Obesity and Your Daily Life Wen Jie Zhang, MD, PhD Professor of Pathology School of Medicine, Health...
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Obesity and Your Daily Life Wen Jie Zhang, MD, PhD Professor of Pathology School of Medicine, Health Sciences and Engineering Susquehanna Township High
Obesity and Your Daily Life Wen Jie Zhang, MD, PhD Professor of
Pathology School of Medicine, Health Sciences and Engineering
Susquehanna Township High School Lecture Series Week 1, August 2014
Clinical Relevance of This Weeks Topic
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Screening for Cervical Cancer in China
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Teaching and Learning Strategy Scientific Research
Reports/Articles Introduction/Background Identifying a disease to
study Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, etc. Materials and Methods
Mice/Patients, Reagents/Device/Tests Results Measurements obtained
and analyzed Discussion (and Conclusion) The results meaning,
significance, and conclusion(s) References/Further Readings
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Learning Objectives What is obesity Consequences of obesity How
to measure obesity How to classify obesity Obesity control and
prevention
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Session 1 Introduction
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Obesity An Individuals Challenge Daily news in public media
Intense scientific reports Commercial Ads on fat reduction An
Individuals questions: Am I overweight or obese? What to eat/drink
and what not to? Should I be on diet? How should I exercise to
reduce weight? Should I consult a doctor for advice?
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Which one is your favorite?
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More, please!
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Should I do it ?
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The Worlds Largest McDonalds Built on April 23, 1992 Beijing
China (~Tiananmen Sq) 29 cash registers 700 seats 40,000
customers/1st Buz day
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Buddy, Do I have a piece?
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Definition of Obesity A medical condition in which excess body
fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse
effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or
increased health risks. Body Mass Index (BMI) is a simple index of
weight-for-height that is commonly used to measure/classify
underweight, overweight and obesity in adults.
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Body Mass Index (BMI) BMI is defined as the weight in kilograms
divided by the square of the height in meters (unit=kg/m 2 ).
Formula: BMI = mass (kg) height (m) 2 = kg/m 2 Example: BMI = 68.2
kg (1.7m) 2 = 68.2 2.89 = 23.6 kg/m 2
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Table 1: The International Classification of adult underweight,
overweight and obesity according to BMI ClassificationBMI (kg/m 2 )
Principal cut-off points Additional cut-off points Underweight18
BMI-associated loci shared by European and East Asian ancestry
populations FTO (Fat Mass and Obesity Associated) gene Leptin
(adipo-cytokine) gene
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Consequences of Obesity Increased mortality Increased health
risks Hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke Type 2 diabetes
Dyslipidemia Sleep apnea and respiratory problems Gallbladder
disease Osteoarthritis Cancers (10 common cancers including colon,
breast, endometrial) (2014 Lancet journal report)
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Treatment of Obesity Bariatric (fat reduction) surgery Most
effective Long-term weight loss Decreased overall mortality
Medications Modest weight loss (2.9 kg [6.4 lb]) in 1 to 4 years
Side effects concerns Gene therapy?
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Prevention of Obesity Dietary change Lower food energy diet
(long-term or permanent) Limit weight gain more than weight loss
Physical exercise Long-term or permanent Limit weight gain more
than weight loss
References/Further Readings The Obesity Society
http://www.obesity.org/ http://www.obesity.org/ World Health
organization (WHO) Global Database on Body Mass Index
http://apps.who.int/bmi/index.jsp http://apps.who.int/bmi/index.jsp
The Scientific American (journal) Popkin BM. Sci Am, 2007
Sep;297(3):88-95
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Key Words Learned Obesity Body Mass Index (BMI) Epidemic /
Pandemic Genetic susceptibility Life expectancy Bariatric surgery
Dietary change Physical activity
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Your Private Project Based on what you have learned, figure out
your daily food consumption and make yourself a plan for healthy
diet and physical activities. Measure your BMI on a fortnightly or
monthly basis to monitor your body weight. Serve as a physician for
your family members and monitor their BMI monthly