miyC/k djk,xkA foi.ku lgk;rk esa vusd fØ;kdykiksa esa cktkj vuqla/kku] cktkj Kku çkS|ksfxdh] foLrkj] gj laHko lgk;rk miyC/k djkuk] vkthfodk lewg cukuk rFkk mudh dk;Z ;kstukvksa esa lg;ksx nsuk “kkfey gSA bu fØ;kdykiksa&fo”ks’kdj cktkj laidZ ds fy, ,uvkj,y,e lkoZtfud vkSj futh laxBuksa rFkk muds usVodZ@laÄ ds lkFk lk>snkjh dks çksRlkgu ,oa lg;ksx nsxkA xzkeh.k gkVksa dks Hkh çksRlkfgr fd;k tk,xk rkfd os ykHkkfFkZ;ksa ds lrr fuèkkZj.k ,oa vuqØe dh lqfodflr ra= ds tfj, mRiknd lewgksa “kgjh ,oa “kgj ds ckgj ds cktkjksa ds vyx&vyx mRikndksa ds lkFk çR;{k laidZ dk;e dj ldsaA jkT; dk 20 çfr'kr dk;ZØe ifjO;; bl ç;kstukFkZ vkjf{kr j[kk tkrk gSA

dkS”ky ,oa fu;kstu ifj;kstuk,a% ,uvkj,y,e lk>snkjh jhfr ds tfj, dkS”ky mé;u ,oa fu;kstu ifj;kstuk,a tkjh j[ksxk D;ksafd ;g ;qokvksa esa mŸke fuos”k esa ls ,d gS vkSj mHkjrs cktkjksa esa vkthfodk voljksa dks çksRlkgu nsrk gSA bls lq–< d+jus ds fy, lkoZtfud] futh] xSj&ljdkjh vkSj lkeqnkf;d laxBuksa ds lkFk lk>snkjh ds fofHkUUk ekWMy cuk, tk,axsA vkS|ksfxd ifjlaÄksa rFkk {ks= fof”k’V deZpkjh laÄksa ds lkFk laca/kksa dks etcwr fd;k tk,xkA bl ç;kl esa jk’Vªh; dkS”ky fodkl fuxe ¼,u,lMhlh½ çeq[k lgHkkxh gksxkA ,uvkj,y,e ds rgr dsUæh; vkcaVu dk 15 çfr'kr bl mís'; ds fy, fu;r fd;k x;k gSA

xzkeh.k Lo&jkstxkj çf”k{k.k laLFkku ¼vkj,lbZVhvkbZ½% ,uvkj,y,e ds varxZr lkoZtfud {ks= ds cSadksa dks ns”k ds lHkh ftyksa esa xzkeh.k Lo&jkstxkj çf”k{k.k laLFkku ¼vkj,lbZVhvkbZ½ LFkkfir djus ds fy, çksRlkfgr fd;k tkrk gSA vkj,lbZVh laLFkkuksa ds ek/;e ls ftys ds csjkstxkj xzkeh.k ;qokvksa dks vkRefo”oklh Lo&jkstxkjh m|fe;ksa ds :i esa ifjofrZr fd;k tkrk gS] ftlds fy, vko”;drk vk/kkfjr vuqHkotU; çf”k{k.k dk;ZØe ,oa O;ofLFkr

9-

10-

gSaMgksÇYMx liksVZ dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA p;u] çf”k{k.k rFkk çf”k{k.k i”pkr pj.kksa esa cSadksa dks “kkfey fd;k tkrk gSA vius mís”;ksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, vkj,lbZVhvkbZ fu/kZuksa ds laLFkkuksa lfgr vU;ksa dk lg;ksx ysrs gSaA

ubZ igysa% ,uvkj,y,e ds vuqlkj] ubZ igyksa ls fu/kZurk dks nwj djus ds dbZ ekxZ ç”kLr gksaxsA dsUæh; vkcaVu dk 5 çfr'kr ubZ igyksa ds fy, fu;r fd;k tkrk gSA os ifjiw.kZ lek/kku gksus pkfg, vkSj muesa fu/kZuksa ds vkthfodk laxBuksa dks tkudkjh miyC/k djkus ,oa muds {kerk fuekZ.k dk Li’V vf/kns”k fufgr gksuk pkfg,A ,slh igysa viukbZ tkuh pkfg, ftuls fu/kZure yksxksa vFkok vf/kd ls vf/kd xjhc yksxksa dks ykHk feys vkSj lhfer lzksrksa ls vf/kdre çHkko iM+sA

rkyesy ,oa lgHkkfxrkrkyesy% ,uvkj,y,e ds varxZr xzkeh.k fodkl ea=ky; rFkk vU; dsUæh; ea=ky;ksa ,oa jkT; ljdkjksa ds dk;ZØeksa ds lkFk rkyesy ij vf/kd cy fn;k tk,xk] rkfd çR;{k rkSj ij vkSj fu/kZuksa dh laLFkkvksa ds ek/;e ls rkjrE; LFkkfir fd;k tk ldsA

xSj&ljdkjh laLFkkvksa rFkk vU; flfoy lkslk;Vh laxBuksa ¼lh,lvks½ ds lkFk lgHkkfxrk% ,uvkj,y,e ds rgr xSj&ljdkjh laLFkkvksa ,oa vU; flfoy lkslk;Vh laLFkkvksa ¼lhlvks½ ds lkFk uhfr fuekZ.k ,oa dk;kZUo;u Lrjksa ij lgHkkfxrk dh tk,xhA ;g lgHkkfxrk] ,uvkj,y,e esa fufgr egRoiw.kZ ekU;rkvksa rFkk ewY;ksa vkSj çfØ;kvksa ,oa ifj.kkeksa ds laca/k esa ikjLifjd le>kSrs ds vk/kkj ij gksxhA ,uvkj,y,e ds rgr ,uthvks ,oa vU; lh,lvks ds lkFk lgHkkfxrk ds fy, ,d jk’Vªh; <kapk rS;kj fd;k tk,xkA blds vykok] fofHkUUk Lrjksa ij vU; LVsdgksYMjksa ds lkFk çR;{kr% vFkok fu/kZuksa dh laLFkkvksa ds ek/;e ls lgHkkfxrk dh tk,xhA

11-

12-

13-



iapk;rh jkt laLFkkvksa ds lkFk laidZ% iapk;rh jkt laLFkkvksa ¼ihvkjvkbZ½ dh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk ftlesa “kklu] ,tsalh] O;olkf;d ,oa jktuhfrd Hkwfedk “kkfey gS] dks ns[krs gq, fo”ks’k :i ls xzke iapk;r Lrj ij iapk;rksa rFkk fu/kZuksa dh laLFkkvksa ds chp ,d ikjLifjd ykHkdkjh dk;Z laca/kh laca/k fodflr fd, tkus pfg,A ikjLifjd lykg] lgk;rk ,oa lalk/kuksa dh fgLlsnkjh gsrq fu/kZuksa dh laLFkkvksa rFkk iapk;rh jkt laLFkkvksa ds chp fu;fer ijke”kZ ds fy, ,d vkSipkfjd ra= LFkkfir djuk vko”;d gksxkA rFkkfi] mudh Lok;Ÿkrk cuk, j[kh tk,xhA tgka iapk;rh jkt laLFkk,a ugÈ gSa] ogka ikjaifjd LFkk;h xzke laLFkkvksa ds lkFk Çydst LFkkfir fd;k tk,xkA

laosnukRed lgk;rkcká laosnukRed lgk;rk Lo:i% ,uvkj,y,e ds çfØ;ksUeq[k ç;kl ds fy, lefiZr ekuo lalk/ku visf{kr gksaxsA bls ns[krs gq, ,uvkj,y,e ds rgr jk’Vªh;] jkT;] ftyk rFkk mi&ftyk Lrjksa ij laosnh ,oa lefiZr lgk;rk lajpuk,a LFkkfir dh tk,axhA buesa jk’Vªh; Lrj ij ,uvkj,y,e lykgdkj] leUo; ,oa vf/kdkj&çkIr lfefr;ka rFkk jk’Vªh; fe”ku çca/ku ,dd] jkT; Lrj ij Lok;Ÿk fudk;ksa ds :i esa jkT; xzkeh.k vkthfodk fe”ku ¼,lvkj,y,e½ ,oa jkT; fe”ku çca/ku ,dd] ftyk Lrj ij ftyk fe”ku çca/ku ,dd vkSj CykWd rFkk@vFkok cLrh Lrj ij mi&ftyk ,dd “kkfey gSaA ;s ljdkj] ftyk xzkeh.k fodkl ,tsafl;ksa ¼MhvkjMh,½ rFkk iapk;rh jkt laLFkkvksa ds lkFk mi;qä :i ls laidZ cuk, j[ksaxhA MhvkjMh ,tsafl;ksa esa fu/kZuksa dh laLFkkvksa ds çfrfuf/k;ksa dks “kkfey djds rFkk bUgsa O;kolkf;d :i nsdj buds “kklu dks lq–< f+d;k tk,xk] rkfd os fu/kZuksa dh vko”;drkvksa dks iwjk dj ldsaA buesa lgHkkfxrk ,oa lsokvksa dh vkmVlksfl±x lfgr mi;qä O;oLFkk ds ek/;e ls O;kolkf;d :i ls n{k ,oa lefiZr ekuo lalk/kuksa esa ls LVkWQ dh O;oLFkk dh tk,xhA

14-

15-

mä lajpuk dk mís”; ,d vkarfjd laosnkRed lgk;rk lajpuk fodflr djuk gS] ftlesa fu/kZuksa dh laLFkkvksa] muds LVkWQ rFkk vU; lkekftd iwath dks “kkfey fd;k tk,xkA le; ds lkFk&lkFk vkarfjd lgk;rk lajpuk dh Hkwfedk dk foLrkj fd;k tk,xk vkSj ,slh dbZ çfØ;kvksa esa cká lajpuk ds LFkku ij budk ç;ksx fd;k tk,xkA

rduhdh lgk;rk% ,uvkj,y,e ds varxZr blds izHkkoh dk;kZUo;u gsrq jkT;ksa rFkk vU; LkHkh lgHkkfx;ksa dh laLFkkxr {kerkvksa ds l`tu ,oa mudh lqn`<+rk ds fy, mUgsa rduhdh lgk;rk miyC/k gksxhA blls jk’Vªh; Kku izca/ku ,oa f”k{k.k [email protected];ksa dh miyC/rk lqfuf”pr gksxhA blls fu/kZuksa dh laLFkkvksa rFkk cSafdax {ks=ksa lkoZtfud ,oa futh {ks=ksa ds chp lgHkkfxrk c<sxh ftlls fuèkZuksa dks ykHk fey ldsaxsA blls lkekftd ,dtqVrk] lkaLFkkfud fuekZ.k] ekbØks&Qkbusal] vkthfodk] dkS”ky fodk”k] m|e”khyrk vkfn lfgr izklafxd {ks=ksa esa fo”ks"kKksa] izSfDVl djus okyksa rFkk Lkykgdkjksa dk jk’Vªh; iqy cukus esa lgk;rk feysxhA os jkT; Lrj ij xjhch nwj djus laca/kh j.kuhfr;ka cukus rFkk mUgsa fØ;kfUor djus esa ,uvkj,y,e dks ekSds ij lgk;rk miYkC?k djk,axsA

fuxjkuh rFkk f”k{k.k% ,uvkj,y,e }kjk osCk vk/kkfjr leh{kk lfefr ¼lfefr;ksa½ dh fu;fer cSBdksa( ofj’B lgdfeZ;ksa] LFkkuh;] ftyk] jkT; ,oa jk’VªLrjh; fuxjkuh lewgksa }kjk nkSjksa vkSj Lkeh{kk ,oa vk;kstuk fe”kuksa dh O;oLFkk ds ek?;e ls vius ifj.kkeksa] izfØ;kvksa rFkk dk;Zdykiksa dh ekWuhVfjax dh tk,xhA IkzfØ;k fuxjkuh v?;;uksa] fo’k;kRed v?;;uksa rFkk izHkko laca/kh ewY;kaduksa ls mi;qZDr esa lgk;rk feysxhA blls vkSj vf/kd ikjnf”kZrk ykus ds fy, lkekftd Tkokcnsgh izfØ;kvksa dks izksRlkgu feysxkA ;g ,yvkj,y,e rFkk jkT; ljdkjksa }kjk fodflr ra=ksa ds vykok gksxkA

foÙkiks’k.k i}fr% ,uvkj,y,e ,d dsanzh; izk;ksftr ;kstuk gS vkSj bl dk;ZØe dk foÙkiks’k.k] dsanz vkSj jkT;ksa dsa Ckhp ds 75 % 25 vuqikr ¼flfDde lfgr

16-

17-

18-

��

iwoksZÙkj jkT;ksa ds ekeys esa 90 % 10] Lka/k jkT; {ksa=ksa dsa ekeys esa iw.kZr% dsUnz ls½ esa gksxkA jkT;ksa ds fy, fu;e dsanzh; vkcaVu dk forj.k eksVs rkSj ij jkT;ksa esa xjhch ds vuqikr esa gksxkA

pj.kCk} dk;kZUo;u% fu/kZuksa dh lkekftd iwath esa xjhch dh laLFkk,a] muds usrk] lkeqnkf;d is”ksoj rFkk lkeqnkf;d lgk;rk&izkIr O;fDr ¼xjhc efgyk,a ftudk thou mudh laLFkkvksa ds lg;ksx ls ifjofrZr gqvk gS½ “kkfey gSaA “kq# ds o’kksZ esa lkekftd iwath ds fuekZ.k esa dqN le; yxrk gS] ijUrq dqN le; ckn blesa rsth ls o`f) gksrh gSA ,uvkj,y,e esa xjhcksa dh lkekftd iwath dh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gS] blds fcuk ;g turk dk dk;ZØe ugha cu ldrkA LkkFk gh] ;g Hkh lqfuf”pr fd;k tkuk vko”;d gS fd igyksa dh xq.koÙkk ,oa izHkko”khyrk esa deh u vk,A blhfy,] ,uvkj,y,e ds ekeys esa pj.kc) dk;kZUo;u laca/kh n`f’Vdks.k viuk;k tkrk gSA 12oha iapo’khZ; ;kstuk ds var esa ,uvkj,y,e dh LkHkh ftyksa RkFkk CykWdksa esa igqap lqfuf”pr dh tk,xhA

ftu CykWdksa esa ,uvkj,y,e dk O;kid :Ik ls dk;kZUo;u fd;k tk,xk] ogka izf”kf{kr is”ksoj

19-

LVkWQ miyC/k djk;k tk,xk vkSj lkoZHkkSe ,oa xgu lkekftd ,oa foÙkh; lekos”ku] vkthfodk] Hkkxhnkjh vkfn tSlh xfrfof/k;ka fu’ikfnr dh tk,axhA rFkkfi] “ks’k CykWdksa ;k de l/ku CykWdksa esa xfrfof/k;ka lhfer :i ls gksaxh bu CykWdksa esa ifjO;;] orZeku ,lth,lokbZ ds rgr buds fy, jkT; vkSlr vkcaVu rd lhfer jgsxkA

,uvkj,y,e dks ykxw djuk% LkHkh jkT;ksa@la/k jkT; {ks=ksa dks ,uvkj,y,e dh vkSipkfjd “kq#vkr ls ,d o’kZ esa bls ykxw djuk gksxkA blds ckn ,lth,lokbZ ds varxZr foÙkiks’k.k lekIr gks tk,xkA

,uvkj,y,e dh dk;Zlwph% ,uvkj,y,e ds varxZr ns”k ds 6‐0 yk[k xkaoksa dh 2‐5 yk[k iapk;rksa ds 6000 CykWdksa esa 7‐0 djksM+ chih,y ifjokjksa ds Lo&lapkfyr ,l,pth ,oa muds la?kh; laLFkkuksa ,oa vkthfodk iz;kstuksa ds fy, lgk;rk iznku djus dk y{; j[kk x;k gSA ,uvkj,y,e ds rgr mUgsa nh/kZdkfyd rFkk xjhch nwj djus ds muds iz;klksa esa lgk;rk nh tk,xhA blds vykok] fu/kZuksa dks muds vf/kdkfjrk ds ckjs esa tkx:d fd;k tk,xkA

20-

21-



vkfFkZd lgk;rkfoÙkh; ekudlhek

Lo&lgk;rk lewgksa dk xBu% lewgksa ds xBu ,oa muds fodkl ds fy, ,uthvkslhchvks lkeqnkf;d leUo;kdksa lqfoèkknkrkvksa ,uhesVjksa dks 10000@& :0 çfr lewg fn, tk,axsA

ifjØkeh fuf/k ¼vkj,Q½% ,l,pth ds dkjil ds :i esa U;wure 10000@& :0 ls ysdj vf/kdre 15000@& :0 çfr ,l,pth lgk;rk nh tk,xhA ;g mu lHkh ,l,pth dks nh tk,xh ftUgksaus igys vkj,Q çkIr ugÈ fd;k gSA 70 çfr'kr ls vfèkd chih,y lnL;ksa okys Lo&lgk;rk lewg gh vkj ,Q ds ik= gSaA

iwathxr lfClMh ¼lh,l½% ,l,pth ds lnL;ksa rFkk oS;fäd ykHkkfFkZ;ksa nksuksa ds fy, lkekU; Js.kh ds fy, 15000@& :0 rFkk vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr Js.kh ds fy, 20]000@& :0 çfr vuqlwfpr tutkfr Js.kh dh iwathxr lfClMh lhek ykxw gSA çR;sd ,l,pth vf/kdre 2-50 yk[k :0 dh lfClMh ds fy, ik= gSA dsoy chih,y lnL; oS;fäd lfClMh ds fy, ik= gSa vkSj 70 çfr'kr chih,y lnL;ksa okys ,l,pth lfClMh ds ik= gSaA tgka Hkh Lolgk;rk lewg ,slh O;oLFkk pkgrs gSa] iwathxr lfClMh lhèks Lolgk;rk lewgksa dks vFkok mUgsa muds ifjla?kksa ds ekè;e ls nh tk,xhA

{kerk fuekZ.k rFkk dkS”ky çf”k{k.k% 7500 :0 çfr ykHkkFkÊ & bl ÄVds ds rgr miyC/k jkf”k]

1-

2-

3-

4-

u dsoy ykHkkfFkZ;ksa cfYd dk;ZØe vfèkdkfj;ksa ,oa LVkWQ] lkeqnkf;d is”ksojksa] lacafèkr ljdkjh deZpkfj;ksa vkfn] ,uthvks] iapk;rh jkt laLFkkvksa ds dk;ZdŸkkZvksa vkfn lfgr lHkh vU; LVsdgksYMjksa ds çf”k{k.k ,oa {kerk fuekZ.kds fy, mi;ksx dh tkrh gSA ,Dlikstj nkSjksa rFkk be”kZu nkSjksa ij O;; dks Hkh bl ÄVd ds rgr doj fd;k tkuk gSA mfYyf[kr dkS”ky çf”k{k.k ls rkRi;Z Lojkstxkj ds fy, lnL; Lrjh; çf”k{k.k ls gS rFkk ;g jkstxkj &lec) dkS”ky çf”k{k.k ls vyx gSA

C;kt lfClMh% cSadks ls çkIr lHkh ,l,pth _.kksa ds fy, 7 çfr'kr okf’kZd ls vf/kd C;kt nj ij lfClMh] le; ij iquHkZqxrku ij vk/kkfjr gSA fdlh ykHkkFkÊ ;k ,l,pth lnL; dks C;kt ij lfClMh] mlds }kjk 1-00 yk[k :0 rd ds cSad _.k ij nh tk,xhA vuqeku gS fd Lo&lgk;rk lewgksa esa lnL;ksa dks foŸkiks"k.k esa nksgjko gksxk vkSj ;g 1-00 yk[k :0 dh lhek] fdlh lnL; ¼ifjokj½ }kjk çkIr fd;k x;k lap;h _.k gSA fdlh ,l,pth }kjk iwathxr lfClMh ds ekeys esa mä lfClMh miyC/k ugÈ gksxhA

ifjlaÄksa ds LFkkf;Ro rFkk n{krk ds fy, dkiZl QaM gsrq ,deq”r vuqnku &

xzkeiapk;r Lrjh; ifjlaÄksa ds fy, 10000@& :0

CykWd Lrjh; ifjlaÄ ds fy, 20000@& :0

ftyk Lrjh; ifjlaÄ ds fy, 100000@& :0

5-

6-

��

ç”kklfud O;;% dkS”ky fodkl rFkk jkstxkj vkSj vkj,lbZVhvkbZ ÄVd gsrq vkcaVu dk 5 çfr'kr ;g jkT;ksa dks dsUæh; fjyht rFkk laxr jkT; fgLls dk 5 çfr'kr gSA

vk/kkjHkwr lqfo/kk,a rFkk foi.ku% dsUæh; fgLls rFkk jkT; Lrjh; fgLls vFkkZr~ jkT; ds dk;ZØe ifjO;; ds 20 çfr'kr rd ¼iwokZsŸkj jkT;ksa rFkk flfôe ds ekeys esa 25 çfr'kr½A

dkS”ky rFkk jkstxkj ifj;kstuk,a ,oa uohuhdj.k ¼dsUæh; vkcaVu dk 20 çfr'kr½% uohuhdj.k

7-

8-

9-

ifj;kstukvksa ij O;; 5 çfr'kr ls vf/kd ugÈ gksuk pkfg, vkSj “ks’k 15 çfr'kr jkstxkj lEc) dkS”ky fodkl ifj;kstukvksa ds fy, gSA jkstxkj lEc) dkS”ky fodkl ifj;kstukvksa ds fy, vkcaVu ¼7-5 çfr'kr ½ dk 50 çfr'kr cgq&jkT;h; dkS”ky fodkl ifj;kstukvksa gsrq dsUæ ds ikl j[kk tkrk gS vkSj “ks’k jkT; fof”k’V dkS”ky fodkl ,oa jkstxkj ifj;kstukvksa ds dk;kZUo;u gsrq jkT;ksa dks vkcafVr fd;k tkrk gSA jkT;ksa }kjk mUgsa fjyht dh xbZ jkf”k dk laxr jkT; fgLlk miyC/k djkuk gksrk gSA

vkfFkZd lgk;rkfoÙkh; ekudlhek A

Documents

NRLM Mission Document