Offentlige svï¿½mmebadsanlï¿½g – Del 2: Driftsmï¿½ssige … · 2019. 1. 4. · EN 15288-2:2018 (E) 5 European foreword This document (EN 15288-2:2018) has been prepared

Dansk standard DS/EN 15288-2:2018

Offentlige svømmebadsanlæg – Del 2: Driftsmæssige sikkerhedskrav

Swimming pools for public use – Part 2: Safety requirements for operation

2018-12-10

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EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM

EN 15288-2 December 2018

ICS 97.220.10 Supersedes EN 15288-2:2008English Version Swimming pools for public use - Part 2: Safety requirements for operation Piscines - Partie 2: Exigences de sécurité pour le fonctionnement Schwimmbäder - Teil 2: Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an den Betrieb

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 September 2018. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N E U R O P Ä I S C H E S K O M I T E E F Ü R N O R M U N G CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels

© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15288-2:2018 E

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Contents Page

European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 5

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 7

1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 8

2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 8

3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 8

4 Classification .................................................................................................................................................. 10 4.1 Swimming pool type 1 ................................................................................................................................ 10 4.2 Swimming pool type 2 ................................................................................................................................ 10 4.3 Swimming pool type 3 ................................................................................................................................ 11

5 Safety management system ...................................................................................................................... 11 5.1 General requirements ................................................................................................................................ 11 5.2 Safety policy ................................................................................................................................................... 11 5.3 Organization and planning the PSOPs .................................................................................................. 12 5.4 Non-conformance, corrective and preventive action...................................................................... 12 5.5 Monitoring, measurement and analysis, review and improvement .......................................... 12 5.5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 12 5.5.2 Measurement and analysis ....................................................................................................................... 13 5.5.3 Review .............................................................................................................................................................. 13 5.5.4 Improvement ................................................................................................................................................. 13 5.5.5 Monitoring system ....................................................................................................................................... 13

6 List of hazards ............................................................................................................................................... 14

7 Safety requirements and / or protective measures and procedures to reduce risks in pool operation ......................................................................................................................................................... 14

7.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 14 7.2 General requirements for access and occupancy – all pools ........................................................ 14 7.2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 14 7.2.2 Guidance on the maximum number of users at one time in a swimming pool ...................... 15 7.2.3 Control of authorized users’ access ....................................................................................................... 15 7.2.4 Control of unauthorised access of users .............................................................................................. 15 7.3 Arrangements for poolside supervision .............................................................................................. 15 7.3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 15 7.3.2 Specific risk factors ..................................................................................................................................... 16 7.3.3 Risk decreasing factors .............................................................................................................................. 16 7.4 Operational requirements for the management of supervised pools....................................... 18 7.4.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 18 7.4.2 Training and competence of lifeguards ............................................................................................... 18 7.4.3 Training and competence of other pool supervisory staff ............................................................ 19 7.4.4 Deployment of pool supervisory staff................................................................................................... 19 7.4.5 Induction ......................................................................................................................................................... 20 7.4.6 Ongoing training ........................................................................................................................................... 20 7.4.7 Structuring the duties ................................................................................................................................. 20 7.4.8 Clothing and equipment ............................................................................................................................ 20 7.5 Operational requirements for unsupervised pools ......................................................................... 20 7.6 Hiring pools to external partners ........................................................................................................... 21

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7.7 Operational requirements for checking the pool site, the buildings and the associated technical equipment .................................................................................................................................... 21

7.7.1 Procedure ........................................................................................................................................................ 21 7.7.2 General arrangements ................................................................................................................................ 22 7.7.3 Operational requirements for checking the pool equipment, and safety devices ................ 22 7.7.4 Operational requirements for cleaning and disinfecting the premises .................................... 22 7.7.5 Operation of water circulation systems ............................................................................................... 22 7.7.6 Operation of heating, ventilation and air conditioning .................................................................. 23 7.7.7 Operation of lighting system .................................................................................................................... 23 7.7.8 Maintenance of the pool equipment ...................................................................................................... 23 7.7.9 Operation for selection, safe delivery, storage, handling and use of chemicals .................... 23 7.7.10 Applying and controlling chemicals in pool water ........................................................................... 24 7.7.11 Monitoring physical, chemical and microbiological quality of pool water .............................. 25 7.7.12 Technical staff ................................................................................................................................................ 25 7.7.13 Selection and use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) .......................................................... 26 7.7.14 Procedures for recording incidents and accidents .......................................................................... 26 7.8 Operational requirements for emergency procedures................................................................... 26 7.8.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 26 7.8.2 Operational requirements for raising the alarm .............................................................................. 27 7.8.3 Operational requirements for rescuing ............................................................................................... 27 7.8.4 Operational requirements for evacuation ........................................................................................... 27 7.8.5 Additional specific procedures for selected emergency cases ..................................................... 29

8 Verification of safety measures and / or protective measures .................................................... 31

9 Instructions to the users ............................................................................................................................ 31 9.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 31 9.2 Information for the users........................................................................................................................... 32 9.2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 32 9.2.2 Rules for the use of the facility ................................................................................................................. 32 9.2.3 Safety information / instructions – safety signs ................................................................................ 32 9.2.4 Emergency and warning signals .............................................................................................................. 32 9.2.5 Basic orientation plan of the facility ...................................................................................................... 33 9.2.6 Public information ....................................................................................................................................... 33

Annex A (informative) Examples of hazards and possible measures to mitigate these hazards .... 34

Annex B (informative) Principles of risk assessment for swimming pools ............................................ 58

B.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 58

B.2 Process of a risk assessment .................................................................................................................... 58

B.2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 58

B.2.2 Identification of the proper use and the reasonably foreseeable misuse ................................ 60

B.2.3 Hazard identification................................................................................................................................... 60

B.2.4 Risk estimation .............................................................................................................................................. 60

B.2.5 Risk evaluation .............................................................................................................................................. 61

B.2.6 Examples for carrying out a risk assessments in swimming pools ............................................ 61

Annex C (informative) Model risk assessment .................................................................................................. 65

C.1 How to use this model ................................................................................................................................. 65

C.2 The process – A hypothetical example .................................................................................................. 65

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C.3 Setting the scene (general information about the pool and the risk assessment) ............... 65

C.4 Responsible person ..................................................................................................................................... 65

C.5 Type of pool .................................................................................................................................................... 65

C.6 Staffing ............................................................................................................................................................. 65

C.7 Technical maintenance .............................................................................................................................. 65

C.8 How was the risk assessment done? ..................................................................................................... 65

C.9 The risk assessment document – An example ................................................................................... 66

Annex D (informative) Samples of accident recording form ....................................................................... 69

D.1 Sample of accident recording form from the Netherlands ............................................................ 69

D.2 Sample of accident report form from United Kingdom .................................................................. 70

Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 72

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European foreword

This document (EN 15288-2:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136 “Sports, playground and other recreational facilities and equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2019, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2019.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document will supersede EN 15288-2:2008.

In relation to EN 15288-2:2008 the following main amendments have been made:

a) introduction has been revised;

b) scope has been revised by excluding EN 16582;

c) normative references have been updated;

d) definition “Indoor swimming pools” has been revised;

e) definition “therapeutic pool” has been revised;

f) definition “As Low As Reasonably Practicable” has been added;

g) definition “harm” has been added;

h) definition “hazard” has been added;

i) definition “risk” has been added;

j) definition “risk estimation” has been added;

k) definition “risk analysis” has been added;

l) definition “risk evaluation” has been added;

m) definition “risk assessment” has been added;

n) classification Type 3 pools has been revised;

o) organizational and operational requirements have been fully revised;

p) new table “Special risk factors and possible solutions to reduce the risk with reference to As Low As Reasonably Practicable” has been added;

q) emergency plan has been added;

r) new Clause “Verification of safety measures and / or protective measures” has been added;

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s) Annex A “Dye test” has been moved to EN 15288-1;

t) new Annex A “List of possible hazards” has been added;

u) new Annex B “Risk assessment” has been added;

v) new Annex C “Model of risk assessment” has been added;

w) wording aligned with EN 15288-1;

x) Bibliography has been updated.

This standard series EN 15288 “Swimming pools for public use” consists of the following parts:

— Part 1: Safety requirements for design

— Part 2: Safety requirements for operation

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

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Introduction

This standard has been prepared principally to provide a reliable basis regarding operational characteristics of a public swimming pool.

The standard provides a framework for enhancing consumer protection and confidence by identifying hazards and putting controls in place to manage them, demonstrating compliance to customers and suppliers. The standard can reduce swimming pool accidents and illnesses to cut related costs and reduce the risk of prosecution and litigation. The standard can act to achieve cost savings, efficiencies and compatibility of pools throughout Europe. The use of this standard can engage and motivate staff with better, safer working conditions. Finally, this standard can be used to support public policy objectives and, where appropriate, offer an effective alternative to regulation.

This standard provides a means of review and assessment of the hazards associated with public swimming pools; their monitoring and assessment; and activities available for their control through education of users, and good operation and management. The standard includes both specific guideline values and good practices. It addresses a wide range of types of hazard, including hazards leading to drowning and injury, water quality, contamination of associated facilities and air quality. The intention of this standard is to provide a structured and methodical approach to meeting the needs of swimming pool safety.

It lists the main hazards, gives ways in which these may be addressed, and states what actions a pool operator should take to attain the standard.

It is not intended that this standard should be used as a method of carrying out a risk assessment. Adopting and following this standard will undoubtedly assist in the carrying out of a risk assessment. And for completeness, the principles of a risk assessment are described in Annex B and a model risk assessment for a swimming pool is given in Annex C. Pools come in a wide range of types, from water parks with thousands of visitors per day, through to communal pools, hotel pools, campsite pools and pools at guest houses, where bather loads may be much lower. Such a wide range implies a gradation of the safety requirements, which take into account the specific level of hazard. It should also be considered that in type 1 swimming pools the user would expect poolside supervision to be provided, while in other types, the user would not expect it.

This standard is concerned with swimming pool safety and recognizes the ISO guidance on safety thresholds that describe safety as freedom from unacceptable risk (e.g. CEN/ISO TR 20183). Safety is achieved by reducing risk to a tolerable level. There is no complete absence of risk. In turn, there is no product or system that is without some risk, which should be reduced to a tolerable risk.

Pool operators should also consider EN 15288-1, as well as other European standards, national standards and regulations when using this document.

This European Standard includes requirements, recommendations and notes for all existing pools and new pools. While compliance with requirements is mandatory to fulfil this standard, recommendations indicate best practices and notes give additional information and / or explanations.

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1 Scope

This document specifies safety requirements for the operation of classified pools according to Clause 4. It is intended for those concerned with the operation and management of classified swimming pools. It provides guidance about the risks for staff and users associated with public swimming pools, by identifying the precautions needed to achieve safety.

This document has limited application to classified pools which consist of segregated areas of rivers, lakes or the sea. It is advised to follow the requirements for safe working methods and supervision insofar as they are relevant.

National and / or local legislation may apply.

This document is not applicable for domestic swimming pools according to EN 16582 (all parts). Further definitions of domestic swimming pools and / or use are given in EN 16582.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

EN 15288-1, Swimming pools — Part 1: Safety requirements for design

ISO 7001, Graphical symbols — Public information symbols

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp

3.1 pool / swimming pool facility, with one or more water areas, intended for swimming, leisure or other water-based physical activities

3.2 indoor swimming pool one or more constructed water areas for bathing enclosed in a building, covered by a roof (fixed or moveable)

Note 1 to entry: A pool under a shelter is not considered an indoor swimming pool.

3.3 outdoor swimming pool one or more constructed open-air water areas for bathing

3.4 public use use of an installation open to everyone or to a defined group of users, not designated solely for the owner's / proprietor's / operator's family and guests, independently from paying an entrance fee

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3.5 therapeutic pool one or more constructed water areas specially designed to provide medical and physical care under control of a competent person

Note 1 to entry: Pools designed for fitness and related activities are not considered therapeutic pools.

3.6 pool basin water tank where water-related activities can take place

3.7 pool surround walkable area around a pool basin, associated of the pool basin itself

EXAMPLE Circulation areas, areas of entry and exit, etc.

Note 1 to entry: The walkable pool surround can include overflow grids.

3.8 first aid medical, organizational and supportive measures for sick or injured persons with simple means including the emergency call

3.9 pool operator designated person / organisation responsible for the operation of the pool in terms of health and safety

3.10 staff area area only the staff have access to

3.11 pool technical staff trained and competent people responsible for operating the technical equipment

3.12 supervision assistance to the users and / or surveillance from trained and competent personnel to ensure safe pool use and operation

3.13 pool supervisory staff trained and competent persons (e.g. lifeguards, pool attendants) responsible for the supervision of users in the controlled area

3.14 poolside supervision action of supervising users in water and on the pool surround

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3.15 As Low As Reasonably Practicable ALARP judgement of the balance of risk and benefit taking into account the sacrifice of time, effort and money that could be spent reducing a risk to zero

3.16 harm physical injury or damage to health

3.17 hazard potential source of harm

3.18 risk combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm

3.19 risk estimation defining likely severity of harm and probability of its occurrence

3.20 risk analysis combination of the specification of the limits of the machine, hazard identification and risk estimation

3.21 risk evaluation judgement, on the basis of risk analysis, of whether the risk reduction objectives have been achieved

3.22 risk assessment overall process comprising a risk analysis and a risk evaluation

3.23 pool safety operating procedure PSOP written instructions for safe operation

4 Classification

4.1 Swimming pool type 1

Pool where the water-related activities are the main business (e.g. communal pools, leisure pools, water parks) and whose use is “public” according to 3.4.


Pool which is an additional service to the main business (e.g. hotel pools, campsite pools, club pools, therapeutic pools, school pools) and whose use is “public” according to 3.4.

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All pools of public use according to 3.4 except:

— pools type 1;

— pools type 2.

EXAMPLES Diving tower, military training pools, rescue training pools, scuba diving pools.

5 Safety management system

5.1 General requirements

The management of swimming pools consists of the operation and supervision of the premises, the technical plant and equipment, the features and the water-related activities of the users.

In a swimming pool different types of supervision can be required — e.g. of the general swimming pool facility, dry activity areas, children’s areas, saunas, and of the swimming pool users.

The staff of a pool normally performs one or more of the following functions:

a) management and administration;

b) poolside supervision;

c) technical staff;

d) teaching and coaching staff;

e) cleaning, servicing, selling and other generic duties.

The role of management is to plan, organize and define safe systems of work, implement the procedures satisfactorily, provide appropriate training, monitor and review.

To manage safety effectively, the organization shall plan and coordinate its approach. The cornerstone of this approach is a safety management system.

The requirements stated below may not be fully applicable, but the relevant principles are always valid and shall be followed by the pool operator depending on the size and complexity of the facility and the organization.

The safety management system shall include:

a) a safety policy;

b) organizing and planning the Pool Safety Operating Procedures (PSOPs);

c) procedures dealing with non-conformances and necessary preventive measures;

d) documentation of records and processes to monitor, measure, review and improve the health and safety management policy.

5.2 Safety policy

The organization shall define and document a policy for the general operation and safety of the swimming pool.

This policy could include e.g.:

a) top level management statement taking into account the safety and health approach;

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b) safety and health responsibilities and tasks attributed to the employees;

c) written procedures (see 5.3);

d) training and evaluation of the employees;

e) periodical evaluation of the compliance of the facility.

The organization shall ensure that this policy is communicated, implemented and maintained throughout the relevant parts of the organization.

The PSOPs may be integrated with other aspects of the organization’s business in order to demonstrate an integrated approach to health and safety management.

5.3 Organization and planning the PSOPs

Facility operators play a key role and are responsible for the good operation and management of the swimming pool environment. This shall include the preparation of and compliance with a pool safety plan, which consists of a description of the system, its monitoring and maintenance, normal operating procedures, procedures for specified incidents, a generic emergency plan and an emergency evacuation procedure. There shall be written procedures which detail the routine and appropriate safety standards, tasks and responsibilities for operating the swimming pool.

The PSOPs shall also include the organization chart which shall detail the lines of authority, individual responsibilities and the allocation of functions for all those involved in ensuring pool safety, their training and competency. Details and descriptions of the pool(s) shall include the dimensions, depth and features of the pool(s). NOTE This information is often best communicated diagrammatically.

5.4 Non-conformance, corrective and preventive action

The pool operator shall establish and maintain procedures for defining responsibility and authority in order to deal with non-conformances and potential non-conformances in a timely and appropriate fashion. This shall include:

a) handling and investigating non-conformances;

b) taking action to mitigate any impacts from non-conformances;

c) initiating and completing corrective and preventive action.

Any corrective or preventive action taken to eliminate the causes of actual or potential non-conformances shall be appropriate to the magnitude of the problem and commensurate to the risk.

Records of significant non-conformances and corrective or preventive actions taken shall be maintained.

5.5 Monitoring, measurement and analysis, review and improvement

5.5.1 General

The pool operator shall define the routine performance monitoring requirements for the operation of the pool. These requirements should be suitable and sufficient to provide useful data on compliance to the PSOP. This might include routine patrols of the pools and ancillary areas to monitor for hygiene, housekeeping, user behaviour and pool supervisory staff performance.

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5.5.2 Measurement and analysis

The measurement of the operation performance shall include:

a) assessment of the individual (e.g. lifeguard) and overall operational performance;

b) compliance to operational plans, procedures and performance requirements;

c) the success (or otherwise) of corrective and preventive actions;

d) the management of incidents and emergencies;

e) feedback from users of the pool and other stakeholders on pool safety issues.

5.5.3 Review

The organization shall formally review the operation of the health and safety management system to ensure it achieves the defined safety policy objectives. This review shall be carried out at planned intervals of normally no less than one year or if the operation changes significantly.

Evidence can be provided of pool safety performance from the measurement process. 5.5.4 Improvement

The review shall include assessing opportunities for improvement and the need for changes to the pool health and safety management system to ensure it remains suitable, adequate and effective. NOTE This might include updating the Pool Safety Operation Procedures in response to new industry guidance or revised training programmes or improved record keeping.

5.5.5 Monitoring system

A monitoring system shall be established and managed.

Records shall be clearly identifiable.

Records shall be maintained to provide evidence that the requirements have been complied with and of the effective operation of the health and safety management system with regard to swimming pool safety. Such records shall include details of:

a) training;

b) review and improvement meetings;

c) incidents, accidents and subsequent investigations;

d) accident / incident trend analysis;

e) risk assessments;

f) changes to PSOPs;

g) inspection and equipment checks;

h) any other information that might demonstrate compliance to the requirements of this standard. Records shall be retained for a suitable and defined period of time in order to be used by the pool operator for trend analysis.

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NOTE Retention periods will be defined based on legal requirements, knowledge preservation purposes and for effective trend analysis of performance.

6 List of hazards

In every swimming pool a list of possible hazards shall be identified by the operator. The hazards shall be divided into three broad areas:

a) people – the pool users and spectators.

b) activity and pool operation;

c) physical – the building and equipment.

The identification of the possible hazards and related measures during operation is a precondition for defining procedures according to the safety requirements see Clause 7, for reducing the risks.

Possible hazards can be as follows, but not limited to:

a) pool operation (see Table A.1);

b) pool users (see Table A.2);

c) mobile pool equipment (see Table A.3);

d) fixed pool equipment (see Table A.4);

e) structure, building, pool design (see Table A.5);

f) technical system (see Table A.6);

g) weather conditions (see Table A.7).

7 Safety requirements and / or protective measures and procedures to reduce risks in pool operation

7.1 General

In Annex A, examples of hazards and possible measures to mitigate these hazards are given. The safety requirements and / or protective measures to reduce risks in pool operation listed in this paragraph shall lead to procedures. Those procedures shall at least take into account the listed hazards, the proposed possible hazard-related measures and shall additionally define the probability to estimate the risk.

7.2 General requirements for access and occupancy – all pools

7.2.1 General

The safe level of occupancy shall be considered and defined by the pool operator considering at least:

a) the design of the facility (layout, available space, water areas, features, attractions, etc.);

b) the number and type of users and activities taking place at any one time;

c) the levels of supervision actually provided.

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7.2.2 Guidance on the maximum number of users at one time in a swimming pool

The maximum number of users shall be defined by the pool operator and shall take into account:

a) the designation of the pool (e.g. swimming pool, wave pool, hotel pool);

b) the pool design capacity (e.g. outdoor leisure pools with large sunbathing areas, small hydro massage pools);

c) the pool use at any one time (e.g. training swimming, diving, water gymnastics);

d) the presence of additional facilities and areas outside the pool surround which could increase the permitted number of users in the whole pool facility (e.g. saunas, rest areas, sunbathing areas, restaurants);

e) the type of users (e.g. adults, children, people with special needs).

7.2.3 Control of authorized users’ access

The pool operator has the right to refuse access to users who do not comply with the admission rules of the venue.

For all types of swimming pools, children up to a defined age shall be accompanied by an appropriate person responsible for them. The defined age and the degree of responsibility shall be determined by the pool operator taking into account national regulations or guidance. NOTE The usual age is 8 years.

For type 1 authorized access to the pool shall be controlled in line with the venue rules, through a check point or other effective controls (e.g. code access).

For type 2 and type 3 pools, under consideration of the local conditions, it shall be identified whether there is a need to control the maximum number of users and if so, the means of doing this. 7.2.4 Control of unauthorised access of users

Areas where access needs to be restricted (e.g. staff areas, plant rooms) shall be suitably marked and secured to prevent unauthorised access.

If a water leisure feature, water play equipment or a part of a facility is intended to be out of use (e.g. closed, while under repairs) unauthorised access shall be prevented.

The installation of a suitable method of prevention of unauthorised access especially for children (e.g. a fence, a shelter, a cover, an alarm system) could be considered.

7.3 Arrangements for poolside supervision

7.3.1 General

All pool operators shall determine whether or to what extent poolside supervision is required taking into account national regulations or guidance and / or the type of operation, type of users, water depths, pool basin size and nature of use (see 7.3.2 and 7.3.3).

In reaching this decision the operator may consider what is reasonably practicable, the balance between risks and prevention costs; this may take into account ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practicable). For the risk to be ALARP, it shall be possible to demonstrate that the cost involved in reducing the risk further would be grossly disproportionate to the benefit gained.

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7.3.2 Specific risk factors

The risks factors that increase the necessity of pool supervision are at least:

— swimming pool layout (e.g. division into separate areas, more than one pool basin, areas of deep water and shallow water, blind spots, reduced visibility);

— presence of equipment or features at the poolside or in the water, (e.g. inflatable / floating playground equipment, wave pools, diving installations, leisure equipment, moveable floors and bulk heads, water slides);

— extremely crowded periods;

— specialist activities (e.g. sub-aqua, canoeing, water polo, competitive swimming);

— special occasions (e.g. parties, events).

7.3.3 Risk decreasing factors

7.3.3.1 General factors which may decrease the risk

Factors which may decrease the risk are, but not limited to, the following:

— enforceable venue rules for safe behaviour;

NOTE Behaviour of pool users which might incur risk of personal injury or injury to others (e.g. non-swimmers in swimmers areas, non-swimmers out of their depth, boisterous or dangerous activities, e.g. running in wet areas, pushing users in the pool, swimming for long periods underwater, etc. requires guidance for supervision in these specific operational situations).

— presence of measures or devices preventing access to the pool basins when they are closed;

— restricted access to very young and unaccompanied children;

— Presence of technical devices (e.g. Drowning Detection Systems) assisting in alerting staff to swimmers in difficulty

— access restricted to defined user groups (e.g. hotel residents, campsite users, club members, hospital staff, patients).

7.3.3.2 Additional measures to decrease specific risk factors

Some specific risk factors (see 7.3.2) require additional measures (see Annex A) to reduce the risks as shown in Table 1.

Table 1 — Special risk factors and possible solutions to reduce the risk with reference to ALARP

Special risk factors Possible additional measures to reduce the risk (examples)

The presence of equipment or features, at the poolside or in the water (e.g. inflatable / floating playground equipment, wave pools, diving installations, leisure

Putting effective operational controls in place for swim sessions with equipment and features, that shall:

— consider the manufacturer / supplier guidance regarding the handling and use of the equipment;

— ensure that the set up and break down of the equipment prevents injury to employees and pool users;

— consider the electrical safety of the electrical air pump, ensuring

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Special risk factors Possible additional measures to reduce the risk (examples) equipment, moveable floors and bulkheads, water slides);

suitable and sufficient segregation from pool users and security of the equipment itself;

— ensure that the installation and connections of the inflatable equipment conform to relevant European Standards;

— ensure users are warned of the commencement of features and equipment e.g. barriers to prevent entry to areas posing a hazard (wave pools) and where necessary users are vacated from water areas until the environment is safe (moveable floors);

— ensure that there are clear safety rules for users which state how to use the equipment correctly, the importance of respecting restricted access rules in order to prevent overcrowding;

— consider the need for all-round supervision of the equipment, especially the risk of getting trapped when swimming below inflatable / floating play equipment;

— ensure the tethering of inflatable equipment to prevent excessive movement;

— ensure maintenance, hygiene and dry storage of the equipment; — detail the minimum competence level for users; — detail the number of users allowed on the inflatable equipment. NOTE In some circumstances a member of pool supervisory staff might be placed in the water.

Extremely crowded periods

— Ensure that the design loading for the pool is never exceeded in accordance with 7.2 and Clause 8.

— Ensure appropriate provision for pool supervision when large numbers of people are expected.

Presence of higher risk user groups (e.g. users with special needs, unaccompanied children, weak swimmers)

— Make arrangements for use of the pool by users or groups with disabilities, users with medical conditions for which special arrangements might be necessary.

— Display signs and use physical barriers where necessary, to warn weak swimmers not to enter areas of the pool that might place them in danger.

— Additional pool supervisory staff.

Specialist activities (e.g. sub-aqua, canoeing, water polo, competitive swimming)

— Control special activity groups to ensure that competent supervision and rescue cover is provided.

— Provide suitable segregation of activities and ensure appropriate supervision where specialist activities and general use (e.g. recreational swimming) are taking place at the same time.

Special occasions (e.g. parties, events)

— Consider possible occasional factors which increase risk e.g. parties, events, availability of alcohol at poolside which could require supervision only on those occasions.

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7.3.3.3 Criteria to determine when poolside supervision is not required

For the decision not to provide poolside supervision, the following criteria shall at least be considered:

— a pool of limited depth (e.g. ≤ 1,35 m) and with no abrupt depth changes;

— pool shape and pool size;

— diving is prohibited;

— all children under the age of 8 years are accompanied by an appropriate person responsible for them in the water;

— the use of the pool is restricted to members or residents;

— no special play equipment or features are provided;

— alcohol is prohibited for pool users;

— rules for safe behaviour can be enforced (e.g. house rules);

— personnel who are competent and qualified to conduct a rescue from the pool, resuscitation and first aid, and who can be summoned quickly to the pool.

7.4 Operational requirements for the management of supervised pools

7.4.1 General

The staff designated to supervise water areas and pool surrounds shall be trained and competent.

For the purposes of this standard, the following sub clauses deal only with supervising water areas and immediately adjacent areas. 7.4.2 Training and competence of lifeguards

The requirements for the training and competence of lifeguards shall include:

a) a minimum age;

b) physical and mental suitability to fulfil the task;

c) the ability to swim conforming to valid national requirements;

d) the ability to recognize a casualty and the ability to rescue people who are drowning or in danger, appropriately validated;

e) knowledge of water safety and accident prevention;

f) understanding responsibilities under law;

g) ability to perform cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR), first aid, use of automated external defibrillator (AED) and spinal cord injury management.

Lifeguards shall be given induction training to ensure:

h) familiarity with the swimming pool;

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i) understanding of the pool operation procedures, valid for the respective place of work, and its rescue equipment;

j) competence in the safety procedures, validated by practical tests carried out and recorded at appropriate intervals at the site.

For paragraphs a), c), d), e), f), g) and j), compliance with national life guarding requirements is mandatory. 7.4.3 Training and competence of other pool supervisory staff

The requirements for training and competence of other pool supervisory staff depend on the tasks they are required to do and can require, depending on the results of a risk assessment, training and competence in one or more of the areas given above. 7.4.4 Deployment of pool supervisory staff

Procedures for the deployment of pool supervisory staff shall take into account the operational characteristics of the facility, e.g.:

a) opening hours;

b) duty spells, necessity of rotation, time off poolside and breaks;

c) number of users at a time, age, ability and location of users, and type of attendance;

d) the design, layout, shape, and dimensions of the water areas with the aim of effective observation of them;

e) special activities, events, programmes;

f) poolside activities that could distract staff;

g) presence of technical systems (e.g. drowning detection systems to detect users in difficulty and to warn the pool staff).

Procedures shall also take into account those characteristics of the swimming pool design which can affect the performance of the pool supervisory staff, influencing vision, hearing or concentration, including:

h) type and characteristics of the swimming pool;

i) size of the pool basins;

j) illumination;

k) glare and reflection;

l) acoustic effects;

m) the ventilation system;

n) heat and humidity;

o) special features (e.g. water slides, wave pools).

Procedures shall at least also specify:

p) the qualifications and number of pool supervisory staff;

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q) how co-operation with third parties is organized;

r) the areas of responsibility of each member of pool supervisory staff (water areas and pool surrounds).

Technical systems for supervision, (e.g. drowning detection systems, to detect users in difficulty and to warn the pool staff) shall not totally replace human supervision but can be provided as an aid to assist supervision. 7.4.5 Induction

Pool supervisory staff shall receive specific initial training in the safety procedures of the site, validated by practical tests, whose results are recorded, to show competence.

Procedures shall state the training required for every aspect of supervision in line with the risk assessment and the written safety procedures. 7.4.6 Ongoing training

Pool supervisory staff shall receive ongoing training in safety procedures and skills to maintain their competence. Ongoing training shall be recorded. Staff competence shall be checked at appropriate intervals. 7.4.7 Structuring the duties

On the basis of the results of the deployment, and to maintain appropriate levels of concentration, the procedures shall define:

a) the designated area of the pool which the respective member of pool supervisory staff is supervising or is responsible for;

b) the maximum period of uninterrupted supervision at a defined location and the job rotation between activities and locations;

c) the length of the working day;

d) the programmed breaks from duty and the way in which an adequate level of supervision is maintained during this time.

7.4.8 Clothing and equipment

Pool supervisory staff shall wear a distinctive uniform or clothing, where necessary different for every task. Uniforms and footwear shall be selected for the specific pool environment and suitable for all aspects of their role.

7.5 Operational requirements for unsupervised pools

A written safety procedure is required where a pool may be used without poolside supervision - this shall be included in the pool operating procedures.

Whenever a pool for public use is operated without poolside supervision, a member of staff trained to deal with emergency situations shall be designated as “on call” to respond immediately to the alarm and deal with any emergency.

For unsupervised pools the arrangements shall include:

— information to be provided to users prior to entrance and in the pool area including signs in the hall, changing rooms and at the poolside, indicating that the pool is not staffed and drawing attention to simple rules of use and safety;

— additional signs in the poolside area showing the depth of the water, if needed;

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— a means of summoning help in an emergency and a notice giving instruction in its use;

— suitable rescue equipment (e.g. poles, throwing ropes, buoyancy aids) available by the poolside, and clearly identifiable.

7.6 Hiring pools to external partners

There shall be a contract which specifies the tasks and responsibilities transferred from the pool operator to the hirer during the hiring period. The pool operator shall ensure that the hirer has a responsible, competent person on the premises who is trained to carry out these tasks and responsibilities.

The evacuation of all affected people shall be considered in the written procedures and communicated to the responsible person.

The pool operator shall check regularly if the hirer is complying with the requirements of the contract.

If the pool is a supervised pool, the pool operator shall ensure that suitable poolside supervision is in place.

7.7 Operational requirements for checking the pool site, the buildings and the associated technical equipment

7.7.1 Procedure

Operational procedures shall ensure that the pool site, the buildings, and the associated equipment are operated and maintained in order to preserve their integrity, to achieve safety requirements for the users and the staff of the facility, and to preserve the environment.

These procedures shall also take into account the requirements of local regulations.

The number of procedures and detail will depend on the following criteria:

a) the type of activity / activities performed in the pool;

b) the size of the pool and the associated premises (pool surrounds and buildings);

c) the significance and complexity of the equipment;

d) the essential requirements for equipment provided by the manufacturer;

e) the number of staff, their competence and how they are organized;

f) where the inherent risk is high.

Criteria to consider in order to simplify the procedures include:

— single type of activity;

— small pool basin and surroundings (size not much bigger than a domestic pool);

— small or no building;

— low occupancy;

— limited pieces of equipment;

— low-risk equipment and products;

— simple operation and reduced maintenance needed for the equipment and the premises;

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— highly operational and practical documentation for equipment provided by the manufacturers or suppliers;

— operational information on equipment and product packaging;

— limited number of staff;

— simple management structure;

— permanent, experienced and well-skilled staff.

7.7.2 General arrangements

Processes in place for checking the pool site, the buildings and the associated technical equipment shall:

a) list the items that shall be checked to ensure the check is comprehensive and that no additional or increased risks have arisen since the previous check was made;

b) determine whether there has been any deterioration since the previous check was made and that they are fit for purpose;

c) define which checks shall be carried out only by trained and competent persons (e.g. investigations for stress corrosion).

Pools that by virtue of their type of operation, occupancy, size, staff organization and nature of use can be identified as lower risk and complexity may not need to complete formal operational procedures according to 7.7.1.

In reaching the decision if a formal operational procedure is needed (or not) and its level of detail, the operator shall take into account what is reasonably practicable.

It is more a best practice of judgement of the balance between risk and organisational efficiency. 7.7.3 Operational requirements for checking the pool equipment, and safety devices

Procedures shall ensure that the pool equipment and safety devices are fit for purpose and that there has been no change or deterioration in their condition (e.g. damage to the equipment and components, safety devices such as barriers, handrails and outlet grids not in proper position) which may result in increased risks.

All equipment checks should take into account the requirements of the manufacturer.

For type 1 and type 2 pools a visual inspection should be carried out every day before opening the pool to the public. Attention should be paid to check that the equipment is properly ready for use (e.g. protections correctly in place, components secured). For type 3 pools, a visual inspection should be carried out periodically. 7.7.4 Operational requirements for cleaning and disinfecting the premises

Procedures shall include how to select the appropriate cleaning and disinfecting agents. Manufacturer's requirements shall be followed regarding application and storage. When floors are cleaned during pool operation, precautions shall be taken to protect against related risks (e.g. slippery surfaces, chemicals, long hoses, and machinery).

Where cleaning materials may come into contact with the pool water, the chemicals used shall not adversely react with the chemicals used in the pool water. Particular attention shall be paid to avoid contamination of pool water by detergents and disinfectants, which could also affect the pool water control devices. 7.7.5 Operation of water circulation systems

In accordance with EN 15288-1 a dye test of the water circulation system of every pool shall be performed at the time of commissioning. A dye test should also be performed when significant changes to the water

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distribution system are made and to help resolve a pool water quality problem that may be caused by ineffective distribution and circulation.

Procedures for the operation of the water circulation system shall primarily conform to the operating instructions given by the manufacturer of the equipment. The procedures shall include a requirement to maintain a log book for the equipment. 7.7.6 Operation of heating, ventilation and air conditioning

Procedures for heating, ventilation and air conditioning shall conform to the operating instructions given by the manufacturer of the equipment. They shall describe the operation of the equipment in accordance with requirements and utilization taking into consideration the health and comfort of the pool users (introduction of fresh air, contaminated air removal, air temperature, etc.) and the need to maintain the condition of the building structure (e.g. temperature, relative humidity, condensation). If the heating, ventilation or air conditioning is modified or altered in any way then the procedures shall be reappraised. 7.7.7 Operation of lighting system

The operator shall ensure that the lighting system provides:

a) a minimum level of illumination according to EN 15288-1;

b) an effective emergency illumination system according to EN 15288-1.

If different illumination for special events is needed, a risk assessment should be carried out. 7.7.8 Maintenance of the pool equipment

Procedures shall primarily conform to the maintenance instructions given by the manufacturer of the equipment. They shall:

a) state the required maintenance, and its frequency;

b) indicate where remedial work may be necessary;

c) define the competence and / or qualifications for those doing the work.

Procedures shall also state:

d) that where maintenance work is undertaken during public use, suitable precautions (conforming to valid regulations) shall be taken to protect the public who may be present;

e) the required frequency of inspection for the chemical dosing systems, dosing lines and the related injection points.

7.7.9 Operation for selection, safe delivery, storage, handling and use of chemicals

Procedures for selecting chemicals shall specify the criteria for selecting the most suitable and safe products, based on relevant standards and on the information given by the supplier.

Written agreed procedures for safe delivery of chemicals shall be established and practised between the supplier and the pool operator, on the basis of a safe delivery location, secured from public access, and in conformance with the safety information available from the Safety Data Sheets. They shall include a safe means of unloading the chemicals to the delivery area.

In case of bulk delivery, suitable precautions (e.g. specific coupling, separate fill points clearly marked) shall be taken to prevent a chemical product being poured into the wrong tank.

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Procedures for safe storage and handling of chemicals shall:

a) conform to the related Material Safety Data Sheets;

b) state the environmental conditions (e.g. temperature, humidity, effectiveness of ventilation) to be provided, and the means to check and record them;

c) require that only trained and authorized staff can store and handle chemicals;

d) require that the correct Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) be used for each type of chemical and for each activity;

e) ensure appropriate and safe instructions are provided about how to handle and where to store each chemical, including the equipment (e.g. for transport) needed;

f) provide safe instructions to deal with cases of spillage;

g) indicate the maximum quantity of each product which can for safety reasons be stored at the same time in each location;

h) indicate where and how to dispose of empty containers / packages safely.

7.7.10 Applying and controlling chemicals in pool water

Chemicals shall be provided and controlled to ensure the pool water quality conforms to applicable standards and / or regulations.

Procedures for the application of chemicals shall:

a) specify safe systems of work when preparing solutions;

b) forbid smoking when handling chemicals;

c) require direct application of chemicals in the pool basin only as a special procedure or emergency measure when procedures shall:

1) describe the working practices that will ensure proper dilution of the chemicals into the pool water, to avoid peaks and to ensure water quality always complies with applicable standards and / or regulations;

2) ensure that users are not present;

d) where automatic dosing is employed, procedures shall:

1) state how to supply / recharge the chemicals to the dosing equipment;

2) state how to set monitoring and control equipment to provide a water quality that complies with the applicable standards and / or regulations;

3) state how to monitor and maintain the control equipment to provide the required pool water quality;

4) define appropriate safe maintenance procedures for the equipment during periods of shut-down.

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7.7.11 Monitoring physical, chemical and microbiological quality of pool water

Procedures for monitoring the pool water quality shall prescribe:

a) the physical, chemical and bacteriological water quality parameters to be achieved;

b) the correct way of sampling and testing the water, for both automatic and manual testing equipment;

c) how and when chemical and bacteriological testing of the water shall be carried out to ensure pool water meets applicable standards and / or regulations;

d) the type, method and frequency of each test;

e) the proper way of recording and storing the related findings;

f) how to store the reagents for chemical tests and how to check their fitness for purpose (e.g. compliance with expiry dates);

g) calibration method and frequency of the equipment used for water analysis, referring to the manufacturer’s instructions.

7.7.12 Technical staff

7.7.12.1 Deployment

Procedures shall state the duties, number of staff, level of responsibilities and the required qualifications for the respective jobs. They shall take into consideration:

a) the type of swimming pool;

b) the size of the pool basins;

c) the type, technology and size of the technical equipment;

d) manufacturer's guidance;

e) the operational timetable.

7.7.12.2 Training pool technical staff

The procedures shall define the type of training required for every role in respect of:

a) the type and size of the equipment;

b) the technology used;

c) the materials and chemicals used;

d) the manufacturer's recommendations.

Procedures shall also state:

e) the required level of knowledge in basic water treatment technology;

f) the required level of knowledge in pool procedures for maintaining water quality;

g) the necessary training.

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7.7.13 Selection and use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

The procedures shall require the use of the relevant PPE.

For the chemicals used, they shall comply with the PPE as specified in the relevant Safety Data Sheet. 7.7.14 Procedures for recording incidents and accidents

Procedures for recording incidents and accidents shall state that every incident or accident which requires either first aid or / and emergency response, or an act to prevent an emergency, shall be recorded in a log in sufficient detail to allow subsequent analysis.

Procedures shall also state that a periodic review of all incidents and accidents shall be formally executed at least once per year and after every major accident, with the aim of defining effective corrective / preventive actions.

7.8 Operational requirements for emergency procedures

7.8.1 General

When pools are staffed, procedures shall be prepared, distributed and training given to the relevant staff for at least the following foreseeable emergencies:

a) fire;

b) structure / component / equipment failure;

c) a casualty in the water;

d) faecal / blood / vomit water contamination;

e) breakdown in pool water clarity;

f) physical violence;

g) a terrorist act;

h) contact with chemicals;

i) emission of toxic gas;

j) electrical failure;

k) lighting failure;

l) lightning storm;

m) lost or found child.

Where pool supervisory staff are not in place, a method to give guidance to the users in the above emergencies shall be stated. Pools that by virtue of their type of operation, occupancy, size, staff organization and nature of use can be identified as lower risk and complexity may not need to complete formal emergency procedures.

Depending on the type of emergency, procedures shall foresee some main actions:

n) when possible, act quickly to prevent the emergency from escalating;

o) raise the alarm;

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p) rescue;

q) evacuate;

r) perform first aid;

s) when possible, act to reduce the consequences of the emergency;

t) at every stage, avoid generating panic.

Procedures for these actions shall state for every case at least:

u) how to identify the area / facility affected to be alerted / evacuated;

v) how the emergency action shall be restricted to the affected area/facility only, avoiding alarm to areas / facilities / users not involved;

w) who shall be alerted / evacuated / rescued and in which order;

x) the methods and levels of alert suitable for every emergency.

7.8.2 Operational requirements for raising the alarm

Procedures for raising the alarm shall anticipate two stages, to be performed in the following order:

a) raise the internal alarm, alerting affected users and staff;

b) raise the external alarm, calling the appropriate emergency services.

7.8.3 Operational requirements for rescuing

Rescue procedures shall anticipate three stages, to be performed in the following order:

a) remove casualty from the danger;

b) first aid;

c) calling the appropriate emergency services.

Procedures shall also guarantee staff safety, e.g. by use of PPE if necessary. 7.8.4 Operational requirements for evacuation

Evacuation procedures for evacuation shall be coordinated with the local authorities.

They shall anticipate two stages:

a) clear the affected area / facility, in a controlled and systematic way;

b) prevent further access to the area / facility.

Procedures should avoid generating panic.

Procedures shall be prepared which assess the risk of any incident occurring which might prejudice public safety or disrupt normal operations; for example, power cuts, bomb threats, crowd disorder as well as fire. Such incidents often arise with little or no warning and may not be capable of being dealt with by the management operating under normal conditions, and may also involve a fire. Emergency plans shall therefore be prepared to determine specific actions and / or the mobilization of specialist resources.

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The emergency plan shall be appropriate to the pool and could include:

c) how people will be warned;

d) what staff shall do;

e) how the evacuation of the premises shall be carried out;

f) where staff and visitors shall assemble after they have left the premises and procedures for checking whether the premises have been evacuated;

g) how communication with the public will be carried out e.g. public announcement (PA) systems;

h) identification of key escape routes, how people gain access to them and use them as a means of escape to a place of total safety;

i) the duties and appointment of staff who have specific responsibilities in case of evacuation;

j) arrangements for the safe evacuation of people identified as being especially at risk, such as those with disabilities, young children or lone workers;

k) arrangements for the safe evacuation of persons affected by alcohol and drugs, large numbers of persons unfamiliar with the premises, and different age groups;

l) arrangements for organizing a roll call of staff and / or the reporting of 'sweeping' of the premises by wardens;

m) any machines /processes / appliances / power supplies that need to be stopped or isolated;

n) how the fire and rescue service and any other necessary services will be called and who will be responsible for doing this;

o) procedures for meeting the fire and rescue service on their arrival and notifying them of any special risks, e.g. the location of highly flammable materials;

p) what training employees need and the arrangements for ensuring that this training is given.

As part of the emergency plan it is good practice to prepare post-incident plans for dealing with situations that might arise such as those involving:

q) unaccompanied children;

r) people with personal belongings (especially valuables) still in the building;

s) people in a state of undress (e.g. swimmers);

t) people wishing to re-join friends / family;

u) getting people away from the building (e.g. to transport);

v) inclement weather.

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7.8.5 Additional specific procedures for selected emergency cases

7.8.5.1 Procedure in case of water contamination

Procedures shall state what to do to restore the situation when there is physical, biological or chemical contamination of the pool.

Each emergency action taken in response to a contamination of the pool shall be recorded together with the action taken. 7.8.5.2 Physical contamination

Procedures for dealing with broken glass, debris, dirt, etc. requiring the removal of the contamination and cessation of bathing until the situation is restored to normal. 7.8.5.3 Biological contamination

7.8.5.3.1 Faeces

7.8.5.3.1.1 Solid

Procedures shall state what to do to restore the situation when solid faecal contamination is detected, to ensure that there are no related risks for the users. NOTE A typical sequence foresees the following steps:

a) remove the solid stool;

b) verify that the chlorine level is within the limits.

7.8.5.3.1.2 Liquid

Procedures shall state what to do to restore the situation when liquid faeces contamination of the pool water is detected, to ensure that there are no related risks for the users. Closure of the pool will probably be required together with remedial action to ensure the risks to health from the contamination is removed by physical (fitration) or chemical (UV, ozone, superchlorination) means. The expertise of local health authorities shall be considered. NOTE According to the degree of contamination and taking into account the pool characteristics, one or more of the following actions could be integrated in the procedures:

a) evacuate the pool basin;

b) empty, clean and disinfect the pool basin, refill and treat the water (for low volume pool);

c) apply a coagulant if technically possible;

d) increase the level of free chlorine or equivalent disinfectant to the top of the permitted range;

e) vacuum sweep the pool bottom, sending the water to the waste;

f) in case of faecal contamination, wait for minimum 1 filtration cycle;

g) backwash the filters.

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7.8.5.3.2 Blood / vomit

If substantial amounts of blood or vomit are spilled into the pool, it should be temporarily cleared of people, to allow the pollution to disperse and any infective particles to be neutralised by the residual disinfectant. Operators should confirm that disinfectant residuals and pH values are within the recommended ranges. NOTE See 7.8.5.3.1.2, NOTE.

7.8.5.3.3 Dead animals, animal faeces

Remove the source of contamination where possible and confirm that disinfection is at appropriate levels. NOTE See 7.8.5.3.1.2, NOTE.

7.8.5.4 Chemical

If the chemical has reduced the clarity of the pool to an unsafe level, then bathing should cease and time allowed for the turnover of the pool to restore the clarity. Chemical levels should be checked to ensure normal operation.

If the chemical has interfered with the normal chemical balance of the water and is putting the health of bathers at risk then the action necessary may require cessation of bathing and adjustment to the chemical content of the pool water to restore the balance to normal levels.

When contamination of the water is from chemical sources such as cleaning chemicals in the pool water then procedures should include ensuring the proper functioning of the chemical control and dosing equipment. 7.8.5.5 Operation in case of lighting failure

Procedures shall state the action required for the evacuation of all affected areas. 7.8.5.6 Operation in case of lightning storm

7.8.5.6.1 Indoor pools

If a lightning storm threatens, operation can be continued without restriction. 7.8.5.6.2 Pools with connected indoor / outdoor pool basins

If a lightning storm threatens, the outdoor pool basin shall be evacuated. The passage between indoor and outdoor pools shall be closed and a separation device (see EN 15288-1) shall be installed. Under these circumstances, indoor operation can be continued without restriction.

Pools with connected indoor / outdoor pool basins not complying with the requirements of this paragraph shall be evacuated. 7.8.5.6.3 Pools with connected indoor / outdoor water-related features

If a lightning storm threatens, indoor / outdoor features such as rivers, crazy rivers, open slides etc. shall be evacuated and the access at both ends shall be prevented in a suitable way. 7.8.5.6.4 Outdoor pools

If a lightning storm threatens, outdoor pool basins shall be evacuated. Users shall be ordered to leave the facility or to seek refuge in the buildings.

Sheltering under trees shall be prohibited as it constitutes a threat to life. 7.8.5.7 Operational procedures in case of chemical emergencies threatening the users

Procedures for a chemical emergency threatening the users shall state at least the following:

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a) how to raise the alarm for the appropriate emergency services;

b) how to deal with users who have been contaminated;

c) how to determine when evacuation is required (e.g. in case of significant toxic gas emission) and the related guidelines (e.g. against wind direction), or segregation of the affected area is sufficient.

7.8.5.8 Loss of water clarity

Procedures shall be provided where a loss of water clarity threatens the safety of the pool users where bathers cannot easily be viewed underwater.

A reduction in the clarity of the pool water is a risk to pool users. It is essential that bathers are able to assess the depth of the water and for pool supervisory staff to see a casualty below the water surface. If the water clarity falls below a stated level (defined in the written procedures), the written procedures shall identify the actions to be taken for suspending admissions and clearing the pool until the clarity reaches an acceptable level (as a minimum, the ability to see the body of a small child if it were located on the floor of the pool in the deepest water). The clarity of the pool water shall be constantly monitored.

8 Verification of safety measures and / or protective measures

For each safety requirement and / or protective measure defined in Clause 7, a method of verification shall be established (except if it is self-evident).

The method of verification will depend on the specific requirement and may include:

a) testing (e.g. dye test);

b) measurement (e.g. measurement of water quality, occupancy);

c) calculation (e.g. pool water distribution effectiveness);

d) visual inspection;

e) analysis of reports, records and procedures;

f) any other valid method of verification.

The methods of verification a) to c) shall be designed to be sufficiently precise to ensure reproducible results.

Priority is given to the use of existing and standardized methods of verification.

9 Instructions to the users

9.1 General

The pool operator shall provide instructions to the users of a swimming pool in visible and / or audible form. The information supplied shall include safety instructions.

Information should preferably be in the form of graphical symbols, according to relevant ISO standards if any. A supplementary text sign can be added in the language(s) of the country where the facility is installed. Multilingual text signs, appropriate to the anticipated users, are preferred.

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9.2 Information for the users

9.2.1 General

Information for the users shall include:

a) the rules for the use of the facility;

b) safety information / instructions (e.g. water depth);

c) emergency and warning signals;

d) for type 1, and if necessary for types 2 and 3, a basic orientation plan of the facility;

e) public information.

9.2.2 Rules for the use of the facility

The pool operator shall prepare a set of rules to be complied with by the users. These rules shall at least indicate:

a) rules of admission;

b) permitted behaviour for the use of pools, features and services e.g. policies relating to the consumption of alcohol, food and drink, use of glassware in and around the pool areas, smoking, and the prevention of unauthorised photography;

c) hygienic requirements, (e.g. showering before entering a pool each time, not contaminating the water while using the pool basins, and not wearing outdoor footwear on the poolside);

d) to follow the instructions of the staff, if any.

The functions of the staff, if any, shall be specified, including the right to enforce the venue rules, and to act when someone is not complying with them.

The users shall be notified of the rules for using the facility by at least a display placed at the entrance to the controlled area, or at the reception for type 2 pools.

Additional displays inside the facility are recommended. 9.2.3 Safety information / instructions – safety signs

If safety signs are used, they shall conform to the relevant ISO standards.

The location and mounting of the safety signs shall be considered at the design stage, see EN 15288-1. The pool operator shall be responsible for the signage, ensuring the suitability of the signage in relation to any subsequent revisions of the risk assessment and its maintenance. 9.2.4 Emergency and warning signals

Emergency signals shall conform to valid regulations.

Emergency alarm switches for general use shall be built to avoid unintentional operation.

If a box with a breakable front window is used, it shall be of a type non-hazardous to bare feet.

After operation by users or staff, only authorized staff shall be able to reset the emergency warning signals.

Audible / visible warning signals shall be given to alert users when equipment or water features might interfere with users (e.g. water cannons, wave machines, moveable floors).

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Warning signals shall be audible / visible and effective to all the users present in the relevant area. 9.2.5 Basic orientation plan of the facility

When required (see 9.2.1 d), the basic plan shall be made available to the user prior to entry, and inside the controlled area, clearly indicating:

a) the location of the pool basins and services;

b) the designation of the areas;

c) information suitable to also allow access for people with special needs;

d) information for safe use of the facility.

9.2.6 Public information

Public information (e.g. toilets, lockers, cafeteria, pools, slides), shall also consider guidance for people with special needs.

Wherever possible, public information signs shall conform to ISO 7001.

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Annex A (informative)

Examples of hazards and possible measures to mitigate these hazards

The list below is appropriate to the majority of type 1 pools.

Some listed hazards may not be relevant for all kind of pools, especially type 2 and 3 pools.

If the pool operator does not have the required knowledge to install or control any part of the installation, it is recommended that he refers to competent persons.

Table A.1 — Pool operation

Possible hazard Possible cause Possible consequence (possible harm)

Possible hazard related measures

Absence of poolside supervision if required according to 7.3.1

Incorrect organization of supervision

Accident with various level of severity, including brain damage or death

a) Correct organization of supervision

Unsupervised pools, or areas of pools in pools where supervision is needed

Inadequate definition of supervision areas Inadequate definition of supervision points and / or routes


a) Defining: — number of supervision staff; — supervision areas; — supervision points and / or routes

Inadequate number of supervision staff

Insufficient numbers of, or inappropriate organization of supervision


a) Determining necessary number of supervision staff

b) Deploy staff appropriately

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Inappropriate training of supervision staff

Inappropriate selection of supervision staff Inadequate training of supervision staff


a) Determining appropriate selection of supervision staff

b) Defining training and qualification of supervision staff

Inadequate supervision at hazardous pool equipment such as diving boards, moveable floors, climbing walls

Inappropriate organization of supervision Inadequate definition of pool equipment to be supervised Inappropriate procedures for supervision hazardous pool equipment

Accident with various level of severity, including brain damage or death Severe injuries

a) Providing additional procedure to define pool equipment to be supervised

b) Additional procedure to define requirements for the supervision of pool equipment

Failure of concentration of staff

Deployment of supervision staff for other tasks Environmental conditions (e.g. noise, heat) Incorrect organization of supervision (e.g. break frequency)


a) Ensuring that staff are not deployed to other tasks while supervising

b) Checking procedures for these: — lack of rotation; — lack of breaks; — heat, noise; — activities / other tasks performed by

supervision staff; — other distractions

Inadequate initiation of the rescue chain

Inappropriate training of supervision staff


a) Ensuring the appropriate procedure of rescue chain is in place, including: — immediate actions; — further actions; — rescue service; — emergency contact information

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Inadequate or non-functional rescue equipment

Missing equipment Inadequate maintenance


a) Defining equipment required b) Defining procedures:

— to include rescue equipment into inspection rounds;

— for appropriate maintenance of equipment

Unsatisfactory / unsafe water quality

Operator non-compliance with appropriate procedures regarding chemicals and control equipment

Lack of visibility Diseases, infection and irritation of eyes and upper respiratory tract Injury / death

a) Ensuring that appropriate procedures are in place

b) Ensuring that the pool operator has appropriate training

c) Maintaining the pool water quality in accordance with requirements

d) Taking appropriate tests

Unsatisfactory / unsafe air quality

Operator non-compliance with appropriate procedures regarding air treatment systems

Difficulty to breathe, irritation of eyes and lungs, headaches... Condensation on surfaces causing slipping and reduced visibility



c) Maintaining the air quality in accordance with requirements

Inappropriate / unsafe storage and handling of chemicals (e.g. for cleaning, disinfection, water treatment)

Operator non-compliance with appropriate procedures regarding the handling and storage of chemicals

Emission of toxic gas, poisoning / death / fire / explosion



c) Ensuring compliance with written operational procedures for the pool.

Wrong use of activities and attractions

Inadequate / inappropriate communication of safety measures

Accident with various level of severity,

a) Proper information to users according to EN 15288–2:2018, Clause 9

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including brain damage or death

Table A.2 — Pool users



High levels of noise Excited bathers Activity with amplified sound

Hearing damage Risk of injury / drowning due to failed communication between supervision staff

a) Test noise level to determine exposure levels b) Fit sound limiter to sound system and music

equipment c) If noise cannot be reduced to acceptable

exposure level, increase pool supervisory staff rotation time (i.e. reduce working time in the pool hall or area of noise)

Non-swimmers in swimmers area

Ineffective admission control Lack of clear signage relating to non-swimmers and depth markings Missing dividing line between non-swimmers and swimmers area Inadequate supervision

Drowning Pool supervisory staff supervision; or where not supervised: a) display clear definitive rules signage at entry

and in the pool environment; b) display clear depth markings; c) establish a non-swimmers area; d) checks of the pool environment to ensure

appropriate behaviour

Non / weak swimmers straying into water too deep for them

Bathers unable to stand up Lack of appreciation of risk

Loss of footing - drowning

a) Provide high-visibility marking or tiling at all changes in floor level

b) Ensure the nosing to any steps and treads are slip resistant and are colour contrasted for improving their visibility

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c) Provide handrails to both sides of any steps d) Provide good illumination that allows the

change in level to be clearly identified e) Provide warning signs at the change in level

and at appropriate points in the pool building f) If practicable, remove all upstands to shower

areas

Unsupervised children straying into deep water

Uncontrolled admission to pool Inadequate supervision ratios Insufficient information that children shall be supervised

Severe injury Drowning

a) Define responsible adult to child ratios b) Restrict entry to poolside from entrance /

changing facilities

Bathers diving or jumping into shallow water

Insufficient visible signage or instructions Insufficient supervision Supervisors not reactive


a) Prohibiting diving from the poolside in pools with shallow water, a high freeboard or a problematic pool floor profile

b) Prohibiting all head-first entries and diving in pools with a water depth of less than 1,5 m during general swimming sessions

c) Considering the need of specialized equipment (spine boards) and specialized training for pool supervisory staff where diving is permitted

Pool operators will need to consider carefully the advisability of allowing diving from the poolside to take place during general sessions. d) Ensuring that during general and not

specialized sessions (for example competitive clubs), diving is not permitted where it would be unsafe to do so and displaying prohibition

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signs to mark these areas of the pool. e) Prohibiting dangerous ways of diving (e.g.

running dives; backward dives; dives without hands in front of head; bombing)

The recommended minimum depth of water where shallow diving shall be allowed is 1,8 m with a forward clearance of at least 6 m and freeboard height (pool surround above the water level) of no more than 0,38 m.

Pool water contamination from pool users, faecal, blood or vomit

Illness acquired before use of pool Cut from defective structure e.g. sharp tiles Lack of supervision by parents Lack of instructions and monitoring Non-wearing of swim nappies

Spread of potential infectious disease Illness

a) Use appropriate admission policies, to deter people from using the pool when ill

b) Enforce adult to child supervision ratios c) Apply remedial measures d) Written EAP (Emergency Action Plan)

detailing actions for each type of incident e) Enforce rules re wearing of Swim Nappies

Hyperventilation and swimming under water

Swimmers attempting to swim beyond their capability underwater

Drowning from fainting underwater

a) Prohibit hypoxic training b) Discourage bathers when seen to be

swimming distances underwater

Users with special needs in areas where conditions are not adapted to them

Lack of appreciation of risk Severe injury / fatality

a) Provide appropriate supervision b) Define carer per special needs bather ratio c) Specific session for special needs groups d) Safety information provided in appropriate

format e.g. pictogram, large font

Users with declared health problems

Underlying health conditions (unrelated to pool operations)

Severe injury / fatality

a) Provide pool entry information outlining general conditions that might affect safe use of pool

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Lone swimmer Admission policy not enforced or inadequate Lack of supervision Inability to raise alarm


a) Provide means of summoning assistance poolside

b) Ensure a lone bather policy is in place –e.g. supervision provided poolside when lone bather in water or lone bathing disallowed

c) Apply periodic monitoring checks of pool

Users under influence of drugs or alcohol

Ingestion of alcohol or drugs Severe injury / fatality a) No admittance for those appearing to be under the influence of drugs or alcohol

b) Admission through manned reception

Overcrowding Too many bathers enter water at the same time or stay in the water for extended period

Severe injury / fatality a) System in place to control numbers admitted to the pool

b) System to control length of time in the pool c) Headcount taken regularly

Threats and violence to staff and users

Angry or violent bather Injury a) Pool users advised threatening behaviour not tolerated

b) Security back up available if required c) Ensure staff have appropriate training

Unruly / inappropriate behaviour

Slips, trips and falls Submersion, dangerous play

Injury a) Behaviour monitored by supervisory staff b) Persistent offenders asked to leave facility c) Ensure staff have appropriate training

Unsafe / inappropriate diving from the pool side

Water too shallow for diving safely Inexperienced divers


a) Provide clear and visible signage, defining diving rules or prohibition

b) Make information on diving policy clear to users before going to the pool e.g. information packs

c) Clearly mark water depth

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d) Ensure appropriate supervision

Unauthorized access to a pool or pool area when it is closed

No /inadequate security Lack of physical barrier Lack of supervision whilst closing down or opening


a) Ensure access to pool hall is locked b) Provide barrier of sufficient height to prevent

unauthorized access c) Monitor facility whilst closing to prevent re-

entry to water

Unsafe / inappropriate usage of water slides, diving boards and other equipment such as steps, ladders, pool water covers

Lack of supervision Peer pressure influencing behaviour


a) Ensure rules for use displayed clearly b) Ensure appropriate supervision when in use c) Ensure access to supervised equipment

prevented when not in use d) Ensure appropriate maintenance of slide and

other equipment

Inappropriate objects brought by pool users (glass bottles etc.)

Insufficient communication regarding pool rules

Injury, contamination of pool water

a) Enforce pool rules b) Provide clear signage

Table A.3 — Mobile pool equipment



Lane ropes snapping Plastic flaking Wire stretching – causing loose equipment.

Minor injury; cuts, scrapes a) Replacing lane rope b) Tighten wire

Turn flags falling into water

Rope snapping Minor injury; cuts, scrapes a) Replacing rope

Poles for turn flags out of place

Poles not secured in appropriate sockets

Minor injury; cuts, broken bones

a) Fasten poles for turn flags securely

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Major injury; brain damage

False start rope snapping

Rope snapping Minor injury; cuts, scrapes a) Fastening start rope securely b) Secondarily - replace rope

Turn boards out of place Turn boards not secured in appropriate sockets

Minor injury; cut, trips, broken bones Major injury; brain damage

a) Fastening turn boards securely

Sports equipment inappropriately used / stored

Errors in the choice of the equipment or of its place Risk evaluation not performed when installing the equipment

Minor injury; trips, falls, cuts a) Storing extra sports equipment in appropriate area or room

b) Replacing faulty equipment c) Using equipment as intended

Multimedia equipment inappropriately used in wet environment

Inappropriate power supply Electric shock a) Ensuring appropriate location and power supply

Fan of constant blow inflatable pool features inappropriately used in wet environment

Errors in the choice of the place Risk evaluation not performed when installing the equipment

Electric shock a) Ensuring appropriate location and power supply

Poolside cleaners inappropriately placed

Pool cleaners inappropriately placed / stored in area of bathers. Keyes left in ignition Faulty equipment

Minor injury; trips, falls, cuts Electrical shock

a) Storing poolside cleaners in appropriate area or room

b) Securing keys when equipment is not in use c) Replacing faulty equipment

Pool cleaners inappropriately placed (suction cleaners, etc.)

Pool cleaners inappropriately placed / stored in area of bathers Faulty equipment

Minor injury; trips, falls, cuts Electrical shock

a) Storing pool cleaners in appropriate area or room

b) Replacing faulty equipment

Poolside storage equipment

Poolside storage equipment inappropriately placed in area of

Minor injury; trips, falls, cuts a) Storing poolside storage equipment in appropriate area or room

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inappropriately placed bathers Faulty equipment.


Poolside storage equipment failure

Poor design Wear Misuse

Injury a) Storing poolside storage equipment in appropriate area or room


Table A.4 — Fixed pool equipment



Diving board - slippery surface

Surface (original design or wear of the coating) not in accordance with EN 13451–1:2011+A1:2016, Annex E


a) Testing the board according to Annex E, b) Treating board with slip-resistant coating c) Replacing if not possible to treat d) Implementing regular inspection procedures

Deposits of slippery matter on diving board

Board not being cleaned appropriately


a) Ensuring regular and efficient cleaning of the board

Diving board failure Overloading of diving board Accident with various level of severity, including brain damage or death

a) Limiting access to one user at a time b) Ensuring appropriate supervision is in place c) Providing appropriate signage

Diving board failure Design not in accordance with EN 13451–10, or wear

Accident with various level of severity, including

a) Ensuring regular inspection of board in order to detect wear

b) Replacing board

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brain damage or death

Bather impact with diving board facilities

Diving board facilities not in compliance with 13451–10 Insufficient space surrounding, the diving board facilities

Severe injury due to collisions, etc.

a) Installing protection preventing circulating too close to the rear parts of the diving boards

b) Softening angles of the board at their rear part by protection jackets

c) Moving or remove first and last diving-board

Diving platform structure collapsing / breaking

Diving platform not in accordance with EN 13451–10 Wear, corrosion, overloading, etc.


a) Implementing appropriate inspection of the structure

Slippery starting platforms

Surface not in accordance with EN 13451–4


a) Implementing regular checks of the coating b) Consult manufacturers documentation

Deposits of slippery matter on starting platform

Starting platform not being cleaned appropriately


a) Ensuring regular and efficient cleaning of the platform

Bather impact with the pool cover roller

Insufficient space surrounding, and lack of protection of the pool cover roller

Injury a) Installing protection preventing circulating too close to the pool cover roller

b) Protecting protruding parts with impact absorbent materials

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Bather impact with water slide facilities

Water slide equipment not in accordance with EN 1069–1 Circulation allowed close to or under the water slide

Severe injury a) Preventing circulation by physical means (barriers, etc.)

b) Installing protection jackets / covers on the accessible parts of the structure

Electrostatic discharge by contact with metallic parts of the water slide structure

Water in contact with metallic parts which are insufficiently earthed

Injury a) Mandating a specialist to test the earthing of the accessible metallic parts

Collision between users in water slide

Lack of system indicating whether or not the user has completed his / her turn

Severe injury a) Installing a reliable system, display clear instruction b) Organizing supervision

Water slide structure collapsing / breaking

Wear or corrosion of the supporting structure or of the slide


a) Implementing appropriate inspection of the structure

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Table A.5 — Structure, building, pool design



Roof failure Structures not according to valid standards (EN 15288–1) Failure of any supporting element in roof structure


a) Carrying out regular inspections of the roof structure b) Seeking professional advice

Swimming pool layout (general)

e.g. division into separate areas, more than one pool tank, blind spots, reduced visibility

Accident with various level of severity, including brain damage or death Drowning

a) Pre-entry diagrams and posters to orientate users of the pool layout

b) Working out Supervision guidelines for the pool supervision staff, defining e.g. supervision areas and supervision points

Access to the pool hall is located close to deep water

Inappropriate design bathers entering the water without checking that the water depth is appropriate

Drowning a) If the pool surround is narrow at the point of entry (i.e. less than 2 m), providing warning signs that are clearly visible to bathers at the entry point to the pool hall and also within the changing areas

b) Locating staff so that they have a clear view of bathers entering the pool hall and can easily reach the water area

c) If space is available, channelling bathers to a safe water depth by means of physical barriers such as guard rail or planting features

Congestion leading to accidental entry into the water

Narrow pool surrounds (i.e. less than 2 m)

Accident with various level of severity, including brain damage or death Drowning

a) If the problem is serious, considering management methods to control congestion

b) Considering putting guard rails in place

Abrupt changes in floor level around

Ramps, steps, footbaths, upstands (to contain

May cause bathers to trip or slip and lose

a) Providing high-visibility marking or tiling at all changes in

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the pool shower or hosing-down water)

their balance causing injury

floor level b) Ensuring the nosing to any steps and treads are slip resistant

and are colour contrasted for improving their visibility c) Providing handrails to both sides of any steps d) Providing good illumination that allows the change in level to

be clearly identified e) Providing warning signs at the change in level and at

appropriate points in the pool building f) If practicable, removing all upstands to shower areas

Ramped access between changes in floor level around the pool, e.g. pool surrounds adjacent to wave machine chamber

A consequence of design in leisure pools Error in design in other types of pool

May cause bathers to slip and lose their balance. If the ramp is located adjacent to the pool tank, this could cause a bather to fall from a high freeboard into the pool, risking serious injury

a) Providing high-visibility floor marking at the top and bottom of the ramp

b) Providing handrails to both sides of the ramp c) Providing an alternative temporary floor covering (e.g. ribbed

plastic matting) to the ramp d) Providing warning signs

Freestanding columns / features blocking views

A consequence of design Drowning due to sight lines being obstructed, making effective supervision difficult

a) If necessary, repositioning staff or provide additional staff so that they have clear views

b) Removing or modifying feature; obtaining professional advice on the implications of doing this

Projecting / freestanding columns interfering with circulation and / or presenting an impact hazard

Inappropriate design Injury due to impacts or collisions

a) If practicable, considering removing unnecessary obstructions to achieve clear space. If the building structure is affected, obtaining professional advice on the most appropriate solution

b) Providing high-visibility marking and impact- absorbing finish (e.g. padding) to unmovable / fixed elements. Ensure

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any corners are chamfered or rounded

Areas of the pool hall or tank where access is difficult

A consequence of design High freeboards, ‘islands’ in leisure waters, or pool surround areas that are cut off by physical barriers such as water-slides, planting or guard-rails

May cause delay in treating an injured person, leading to a more serious consequence

a) Making staff aware of the best routes for removing a casualty and brief ambulance / paramedic personnel, if required

Inadequate and / or badly positioned first-aid facilities and access for emergency vehicles

Poor design May cause delay in treating an injured person, leading to a more serious consequence

a) Making staff aware of the best routes for removing a casualty and ensure they can brief ambulance / paramedic personnel, if required

b) Providing additional first-aid facilities. Obtain professional advice on the most appropriate solution

Glazing in the pool hall not compliant with EN standards (reference)

Wrong type of glass used in construction

Severe injury or death from non-safety glazing being used, caused by impact from inside or outside the pool

a) Replacing non-compliant glazing with suitably toughened safety glazing to relevant standards. Obtain professional advice on the most suitable solution

b) Providing barrier rail(s) to prevent bathers from coming into contact with the glazing

c) If the pool is used for water polo, providing protective netting to prevent ball impact

Window design / positioning causing excessive glare and specular reflection on water surface causing glare and reducing visibility

Inappropriate design Drowning / serious injury due to impaired visibility

a) Repositioning poolside staff so that they are facing away from the source of glare

b) Providing blinds to control amount of light c) Reducing the extent of the glazing. Obtain professional advice

on possible options for achieving this d) Replacing clear glazing with heavily tinted glass e) Consulting building designer for the most suitable glass

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f) Providing external planting to filter light

Poor placement of water depth signs

Notices and information provided not in accordance with the requirements of EN 15288–1

Bathers may enter or progress into water of unsafe depth (for them) if they cannot see or read depth markings leading to potential drowning

a) If necessary, providing clear signage at all appropriate points in accordance with EN 15288–1

b) ‘No diving’ signs should be placed so as to clearly indicate where diving is prohibited because of the water depth

c) Where it is impractical to providing wall-mounted signed that are clearly legible to bathers on the pool surrounds

d) considering the provision of floor signs located on the pool surround itself, and pictorial information positioned within the changing rooms and / or close to the point of entry to the pool hall

e) Considering the provision of suspended overhead depth banners. Their design and positioning shall ensure that they are clearly visible to bathers both in the water and on the surrounds, and that they are not confused with decorative banners

Slippery floor finish around the pool non-compliant with EN 15288–1

Wrong type of floor finish, slip resistance on slope, or lack of maintenance

Serious injury due to slips / falls

a) Determining whether the finish was graded in terms of its slip resistance according to EN 15288–1

b) Establishing whether the gradient of the floor effectively drains away any surface water

c) Checking whether the finish has been properly cleaned thoroughly degreased and its surface is not worn. If it is badly worn, or has been repaired in various areas, the entire finish may need to be replaced by one with the appropriate degree of slip resistance

d) Obtaining advice

Slippery tank floor finish, particularly

Slip resistance of the finish and its gradient are not

Minor injuries, slips, falls

a) Consulting pool designer. Advice from the flooring manufacturer and an independent testing laboratory may be

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in shallow water areas e.g. the beach of a leisure pool

appropriate for the location Slippery surface due to wear from bather traffic Slippery due to chemical deposits

required to establish this and recommend remedial action possibly replacing surface finish with EN slip resistance requirements

b) Checking whether the pool chemicals have affected the finish. If so, consider changing the water treatment

c) As a temporary measure providing warning signs

Sharp or raised edges, e.g. uneven tiling, drainage gullies / channels around the pool

Top of movement joints not flush with adjacent floor finish or joint filler is missing Exposed edges to drainage gullies / channels (i.e. metal or tile) are sharp and not flush with adjoining floor surfaces

Minor injuries, cuts (feet)

a) As a temporary measure cordon off affected floor area(s) to prevent bathers walking over them

b) Consulting building designer and movement-joint manufacturer/supplier for cause of problem and to determine the most suitable solution

Sharp exposed edges to tiled finish, including cracked / broken and / or missing tiles, particularly at tile expansion joint positions

Tile expansion joints have not been constructed properly or do not coincide with the structural movement joints Mechanical damage to tiles Grout erosion, e.g. chemical and / or mechanical and / or water quality

Minor injuries, cuts (feet)

a) Replacing with suitable grout b) Replacing all cracked / broken tiles c) Obtaining advice from tile manufacturer and, if necessary,

from an independent testing laboratory d) If feasible, consulting building designer / structural engineer

together with tile and sealant manufacturer for the most appropriate solution

Excessive pool tank gradient, not in accordance with EN 15288–1

Design Drowning due to excessive gradients increasing the likelihood of slipping and causing young children to be ‘led’ into

a) Checking whether the pool gradient exceeds the maximum recommended gradient and whether this occurs in a non-swimmers area

b) Ensuring that areas of steep gradient are clearly marked using coloured pool tank floor markings

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deep water c) Providing separation, by use of dividing line d) Providing warning signs

Unexpected changes in water depth in a non-swimmer area

Design not in accordance with EN 15288–1 Steps beneath the water or changes in water depth between two water areas that are located close together

Slips, non-swimmers out of their depth, drowning

a) Ensuring all step treads can be clearly identified by colour contrasting the top edge (i.e. the nosing) of each step

b) Providing warning signs of any sudden changes in water depth

c) Considering possibility of introducing a physical barrier or water feature between the changes in water depth. Obtain professional advice to establish whether or not this is feasible and to advise on its design and construction

Grille openings may lead to entrapment of fingers

Wrong type and design of outlet fitting used (not in accordance with EN 13451)

May lead to injury and drowning

a) Checking size of apertures; for existing pools, they shall be in accordance with EN 13451

b) Replacing with grilles that have the appropriate aperture c) Obtaining advice from a building services engineer and / or a

water treatment specialist on feasibility of replacing the existing grilles

Excessive suction at outlets

Not in accordance with EN 13451 requirements

May cause entrapment injury and drowning

a) Checking the level of suction at each outlet. Outlet design shall be in accordance with EN 13451

b) Obtaining advice from a building services engineer and / or a water treatment specialist on the most appropriate solution for dealing with the problem

Projecting rest ledges or handrails

Rest ledge and handrail not in accordance with EN 13451

Minor to major injuries / drowning from entrapment

a) Establishing whether it is feasible to remove any projecting handrails

b) Establishing whether the rest ledge is clearly visible from the pool surround

c) Replacing the ledge finish with colour-contrasted tiles or a recessed ledge

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d) Providing warning signs of any projecting rest ledges

Design of access ladder handrails and treads

Design not in accordance with EN 13451 e.g. lack of structural integrity, slippery surfaces, entrapment

Falls, loss of balance, entrapment, drowning

a) Consulting building designer and / or the ladder manufacturer to determine the most sensible solution

b) Replacing or modify the ladders as recommended by the building designer / ladder manufacturer

Fixed raised pool ends

Raised elements in shallow water areas

Serious injury due to misuse

a) Ensuring staff supervision covers these features b) Where the water depth is not intended for diving, providing

‘no diving’ safety signs c) Considering the provision of removable guard-rails. d) Consulting building designer for most appropriate solution

Permanent starting Platforms in shallow water area

Not in accordance with EN 13451–4

Serious injury due to misuse

a) Removing from poolside and replace with demountable starting platforms. If this is not practicable, provide removable covers which prevent access to the platforms and their unauthorised use for diving

b) Providing ‘no diving’ safety signs

High levels of noise Pool hall not designed to reverberation levels appropriate to limit noise to non-harmful standards

Sustained high levels of noise can lead to hearing deterioration over time and can affect concentration and surveillance of life guards

a) Carrying out an assessment of noise levels and where these are determined harmful then take action that is appropriate e.g.: — introduce surfaces that limit reverberation; — reduce levels of background noise such as water flow or

music; — limit periods of duty to pool supervisory staff; — provide hearing protectors

Electrical sockets in wet area of pool

Electrical installation does not meet the latest relevant EN standards or applicable national regulations

Electric shock, possibly leading to death

a) Evaluating need for sockets in pool area b) Repositioning sockets so that they are not accessible and / or

are tamperproof c) Replacing sockets which do not comply with the EN or

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national regulations

Poor definition of the pool edge

Pool definition not in accordance with EN 15288–1

Injuries / drowning caused by falling into pool, or colliding with pool edge.

a) Obtaining advice from the pool designer and surround tile manufacturer on the most appropriate method of providing a better definition

b) If a deck-level overflow channel is installed close to the pool edge, considering changing the grating for one with a colour that contrasts with the pool surrounds and tank

High freeboard, i.e. for example adjacent to wave machine chamber

Dimension of freeboard creates a hazard or a consequence of a wave pool design

Drowning due to lack of rest area, point of exit, etc. Serious injury due to jumping / diving from elevated point

a) Providing a grab-rail at water level b) Providing a barrier rail along the length of the freeboard to

prevent bather from entering the pool tank c) Taking measures to prevent bathers from gaining access to

those parts of the surround adjacent to the wave machine chamber

d) Positioning staff appropriately e) Providing signs prohibiting diving

Inappropriate diving pools

Pool tank and diving equipment do not meet current FINA and EN 13451–10


a) Checking pool and equipment dimension, including their location

b) Taking measures to prevent boards / platforms from being used

c) Restricting the nature of the activity permitted in the pool to that which it can safely accommodate

d) Removing diving platforms that are affected by reduced water depth and clearances

Inappropriate access to diving equipment

Design not in accordance with relevant EN 13451–10


a) Checking equipment according to the requirements of EN 13451–10

b) Taking appropriate action c) Obtaining advice from the diving equipment supplier or

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designer d) Providing signs indicating who should use the boards e) Briefing staff on potential problems

Diving pool location

Diving pool is close to the shallow end of a main or learner pool

Drowning / injury a) Checking width of pool surround dividing the two water areas and extent of the deep-water area

b) If space is available, providing a physical barrier between the two water areas

c) Ensuring effective control of access to the diving pool d) Providing warning signs e) Brief staff on problem

Unprotected access steps in learner / training pools

Location of access steps creates potential hazard

Drowning / injury a) Checking whether it is possible for bathers to jump from the pool surrounds on to the pool access steps

b) Providing guard-rails at the ends of the steps i.e. where their ends adjoin the pool surrounds

c) Providing warning signs

Learner pool access has narrow treads to the access steps and / or steep risers

Inappropriate design Slips and trips a) Checking the width and height (i.e. the riser) of all access steps

b) Checking whether there are sufficient handrails provided to help entry / exit

c) Replacing with wider and shallower steps with the minimum projection into the pool tank

d) Ensuring the edges of all the step treads are colour- contrasted with the pool surround and tank and the treads are slip-resistant

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Table A.6 — Technical system



Malfunction of the lighting system

Bulbs, lamps or switches out of order or changed for lower wattage. Electrical wiring disconnected, or not contacting properly. Location of luminaires altered

Minor / major injury: Bathers slipping and colliding with each other / obstacles. Drowning (due to lack of visibility for supervisors)

a) Immediately repair b) Consulting electrician if required

Insufficient air renewal leading to an elevated concentration in chloramines

Air inlets, pipes, fittings, filters and grids partially blocked

Difficulty to breathe, irritation of eyes and lungs, headaches...

a) Performing regular inspection of air inlets, pipes, fittings, filters and grids

b) Checking if maintenance procedures have been complied with

Malfunction of fresh air suction system

Difficulty to breathe, irritation of eyes and lungs, headaches...

a) Testing the operation b) measuring the flowrate of the fresh air suction

system regularly

Too high humidity Ventilation or dehumidifying equipment malfunction

Difficulty to breathe Condensation on surfaces causing slipping and reduced visibility

a) Carrying out essential maintenance b) Consulting a professional if required

Non-compliant parameters of water (pH, concentration of disinfectant, chloramines, stabilizer...) leading to bacteria and / or algae growth in water

Malfunction of the automatic dosing systems, lack of maintenance

Diseases, infection and irritation of eyes and upper respiratory tract.

a) Comparing the values indicated by the automatic dosing system with those obtained with other measuring equipment regularly

b) Strictly respecting the frequency and procedures for maintenance, control and cleaning operations of these systems as recommended by the manufacturer

Inadequate visual aspect of water

Inadequate turnover or dead areas in the pool basin due to

Psychological impact Eye and respiratory

a) Checking procedures, systems, hydraulic circuit regularly

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(presence of abnormal debris, unclear water) or abnormally high consumption of disinfectant

insufficient filtration flow-rate caused by clogged filtering media or pump strainer. Automatic system (indicating the filter is clogged and / or cleaning the filter) is out of order or has malfunctioned

irritation Disease / infection

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Table A.7 — Weather conditions



Lightning striking building or pool

Natural phenomenon Severe injury caused by damage to building and structures

a) Ensure that appropriate emergency procedures are in place

b) Ensure that necessary precautions are taken

Snow Heavy snow fall Severe injury caused by damage to building and structures Damage to, or faulty ventilation system due to snow blocking fresh air inlets



Flooding Heavy rain Severe injury caused by damage to building and structures



Wind Strong wind e.g. gale, tornado Severe injury caused by damage to building and structures



Temperature Extreme low / high temperatures Severe injury caused by damage to building and structures Damage to, or faulty ventilation system due to system overload



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Annex B (informative)

Principles of risk assessment for swimming pools

B.1 General

A risk assessment is a proper aid to optimize the pool operation. It should be performed for every swimming pool, e.g. when specific regulations are not available, if situations are not clear described in existing regulations, if major technical changes take place, which have an influence on the operation or if an accident or a series of incidents occurred. The definition of risk makes clear that only hazards related to humans (visitors, employees) are dealt with a risk assessment in this standard. The risk assessment is not a safety check, it exclusively analyses, if taken measures in a specific situation are sufficient to avoid hazards.

The principles of the risk assessment are described in EN ISO 12100. The requirements of this European Standard shall be “translated” into a terminology of pool operation, which is provided below.

B.2 Process of a risk assessment

B.2.1 General

The aim of the risk assessment is to examine the aspects of pool operation that could possibly harm people. It shall:

a) identify the proper use and the reasonably foreseeable misuse;

b) identify the hazards;

c) estimate the risk;

d) evaluate the risk.

See Figure B.1.

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Key a see ISO Guide 51:2014, Figure 1

Figure B.1 — Process of a risk assessment

The combination of the identification of the proper use and the reasonably foreseeable misuse, the hazard identification and the risk estimation is defined as the risk analysis. Risk analysis provides information required for the risk evaluation, which in turn allows judgements to be made about whether or not a risk reduction is required. The risk assessment is the overall process of risk analysis and risk evaluation. The risk assessment shall be dated and signed by the pool operator.

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Before a risk assessment is carried out, all procedures and measures according to the risks, which will be examined, shall be identified.

B.2.2 Identification of the proper use and the reasonably foreseeable misuse

The first and most important step of the risk assessment is the identification of the proper use and the reasonably foreseeable misuse. In this case the misuse is the more important factor, because a proper use normally does not lead to a hazard. By identifying as many possibilities for a misuse as possible maximum of the probable hazards may be identified.

B.2.3 Hazard identification

The hazard identification is the other essential step in any risk assessment. Only when hazards have been identified, steps can be taken to eliminate them or to reduce risks. The hazard identification provides a systematic identification of reasonably foreseeable hazards (permanent hazards and those which can appear unexpectedly), hazardous situations and / or hazardous events during all phases of the operation.

B.2.4 Risk estimation

The risk estimation defines the severity of harm and probability of its occurrence. It shall be worked out for every hazard defined in the hazard identification.

The risk estimation may also take into account, if harm may happen to one person or several persons. When carrying out a risk estimation, the risk from the most likely severity of the harm that is likely to occur from each identified hazard shall be considered, but the highest foreseeable severity shall also be taken into account, even if the probability of such an occurrence is not high.

The quantification of the severity of injuries or damage to health should be stated in categories like:

— very slight;

— slight;

— average severity;

— serious;

— very serious.

The quantification of the probability of injuries or damage to health should be stated in categories like:

— very low;

— low;

— average probability;

— high;

— very high.

Severity and probability shall be brought together into one value for the overall risk in categories like:

— very low;

— low;

— average;

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— high;

— very high.

Numerical categories, which multiply severity and probability may lead to wrong results, e.g. if a very serious severity is multiplied with a very low probability, which my lead to an overall average risk. This would not be acceptable e.g. for the hazard of drowning. The “linguistic” approach allows a proper interpretation better than a numeric model.

A result could be for example:

— severity: very high;

— probability: very low;

— overall risk: high.

B.2.5 Risk evaluation

After risk estimation has been completed, risk evaluation shall be carried out to determine if the identified procedures and measures according to the risks, that will be examined are sufficient or not, if a risk reduction is required. If no risk reduction is required, the result of the risk assessment shall be documented, dated and signed by the pool operator. If risk reduction is required, then appropriate protective measures shall be selected and applied. The risk assessment shall be repeated then, possibly in a reduced form.

B.2.6 Examples for carrying out a risk assessments in swimming pools

The examples are given in Table B.1, Table B.2 and Table B.3.

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Table B.1 — Risk assessment for overloading

Process step Analysis / action

Existing protection measures The capacity of the pool has been calculated based upon areas of water, type of activities and supervision levels required. The number of pool users for each type of use are known and controlled at reception to ensure they are not exceeded

Identification of the proper use and the reasonably foreseeable misuse

Users are careful while walking and swimming Users do not dive from the pool side versus Users run and push Users dive from the pool side Users crowding in special areas

Hazard identification Slipping and falling — slight injuries Being hit by a diver — severe injuries Drowning — severe injuries, death

Risk estimation Slipping and falling — severity: average / probability: low Being hit by a diver — severity: serious / probability: very low Drowning — severity: very serious / probability: very low Overall risk: Low

Risk evaluation Yes Additional measures to improve safety are possible

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Table B.2 — Risk assessment for slips and trips

Process step Analysis/action

Existing protection measures General good housekeeping carried out. All areas are well lit including stairs. There are no trailing leads or cables. Staff keeps work areas clear, e.g. no boxes left in walkways, deliveries stored immediately, offices cleaned each evening. All wet floor areas are well


Users are walking, not running Careful use of floors and stairs User watch their way versus Users are running User do not watch their way

Hazard identification Slipping and falling on walkways — injuries Slipping and falling on stairs — severe injuries

Risk estimation Slipping and falling on walkways — severity: average / probability: low Slipping and falling on stairs — severity: serious / probability: low Overall risk: average

Risk evaluation No Procedure for cleaning and disinfection is missing

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Table B.3 — Risk assessment for the 3 m diving board

Process step Analysis/action

Existing protection measures

“standard” pool supervision


Users are competent Careful access on the ladder Straight in run Diving straight forward versus Users are incompetent, problematic user groups Small children alone on the ladder Fooling on the ladder Climbing the barrier Diving sidewards

Hazard identification

Falling backwards from the ladder — severe injuries Falling sidewards from or over the barrier — severe injuries Impact on the 1 m board — severe injuries

Risk estimation Falling backwards from the ladder — severity: serious / probability: low Falling sidewards from or over the barrier — severity: serious / probability: very low Impact on the 1 m board — severity: serious / probability: very low Overall risk: average

Risk evaluation No Not for every situation a standard pool supervision is sufficient to minimize the risk

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Annex C (informative)

Model risk assessment

C.1 How to use this model

This model risk assessment shows some of the hazards that might be present in this type of swimming pool. It can be used as a guide to help thinking through some of the hazards in a swimming pool and the steps that need to be taken to control the risks.

However, this is not a generic risk assessment. Every swimming pool is different. To satisfy the law the hazards your swimming pool poses shall be identified and assessed, the controls required to provide effective protection to swimmers and people who may be affected by them shall be thought through, and the significant findings from the risk assessment shall be recorded.

C.2 The process – A hypothetical example

C.3 Setting the scene (general information about the pool and the risk assessment)

C.4 Responsible person

The pool manager has been responsible for undertaking the risk assessment at this swimming pool.

C.5 Type of pool

This is a type 1 swimming pool which is public facility located in a small town. It has a main 25 m pool, a small teaching pool and associated changing areas and plant rooms.

The pool was built before 2008 and does not comply in many respects with EN 15288-1.

C.6 Staffing

Thirty staff are employed at the pool, which is open to the public from 6.00 am to 10.00 pm seven days a week, 52 weeks of the year. All the staffs have had some sort of training in pool procedures although not all are qualified to supervise swimmers in the pool or to undertake work in or associated with pool plant.

The pool is cleaned every morning by general pool staff. Only approved chemicals are allowed for pool side cleaning and all staff trained in their use.

C.7 Technical maintenance

General maintenance and pool water treatment is carried out in house by specifically designated technical staff. Specialist and one off work is done by contractors and work is undertaken following procedures set out in the pools permit to work system for contractors.

C.8 How was the risk assessment done?

The manager referred to the relevant published guidance, including:

— EN 15288-1 swimming pool design and construction;

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— EN 15288-2 swimming pool management and operation;

— national and regional guidance.

The manager then identified the hazards in the swimming pool. This was achieved by:

— preparing/referring to the PSOPs, written procedures that cover the operation of the pool including emergency actions, normal operations and technical operation;

— walking around the premises and noting what might cause harm;

— talking to the swimming pool staff to learn from their knowledge and experience and listen to their concerns about health and safety issues;

— talking to specialist advisors and persons employed from time to time to provide specialized advice and service;

— looking at the accident book to learn what had previously resulted in accidents or near misses.

The manager identified and noted the hazards, who could be harmed by them and how accidents could happen.

The manager finally noted what was already being done to control the risks and considered whether any further action was required. Any further action required was also noted down.

Putting the risk assessment into practice, the manager set out what actions needed to be taken, who would do them and by when.

The results of the risk assessment were then provided for all staff and discussed with them to make sure they all understood the risk assessment.

The manager decided to review the risk assessment whenever there were any significant changes such as new work activities or staff.

C.9 The risk assessment document – An example

Work has started off the risk assessment by including sample entries for common hazards to illustrate what is expected. Look at how this might apply to the pool, continue by identifying the hazards that are the real priorities in the appropriate case and complete the table to suit.

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Organization name:

What are the

hazards?

Who might be harmed and how?

What is already being doing?

Are other means need

to do anything else

to manage this risk?

Action by whom?

Action by when?

Done

Pool overloading

Pool users may be at risk from drowning and collisions

The capacity of the pool has been calculated based upon areas of water, type of activities and supervision levels required. The number of pool users for each type of use are known and controlled at reception to ensure they are not exceeded

Monitor to ensure that occupancy levels are maintained as set and review when necessary through incidents or circumstances

Manager and all supervision and reception staff

01/10/2014 01/10/2014

Slips and trips

Staff and visitors may be injured if they trip over objects or slip on wet or poorly maintained slippery areas

We carry out general good housekeeping. All areas are well lit including stairs. There are no trailing leads or cables. Staff keeps work areas clear, e.g. no boxes left in walkways, deliveries stored immediately, offices cleaned each evening. All wet floor areas are well maintained to ensure hygiene and no build-up of contaminants that could cause slippery surfaces

Better housekeeping is needed in changing and shower areas where soaps and detergents may be used

All staff, supervisor to monitor

01/10/2010 01/10/2010

Employers with five or more employees shall have a written health and safety policy and risk assessment.

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It is important to discuss the assessment and proposed actions with staff or their representatives.

The risk assessment shall be reviews if concerns are raised that it might no longer be valid, e.g. following an accident in the workplace, or if there are any significant changes to the hazards in the workplace, such as new equipment or work activities.

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Annex D (informative)

Samples of accident recording form

D.1 Sample of accident recording form from the Netherlands Accident form

Mark there the exact location of the injuries

For small (plaster list) accidents at least fill in the marked fields Name of the injured person Address City First aid by (person) Further treatment by Insurance company Necessary further assistance ⎕ First aid in swimming pool ⎕ Hospital ⎕ (Family) doctor Date of birth or age of the injured person

M/F

Swim experience or level Date of accident: Personal circumstances (e.g. illness)

Time of accident:

Activity during accident Exercise / Aquaholics / Recreational/ Location of the accident Reason for the accident ⎕ Spraining

⎕ Fall at even level (e.g. slipping), namely ⎕ Fall at different level (e.g. stairs), namely ⎕ Collision with another person ⎕ Collision with an object (e.g. ball, column, pool bottom): ⎕ Overburdening ⎕ Drowning ⎕ Entangled or sucked

Involved products ⎕ Water slide ⎕ Diving board ⎕ Waves ⎕ Type of the injuries ⎕ Spraining ⎕ Fracture ⎕ Superficial ⎕ Open wound Location of the injuries ⎕ Head ⎕ Eye ⎕ Nose ⎕ Mouth ⎕ Skull

⎕ Ear ⎕ Chin ⎕ Body ⎕ Back ⎕ Breast ⎕ Collar bone

⎕ Stomach / belly ⎕ Hip ⎕ Arm ⎕ Shoulder ⎕ Upper arm ⎕ Elbow

⎕ Fore-arm ⎕ Leg ⎕ Upper leg ⎕ Knee ⎕ Lower leg

⎕ Feed ⎕ Other / unknown

Kind of injure ⎕ Small (Plaster list) ⎕ Serious (Accident register) Actions undertaken related to the reason of the accident

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

When possible: Mark the exact location of the accident on the backside of this form (on a floor plan or sketch)

Figure D.1 — Sample of accident recording form from the Netherlands

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D.2 Sample of accident report form from United Kingdom

ACCIDENT FORM (Public Only)

To be completed by the duty manager for all accidents to members of the public

Distribution:

1. Centre copy

2. Personnel dept. for Health and Safety Officer

3. Contract manager

NUMBER:

1. Centre: Date: Time:

2. Name of Injured Person: 3. Age (if under 18):

Address:

Telephone No. Gender:M □ F □

4. Exact Location of Accident and Activity partaking:

5. Details of Accident (Show location if in pool on reverse):

6. Apparent Injuries (use manikin on reverse):

7. Treatment Given: By Whom:

8. Was an Ambulance Required? YES/NO

9. For under 18’s — were parents informed? YES/NO

10. Did the injured person resume activities? YES/NO

11. Witnesses: Name Address Telephone No.

Name Address Telephone No.

12.This block shall be signed by the Duty Manager on duty at the time of the accident Name Signature Date Time If as a result of an accident any member of the public is taken to hospital by whatever means then the Health and Safety Officer shall be informed as soon as possible but no later than within 24 h.

13.RIDDOR Report required: YES/NO If Yes Date and Time HSE Telephoned Date F2508 Raised Dispatched Signature Date To be completed by the Manager

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TEACHING POOL FRONT

Shallow End BACK

Deep End [1] MAIN POOL

Figure D.2 — Sample of accident report form from United Kingdom

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[18] EN 13451-5, Swimming pool equipment — Part 5: Additional specific safety requirements and test methods for lane lines and dividing line

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[20] EN 13451-7, Swimming pool equipment — Part 7: Additional specific safety requirements and test methods for water polo goals

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[41] Directive 2003/10/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 February 2003 on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (noise) (Seventeenth individual Directive within the meaning of Article 16 (1) of Directive 89/391/EEC)

[42] Bundesfachverband öffentliche Bäder e. V.: Betriebshandbuch Bäder, 2001

[43] Bundesverband der Unfallkassen: GUV-R 1/111 Sicherheitsregeln für Bäder, 1984

[44] Bureau Suisse de Prévention des Accidents (bpa): Bains publics — Recommandations de sécurité pour le projet, la construction et l’exploitation

[45] Deutsche Gesellschaft für das Badewesen (DGfdB): R 94.06 Blitzschutz für Bäder und Badebetrieb bei Gewitter, 2016

[46] Health and Safety Executive (HSE): Managing Health and Safety in Swimming Pools, 2018

[47] Pool Water Treatment Advisory Group (PWTAG): Swimming pool water, 2017

[48] ISO Guide 51:2014, Safety aspects — Guidelines for their inclusion in standards

DS/EN 15288-2:2018



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Offentlige svï¿½mmebadsanlï¿½g – Del 2: Driftsmï¿½ssige … · 2019. 1. 4. · EN 15288-2:2018 (E) 5 European foreword This document (EN 15288-2:2018) has been prepared