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NSTA Denver Regional 2013
National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research
Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes
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The Interior of the Sun
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SunspotsMagnetic “loops” near
sunspot area
Source NASA TRACE Spacecraft
NSTA Denver Regional 2013
Solar Flares
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Coronal Mass Ejection
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Solar Cycle
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Earth’s Magnetosphere
NSTA Denver Regional 2013
Activity on The Nature of Light –
Absorption, Reflection (Scattering), Transmission,
or Combination of These
Meet the Photon Folks
NSTA Denver Regional 2013
Where does color come from?
What if...
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Weather and Light
TextText
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Air Temperature
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Atmosphere’s Convection Currents
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White-light image of the sun. Taken on September 13, 2001 by the Big Bear Observatory
The Sun in Visible Light --
Whatcolor is
this light?White?Are yousure?
Let’s find out!
Taking Light Apart;Putting It Back Together
NSTA Denver Regional 2013
Blue Sky* Activity
... and Red Sunsets
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Our Atmosphere from Space
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Sun seen in light/radiation that isinvisible to our eyes.
Soft X-ray image of the sun. Taken on September 13, 2001 by the Yohko Spacecraft.
Extreme Ultraviolet image of the sun. Taken on September 13, 2001 by the Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope aboard the SOHO Spacecraft.
NSTA Denver Regional 2013
Ultraviolet LightInfrared Light
Visible Light
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NSTA Denver Regional 2013
Wavelength is the distance from the crest
of one wave to the crest of the next.
Wavelength is measured in meters.
Frequency is the number of waves in a given unit of
time, usually a second. Frequency is measured in
Hertz.
NSTA Denver Regional 2013
Wave Demo Activity
NSTA Denver Regional 2013
Spectroscope Activity
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a. Incandescentb. Fluorescentc. Hg low pressured. Hg high pressuree. Metal Halidef. Na (sodium) highg. Na low pressureh. Red Neon Signi. Neon Sign (other than red)
NSTA Denver Regional 2013
Our Atmospheric Filter
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ALBEDO – the amount of light energy
reflected by the Earth, measuredon a scale from 0 to 1 or 0 to 100%
(Earth’s average albedo is about 0.31 or 31% --Snow has a high albedo; the ocean has a low albedo))
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AlbedoZebra
Stripes!
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Source: Jet Propulsion Laboratory & the University of California
IR movie
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11 million square miles3 times the size of the U.S.
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Refraction of Light
• Light is bent by refraction. The index of refraction for water is 4/3, implying that light travels 3/4 as fast in water as it does in a vacuum.
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The LEO tracks the GPS phase while the signal is occulted to determine the Doppler -- when you understand light, you can understand today’s most advanced technological tools. For instance you have to understand principals of refraction to understand radio occultation.
(Demonstrate refraction by having students stick a sharp pencil through a closed baggy filled with water
LEO
vleo
vGPS
Tangent point
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Ultraviolet Light
NSTA Denver Regional 2013
Thank you for joining us today for
In a New Light