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NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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Page 1: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

NSTA Denver Regional 2013

National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research

Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

Page 2: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

NSTA Denver Regional 2013 2

The Interior of the Sun

Page 3: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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Page 4: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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SunspotsMagnetic “loops” near

sunspot area

Source NASA TRACE Spacecraft

Page 5: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

NSTA Denver Regional 2013

Solar Flares

Page 6: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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Coronal Mass Ejection

Page 7: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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Solar Cycle

Page 8: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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Earth’s Magnetosphere

Page 9: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

NSTA Denver Regional 2013

Activity on The Nature of Light –

Absorption, Reflection (Scattering), Transmission,

or Combination of These

Meet the Photon Folks

Page 10: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

NSTA Denver Regional 2013

Where does color come from?

What if...

Page 11: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes
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Weather and Light

TextText

Page 13: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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Air Temperature

Page 14: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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Atmosphere’s Convection Currents

Page 15: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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White-light image of the sun. Taken on September 13, 2001 by the Big Bear Observatory

The Sun in Visible Light --

Whatcolor is

this light?White?Are yousure?

Let’s find out!

Taking Light Apart;Putting It Back Together

Page 16: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

NSTA Denver Regional 2013

Blue Sky* Activity

... and Red Sunsets

Page 17: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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Our Atmosphere from Space

Page 18: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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Sun seen in light/radiation that isinvisible to our eyes.

Soft X-ray image of the sun. Taken on September 13, 2001 by the Yohko Spacecraft.

Extreme Ultraviolet image of the sun. Taken on September 13, 2001 by the Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope aboard the SOHO Spacecraft.

Page 19: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

NSTA Denver Regional 2013

Ultraviolet LightInfrared Light

Visible Light

Page 20: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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Page 21: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

NSTA Denver Regional 2013

Wavelength is the distance from the crest

of one wave to the crest of the next.

Wavelength is measured in meters.

Frequency is the number of waves in a given unit of

time, usually a second. Frequency is measured in

Hertz.

Page 22: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

NSTA Denver Regional 2013

Wave Demo Activity

Page 23: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

NSTA Denver Regional 2013

Spectroscope Activity

Page 24: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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a. Incandescentb. Fluorescentc. Hg low pressured. Hg high pressuree. Metal Halidef. Na (sodium) highg. Na low pressureh. Red Neon Signi. Neon Sign (other than red)

Page 25: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

NSTA Denver Regional 2013

Our Atmospheric Filter

Page 26: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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ALBEDO – the amount of light energy

reflected by the Earth, measuredon a scale from 0 to 1 or 0 to 100%

(Earth’s average albedo is about 0.31 or 31% --Snow has a high albedo; the ocean has a low albedo))

Page 27: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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AlbedoZebra

Stripes!

Page 28: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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Source: Jet Propulsion Laboratory & the University of California

IR movie

Page 29: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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Page 30: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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11 million square miles3 times the size of the U.S.

Page 31: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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Page 32: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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Refraction of Light

• Light is bent by refraction. The index of refraction for water is 4/3, implying that light travels 3/4 as fast in water as it does in a vacuum.

Page 33: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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The LEO tracks the GPS phase while the signal is occulted to determine the Doppler -- when you understand light, you can understand today’s most advanced technological tools. For instance you have to understand principals of refraction to understand radio occultation.

(Demonstrate refraction by having students stick a sharp pencil through a closed baggy filled with water

LEO

vleo

vGPS

Tangent point

Page 34: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

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Ultraviolet Light

Page 35: NSTA Denver Regional 2013 National Center for University Corporation Atmospheric Research for Atmospheric Research Teresa Eastburn Tim Barnes

NSTA Denver Regional 2013

Thank you for joining us today for

In a New Light