Upload
abner-barton
View
216
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Nutrition
Nutritional Needs
•Calcium and iron are important ▫From toddlers to teenagers
•Special dietary needs for teenagers:▫This is a time of growth spurts
20% of adult height 50% of adult weight
Teenagers and Calcium
•Teenagers need calcium to build strong bones
•The osteoporosis connection…▫Why talk about this in a child & adolescent
health class??
Osteoporosis
•1 of every 2 American women will get osteoporosis after the age of 65.
•Why worry about teenagers?▫Less than half of teenagers get enough
calcium in their diet. For girls – about 15% get enough calcium.
The teenage years are the time to build strong bones
Soda consumption & Osteoporosis•Girls who drank soft drinks: 3x more
likely to have a bone fracture▫Physically active girls: 5x more likely to
have a bone fracture
▫Why? Phosphoric acid Less calcium consumption
Who is at risk?
•Those who do not get enough calcium
•Females•Those with high soft drink consumption
•Those who do not exercise
•Caucasians and Asians
•Family history•Smoking•Alcohol
Prevention
•Eating calcium-rich foods▫Dairy products, calcium-fortified orange
juice, leafy green vegetables, canned salmon or tuna
▫May need a calcium supplement•Weight-bearing exercises•Limit soft drink consumption•Don’t smoke
•Notice anything about this list?
“Selling” it to teenagers
•Make it beneficial in the short term▫May need to relate it to body image
“Calcium will help you grow taller” “Do you know those older people that are
stooped over?”
Eating Disorders
Teenagers & Eating Disorders• Girls 15 – 19 years old:
▫Account for 40% of new anorexia cases every year.
▫There has been a rise in anorexia among this age group every decade since 1930!
• Bulimia:▫The incidences of bulimia have tripled among
10-39 year-olds from 1988 to 1993
• Most of those with anorexia or bulimia do NOT receive adequate care.
Teenagers & Dieting
•Over ½ half of teenage girls and 1/3 of teen boys use unhealthy weight control behaviors. ▫ (Neumark-Sztainer, 2005)
▫These behaviors include: Skipping meals Fasting Smoking cigarettes to control weight Vomiting Taking laxatives
Anorexia Nervosa• Self-starvation
▫Essential nutrients are denied (no or little food) so the body slows down all normal processes to conserve energy.
• Health consequences▫Low blood pressure / heart rate▫Muscle loss / weakness▫Dehydration▫Fainting / fatigue▫Dry hair and skin
•90-95% are female so, 5-10% are male.•Similar characteristics:
▫Preoccupied with weight Males may have preoccupation with body
building, weight lifting or toning.▫Compulsive exercise▫Frequently weighing oneself▫Distorted body image
Bulimia Nervosa
•Typically a binge – purge method▫Binge – secret periods of quickly eating
high-calorie dense foods.▫Purge – more than the typical vomiting.
•80% are female•Health consequences:
▫Irregular heartbeat = heart failure = death.
▫Tooth decay▫Ulcers
Signs and Symptoms (Anorexia & Bulemia)• Weight loss• No or irregular
periods• Fatigue• Decreased
concentration• Stress fractures• Muscle injuries• Low heart rate/BP• Heart irregularities• May even have chest
pain
• Continued dieting • Preoccupation with
food/weight• Frequent trips to
bathroom during and after meals
• Using laxatives• Brittle nails/hair• Dental cavities• Sensitivity to cold
Prevention
•Look at your own beliefs, attitudes, behaviors about food, weight, body image, physical appearance and exercise.
•Open communication•Healthy modeling. (setting a good example)•Critical thinking•Exercise should equal feeling better not
looking better.•Don’t use food as a reward or punishment
More information
•“Dying to be thin” www.pbs.org▫Nova program