Upload
others
View
1
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
Office of Naval Research –
Global
Commander Blake McBride, USN
Associate Director,
Meteorology/Oceanography and
Arctic Technologies
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
ONR Global Mission
Discovering the Best Science
• Innovative fundamental research
• Help shape future Naval investments and strategies
• Leveraging great minds globally with positive engagement
• Supporting the Sailors & Marines of today and tomorrow
Science & Technology Collaborations
• Advancement of mutual beneficial science
• Supports Theater Security Cooperation goals
• Relevance to USN/USMC programs is a key factor
Maintain Global Technical Awareness
• Support preventing technological surprise
• Fundamental research is most transparent
• Contributing open source data to Global Technology Awareness
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
ONRG Associate Directors
ONRG-Santiago
ONRG-London
Technical Director
Executive Officer
ONRG-Tokyo
ONRG-Singapore
Commanding Officer
ONRG-Prague
3
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
ONR Global
International Science Tools
Collaborative Support Program (CSP)
– Support international workshops, conferences, etc…
Liaison Visits
– ONRG technical staff visit international institutions to develop access and discover cutting edge S&T
Visiting Scientist Program (VSP)
– Support travel of foreign scientists to the U.S. to socialize new S&T ideas with researchers
Naval International Cooperative Opportunities Programs (NICOP)
– Support innovative, international S&T
– Research Grant
CSP
Liaison Visit
VSPNICOP
Proposal
NICOP
ONRG provides seed
funding for innovative
research
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
ONR Global Recent NICOPs
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
Tsunami Ionospheric warning and Ionospheric
seismology [NICOP # N13-XX)
Grant Country: France
International Researcher: Pr. Philippe Lognonne
ONR Program Manager: Dr. Scott Budzien, Code 322
ONRG Associate Director: CDR Blake McBride
YEAR
FY13
($k) FY14 ($k) FY15($k) FY16($k)
US Int’l US Int’l US Int’l US Int’l
ONRG
NICOP 35 25 25 25
U.S. (ONR,
NRL, other) 248 0 213 0 73.9 0 36
foreign 0 189 0 126.4 0 63.5 63.5
Total Funding
for Project 248 224 213 151.3 72.9 88.5 36 88.5
Objectives
Participants
1. To demonstrate that a tsunami oceanic
uplift can be retrieved from the
ionospheric data
2. To demonstrate that the coupling physics
and coupling parameters can be inverted
from the joint data set of surface drivers
(e.g., tsunami or seismic signals) and
ionospheric perturbations. Scintillation in the ionosphere caused by major earthquakes can be connected through
modeling methods to produce techniques for early detection of tsunamis.
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
A Coastal South Asian Aerosol and
Satellite Verification Assessment
S&T Research Goals
• Conduct observations and analysis of aerosol
parameters on Bhola Island in Bangladesh to
improve aerosol forecasting in the Indian
Subcontinent region.
Participants
• Grant Country: Bangladesh
• NRL Primary Investigator: Dr. Jeffrey S. Reid
• International Researcher: Dr. Abdus Salam, University
of Dhaka
• ONRG Associate Director: CDR Blake McBride
YEAR
FY13 FY14 FY15
US Int'l US Int'l US Int'l
ONRG NICOP $38.6K 0 0
ONRHQ 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other (NRL,
NASA) $33K 0 $8K 0 $8K 0
Bangladesh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total Funding for
Project $33K $38.6K $8K 0 $8K 0
Figure: An (a) afternoon and (b) following
morning MODIS true color image of
Bangladesh during a severe air pollution
event in the January 20-21, 2011 timeframe.
Note increase in regional haze over the
littoral zones with reduced fidelity of delta
features. Ed dos indicate satellite detected
fires.
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
AN ARCTIC ICE/OCEAN COUPLED MODEL WITH WAVE INTERACTIONS
(N13-XX)
S&T Research Goals
• Support the ONR DRI on Sea State and Boundary Layer
Physics of the Emerging Arctic Ocean by focusing on the
improvement of wave scattering methodologies used in
integrated Arctic system models.
• Study will develop techniques to embed two-dimensional
wave-ice interactions into contemporary Arctic ice/ocean
models.
Participants
• Grant Country: Norway
• ONR Program Manager: Dr. Martin Jeffries, Code 32
• International Researcher: Dr. Timothy Williams,
Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center
(NERSC)
• ONRG Associate Director: CDR Blake McBride
YEAR
FY13 ($K) FY14 ($K)
US Int'l US Int'l
ONRG NICOP XXX XXX
ONRHQ 186.14 161.43 268.13 170.83
U.S Other (NRL, NASA) 0 0 0 0
International 0 0 0 0
Total Funding for Project 186.14 222.51 268.13 228.17
Figure: Advection and attenuation of ocean waves as they travel into the ice and the resultant
ice breaking. The top left, top right and lower left figures show Hs, the significant wave height,
at three subsequent time intervals (about 2.2 h apart). The solid black lines represent the ice
edge and the dashed lines the proposed edge of the MIZ. The bottom right figure shows the
maximum floe size after all the waves have traveled into the ice.
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
ONR Global
Success Stories
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
Graphene
ONR - ONR GlobalInnovation
• Graphene is a single-atom-thick sheet of carbon
atoms arrayed in a honeycomb pattern.
• Strongest material ever discovered, yet flexible and
conducts electricity better than silicon. Heat resistant.
• Can serve as platform for observing fundamental
particle behavior.
History of Development• Research team led by Dr. Andre Geim, University of
Manchester, who conducted the first significant experiments on
graphene.
• Dr. Chagaan Baatar (ONR, Code 31) and Dr. John Zimmerman
(ONRG Associate Director) arranged a NICOP in 2007 to fund
Dr. Geim’s development of graphene-based transistors.
• NICOP built on work which Dr. Baatar had previously
supported with Dr. Geim.
Results
• Dr. Geim won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010 for
his research on graphene.
• Research accelerated to the point where laboratories
can mass-produce graphene sheets.
• Could revolutionize the electronics, aerospace and
automotive industries.
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
Gene Therapy Restores Sight in Mice
ONR - ONR Global
Innovation
• Retinitis pigmentosa causes tunnel vision and night
blindness.
• Affects rods, light-sensitive cells concentrated in outer
retina that enable night and peripheral vision.
• Using virus already approved for human gene
therapy, researchers inserted a gene into cone-cell
DNA.
History of Development• Research team led by Dr. Botond Roska, Friedrich Miescher
Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
• ONRG Associate Director, Dr. James Frank, supported Dr.
Roska’s original research with a 3-year NICOP for FY2006-09.
• Support from ONR,Code 34, Drs. Joel Davis and Thomas
McKenna.
• Roska’s work restored sight to blind mice in 2010.
Results
• This technology is a powerful tool for visual circuit
analysis to enable new algorithms and architectures
for visual navigation and automatic target recognition.
• Next step is expected to be human trials.
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
The Arctic
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
Antrarctic Max vs Arctic Min Trends
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
Sea Ice Decline
15
2011 Arctic Ice extent
~ 2007’s record low
2011 Arctic Ice volume
= Record Low
Arctic Sea Ice Extent Arctic Sea Ice Volume
[Source: NISIDC, Univ Washington APL]
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited 16
2012 Arctic Ice extent
RECORD LOW
Arctic Sea Ice Extent
[Source: NISIDC, NASA]
2012 Arctic CycloneMODIS Photo: 6 Aug 2012
Sea Ice Decline
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
Sea Ice Extent - Comparison
17[Source: NISIDC]
2007 – Dark Grey
2012 – White
2012 – Sea Ice Extent
- 1979-2000 Median
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
A younger, thinner ice cover
Sea Ice Age and Thickness
18[Source: NSIDC, Univ of Colorado]
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
Future of the
Northern Sea Route (NSR)
19[Source: YAMAL LNG]
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited 20
Two Arctics
RUSSIANORWAY
RUSSIA U.S.
“High North”
Tromsø, Norway
Barrow, Alaska
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited 21
More Interagency Collaboration
Earth System Prediction Capability
ONR Initiatives
Arctic & Global Prediction Program
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
Program Focus Areas1. Develop fully-coupled ocean-wave-ice-atmosphere models with sufficient resolution to represent processes,
and which assimilate in situ and remotely-sensed observations, to improve forecasting and prediction of the
Arctic operational environment.
2. Improve understanding of the Arctic environment and processes to enable more accurate representation in
models, leading to improved forecasts and predictions.
3. Develop an observing system to make sustained observations that can provide long-term monitoring, further
scientific understanding and constrain the models.
Arctic & Global Prediction Program
Department Research Initiatives (DRIs)1. “Emerging Dynamics of the Marginal Ice Zone”
• A 5-year Department Research Initiative (DRI), FY12-FY16.
• Main field experiment in spring-summer-early autumn 2014 in the Beaufort Sea.
• Deploy acoustic navigation and communication array, under-ice gliders and floats,
ice-tethered profilers, ice mass balance buoys, wave buoys on ice and in open water.
• Anticipate use of ice camp, aircraft and vessel[s]
(opportunity, shared charter, not dedicated).
2. “Sea State and Boundary Layer Physics of the Emerging Arctic Ocean”
• A 5-year, $9M Department Research Initiative (DRI), FY13-FY17.
• Call for planning letters released mid-February 2012.
• Main field experiment in spring-summer-early autumn 2015 in the Beaufort
and Chukchi seas.
• Anticipate needing a vessel[s] for deployment of moorings, and wave buoys
in open water and in marginal ice zone.
Bering Sea (Source: I.L. Jones,
Memorial Univ. of Newfoundland)
Source: Tim Haskell, IRL, NZ
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
The objectives of the Sea State DRI are:
1. Develop a sea state climatology, identify factors affecting the spatial and
temporal variability of sea state, and improve forecasting of waves on the
open ocean and in the marginal ice zone;
2. Develop a climatology of and improve theory of wave attenuation/scattering in
the sea ice cover;
3. Use wave scattering theory directly in integrated Arctic system models, and
indirectly to define an ice rheology for use in Arctic system models; and
4. Understand the physics of heat and mass transfer from the ocean to the
atmosphere, and the seasonal variability of fluxes during summer ice retreat
and autumn ice advance.
Arctic & Global Prediction Program
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
• Predict and Monitor Topside Ice Accumulation
• Cold Climate Coatings
• Mitigate Effects of Sea Ice Impacts & Ice
Loading
• Cold Climate Energy Storage & Alternate Fuels
• Safety of Navigation
• Launch & Recovery
• Environmental Regulation Compliance
Challenges: Areas of Interest
Distribution A: Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited
Summary
– Explore Opportunities
• Collaborative Support Program (CSP)
• Visiting Scientist Program (VSP)
• Naval International Cooperative Opportunities Programs (NICOP)
– Scientific/Engineering “Best Practices”
• Examples:
– Materials (SLIPS – “Ice Teflon”)
– Logistics (fuel transport)…
– Polar Tele-connections
• Examples: Sea ice growth rates, Patterns/Oscillations…
– Planning – Optimized Field Opportunities
• MIZ DRI (2014), Sea State DRI (2015), AODS, etc…
http://www.onr.navy.mil/en/Science-Technology/ONR-Global.aspx