Fraternity recruitment to see reform

by Arden KreegerTHE CHRONICLE

New fraternity recruitment rules will go into effect this Spring.

This year’s Interfraternity Council recruit-ment process will be one week shorter than last year’s, running for two weeks from Jan. 9 to Jan. 22, said senior Matthew Forester, IFC vice presi-dent of recruitment and new member education. Those interested must register for recruitment by Dec. 7, whereas in previous years, registration re-mained open until the first day of recruitment.

“We still want chapters to be able to meet all the guys and have a good time during recruit-ment, but we basically want it to be more safe, more responsible and more professional,” For-ester said.

Forester added that the changes to the recruit-ment process will reduce financial competition between chapters and also address the liability faced by both students and the University during IFC recruitment, such as increased section dam-ages and the number of calls to emergency medi-cal services in recent years.

“We needed to have a process that was much more professional and safe and also fun,” said Zoila Airall, assistant vice president of student af-fairs for campus life. “[IFC] decided to... be much more clear with when [recruitment] begins and when it ends, so it’s fair for all freshmen going through it and for all chapters participating.”

Airall added that IFC is planning two parties,

SEE IFC ON PAGE 8

Panel criticizes DOM amendment

by Shucao MoTHE CHRONICLE

If passed in the upcoming May referendum, the North Carolina Defense of Marriage amendment may have far-reaching effects on all couples.

Duke OUTLaw, the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender affinity group at the Duke School of Law, hosted a panel discussion Monday about the influence of the proposed amendment on gay and straight couples. The event, titled “Not Just About Gay Marriage: Why You Should Care About the N.C. ‘Marriage’ Amendment,” featured three speakers who criticized the bill on legal grounds.

Domestic partnerships, which are recognized in some parts of North Carolina, do not provide the same social perks as legal marriage does, but do give gay couples the opportunity to gain benefits from their employers. Passing the Defense of Marriage

SEE AMENDMENT ON PAGE 6

by Tiffany LieuTHE CHRONICLE

References to dangerous alcohol use on college students’ Face-book pages could indicate a higher risk for drinking problems.

A recent study conducted by Dr. Megan Moreno, a pediatric and adolescent medicine doctor with the University of Wiscon-sin at Madison, found that college students who had photos or posts on their Facebook pages about getting drunk or blacking out were more likely to be at risk for drinking problems than their classmates.

Tom Szigethy, associate dean and director of the Duke Student Wellness Center, said he is not surprised by these findings. The results align themselves with the traditional concept of compari-son drinking.

“If you isolate high-risk drinkers into one location,” Szigethy said. “It will increase the amount of drinking. College students think that high-risk behavior is the norm and therefore try to out-do those norms.”

Moreno and a team of researchers from the University of Wis-consin at Madison and the University of Washington surveyed the Facebook pages of 244 random undergraduate students with pub-licly available profiles, paying close attention to their photos and wall posts. One-third of the students had references to alcohol ranging from non-problematic social drinking to more risky be-havior, including riding in a car while drunk or getting in trouble for alcohol-related reasons. The rest of the students had no men-tion of alcohol on their pages.

These 244 undergraduates were then administered a 10-ques-tion screening test that determined whether students were at risk for problem drinking. The test assessed the frequency of drinking, binge drinking and negative consequences stemming from alcohol use.

SEE FACEBOOK ON PAGE 7

Facebook activity may indicate users’ risk for alcohol dependence

ELIZA BRAY AND MELISSA YEO/THE CHRONICLE ELIZA BRAY AND MELISSA YEO/THE CHRONICLE

Occupy Durham protestors disallowed to tent downtown

by Chinmayi SharmaTHE CHRONICLE

Protestors with Occupy Durham were told to cease camp-ing out at the CCB Plaza in downtown Durham Monday.

City officials informed approximately 75 participants with Occupy Durham—the Bull City branch of Occupy Wall Street—that they were not allowed to set up tents without first obtaining a permit. Individuals who failed to remove their tents by 5 p.m. would be considered trespass-ers, according to an Oct. 17 notice by Durham City Man-ager Thomas Bonfield. The protestors readily complied and removed approximately six tents by 5 p.m. from the premises but continued to inhabit the CCB Plaza.

“The original plan was to stage an encampment indefi-nitely, but at about 4 p.m. [Monday], we were told we had to remove our tents or the city would forcefully remove them for us by 5 p.m.,” said Jillian Johnson, Occupy Durham JAMES LEE/THE CHRONICLE

A group of approximately 75 protestors gathered in downtown Durham with the intention to camp out, but city officials disallowed it.SEE OCCUPY ON PAGE 7

The ChronicleTHE INDEPENDENT DAILY AT DUKE UNIVERSITY

TUESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2011 ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTH YEAR, ISSUE 37WWW.DUKECHRONICLE.COM

Archivist Archivist discusses S. African discusses S. African history, history, Page 4Page 4

Capra picks Capra picks Duke over Duke over

going pro, going pro, Page 9Page 9

ONTHERECORD“You read newspapers, but paper was introduced to Europeans by Arabians.”

—Historian Richard Bulliet on Islamic contributions. See story page 3

2 | TUESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2011 THE CHRONICLE

Check out this NEW summer

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WASHINGTON, D.C. — Iran’s nuclear program, which stumbled badly after a reported cyber attack last year, appears beset by poorly performing equipment, shortages of parts and other woes as glob-al sanctions exert a mounting toll, Western diplomats and nuclear experts say.

TORI POWERS/THE CHRONICLE

Professor Erika Weinthal of the Nicholas School speaks at a panel on the human fallout of climate change. The panel followed a screening of the acclaimed documentary, ‘Climate Refugees.’

ISLAMABAD, Pakistan — Amid grow-ing American frustration with Pakistan’s handling of Islamist militancy, the gov-ernment here appears less willing than ever to challenge insurgent groups and more inclined to make peace with them.

Experts say Iran nuclear program beset by woes

Pakistan inclined to make peace, talk with Taliban

WASHINGTON, D.C. — Memorial bracelets have become a regular reminder that the country is at war. President Barack Obama wears one. Most soldiers wear them.

So do a lot of Marines. And that has turned into something of a problem.

The Marines have always been among the most persnickety when it comes to their uniforms and their appearance. Recently, the Marine Corps Times, which is not affiliated with the service, noticed that some commanders have been or-dering Marines to remove their “KIA bracelets,” which are meant to honor fallen service members.

The reason: The Marine Corps Uniform Regulations specifically prohibits the wearing of most jewelry.

Enforcement of that regulation has been spotty. But the article by the Marine Corps Times, which found plenty of Ma-rines who were told they could not have them, has caused an outcry.

Memorial bracelets raise outcry among Marines

64

“All in all, the chances of a collision seem unlikely, and it seems doomsday enthusiasts will be left waiting until 2012 for their next thrill of the mo-ment. Picturing it in my head, all I can imagine is all-around Mardi Gras-esque festivities and Ricky Martin on repeat.”

— From The Chronicle’s News Blogbigblog.dukechronicle.com

onthe web

Majors Fair 2011Bryan Center Schaefer Mall, 11a.m.-3p.m.

The fair will have displays and information from more than 80 major departments and

programs.

Student Loan RepaymentSearle Center Conference Room E,

12:30-1:30p.m. The seminar provides an overview of the recent changes in federal regulations im-pacting student loan repayment and loan

forgiveness.

SpeakWISERBryan Center Plaza, 3-5p.m.

To promote WISERweek’s focus on girls’ edu-cation in Kenya, the event will provide music,

spoken word and Kenyan food.

scheduleat Duke...

We dare not trust our wit for making our house pleasant to our friend, so we buy ice cream.

— Ralph Waldo Emerson

TODAY IN HISTORY1685: French king Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes.

oono the calendarAlaska Day

U.S.A.

National Flag DayChile

National Independence DayAzerbaijan

Persons DayCanada

Heliand ConsortEast Duke 201, 8-9:30p.m.

The Heliand Consort will perform works by Francis Poulenc, Jean Francaix, de Falla and

others.

THE CHRONICLE TUESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2011 | 3

Student Artists Needed Now!

Fall Arts Festival Deadline for Submissions:

Friday, Oct. 21We seek work by student artists to present in exhibition and

performance settings. All media forms accepted, including

painting, photography, sculpture, film, poetry, readings, dance -

individual and ensemble work, musical performances - soloists,

ensemble, orchestra, vocalists, choirs, bands, performance

installations, theater, happenings... YOU CREATE IT!

Full details:

arts.duke.edu

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VISUAL I MUSIC I DANCE I THEATER I FILM I CREATIVE WRITINGSponsored by the Office of the Vice Provost for the Arts, Duke Alumni Association, Duke Career Center and Duke University Union Visual Arts Committee

Bulliet illuminates Islamic contributions

JOSH STILLMAN/THE CHRONICLE

Richard Bulliet, professor of history at Columbia, speaks in the Social Sciences Building Monday.

by Yueran ZhangTHE CHRONICLE

Western society should value the con-nections and similarities it has to Islamic society instead of approaching it with hos-tility, said Richard Bulliet, professor of his-tory at Columbia University.

Bulliet challenged the belief that there is a boundary between Christian and Islam-ic cultures at a forum Monday titled “The Case for Islamo-Christian Civilization.” The forum was sponsored by the Duke Islamic Studies Center and the Duke University Middle East Studies Center. In his speech, Bulliet emphasized that Western cultures have benefited from extensive cultural ex-changes throughout history.

“When you get up, you brush your teeth, but the tooth brush was invented by Arabi-ans,” Bulliet said. “You have breakfast, but it was Arabians who invented orange juice. You read newspapers, but paper was intro-duced to Europeans by Arabians.”

Bulliet, who specializes in Islamic his-tory, published a book in 2004—also titled “The Case for Islamo-Christian Civilization”—in which he analyzes the comparative cultures. He said he had hoped his concept would spread, but an unfavorable recent history between West-ern and Islamic cultures—most impor-tantly 9/11—has prevented its popularity.

SEE BULLIET ON PAGE 8

NC 751 to add warningsigns following accidents

by Yeshwanth KandimallaTHE CHRONICLE

A sometimes fatal stretch of N.C. 751 may soon become a little safer.

In a memo Oct. 14, the North Caro-lina Department of Transportation rec-ommended additional road safety mea-sures, including additional signage, be placed along a section of N.C. 751 nearby Duke’s campus. Known locally as Academy Road, the road winds into a particularly sharp curve. The curve is located approximately 200 feet south of the intersection of Academy Road and Duke University Road, according to a report filed by Kelly Becker, a regional traffic engineer for the NCDOT.

It has been recommended that the NCDOT replace the chevron sign in-side of the curve and add two new chev-ron signs on the outside of the curve. The existing curve warning sign on southbound N.C. 751 should be moved further north of the curve to alert driv-ers sooner. It was also recommended that a second warning sign be placed along the northbound side of the road and an object marker be added to the 35-mph speed limit sign near the in-tersection of N.C. 751 and Cranford Road, according to the report.

The curve in question has been the site of three fatal accidents since 1992, Becker said. The most recent occurred Sept. 15 when senior Matthew Grape, a passenger in the car, was killed af-ter the vehicle went off the road and crashed into a tree. The vehicle was

traveling along the road at 65 mph, ac-cording a Durham Police Department incident report.

The NCDOT recommendations fol-lowed an investigation of the site after the accident Sept. 15, Becker noted.

Two prior accidents, one in 1992 and the other in 1997, occurred along the curve and resulted in four deaths. The vehicles were traveling at 85 mph and 80 mph respectively, Becker said. All three accidents involved impaired driving.

“The speed had a lot to do with those crashes,” Becker said. “The curve can be handled well if you’re going the speed limit. The excessive speeds in collaboration with the impaired driv-ing made it dangerous.”

Five non-fatal accidents also oc-curred at the curve between August 2006 and July 2011, Becker noted. Only one of the five resulted in injuries to the passenger.

Although plans are not definite, the recommendations could be imple-mented in the next two to four weeks, Becker said. Duke officials will likely not be notified of the additional sig-nage since the area is located off cam-pus.

The report also requested that the Governor’s Highway Safety Program within the NCDOT work with DPD to reduce impaired driving and chronic speeding.

SEE SIGNS ON PAGE 8

4 | TUESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2011 THE CHRONICLE

CHELSEA PIERONI/THE CHRONICLE

An attendee enjoys sweet corn and lemonade at the annual North Carolina State Fair. The fair, which began last Thursday, runs through Sunday, Oct. 23.

Chowing downArchivist notes importance of South African history

by Jack MercolaTHE CHRONICLE

Recording the past should primar-ily serve to question the present and look into the future, archivist Verne Harris said.

Harris, head of the Memory Pro-gramme at the Nelson Mandela Founda-tion’s Centre of Memory and Dialogue, spoke to approximately 30 people in the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book and Manuscript Library Monday eve-ning. Sponsored by Duke Libraries and the John Hope Franklin Humanities Institute, the event focused on what ar-chiving has done for the wounded since apartheid in South Africa and what archiving can do for equality in the future. Harris previously served as the director of the South African History Archive, an independent human rights nongovernmental organization.

“The discourses of modernity too readily assume that constructions of the past are about learning from the mistakes of that past,” Harris said. “So-cieties, and individuals possibly as well, very much learn not from the past but from the future—what we perceive to be the future opening for us, what we experience as our participation in the making of that future.”

Harris said the function of the Mem-ory Programme is to properly docu-ment and secure all relevant histori-cal information in South Africa and, most importantly, make it accessible to South Africa’s people. This will allow

South Africans to preserve the memory of Nelson Mandela, the first South Af-rican president elected in a full demo-cratic election, Harris added.

South Africa still has a lot of healing to do from the damage of apartheid and its aftermath, he noted.

“South Africa, by most measures, re-mains one of the most unequal societies on earth,” Harris said. “Liberation has

SAMANTHA SCHAFRANK/THE CHRONICLE

Verne Harris, an archivist specializing in South African history, speaks Monday in Perkins Library.

SEE HARRIS ON PAGE 6

THE CHRONICLE TUESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2011 | 5

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Control of domain names critical for 2012 election

Officials considered cyber attack on Gadhafi’s defenses

by T.W. Farnam and Philip RuckerTHE WASHINGTON POST

On Sept. 2, with Texas Gov. Rick Perry surging in the polls, someone purchased the Web addresses stickittorick.com, rick-perrynot.com and buryperry.com.

That day, Mitt Romney’s campaign spent $2,851 buying the rights to various domain names at GoDaddy.com, the vendor that sold the Perry domains.

You might assume it was the Romney campaign that scooped up the anti-Perry Web addresses with hopes of launching sites attacking Romney’s chief rival for the 2012 Republican presidential nomination.

Not so, says the Romney campaign.Such is the latest mystery of Campaign

2012.The mystery is tough to unravel, because

whoever bought the addresses hid his or her identity behind Domains by Proxy, a third-party company frequently used to shield the owners of Web addresses.

The same company was used to register mittromney.com. But a Romney spokes-man said that the campaign does not own the Perry domains in question. The cam-paign would not say which domains it bought Sept. 2.

The recent transactions open a window onto the often secretive online underworld of presidential politics. Along with knock-ing on doors and airing television spots, campaigns try to blanket their messages—pro and con—across the Internet, which has a whole set of rules and tricks.

A Washington Post analysis of federal campaign spending reports shows that

President Barack Obama and Romney spent thousands of dollars this summer at GoDaddy.com.

Obama's campaign and the Democrat-ic National Committee reported spend-ing a combined $8,065 at GoDaddy.com this year, and Romney’s campaign report-ed spending $12,097 on domains. (Of that, Romney’s campaign spent $9,061 buying domains previously owned by his Free & Strong America PAC, since the names cannot be transferred.) Rep. Ron Paul, R-Texas, reported spending $208 with companies that sell domains, and former Minnesota Gov. Tim Pawlenty, who dropped out of the race in August, reported spending $668.

The Perry campaign said it had not bought many domains—it reported no such expenditures in its campaign finance report filed last week.

“The public is more interested in how the candidates can create jobs and improve the economy, not how many domain names you can rack up,” Perry spokesman Mark Miner said. “We’re not running for student body council here. This is for president of the United States.”

But Perry’s opponents and other par-ties are buying up domains about Perry. In most cases, the addresses have not been put to use and lead to empty Web pages.

In several instances, anti-Perry domains were bought on the same dates that the Romney or Obama campaigns reported making transactions at GoDaddy.com, ac-cording to an analysis of online domain-registration records. SEE GADHAFI ON PAGE 6

by Ellen NakashimaTHE WASHINGTON POST

WASHINGTON, D.C. — Top Pen-tagon officials considered using their secretive arsenal of cyber weapons to disrupt Libya’s air defenses before de-ciding that bombs would be the better option for preparing the way for U.S.-led coalition airstrikes.

The debate, which officials said did not reach the White House, was abort-ed when it became clear that there was not enough time for a cyber attack to work. Libyan government forces, led by Moammar Gadhafi, were at the time close to overrunning Benghazi, a rebel stronghold where U.S. officials feared genocide might occur without fast in-tervention, said current and former of-ficials who spoke on the condition of anonymity to describe sensitive policy discussions.

“We just ran out of time,” a former military official said. “It was overcome by events.”

That the cyber option was raised at all underscores the U.S. military's grow-ing capabilities in cyber warfare and the appeal of such weapons as alterna-tives to conventional military options. But the debate also showed some of the practical limits on using computer code as a weapon.

U.S. officials have never publicly disclosed the cyber weapons at their disposal, though the military last year established the U.S. Cyber Command, based in suburban Fort Meade, Md.,

to coordinate the military use of cyber-space, including potential offensive op-erations.

A cyber attack against Libya, said sev-eral current and former U.S. officials, could have disrupted Libya’s air defens-es but not destroyed them. For that job, conventional weapons were faster, and more potent.

Had the debate gone forward, there also would have been the question of collateral damage. Damaging air de-fense systems might have, for example, required interrupting power sources, raising the prospect of the cyber weap-on accidently infecting other systems reliant on electricity, such as those in hospitals.

There was also the possibility of any damage inflicted by a cyber weapon being temporary, allowing the Libyan government to potentially restore its air defenses quickly. The debate over whether to mount a U.S. cyber attack on Libya was first reported by the New York Times on its website Monday.

“Cyber is just going to destroy or dis-able a component,” a former U.S. offi-cial said. “It’s not going to blow some-thing up on the rails.”

A U.S.-led coalition, operating under United Nations authority, began strikes against Libyan air defenses and troop formations on March 19. The campaign, called Operation Odyssey Dawn, was com-manded by the U.S. Africa Command,

6 | TUESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2011 THE CHRONICLE

Theological Schools DayWednesday, October 19, 2011

1:00-4:00pmSchafer Mall - Bryan Center Upper Level

Seminary alumni panel discussion with students and admissions representatives

11:15am - 12:30pmBryan Center,Upper Level, Meeting Room A

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amendment would mean that marriage between a man and a woman is the only domestic legal union that will be recognized in North Carolina.

“My partner and I did a symbolic sign-up at the do-mestic partnership registrar on March 3, 2011—the 100th anniversary of Carrboro. We were so outraged at the marriage amendment that had come up for the first time in North Carolina,” said panelist Lydia Lavelle, for-mer president of N.C. Association of Women Attorneys and assistant professor of law at North Carolina Central University School of Law.

Sen. Ellie Kinnaird, D-N.C., said she was proud that North Carolina was one of the few states without a mar-riage amendment. She attributed the recent amend-ment to the Republican-majority N.C. House of Repre-sentatives. Kinnaird, who represents Orange and Person counties, described the amendment as a continuation

of past unequal legislation supported by the state legis-lature, such as the execution of the mentally incompe-tent and the “separate but equal” doctrine.

“We were wrong on imposing the death penalty and on segregation,” Kinnaird said. “I am hoping we will find eventually that [our law provides] an equal protection.... Wouldn’t it be great to be right for once?”

Sharon Thompson, attorney and former legislator in the N.C. House of Representatives, described the ramifi-cations of the bill.

“The effects on my clients would be devastating,” she said, referring to her LGBT clientele. “It would erase all the legal protection we now have and leave them with not much of anything.”

Nicole Walley Baker, lab analyst at the Duke Center for Human Genome Variation, said the panel was pri-marily an advocation for defeating the bill.

“All the panelists feel personally invested—I don’t know anyone in the audience who supports the bill,” she said.

Thompson noted, however, that the potential harm of the marriage amendment could extend beyond the rights and potential benefits of gay couples.

“Opposite sex [couples] are going to lose domes-tic violence protection, child care benefits [and] do-mestic trust,” Thompson said. “It invites more family challenges if we leave the [legal] door open. There will be no legal rights to call into legal question what you can and cannot do.”

Haley Warden, president of OUTLaw and second-year law student, commented on the change the amendment poses to the state’s legal environment.

“Domestic legal union is a stranger to all of the jurisprudence in North Carolina,” Warden said. “It creates a lot of uncertainty that makes this amend-ment concerning. [Furthermore,] the language of the amendment is too overreaching—it hits too many people.”

Warden compared the current legal battle to previ-ous anti-miscegenation laws, which banned interracial marriage.

“Oddly, we are about as we were with the miscegena-tion laws,” Warden said. “We have to overcome two hur-dles—to prove that being gay is immutable and to insist on equal protection of law.”

Kinnaird said she is not optimistic about the possibil-ity of defeating the amendment because of strong inter-est groups for the bill.

“I am afraid it is going to pass,” Kinnaird said. “The far-right churches are going to be very organized.”

But Thompson said coalitions including churches, social workers and LGBT groups are laying out strate-gies against the passing of the referendum,

“Millions of dollars are going to be spent on both sides—it’s going to get crazy,” she said.

AMENDMENT from page 1

reached too small a population of South Africans.”Harris mentioned Mandela’s permanent retirement

and weakening physical condition, emphasizing the urgency of preserving the memory of Mandela in con-structing a future for South Africa.

“How do we learn to live without Nelson Mandela?” Harris said at the event.

Harris said this is a question that has not yet been answered. He spoke about the role of archiving and the Memory Programme in encouraging thoughtful dialogue rather than producing concrete answers to present problems.

Mandela requested that the Memory Programme not depend on him, Harris said, adding that Mandela asked not to be protected or sanctified by the archives.

“People feel that [Mandela] is already gone,” Harris said. “If we look to the future, the past will look after itself.”

Harris’ notion of a folded timeline through archiving struck a chord with Ariel Dorfman, distinguished pro-fessor of literature at Duke.

“We are privileged to have an extraordinary library here at Duke,” Dorfman said. “Those who do not know the past well are not only condemned to repeat the mis-takes of the past, but they will not befriend it. To be-friend the past, in some sense, is to create the future.”

Jennifer Thompson, research services and collec-tion development librarian at the John Hope Franklin Research Center, noted the variety between archives.

“No collection is the same. You have to treat them differently and with different care,” Thompson said, adding that the diversity of archives primarily facili-tates informed decision-making for the future.

Dorfman said the need to preserve the past is an act of self-preservation.

“If past papers are dead,” he said, “the papers that we are writing now will be dead tomorrow.”

HARRIS from page 4

IRINA DANESCU/THE CHRONICLE

Sen. Ellie Kinnaird, D-N.C., who supports marriage equality for all citizens, speaks as part of a panel discussion Monday.

by a U.S. admiral aboard the USS Mount Whitney in the Mediterranean.

U.S. elements included sea-launched cruise missiles, B-2 stealth bombers, Harrier fighter planes and Growler jamming aircraft. France, Britain, Denmark and some other countries also participated. NATO took over com-mand of the operation on March 31.

Had the debate proceeded and a cyber option been cho-sen, the attack could have fallen to the U.S. Cyber Command.

The Obama administration avoided a confrontation with Congress over whether the airstrikes triggered the War Powers Act by ending its role in attacking Libyan ground forces in early April. The administration con-tended that ongoing U.S. strikes against Libyan air de-fenses did not constitute “hostilities” under the terms of the law.

The question of whether a cyber attack on Libya’s air de-fenses would trigger the War Powers Act was never discussed as the debate never advanced, the former official said.

In general, the U.S. government has been cautious in its deliberations over the use of cyber weapons, rec-ognizing that using them can reveal capabilities and set precedent that might encourage other nations.

GADHAFI from page 5

THE CHRONICLE TUESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2011 | 7

The results, published in the Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, showed that about 60 percent of the students who had reference to dangerous drinking on their Facebook pages were at risk for alcohol dependence and drinking related problems. One-fifth of these students said that they also had an alcohol-related injury during the previous year.

Thirty-eight percent of the students with references to non-dangerous alcohol use on their Facebook pages were at risk for alcohol dependence and only 23 percent of the students with no mention of alcohol on their pages were found to be at risk, according to the study.

In terms of incorporating the findings of the study into alcohol-dependence prevention at Duke, Szigethy said he does not believe that monitoring student Facebook ac-counts would be effective. Rather, the Student Wellness Center will continue to use social networking sites as ven-ues to increase awareness about alcohol-related issues.

“Our current prevention methods apply to this,” Szig-ethy said. “We also use social media as a tool to communi-cate with students and student groups. Furthermore, we often work with student groups when they use social media to organize events, especially when these events include risk-management tools.”

Gary Glass, assistant director for Outreach and Devel-opmental Programming at Counseling and Psychological Services, said the University should direct its resources to-ward establishing dialogue with students about their alco-hol dependence.

“My work isn’t about telling students not to drink,” Glass said. “Rather, it is to heighten their curiosity about what makes them drink so much. If drinking is part of their identity, then how much do they want to have their identity tied with alcohol?”

In her study, Moreno advised resident assistants to mon-itor their residents’ Facebook pages because of their pre-established relationship.

Moreno could not be reached for comment.Junior Seung-Yen Park, an RA in Aycock residence hall,

said her first priority as an RA is to ensure the physical and mental safety of her residents. She said she does not think, however, that RAs should monitor their residents’ Facebook pages.

“I feel that such close monitoring is not the best method of addressing alcohol culture at Duke,” Park said. “Rather, RAs should focus on programming that highlight issues of such abuse and on investing time in getting to know our residents so that we can quickly discern a pattern of behav-ior that deviates from the norm.”

Facebook monitoring is also a potential invasion of stu-dent privacy, Park added.

A more effective method of using Facebook to help potential high-risk students may be to raise awareness amongst students about this link between Facebook and potential alcohol dependence, Glass said.

“Students are naturally exposed to each other’s Face-book pages,” Glass said. “So then what are the ways that the administration can help students recognize when students should approach their peers regarding this entanglement with Facebook and alcohol abuse?”

FACEBOOK from page 1

group organizer and creator of its Facebook page. “Police were brought not as a police measure but to protect the city officials.”

Officials from the Durham Police Department noted that although the group was compliant, they were in viola-tion of a city ordinance. They also noted that many mem-bers of DPD were not fully aware of the situation and were simply following orders.

The organization, which serves to protest the wealth gap in the United States, had previously researched the legal ramifications of camping out in the square and de-termined that there were no laws prohibiting such activity, said Monica Ganguly, facilitator of Occupy Durham’s gen-eral assembly meeting held in the plaza Monday night.

City officials interfered because of a parks and recre-ation policy, not a law or ordinance, Ganguly added.

“They said they did not want to impede on our message but did not want to set a precedent,” she said. “That pretty much means they do not want to risk homeless people

camping out in the square or making it easier for political groups like us to protest.”

Approximately 15 members of the group camped out in the plaza Sunday night in tents, Occupy Durham mem-ber Gatlin Rowe said. A police officer drove by and asked the group to remove their tents. When the members of the group refused and questioned the officer’s reasoning, the police officer left the protestors alone, Rowe added.

“Throughout this situation and in general, we as a group strongly believe in non-violence and want our ac-tions to be peaceful,” Johnson said. “We are just looking for more clarity on what we can and can’t do.”

The group is beginning the process of applying for a permit but the procedure takes 15 days, Ganguly noted. Monday’s change in events may lead to a new location for the occupation.

Members of the organization went to the Durham City Council meeting Monday night to request placement on the agenda, Johnson added. They did not arrive in time to be added to the agenda, but they were invited to the floor to speak about the issue.

Occupy Durham protestor Summer Puente, Trinity ’11,

said the group was not successful in obtaining permission to camp out during the city council meeting. The group spoke with the city attorney following the meeting and will commu-nicate with officials about issuing a permit in the future.

The organization held a general assembly meeting Monday to evaluate the new circumstances, Johnson said. At the meeting, the group collectively debated whether or not they would, as a representative group, choose to sleep in the plaza despite being asked to take down their tents. Following three hours of debate, the members voted to continue the occupy the plaza during the day only—until further discussion.

“We don’t know whether or not we are going to be chal-lenging this policy,” Ganguly said. “We are a big group, and we have a lot of other issues to hash out, but we will not let this break our momentum.”

James Lee contributed reporting.

OCCUPY from page 1

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8 | TUESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2011 THE CHRONICLE

signifying the official start and end of recruitment, in order to eliminate post-recruitment hazing.

“The IFC recruitment team is going to be visiting every chapter’s rush events to make sure... that everything is going according to plan,” Forester said. “[That] includes putting a stop to progressives and other unsafe behavior.”

Clarybel Peguero, assistant dean of fraternity and sorority life, was not available for comment as of Monday night.

Despite promises of greater safety, not all prospective fra-ternity members are excited by the changes.

“I don’t think people rushing will get a feel of what each frat is really like, because people will probably act differently when there are officers around,” freshman Jackson Scharf said. “Someone could end up in a frat that parties harder than they expected because their rush was toned down.”

Changes to the fraternity recruitment process are familiar to Dean of Students Sue Wasiolek, who said she has seen such re-forms every three to five years in her time as an administrator.

“[Fraternities] get some feedback, and then they regroup and try to make it better the following year,” Wasiolek said. “[The changes are] more of a recognition on the part of the frats that there is something about their recruitment process that maybe is dissuading the young men from even going through it.”

The IFC recruitment team collaborated with Vice Presi-dent for Student Affairs Larry Moneta and Airall in writing its proposal.

“It’s a partnership,” Wasiolek said. The exact schedule of recruitment rounds has yet to be re-

leased in order to give fraternities more time to plan events, Forester said. He hopes beginning recruitment two days be-fore the start of second semester will make the process more professional.

Airall said beginning recruitment before the start of the semester allow students to focus on events without the added stress of academics.

“They wanted to have a time where people could start some of the recruitment process and everybody is free and the classes have not actually started,” she said.

IFC from page 1

He noted that the Jewish-Christian connection is widely recognized because of the relationship between the Unit-ed States and Israel.

“When I read his manuscript of ‘The Case for Islamo-Christian Civilization,’ I predicted that the term would be a household word soon, but unfortunately my prediction proves to be wrong,” said introductory speaker Bruce Law-rence, Nancy and Jeffrey Marcus professor emeritus of re-ligion at Duke.

Geographically, Christian and Islamic cultures have mixed together throughout history, Bulliet said. Before the Renaissance, there was a period of time when the number of Christians living in Muslim regions in North Africa was more than those living in Europe. Although Renaissance Europe and the Middle East became more divergent, Bulliet said the divergence should not be a reason for scholars to ignore the continued cultural overlap between the two.

“It is difficult to accept Muslims as part of our country and to accept Muslims in general as part of the civilization we belong to,” he said.

By putting forward his Islamo-Christian concept, Bulli-et challenged what he called a widely believed theory that cultures around the world tend to clash. Bulliet pointed out that instead of clashing, it is possible for different cul-tures to be compatible and communicate. He added that the stereotype of opposition between the Western world and the Islamic world makes communication difficult.

“People tend to regard the totalitarianism and ex-tremism happening in some Middle Eastern countries as rooted in the culture itself,” Bulliet said. “But if [the U.S.] government imposed religious monopoly and prohibited freedom of speech, and our people felt it was impossible to protect their rights in a peaceful way, Americans would also turn to extremism.”

He noted that it is the political landscape—not Islamic culture—that causes terrorism, which contributes to the cultural conflict between Western and Islamic societies. But since the recent revolutions in the Middle East, Ameri-cans are becoming more understanding of Middle Eastern cultures, he added. The Arab world cannot gain democ-racy and freedom overnight, he said, but it is starting to pursue the same goals that Americans want to achieve.

“It is the first time Americans realize Muslims want the things they want and the things they have,” Bulliet said.

Jamie Brummitt, a second-year master’s candidate in religion, said she was impressed by the broad knowledge Bulliet showed when addressing this complex issue.

“I’m really convinced by him,” Brummitt said. “We should be more open-minded and rethink how those two sets of cultures are interrelated.”

SherAli Tareen, a seventh-year Ph.D. candidate in Is-lamic studies, said Bulliet has a distinctly interdisciplinary and comparative perspective.

“He synthesizes history, archeology, political science, so-ciology and so many subjects together,” Tareen said. “Bul-liet makes a great example for scholars to use understand-able language to address a mass audience.”

BULLIET from page 3

Because the recommendations were only recently is-sued, safety program officials will need additional time to evaluate them and develop specific initiatives in con-junction with Durham Police, said Steve Abbott, a com-munications officer for the NCDOT. Officials may also coordinate with Duke administrators given that most recent accident involved Duke students.

“Each situation is different,” Abbott said. “There might be a grant to help with a particular program. We always want to work with law enforcement and perhaps the University.”

DPD has had a well-established relationship with the highway safety program, DPD Public Information Officer Kammie Michael said. Officers, for example, participate in the statewide “Booze It and Lose It” and “Click It or Ticket” campaigns.

“Durham police officers focus on speed enforce-ment in addition to the [driving while impaired] and seatbelt campaigns,” Michael wrote in an email Mon-day. “[The recommended programs] would target any-one who is violating the impaired driving laws.”

SIGNS from page 3

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SportsThe Chronicle

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TUESDAYOctober 18, 2011

BLUE ZONE

Our weekly roundup of Blue Devil basketball recruiting as the season begins.

Grading Duke’s performance in Saturday’s game against Florida State.

Finding theright leaderon the court

It’s that time of the year again.You know, that awkward two-week period between

Countdown to Craziness and the first exhibition game of the new basketball season. I imagine the feeling would be similar to a 16-year-old being given a new car and driving around town to show all his friends—

only to have his parents tell him that the car needs a little tweak and he can have it back in two weeks.

Throughout the day Friday the new car effect was in full force all over campus. Krzyzews-kiville came alive with students decked out in their blue and

white, line monitors hustled and bustled through the crowd and the basketball jersey made a sudden grand return to Durham fashion circles. Even Duke’s resident living legend, head coach Mike Krzyzewski, acknowledged the feeling when he spoke at halftime of the Blue-White scrimmage.

“It’s our 32nd year,” Krzyzewski said, “and it feels new all over again.”

But this time around, new means something more than just a new calendar year, new schedule and a sprinkle of new talent. This year, new means some-thing closer to its Webster’s definition: unfamiliar, un-seen, unchartered, and most of all, unproven.

While the 2011 edition of the Blue Devils certainly displayed many bright spots Friday night—namely a stellar performance by Seth Curry and an epic Plum-lee vs. Plumlee dunk-off—the squad will certainly need tweaking over the next several weeks.

If the past is any indication, the tweaking may last even longer. Krzyzewski, Duke’s master tinkerer, has shown that he is willing to make adjustments deep into the ACC schedule, and even the NCAA tourna-ment if necessary. With the plethora of new faces and questions facing this team, he might need all of that time to find the right formula.

Ultimately, the biggest difference between this Blue Devil squad and the previous four is the lack of a proven, go-to leader on the floor—that heart-and-soul player that carries the team during its

WOMEN’S TENNIS

Capra passes on pros for Duke

Men’s tennis had three of four semifinalists in singles and the winning doubles team at the ITA 2011 Carolinas Regional tournament. PAGE 10

UNC COMES TO CAMERONVolleyball puts its 18-game ACC home win streak on the line in a midweek matchup with North Carolina at 6 p.m.

MENGEL, CUNHA ROLL AT ITAYESTERDAYwhat’sgoingon

TOMORROW

by Maureen DolanTHE CHRONICLE

There are few athletes that possess the potential to play their sport professionally, and not many of them turn down the big leagues to come to college. Even fewer seek higher education when they’ve already beaten two of the world’s top 100 women’s tennis players. And only one has chosen to attend university after playing in the quarterfinals of the U.S. Open.

That unique individual is Beatrice Capra, the highest-ranked player ever to choose collegiate tennis over the professional circuit. That unprecedented decision makes Capra Duke’s new tennis superstar.

Capra began playing tennis when she was eight years old, won her first national tournament six years later and has played on a professional tennis track ever since. In 2010, though, her professional prospects were still uncer-tain, as she lost at the U.S. Junior National Tournament. She was preparing to take a few weeks off when she re-ceived a phone call from the United States Tennis Asso-ciation, inviting her to play in a small tournament with a big prize. She did not expect to take home this prize, planning instead to use the tournament as a warm-up for the junior U.S. Open. But she blitzed through the field, and claimed that significant award—a berth at one of the world’s biggest tennis events, the U.S. Open.

The victory in the wild-card qualifier threw her into the national spotlight, but the Maryland native never thought she would have so much success so quickly. Capra had played well at the junior level, but she had yet to prove herself against professional competition. That all changed at the 2010 U.S. Open.

Even one victory was unlikely, but Capra prevailed in the first round, crushing 2004 Wimbledon quarterfinalist Karolina Sprem in straight sets.

“After winning that first round, it gave me confidence knowing that I could compete with all these players,” Capra said. “The whole crowd was for me. It was just really exciting and it really pulled me up.”

Then, she won her second match, trumping eigh-

teenth seed Aravane Rezaï to complete her improbably ascent to the quarterfinals against former world No. 1 Maria Sharapova.

Capra, just 18 years old and ranked 371st in world standings, was suddenly the center of attention. The tennis world had been abuzz over the success of Ameri-can teenager Melanie Oudin, who had skipped college to turn pro, and defeated Sharapova in the second round of the 2009 U.S. Open en route to the quarter-finals. But Oudin had failed to maintain that success, and tennis fans around the nation were ready for an-other teen idol. With Oudin already out of the 2010 field, Capra fit the bill.

“I remember after winning that [second] match, I went to bed that night and thought, ‘Oh my gosh, is this a dream?’” Capra said. “After that, I was on ESPN, and I got all these interviews. It really didn’t seem like real life at all.”

But the quarterfinals were to be the end of Capra’s Cinderella story. Facing one of her own tennis idols in Sharapova proved too intimidating for Capra, and she fell to the Russian 6-0, 6-0.

“I’ll never forget that moment, walking out onto [the court at] Arthur Ashe [Stadium],” Capra said. “I wish I could have done better, but it was amazing.”

Her magical run earned her $225,000, but instead of becoming winnings, the cash turned into the most prize money to be turned down in tennis history. Capra refused the money so she could retain her amateur status.

After doing so well under such a national spotlight, the pressures of proving herself didn’t permit Capra another chance to shine at the U.S. Open. Prior to this year’s Open, she fell in the finals of the wild card tournament to 16-year-old Mackenzie Keys.

In fear of becoming “burnt out” from the profes-sional circuit after starting at such a young age, Capra is excited to play in the structure of college tennis and

CHRIS DALL/THE CHRONICLE

Beatrice Capra advanced out of the wild card qualifying rounds to the quarterfinals of the 2010 U.S. Open before falling to Maria Sharapova.

SEE CAPRA ON PAGE 11

RyanClaxton

SEE CLAXTON ON PAGE 12

10 | TUESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2011 THE CHRONICLE

MEN’S TENNIS

Duke rolls through ITA Carolina Regionals

by Gaurav BhatTHE CHRONICLE

In one of the premier tournaments of the fall season, Duke proved it is one of the most dangerous squads in the country.

Sophomore Chris Mengel and junior Henrique Cunha led the charge, winning the doubles bracket and meeting up in the singles final at the ITA-Carolinas Re-gional this past week in Chapel Hill.

“[The team] had a disappointing ITA-All Ameri-can tournament,” head coach Ramsey Smith said. “On the first day of practice this week, we sat down and stressed the importance of finishing the fall sea-son strong.”

Mengel took the message to heart, winning the big-gest tournament of his Duke career. Entering the tour-nament as the No. 3 seed, he breezed to the semifinals without losing a set. Then, facing senior teammate Tor-sten Wiestoka, the two battled for three sets before Men-gel prevailed 3-6, 6-2, 6-1.

On the other side of the singles bracket, No. 1 seed Cunha moved quickly to the quarterfinals be-fore facing No. 9 seed Danny Kreyman of Wake For-est, where he showcased his extensive match experi-ence to recover from a first-set defeat 4-6, 6-4, 6-1. Cunha’s match against Mengel in the final was cut short when the junior retired after losing the first set 7-6(8), battling shoulder issues.

“[Cunha] is batting a shoulder injury, but I don’t foreshadow it being anything serious,” Smith said. “The medical staff will provide treatment and he should be able to play in [the ITA National Indoor champion-ships Nov. 3-6].”

In doubles, Cunha and Mengel found their first suc-cess as a doubles team, capturing their first tournament title together. The two joined up after Cunha’s former partner Reid Carleton graduated last spring. After de-feating the No. 2 seeded pairing of Brennan Boyajian and Joey Burkhardt of North Carolina 9-8(6) in the fi-nals, the two appear to be gaining traction.

“After getting a few wins under their belt early in the tournament, they began to play their best tennis of the season,” Smith said.

Still, the performances of Mengel and Cunha were not the only strong showings from the Blue Devils. In singles competition, sophomore Fred Saba and senior Torsten Weistoka joined Cunha and Mengel in the quarterfinals. The duo of senior David Hol-land and freshman Jason Tahir also made a run to the quarterfinals.

“We couldn’t have finished any better,” Smith said. “This week is going to give us a lot of confidence and momentum going forward.”

PRITAM MATHIVANAN/THE CHRONICLE

Henrique Cunha and Chris Mengel won their first tournament as a doubles team, beating Tar Heels Brennan Boyajian and Joey Burkhardt 9-8(6).

Cunha and Mengel win doubles, meet in singles fi nal

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with a consistent coaching staff.“When you’re on the pro tour, you

can just keep going tournament after tournament and all the matches are go-ing to be tough, so you can lose in the first round,” Capra said. “Whereas in col-lege, you’ll be playing every week against a different team and you’re guaranteed matches. I think, with that respect, it’s just going to allow me to improve.”

Now the Blue Devils have an interna-tional tennis star.

As it turns out, Duke was the only school she ever considered attending. She was introduced to the campus when head coach Jamie Ashworth of-fered up the Sheffield Indoor Tennis Center to the U.S. National team for practice when the team was visiting the area for a tournament.

“Ever since then, I’ve just loved the school,” Capra said. “Duke has always been my top choice. Over the years I kept in contact with Jamie and he’s been so supportive of me. I really think he wants the best for me and he understands my goals. He and [assistant coach] Mark [Spicijaric] and the team—they’re the reason I came here.”

After forsaking the money and fame of turning professional, Capra hopes to set a precedent for future incoming class-es of tennis players.

“A lot of the girls think it’s a choice: you either have to go pro or you have to go to college, but you can’t do both,” Capra said. “I think to be able to have an education as well as being a profes-sional athlete is so much better…. I’m trying to start a new trend saying you can come to college and you still ac-complish your goals.”

CAPRA from page 9 fromstaffreports

CHRIS DALL/THE CHRONICLE

Capra turned down $225,000 in U.S. Open winnings to maintain her amateur status to play at Duke.

Men’s lacrosse to play Syracuse in Big City Classic

Duke will play Syracuse for the second-straight year in the Big City Classic at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, N.J, Inside Lacrosse publisher Bob Carpenter said Monday.

The game will take place Apr. 1, 2012, at 4 p.m. Notre Dame faces St. John’s in the event’s opener at 1 p.m., and North Carolina takes on Johns Hopkins in the 7 p.m. nightcap.

The Orangemen lead the all-time regular season series with the Blue Devils 3-1, including a 13-11 win in last season’s Big City Classic.

Helfet named to Mackey Award midseason watch list

Blue Devil Cooper Helfet was named to the 2011 John Mackey Award midseason watch list Monday, given annually to the top tight end in the nation.

The senior has 20 receptions for 205 yards and two touchdowns this season, and was an honorable mention All-ACC pick last year.

Helfet originally enrolled at Johns Hopkins in 2007 on a lacrosse scholar-ship. He quickly transferred to Santa Rosa (Calif.) Junior College, where he played two football seasons before arriv-ing at Duke.

Three other ACC tight ends—Clem-son’s Dwayne Allen, N.C. State’s George Bryan, and Maryland’s Matt Furstenberg—were also named to the list. Semifinalists for the award will be announced Nov. 14, followed by the finalists on Nov. 21.

THE CHRONICLE TUESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2011 | 13

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Duke prides itself on its mul-tifarious and widely popular in-ternational opportunities, and two of its newest offerings that of-fer study abroad options—Duke Immerse and Duke INtense Global—prom-ise to exceed the already lofty standard set by programs like DukeEngage. Providing stu-dents with a comprehensive and highly focused academic and cultural experience unlike any currently in existence, both programs embark on a forward thinking pedagogical experi-ment that rightly emphasizes depth over breadth.

DIG, which began this Fall and offers programs in Russia and India, combines multidis-ciplinary coursework, civic en-gagement and language train-ing in an extended, in-depth

exploration of the language and culture of a particular country. The program allows highly mo-tivated students to apply infor-mation learned in the classroom to a long-term international

e x p e r i e n c e . Slated to start in the Spring,

Duke Immerse—which, ironi-cally, seems less immersive than DIG—will center on a specifi c topic in international studies, integrating research and col-laboration with faculty mem-bers, specifi c coursework and an extended fi eld trip. Students participating in this year’s pro-gram will study “Black Freedom Struggles in the 20th Century” and will travel to South Af-rica for three weeks during the Spring semester.

The primary strength of both programs lies in the

depth of study they provide. By committing an entire semester to a particular topic, students in Duke Immerse will be able to tackle relevant issues from a number of different angles and develop a comprehensive understanding of the topic at hand. Additionally, Duke Im-merse’s travel component will allow students to reinforce and apply information gleaned from courses and faculty inter-actions in a real-world setting. DIG students, by spending more than a semester in Rus-sia or India, will not only gain an appreciation and intimate knowledge of the history and culture of these countries, but will hopefully be able to draw from their experiences to en-rich their educational experi-ence when back at Duke.

In assessing the quality of

these new academic opportu-nities, DukeEngage provides a useful point of comparison. Although DukeEngage has received much praise since its institution in 2007, some com-plain that the eight-week pro-gram provides only a one-off in-ternational excursion that fails to foster genuine cross-cultural understanding or promote long-lasting civic engagement. Both Duke Immerse and DIG offer longer and more integrat-ed international experiences, establishing a long-term com-mitment to a particular global issue or culture, and—if success-ful—should avoid becoming an isolated travel opportunity that ends when the plane touches back down in RDU.

Moreover, some have sug-gested that prerequisite courses relevant to specifi c DukeEn-

gage programs would improve the experience as a whole, and to that end, many DukeEngage programs now teach house courses. But Duke’s new study abroad opportunities success-fully integrate academic study with international immersion in a way that the DukeEngage’s structure does not allow and present an alternative, more comprehensive abroad option for students seeking intensive in-ternational and cultural study.

Although the long-term na-ture of both programs encour-ages committed participation and involvement, DIG and Duke Immerse should take cau-tion not to devolve into another sightseeing opportunity for rich American students. We feel that, given the comprehensiveness of both programs, devolution of this sort remains unlikely.

commentaries14 | TUESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2011 THE CHRONICLE

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Time to sweat a pipe

Int’l programs promise intense immersion

”“ onlinecomment

I know a lot of people who think Sanford is useless, but this story makes it seem like heaven on earth...

—“daughter” commenting on the story “Sanford School sees popularity growth since 2009.” See more at www.dukechronicle.com.

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E-mail: chronicleletters@duke.eduEditorial Page DepartmentThe ChronicleBox 90858, Durham, NC 27708Phone: (919) 684-2663Fax: (919) 684-4696

I’ve been thinking about pipelines a lot lately. Not so much about real ones, like the pro-posed Keystone XL pipeline (bringing zil-

lions of gallons of bituminous sludge within 12 inches of the Ogallala Aquifer—what could pos-sibly go wrong?), though those are, of course, fun to think about. Or about the product pipelines of certain businesses—though again, they’re also a lot of fun to think about, especially what Apple will do now that Steve Jobs is no longer Alpha Nerd.

I’ve actually been thinking about the education pipeline. In this pipeline, we supposedly stuff all our cute little kids in one end and get the Productive Citizens, Job Creators and Leaders of the Future out the other end, about 13 to 25 years later. That’s pretty amazing, when you think about it. This pipeline is somewhat magi-cal—what comes out the other end can change dramatically from what you put in it. Contrast that with a real, physical pipeline, which is doing well just to deliver all the stuff you put in it to the other end without, say, requiring the University of Nebraska to change its mascot name from the Cornhuskers to the Sludgestrainers. Even a phar-maceutical company can’t match what the educa-tion pipeline can do. For example, if Pfi zer puts the ingredients for Son of Viagra in one end, the only real question is what the side effects will be when it comes out on the other.

Lately, though, our educational pipeline seems like it hasn’t been delivering the magic for our society. Of course, at places like Duke, it still seems to be working very well—I’ve met many students who I’m glad will be running The Future, once they pry it from my cold, dead fi n-gers. But if you take a look around at the world beyond Duke, there are plenty of signs that the pipeline is not only leaky but that it’s failing at both ends.

For example, you may have seen the news re-ports lately that in the middle of the worst reces-sion in about three generations, lots of special-ized, skilled jobs are going unfi lled due to the lack of qualifi ed American applicants. And we’re not talking about the stuff on “Dirty Jobs” either—these are high-paying jobs that probably don’t involve touching guts, poop or radioactive stuff. But our pipeline hasn’t delivered enough people who can take these positions. How come?

This situation is a small example suggesting that our pipeline seems to spew out millions of people with a really, really low level of skill. We’re not just talking about people who can’t do engi-

neering—we’re talking about a lack of skills all the way down to the basic one of just showing up to work on time, or even at all. It’s getting to be a

legitimate question, unfortunately, that even if the government were to suddenly cough up $500 bil-lion in stimulus spending, whether there would be enough Americans willing and able to take advantage of any jobs created by it.

And then there are the prob-lems in the starting end. It would seem to be a good idea to stuff as many cute little kids as we can, as early as possible, into this magical

pipeline. Study after study seems to show that the potential for Cute Little Kids to turn into Pro-ductive Citizens, Job Creators and Leaders of the Future is heavily infl uenced by their life experi-ences before age 5. Because of this, many states have tried to create pipeline-stuffi ng programs that try to get children who are younger than 5 into preschools. But these programs are gener-ally the fi rst ones on the chopping block when governments need to conserve money.

For example, a pipeline-stuffi ng program that North Carolina has, called More at Four, is routinely on the list of programs to be cut. More at Four provides funds to send 4-year-old Cute Little Kids from low-income families to day care institutions that deliver an approved pre-kinder-garten curriculum. This year, the funding was not delivered by the state legislature until the end of August. Imagine how much fun that was for the parents of these children, who had to scramble for alternative care, or for the day care institutions, who faced bankruptcy-level fi nan-cial shortfalls if they had been foolish enough to try to participate in this pipeline. Why bother trying to operate the pipeline under these cir-cumstances?

So, even though the pipeline has done a pret-ty good job on all of you here at Duke, the truth is that it’s leaky and increasingly undependable. It’s going to be up to you to fi gure out how to pump a larger number of little kids into it, how to stop the leaks and how to improve the quality of what pours out the other end. I think these are going to be really diffi cult problems to solve—they are going to be deeply uncomfortable to face. But unless we mend our education pipeline soon, our economy won’t get the fuel it needs to keep growing.

Connel Fullenkamp is the director of undergraduate studies and professor of the practice of economics. His column runs every other Tuesday.

connel fullenkampleptokurtotic

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Sex life at Duke is hardly a secret. With the memories of the 2006 lacrosse case and the 2010 Karen Owen Power-

Point still fresh, the national spotlight is quick to cast its light on Duke as a spec-tacle of promiscuity and ir-responsible behavior. I was not a Duke student in 2006, so I cannot speak from per-sonal experience about the lacrosse case. However, as a sophomore here last year, I can say there was a visible campus response from the moment Owen’s “thesis” hit email listservs. From infor-mal conversations to formal dialogues, the scandal incited an obvious reaction—we were disturbed, and we showed it.

What continues to disturb me, though, is the near silence surrounding an aspect of our sex culture that is much more perva-sive, destructive and frightening. If national statistics hold true, every fourth woman on this campus is a victim of rape or attempted rape. We took the sensationalized story of Karen Owen’s PowerPoint as an impetus for dialogue. Somehow, though, we have remained silent about what appears to be a real pattern of gender violence that affects the daily lives of Duke students.

For me, it was all too easy to underrate the meaning of the “one in four” national statistic until those numbers became reali-ties in the lives of people I care about. After hearing their stories, I’ve been prompted to rethink the facts and statistics I wrote off when I felt confi dent that “it” would never happen to anyone close to me.

Some of the facts I fi nd most striking suggest a correlation between the rate of gender violence reporting and the tone of campus dialogue on the issue. In the spring of 2006, while the lacrosse case imposed an extraordinary taboo on any conversations regarding sexual assault, not one student visited the Women’s Center to report an incident. By the 2010-2011 school year, with programs like “Prevent Act Challenge Teach” (P.A.C.T.) demonstrating an effort to raise collective awareness on gender vio-lence, 108 students reported to the Center.

Though this increase is signifi cant, we need to recognize that this number does not come close to representing 25 percent of women on our campus, leaving us to question just how many assaults go com-pletely unreported. If the issue of gender violence is so pervasive—one in four—what explains the low rates of reporting, and why does campus dialogue infl uence these rates?

In my experience, talking openly and critically about gender violence necessarily breaks down the attitudes we sustain that

amount to a “culture of victim-blaming.” Victim-blaming responses to acts of sexual violence, like “she was too drunk,” “her

clothes were too slutty” or “she was asking for it,” en-gender the notion that when a woman is raped, she is at least partially responsible. They imply that, somehow, a violent crime committed against a woman can be jus-tifi ed by her behavior. Even when well-intentioned ef-forts focus on teaching girls “not to get themselves into those situations,” the fun-damental responsibility for

preventing gender violence is placed in the hands of female would-be victims.

Reevaluating these commonplace atti-tudes reveals just how dangerous they are.

Under no circumstances do a woman’s self-concerning decisions—such as what clothing to wear, how much to drink or what party to attend—invite acts of violence to be committed against her. We blame a rob-ber for robbing even if the house’s doors are unlocked; we blame a murderer for murdering even if the target was wandering alone at night. So why are we okay, when it comes to gender violence, to shift blame to the victim? If we don’t speak up to ac-knowledge and reform this victim-blaming culture, we will only continue to strengthen a power dynamic that allows for the dispro-portionate oppression of women.

This April, the Offi ce for Civil Rights, a branch of the U.S. Department of Educa-tion, released the 19-page “Dear Colleague” letter, detailing national policies and statis-tics related to sexual violence in education-al environments. The letter issued a specifi c charge to institutions of higher education to demonstrate a more proactive response to the startling statistics. I believe that we, at Duke, have a tremendous opportunity to take leadership in acting on that charge.

Programs through the Women’s Cen-ter and other campus organizations are developing tremendous frameworks for us to transform our culture of victim-blam-ing into a culture of communication and bystander intervention, but we need to complement these frameworks with open dialogue if we hope to see this transforma-tion. In the past, we’ve shown a willingness to rethink Duke’s sexual culture in a vo-cal and critical way once our name hits the national media—it shouldn’t take another celebrity-status exposé for us to apply a critical lens to the ingrained victim-blam-ing culture that we, as participants or by-standers, perpetuate.

Amanda Garfi nkel is a Trinity junior. Her column runs every other Tuesday.

commentariesTHE CHRONICLE TUESDAY, OCTOBER 18 | 15

Duke must join the Occupy Togeth-er movement as an academic in-stitution, employer and collection

of workers while explicitly standing with Durham and North Carolina.

Many have criticized Oc-cupy’s horizontal structure for being an indirect, unco-ordinated churning mess—this is what democracy looks like. Unions were hi-erarchical, well-organized, politically connected and very specifi c about their demands during the bipar-tisan deconstruction of workers’ rights and deterioration of the American man-ufacturing sector. In The Chronicle, the movement’s self-identifi cation—occupy, an impolite word historically function-ing as a coital euphemism—has been criticized. More shockingly, the article attacked the Southern poor while dis-regarding Occupy’s proliferation. No, most Southerners, like most Americans, may not understand derivative markets and have nothing fi nancially left to risk, but does this really delegitimize our de-mands for equality?

In my hometown I have seen mom and pop shops shut down by Walmart (ironically started as such in my state), the middle class get poor and the poor get poorer. I see good people unable to work with their hands—something most Duke students couldn’t do if their life depended on it. I see people die for a profi t-procuring medical system. The unemployed and working classes have never had agency in this political system; this must change. Occupy must empower the Lumpenproletariat and force recog-nition of solidarity among the middle classes.

“Why should I care,” says the stereo-typical i-banking Dukie. Most likely you don’t care about my type of folk (no, I reject the yuppie liberalism helping you sleep at night) but what about your fabled “Duke Degree” job sector: The banking industry will take another round of cuts to maintain the disproportionately infl at-ed average earnings; the medical system increasingly forces doctors into unethical relationships with hospital administra-tions (profi t maximization) and pharma-ceutical companies; engineering fi rms are going elsewhere; graduate students of all fi elds are facing increased costs and shrinking federal aid.

Being a Southern Socialist, at least from the tagline—I am not a 99 per-center, I am more of a 50 percent type of guy. I do not agree with everything said by Occupy protesters. That is their right and mine. Occupy needs to bring all people to the table. Whereas the Tea Party is a racist and plutocrat-funded knee jerk, Occupy respects—and des-perately needs more—color, workers and dissent. The Wall Street protest is greatly symbolic by holding ground zero of the American fi nancial collapse. Occupy should stand in international opposition to our collapsing oligarchy’s tendency to sacrifi ce the 99-99.9 per-cent while locally discussing what Duke can do to improve itself and all the lives that it touches—globally abstract and lo-cally nuanced. Occupy’s strength comes from its diversity.

America’s student loan debt now sur-passes credit card debt. Unlike mortgages, the bank can’t roll in and steal back your education—despite the public school sys-tem’s preemptive degradation—nor can you easily declare bankruptcy and watch loans melt away. Student loans get put

on forbearance during which time your debt balloons to unimaginable levels. It appears the only way to get out of this

type of debt is to stay im-poverished—which about 15.1 percent of Americans are, a statistic shockingly skewed along lines of ra-cial identifi cation. The moment you get out of poverty, that debt puts you back in.

Princeton became ar-guably the fi rst American university to opt for a no-loan fi nancial aid system

in 2001. This helped Princeton attract vital socioeconomic diversity and remove a hefty burden on its graduates, allowing real post-graduation options. Amherst, Columbia, Harvard, Yale and others fol-lowed suit. Smaller fi nancial aid systems, like Duke, removed loans for students coming from households below a fi nan-cial marker: Brown, $100,000, Cornell, $75,000, Stanford, $60,000 and Duke, $40,000. Dartmouth grants free tuition to students coming from families with incomes below $75,000. Like the no-loan grouping, Duke falls embarrassing be-hind in loan caps—another fi nancial aid mechanism used by expensive universi-ties for the appearance of equality. If you are lucky enough to stick around past your eighth semester like me (decided to get another major in English enabled by athletic eligibility) well, there’s no fi nan-cial aid for you beyond the Federal Pell Grants in Republicans’ sights (education hurts their base, I guess).

There are many reasons why I want an occupied Duke, but I must start with those that the majority of Duke students and employees can agree upon. Most stu-dents took out loans with the expectation of employment. That is no longer the eco-nomic reality. This is the reality that most Americans have woken up to for the past 30 years. It is sad it has taken this long for the privileged to care. Duke’s fi nancial aid must become transparent and modernize to properly respond to divorces and ter-minal illness. Duke must eliminate loans for lower and middle class students.

For employees, Duke should moni-tor and update its living wage and only require time-sensitive work to be done outside of traditional work hours. Union rights should be respected and real con-versation about faculty and athlete union-ization should occur. Duke must ethically and transparently invest in a sustainable future.

These discussions are long overdue. The Allen Building was taken before. This is our time. Occupy your mind. Occupy Duke.

Josh Brewer is a Trinity senior. His column runs every other Tuesday.

Breaking the silence on gender violence

Occupy Duke

josh brewersouthern socialism

amanda garfinkelthe devil doesn’t

wear prada

16 | TUESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2011 THE CHRONICLE

NASHER MUSEUM OF ART AT DUKE UNIVERSITY

Free Film: MnemosyneThursday, October 20 | 7PM A new film by celebrated British filmmaker and artist John Akomfrah about the experience of migrant labor in the United Kingdom, shown in conjunction with the exhibition Becoming: Photographs from the Wedge Collection. Co-sponsored by Duke’s Program in the Arts of the Moving Image.

Becoming: Photographs from the Wedge CollectionOn view through January 8, 2012

Artist Talk: John Akomfrah Thursday, October 27 | 7PM Meet British filmmaker and artist John Akomfrah. Co-sponsored by Duke’s Center for Documentary Studies, Franklin Humanities Institute and Master of Fine Arts in Experimental & Documentary Arts.

LEFT: Still from Mnemosyne

The Nasher Museum presents an exhibition featuring more than 100 original photographic portraits of people of color. Becoming is a series of portraits taken over the past 100 years by more than 60 global artists. In some portraits, the subjects have little or no control over the way they are depicted; in others, the subjects become increasingly involved with the photographer. All of the artists reject a common tendency to view black communities in terms of conflict or stereotype.

ABOVE: John Akomfrah

LEFT: Dawoud Bey, A Boy in front of the Lowes 125th Street Movie Theater, 1976. Carbon pigment print, 9.5 x 6.5 inches. Dr. Kenneth Montague/The Wedge Collection. © Dawoud Bey.

The exhibition is supported by Paula and Eugene Flood, the Graduate Liberal Studies program at Duke and Gail Belvett, DDS. Nasher Museum exhibitions and programs are generously supported by the Mary Duke Biddle Foundation, Mary D.B.T. Semans and the late James H. Semans, The Duke Endowment, the Nancy Hanks Endowment, the K. Brantley and Maxine E. Watson Endowment Fund, the James Hustead Semans Memorial Fund, the Marilyn M. Arthur Fund, the Victor and Lenore Behar Endowment Fund, the George W. and Viola Mitchell Fearnside Endowment Fund, the Sarah Schroth Fund, the Margaret Elizabeth Collett Fund, North Carolina Arts Council, the Office of the President and the Office of the Provost, Duke University, and the Friends of the Nasher Museum of Art.

2001 Campus Dr., Box 90732, Durham, NC 27708 | www.nasher.duke.edu | 919-684-5135

Artsdu

ke

arts.duke.edu

This message is brought to you by the Center for Documentary Studies, Duke Chapel Music, Duke Dance Program, Duke Performances, Duke Music Department, Nasher Museum of Art at Duke University, Department of Theater Studies, and William R. Perkins Library with support from Office of the Vice Provost for the Arts.

Screen Society

Ongoing Exhibitions

Events - Oct. 18 - Oct. 24

EXHIBITION. O’ Say Can You See. An installation by Laura Poitras, featuring film footage she shot of people at Ground Zero in the aftermath of 9/11, audio recorded weeks later at the Yankees’ come-from-behind Game 4 World Series victory, and interviews with recently released detainees from Guantanamo Bay. Thru Oct. 22. CDS Gallery. Free.

EXHIBITION. The Deconstructive Im-pulse: Women Artists Reconfigure the Signs of Power. Thru Dec. 31. Nasher Museum of Art. Free.

EXHIBITION. Becoming: Photographs from the Wedge Collection. Thru Jan. 8, 2012. Nasher Museum of Art. Free.

October 18Heliand Consort performs Poulenc & Friends. Rachael Elliott, bassoon, Katie Oprea, oboe, Elisabeth LeBlanc, clarinet, Cynthia Huard, piano. 8pm. Nelson Music Rm. Free.

October 19Immersed in Every Sense Lecture Series. Artist talk by visting artist Eduardo Kac. 6pm. Reception to Follow. Nasher Aud. Free.

October 20Art for All. 7-10pm. Nasher Museum of Art. Free.

October 23Wonder Woman. Concert by Mallarmé Chamber Players in conjunction with the The Deconstructive Impulse. Music for string quartet, bass, oboe and trumpet, featuring composers Libby Larsen, Joan Tower, Sofia Gubaidulina, with a world premiere by Gwyneth Walker. 3pm. Nasher Musuem of Art. $18 gen. advance/$20 gen. door/$5 students w/ID. Tickets @ www. mallarmemusic.org.

All events are free and open to the general public. Unless otherwise noted, screen-ings are at 7pm in the Griffith Film The-ater, Bryan Center. (N) = Nasher Museum Auditorium. (SW) =Smith Warehouse - Bay 4,C105. (W) = Richard White Auditorium.

10/19 OUTSIDE THE LAW (8pm)Discussion w/Achille Mbembe, visiting Prof. of Romance StudiesFrench Film Series: ‘Global France’

10/20 MNEMOSYNE(N)– by director John Akomfrah

10/24 MY FANCY HIGH HEELS (Taiwan) (8pm) Introduced by Prof. Guo-Juin Hong, AMESCine-East: East Asian Cinema

http://ami.duke.edu/screensociety/schedule