of]Uotf lgikIftf :jR5tf · 2021. 1. 5. · sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z!= lj1fkg ljleGg ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ lgsfox¿af6 l/Qm kbk"lt{sf nflu cfof]udf dfu eP cg'¿k cfof]usf]] jflif{s sfo{tflnsfdf

jflif{s k|ltj]bg-@)&^ >fj0f – @)&& cfiff9_

Ps;ÝLcf}“

nf]s ;]jf cfof]ucgfdgu/, sf7df8f}+, g]kfn

http://www.psc.gov.np

nf]s

;]jf c

fof]u

sf] Ps

;ÝLc

f}““ jflif{s k

|ltj]b

g @)&&

of]UotflgikIftf:jR5tf

jflif{s k|ltj]bg-@)&^ >fj0f – @)&& cfiff9_

Ps;ÝLcf}“

nf]s ;]jf cfof]ucgfdgu/, sf7df8f}+, g]kfn

http://www.psc.gov.np

of]UotflgikIftf:jR5tf

nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, g]kfn

;Dks{nf]s ;]jf cfof]u

7]ufgfcgfdgu/, sf7df8f}+, g]kfn

6]lnkmf]g))–(&&–!–$&&!$**))–(&&–!–$&&!$($))–(&&–!–$&&!%@*))–(&&–!–$&&!#%%

km\ofS;))–(&&–!–$&&!$()

Od][email protected]

j]a;fO6http://www.psc.gov.np

;fdflhs ;~hfnfacebook.com/hello.psc

df]jfOn PlKns]zgPSC Nepal

ISBN : 978-9937-0-7767-5

g]kfnsf] ;++ljwfgsf] wf/f @($ adf]lhd ;DdfggLo /fi6«klt ;dIf k|:t't ul/Psf]

nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] Ps;ÝLcf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg

o; k|ltj]bgdf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf]@)&^ ;fpg ! b]lv @)&& c;f/ #! ;Ddsf

sfd sf/jfxLx¿ ;d]l6Psf 5g\ .

nf]s ;]jf cfof]ucgfdgu/, sf7df8f}+

ldltM– @)&&.)(.!^

ljifo M cfof]usf] Ps;èLcf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't ul/Psf] .

;DdfggLo /fi6«kltHo",/fi6«kltsf] sfof{nolztn lgjf;, sf7df8f}+ .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] efu @#, wf/f @($ adf]lhd nf]s ;]jf cfof]un] cfly{s jif{ @)&^÷)&& df ;Dkfbg u/]sf sfd–sf/jfxLx¿sf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

ejbLo,

-pd]z k|;fb d}gfnL_ cWoIf

-laGb|f xf8f e§/fO{_ -czf]s s'df/ emf_ ;b:o ;b:o

-a|xd b]j /fo_ -s[i0f rGb| emf_ ;b:o ;b:o

-ch'{g k|;fb kf]v/]n_ ;lrj

nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf kbflwsf/Lx¿

pd]z k|;fb d}gfnLcWoIf

laGb|f xf8f -e§/fO{_;b:o

czf]s s'df/ emf;b:o

a|xd b]j /fo;b:o

s[i0f rGb| emf;b:o

ch'{g k|;fb kf]v/]n;lrj

wGojfb 1fkg

cfof]usf] sfo{;Dkfbgsf nflu cfjZos ;|f]t ;fwg tyf ;xof]u pknAw u/fPsf]df g]kfn ;/sf/ k|lt cfof]u wGojfb 1fkg ub{5 .

k/LIff ;~rfngsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ kf7\oqmd tyf k|Zgkq tof/L, pQ/k'l:tsf k/LIf0f, cGtjf{tf{ nufotsf sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' x'g] ljleGg ljwfsf bIf Pj+ lj1, k/LIff ;~rfngdf cfjZos kg]{ ejg pknAw u/fpg] ;Da4 SofDk;, ljBfno tyf cfof]usf] sfo{;Dkfbgdf k|ToIf÷ck|ToIf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' x'g] dxfg'efjx¿df cfof]u xflb{s cfef/ JoQm ub{5 .

o; Ps;ÝLcf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ sfo{df ;+nUg cfof]usf ;lrj nufot ;Dk"0f{ sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ cfof]u wGojfb 1fkg ub{5 .

P]ltxfl;s 36gfqmd

@))* cfiff9 !M

klAns ;le{; sldzg :yfkgf efb| !*M

klxnf] k6s lj1fkg -^ j6f kbsf nflu_

@)!@ kf]i6–Uo|fh'P6÷Uo|fh'P6 clkm;/

5gf}6 ;'¿

@)!^ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] klxnf]

k|ltj]bg

@)!&nf]s ;]jf cfof]u lgnDag

-@)!& df3 @% b]lv @)!* h]i7 d;fGt;Dd_

@)@#;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] kbk"lt{sf]

lhDd]jf/L

@)$# ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgsf] sd{rf/L egf{ ;DaGwL ;fdfGo l;4fGt

-clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg_

@)$& nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf]

clwsf/ If]q lghfdtL ;]jfdf dfq ;Lldt

@)^#¨ ;''/Iff lgsfox¿df lgo'lQm / a9'jfsf ;fdfGo

l;4fGtsf ljifodf k/fdz{ lbg] lhDd]jf/L¨ ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] ‘rfx]df’ kbk"lt{ / ljefuLo sf/jfxLsf

ljifodf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng;Sg] Joj:yf

@)^( clK6sn dfs{ l/8/ (OMR) k|ljlwaf6 j:t'ut ax'pQ/ pQ/k'l:tsf k/LIf0f

;'¿ -@)^( ebf} &_

@)&! ljB'tLo k|0ffnLaf6

b/vf:t ;+sng cf/De-@)&! r}q @#_

@)&@ g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg åf/f ;'/Iff lgsfo / ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf kbdf kbk"lt{sf] nflu

lnlvt k/LIff ;~rfng ug]{ lhDd]jf/L yk

@)&@ pQ/k'l:tsfsf] bf]xf]/f] k/LIf0f ;'¿ -/f=k= k|yd >]0fL / låtLo >]0fL jf

;f] ;/x -@)&@ k'if ^_

@) P;]:d]G6 ;]G6/ d]yf]8f]nf]hL (ACM)

k/LIf0f k|ljlwsf] ;'?jft -;x;lrj jf ;f] ;/x kbsf] kf7\oqmddf

dfldnf ljZn]if0f, k|:t'tLs/0f cflb ;dfj]z_

@)&% /f=k= låtLo >]0fL pk;lrj

ck|fljlws kbdf (In Basket Exercise)

k/LIf0f ;'?jft

@)&^ Ps} k6s (!^! kbsf nflu

:yfgLo txsf] lj1fkg k|sfzg -@)&^ h]7 !%_

sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z

!= lj1fkg

ljleGg ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ lgsfox¿af6 l/Qm kbk"lt{sf nflu cfof]udf dfu eP cg'¿k cfof]usf]] jflif{s sfo{tflnsfdf lgwf{l/t ;dofjlw leq} s'n $ xhf/ & ;o %$ kbsf] lj1fkgsf nflu k|ltzt lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 . k|ltj]bg cjlwdf ^ ;o *$ j6f a9'jf ;"rgf, (@ j6f cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTds lj1fkg, ! ;o %& j6f v'nf k|ltof]lutfTds lj1fkg / # ;o #$ j6f ljleGg ;dfj]zL ;d"xsf lj1fkg u/L hDdf ! xhf/ @ ;o ^& j6f lj1fkg÷;"rgfx¿ k|sfzg ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm lj1fkgaf6 a9'jf tkm{ ! xhf/ * ;o $) kb, cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutf tkm{ # ;o !) kb, v'nf k|ltof]lutf tkm{ ! xhf/ $ ;o #^ kb tyf dlxnf, cflbjf;L÷hghflt, dw];L, blnt, ckf· / lk5l8Psf] If]qsf ;dfj]zL k|ltof]lutf tkm{ hDdf ! xhf/ ! ;o ^* kb u/L s'n $ xhf/ & ;o %$ kbsf nflu b/vf:t dfu ul/Psf] lyof] . -kl/R5]b %_

@= b/vf:t

cf=j= @)&^÷&& sf] cjlwdf k|sflzt lj1fkgsf nflu cfof]udf /fhkqf+lst kbx¿df sfo{Ifdtf tyf Ho]i7tfaf6 x'g] a9'jf ;"rgf tkm{ $ xhf/ & / cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutf tyf v'nf lj1fkg tkm{ cgnfO{g b/vf:t k|0ffnLdf $ nfv %! xhf/ % ;o @^ u/L s'n $ nfv %% xhf/ % ;o ## b/vf:t k|fKt ePsf 5g\ .

ut jif{ h:t} o; cjlwdf klg g]kfnsf && j6} lhNnfsf pDd]bjf/x¿n] b/vf:t lbPsf 5g\ . ;a}eGbf a9L b/vf:t kg]{ % lhNnfdf ;Kt/L, ;nf{xL, wg'iff, l;/fxf / s}nfnL /x]sf 5g\ . ;a}eGbf Go"g

I

;+3 :yfgLo tx

lj1fkg b/vf:t l;kmfl/;

II

b/vf:t kg]{ lhNnfdf qmdzM dgfª, d':tfª, /;'jf, 8f]Nkf / d'u' /x]sf 5g\ . k|b]z g+= @ af6 ;a}eGbf a9L / s0ff{nL k|b]zaf6 ;a}eGbf Go"g ;+Vofdf b/vf:t k/]sf 5g\ . cfof]uaf6 k|sflzt lj1fkg dWo] @* j6f lj1fkgdf s'g} klg b/vf:t k/]gg\ . -kl/R5]b %_

#= k/LIff

lj1flkt kbdf pko'Qm pDd]bjf/ 5gf}6 ug{sf nflu cfof]uaf6 lghfdtL ;]jf / :yfgLo ;]jf tkm{sf kbsf nflu s'n ! xhf/ @ ;]6, ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf ljleGg kbx¿sf nflu @ xhf/ ! ;o *^ ;]6 / lhNnf GofofwLzsf nflu !* ;]6 kl/dflh{t k|Zgkq tof/ u/L k/LIff ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 . lghfdtL ;]jf tkm{ lj1fkg ul/Psf cfGtl/s, v'nf / ;dfj]zL k|ltof]lutfsf % ;o *# lj1fkgaf6 s'n @ xhf/ ( ;o !$ kbsf nflu k/LIff ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm k/LIffx?df #% xhf/ * ;o ^^ dlxnf / %& xhf/ ! ;o $^ k'?if u/L s'n (# xhf/ !@ hgf k/LIffyL{x? ;lDdlnt ePsf lyP .

w]/} ;+Vofdf b/vf:t kg]{ zfvf clws[t, gfoa ;'Aaf / vl/bf/ jf ;f] ;/xsf kbsf nflu lnOPsf] k|yd r/0fsf k/LIffaf6 !*=@Ü pDd]bjf/ dfq bf];|f] r/0fsf k/LIffsf nflu 5gf}6 ePsf 5g\ . k|ltj]bg cjlwdf k|sflzt lj1fkgdWo] * j6f lj1fkg -s'n !@ kb_ sf nflu ;~rflnt k/LIffdf s'g}klg pDd]bjf/ pQL0f{ x'g ;s]gg\ . To:t} * ;o *& kbsf nflu ePsf ljleGg #$ j6f lj1fkgdf dfu eP eGbf Go"g ;+Vofdf -^ ;o @$ hgf_ dfq pDd]bjf/ pQL0f{ ePsf 5g\ . k/LIffdf clgoldttf ug]{ !# hgf dlxnf / ^% hgf k'?if u/L hDdf &* hgf pDd]bjf/x? sf/jfxLdf k/]sf 5g\ . -kl/R5]b ^_

$= pQ/k'l:tsf ;+s]tLs/0f / k/LIf0f

k|ltj]bg cjlwdf lghfdtL ;]jftk{m ! nfv & xhf/ ^ ;o #@ / ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yftk{m $ nfv ^$ xhf/ * ;o ## u/L cfof]uaf6 s'n % nfv &@ xhf/ $ ;o ^% pQ/k'l:tsfx¿ ;ª\s]lts/0f u/L ;f]sf] pQ/ v08 / ljj/0f v08 5'6\ofO{ lj1x?af6 k/LIf0f ePsf 5g\ . pQm dWo] # nfv !* xhf/ % ;o *@ j:t'ut ax'pQ/ pQ/k'l:tsfx¿ OMR k|ljlwaf6 k/LIf0f ul/Psf] 5 . -kl/R5]b ^_

%= cGtjf{tf{ / l;kmfl/;

k|ltj]bg cjlwdf lghfdtL ;]jf tkm{ ^* j6f lhNnfx?af6 s'n # ;o $ hgf pDd]bjf/x¿ :yfoL lgo'lQmsf nflu l;kmfl/; ePsf 5g\ . h;df dlxnf %^ hgf / k'?if @ ;o $* hgf /x]sf 5g\ . ;a}eGbf a9L pDd]bjf/ l;kmfl/; x'g] lhNnfdf qmdzM wg'iff, c3f{vfFrL, emfkf, ;nf{xL / s}nfnL /x]sf 5g\ . k|b]z g+= % af6 ;a}eGbf a9L ^! hgf / ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zaf6 ;a}eGbf sd #) hgf pDd]bjf/ l;kmfl/; ePsf 5g\ . ut cfly{s jif{df h:t} l;kmfl/; x'g] pDd]bjf/x¿sf] cf};t pd]/ @( jif{ /x]sf] 5 . ljZjJofkL ?kdf km}lnPsf] sf]le8–!( sf sf/0f lnlvt k/LIff ;DkGg ePsf lj1fkgx?sf] pQ/k'l:tsf k/LIf0f x'g g;s]sf] / /f=k=t[tLo / /f=k=cg+= >]0fLsf w]/} kbx?sf] lnlvt k/LIff g} x'g g;s]sf sf/0f o; jif{ l;kmfl/; Go"g ;+Vofdf ePsf] xf] .-kl/R5]b &_

^= ;fj{hlgs ;]jfdf ;dfj]zL kbk"lt{

k|ltj]bg cjlwdf ^ ;dfj]zL ;d"xsf s'n ! xhf/ ! ;o ^* kbsf nflu lj1fkg ul/Psf] 5 . ;dfj]zL lj1fkgaf6 o; cjlwdf s'n ! ;o # pDd]bjf/ :yfoL lgo'lQmsf nflu l;kmfl/; ePsf 5g\, h;df dlxnf tkm{ #(, cflbjf;L÷hghflt tkm{ @^, dw];L tkm{ @$, blnt tkm{ &, ckf· tkm{ # / lk5l8Psf] If]q tkm{ $ hgf pDd]bjf/ l;kmfl/; ePsf 5g\ . k|ltj]bg cjlw ;lxt clGtd !# jif{df ;a} ;dfj]zL ;d"xaf6 s'n @! xhf/ ^ ;o $( hgf pDd]bjf/x¿ :yfoL lgo'lQmsf nflu l;kmfl/; ePsf 5g\ . cf=j= @)&^÷&& df dlxnf, cf=h=, dw];L / blnt ;dfj]zL ;d"xsf pDd]bjf/x¿ v'nf lj1fkgtkm{sf k|lt:kwf{df ;d]t l;kmfl/; ePsf 5g\ . -kl/R5]b *_

&= ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] kbk"lt{ ;d"x

cf=j= @)÷&$ b]lvg} k|ltj]bg cjlwdf cfof]uaf6 $ j6f ;'/Iff lgsfo / @( j6f ;+ul7t ;+:yfx?sf @) xhf/ # ;o &! kbx¿df kbk"lt{sf nflu lj1fkg k|sfzg ug]{ ;xdlt k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . o; cjlwdf ut cf=j= df ;xdlt k|bfg ul/Psf ;lxt s'n @& j6f lgsfosf ljleGg lj1fkgsf nflu lnlvt k/LIffdf $! xhf/ * ;o @$ dlxnf / &$ xhf/ $ ;o k'?if u/L hDdf ! nfv !^ xhf/ @ ;o (& -%$=@ k|ltzt_ ;xefuL eO{ % xhf/ % ;o @ dlxnf / !@ xhf/ % ;o $& k'?if u/L !* xhf/ $( pDd]bjf/x¿ cGtjf{tf{sf nflu 5gf}6 ePsf 5g\ . -kl/R5]b (_

*= :yfgLo txsf] kbk"lt{

;+3Lo zf;g cg'?k ut cf=j=df lj1flkt ljleGg :yfgLo txsf s'n ( xhf/ ! ;o ^! kbsf nflu o; cjlwdf lnlvt k/LIffb]lv l;kmfl/;;Ddsf sfo{x? ;Dkfbg ePsf 5g\ . k|yd r/0fsf] lnlvt k/LIffdf ! nfv !% xhf/ @ ;o @# dlxnf / (& xhf/ $ ;o $^ k'?if u/L s'n @ nfv !@ xhf/ ^ ;o ^( pDd]bjf/ ;lDdlnt ePsf 5g\ eg] $@ xhf/ ^! -!(=* k|ltzt_ pDd]bjf/x? bf];|f] r/0fsf] k/LIffsf] nflu 5gf}6 ePsf 5g\ / ;a} k/LIffx?df s'n # nfv ^ xhf/ # ;o !( hgf ;lDdlnt ePsf 5g\ .

o;} u/L lnlvt k/LIffaf6 ^ xhf/ #& dlxnf / !@ xhf/ ! ;o ^& k'?if u/L s'n !* xhf/ @ ;o $ hgf cGtjf{tf{sf nflu 5gf}6 ePsf 5g\ eg] @ xhf/ $ ;o ($ dlxnf / ^ xhf/ ! ;o $% k'?if u/L s'n * xhf/ ^ ;o #( cyf{t ($=# k|ltzt pDd]bjf/x? :yfoL lgo'lQmsf nflu l;kmfl/; ePsf 5g\ . -kl/R5]b (s_

(= k/fdz{

k|ltj]bg cjlwdf sd{rf/L ;]jf zt{ ;DaGwL sfg"g, ljefuLo ;hfo cflb ljifodf cfof]uaf6 %^ j6f a}7s dfkm{t sd{rf/L ;]jf zt{ ;DaGwL @& j6f k/fdz{ / #$ hgf sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo ;hfo ug]{ k/fdz{ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . -kl/R5]b # / !)_

III

!)= kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f / kl/dfh{g

k|ltj]bg cjlwdf :yfgLo txsf clws[t :t/sf & j6f kbsf gofF kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ . ;fy} lghfdtL ;]jfsf clws[t:t/sf !% j6f / ;xfos :t/sf] ! u/L s'n !^ kbsf kf7\oqmd kl/dfh{g ePsf 5g\ . -kl/R5]b $_

!!= sfo{;Dkfbgsf cfwf/

;+ljwfgk||bQ sfd÷st{Jo÷clwsf/ Pj+ ;f] sf] k||rngsf nflu lgld{t ljleGg sfg"gx¿sf] cfwf/df cfof]un] sfo{;Dkfbg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgf Pj+ ljleGg sfo{ljlwx¿ to ub{} cfof]un] of]Uotf, :jR5tf, lgikIftf, ;dfg cj;/, uf]kgLotf / ;dfj]lztf nufotsf ljleGg l;4fGt cfTd;ft\ u/L ;+u7gfTds p2]Zo k||flKtdf u'0f:t/Lotf / ljZj;gLotf ;'lglZrt u/]sf] 5 . -kl/R5]b @_

!@= ;'wf/ / gjk|jt{g

cfof]un] cfÇgf] lqjifL{o /0fgLlts of]hgf -@)&%÷&^–@)&&÷&*_ sfof{Gjogdf NofPsf] 5 . ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;e]{If0f ;DkGg u/L cfof]usf] ;+/rgfnfO{ ablnPsf] /fHo ;+/rgf cg'¿k gofF :j¿k lbOPsf] 5 . pDd]bjf/sf] ;+1fgfTds kIfsf ;fy;fy} Jofjxfl/s Ifdtf k/LIf0f ug{ Assessment Center Methodology (ACM) cjnDag ug]{ qmddf In Basket Exercise k/LIf0f ljlw k|of]udf NofOPsf] 5 . dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{nosf] Revenue Management Information System (RMIS) ;Fu cfof]usf] cgnfO{g k|0ffnLnfO{ cfj4 ub}{ v'nf tyf cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutf tkm{sf lj1fkgdf b/vf:t b:t'/ cgnfO{g k|0ffnLaf6 dfq ;+sng ug]{ lg0f{o k"0f{ ?kdf sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] 5 . -kl/R5]b !!_

IV

ljifo–;"rLk]h g+=

sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z ........................................................................................................................................................... I-IV

kl/R5]b !

cfof]usf] u7g / sfo{If]q!=! P]ltxfl;s k[i7e"ld ...............................................................................!!=@ cfof]usf] u7g .................................................................................... #!=# sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ .......................................................................... #

!=#=! Gofo ;]jf ;DaGwL clwsf/ ..................................................................... $!=#=@ k|ltj]bg ........................................................................................... $

kl/R5]b @

cfof]usf] sfo{;Dkfbgsf cfwf/x¿@=! ;+:yfut k|aGw ........................................................................................%

@=!=! ;+ljwfg ........................................................................................... %@=!=@ sfg"gx¿ ......................................................................................... %

@=@ ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgf / sfo{If]q ......................................................................^@=# sfo{;Dkfbgsf l;4fGtx¿ ...........................................................................&@=$ sfo{;Dkfbg k|lqmof / sfo{k|jfx ....................................................................(

@=$=! jflif{s sfo{tflnsf .............................................................................. (@=$=@ lj1fkg k|sfzg ................................................................................ (@=$=# b/vf:t ;+sng ................................................................................. (@=$=$ lnlvt k/LIff ...................................................................................!!@=$=% pQ/k'l:tsf ;ª\s]lts/0f / k/LIf0f ..........................................................!!@=$=^ lnlvt k/LIff glthf, cGtjf{tf{ / l;kmfl/; ..................................................!!

@=% sfo{ljefhg / clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ................................................................ !!

kl/R5]b #

k|zf;lgs tyf ljQLo l:ylt#=! a}7s tyf lg0f{o ......................................................................................................................................................!&#=@ cfof]usf] b/aGbL / kbk"lt{ .................................................................................................................................!&#=# Ifdtf ljsf; .............................................................................................................................................................!*

#=$ lg/LIf0f ............................................................................................... !(#=% ah]6, lgsf;f / vr{ ................................................................................ !(#=^ /fh:j / w/f}6L .......................................................................................@)#=& lj1flkt kb;+Vof, b/vf:t / /fh:jsf] t'ngf .................................................... @!#=* a]?h' .................................................................................................. @!#=( ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yf tkm{sf] vr{......................................................@@

#=(=! Jooef/ / vr{ ug]{ tl/sf .....................................................................@@#=(=@ kbk"lt{ vr{ .......................................................................................@@

kl/R5]b $

k/LIf0f k|ljlw, z}lIfs of]Uotf / kf7\oqmd$=! k/LIf0f k|ljlw ........................................................................................@$$=@ z}lIfs of]Uotf / kf7\oqmd .........................................................................@%

$=@ =! z}lIfs of]Uotf ;DaGwdf pTkGg låljwf pk/ lg0f{o ...................................... @%$=@ =@ kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f / kl/dfh{g ..................................................................@&

$=# cGo sfo{x? ........................................................................................@(

kl/R5]b %

lj1fkg / b/vf:t%=! lghfdtL ;]jfsf] b/aGbL / kbk"lt{sf] cj:yf ..................................................... #!%=@ kbk"lt{ ;DaGwL jflif{s sfo{tflnsf ................................................................ ##%=# k|ltzt lgwf{/0f ...................................................................................... ##%=$ lj1fkg ............................................................................................... ##

%=$=! v'nf / ;dfj]zL ;d"xsf lj1fkg ............................................................ #$%=% b/vf:t ............................................................................................... #%

%=%=! ljut bz jif{df b/vf:tsf] k|j[lQ ............................................................#^%=%=@ lj1fkgsf] k|sf/ cg';f/ b/vf:tsf] juL{s/0f...............................................#&%=%=# >]0fL÷tx cg';f/ b/vf:tsf] juL{s/0f .......................................................#&%=%=$ clws b/vf:t k/]sf kbx¿ tyf k|ltkb cf};t b/vf:t ................................. #*%=%=% b/vf:tsf] ef}uf]lns juL{s/0f ............................................................... #*%=%=^ z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] cfwf/df b/vf:tsf] juL{s/0f ........................................... $!%=%=& pd]/ ;d"x cg';f/ b/vf:tsf] juL{s/0f..................................................... $#%=%=* /f]huf/Lsf] cj:yf ............................................................................. $$%=%=( hfthfltsf cfwf/df b/vf:tsf] juL{s/0f .................................................. $%%=%=!) wd{sf cfwf/df b/vf:tsf] juL{s/0f ...................................................... $&

%=%=!! dft[efiffsf cfwf/df b/vf:tsf] juL{s/0f ................................................. $*%=%=!@ j}jflxs l:ylt ................................................................................. $(%=%=!# b/vf:t gk/]sf kbx¿ ....................................................................... $(

kl/R5]b ^

k/LIff / k/LIf0f^=! k|Zgkq lgdf{0f / kl/dfh{g .........................................................................%)^=@ lnlvt k/LIff ....................................................................................... %!

^=@=! k|yd r/0fsf] k/LIff .................................................................... %!^=@=@ lnlvt k/LIff ;~rfng ................................................................%!^=@=# lnlvt k/LIffdf s'g} klg pDd]bjf/ ;lDdlnt gePsf lj1fkgx¿ ................%@^=@=$ lnlvt k/LIffdf clgoldttf ug]{ pDd]bjf/nfO{ ul/Psf] sf/jfxL .................%#

^=# pQ/k'l:tsf ;ª\s]lts/0f ...........................................................................%$^=$ pQ/k'l:tsf k/LIf0f .................................................................................%$^=% lnlvt k/LIffaf6 pDd]bjf/ 5gf}6 gePsf lj1fkgx¿ ..........................................%%^=^ k|of]ufTds k/LIff ....................................................................................%%^=& dfldnf cWoog tyf k|:t'tLs/0f ...................................................................%%^=* In Basket Exercise ..............................................................................%%

kl/R5]b &

cGtjf{tf{ / l;kmfl/;&=! cGtjf{tf{ .............................................................................................. %^&=@ l;kmfl/; .............................................................................................. %^

&=@=! lj1fkgsf] k|sf/sf cfwf/df juL{s/0f ...............................................%^&=@=@ ;]jfut juL{s/0f ........................................................................%&&=@=# >]0fL÷txsf cfwf/df juL{s/0f ........................................................%&&=@=$ ef}uf]lns juL{s/0f .....................................................................%*&=@=% afa'sf] z}lIfs cj:yf .................................................................. ^!&=@=^ cfdfsf] z}lIfs cj:yf ................................................................. ^@&=@=& cleefjssf] k]zf ....................................................................... ^@&=@=* pd]/ ;d"x cg';f/ juL{s/0f .......................................................... ^#&=@=( hftLut juL{s/0f ....................................................................... ^#&=@=!) wd{ ...................................................................................... ^%

&=@=!! j}jflxs l:ylt .......................................................................... ^%&=@=!@ clws[t :t/sf kbdf ;/sf/L ;]jf aflx/sf pDd]bjf/ l;kmfl/; ................ ^^&=@=!# lj1flkt kb;+VofeGbf sd ;+Vofdf l;kmfl/; ePsf lj1fkgx¿ ................. ^^

kl/R5]b *

;dfj]zL kbk"lt{*=! ;dfj]zL ;d"x tkm{ lj1fkg / b/vf:t ............................................................ ^&*=@ ;dfj]zL ;d"x tkm{ l;kmfl/; .......................................................................^*

*=@=! dlxnf ;d"xaf6 l;kmfl/; ..............................................................^**=@=@ cflbjf;L÷hghflt ;d"xaf6 l;kmfl/; ...............................................^(*=@=# dw];L ;d"xaf6 l;kmfl/; ..............................................................&)*=@=$ blnt ;d"xaf6 l;kmfl/; .............................................................. &!*=@=% ckf·tf ePsf ;d"xaf6 l;kmfl/; .................................................... &!*=@=^ lk5l8Psf] If]q ;d"xaf6 l;kmfl/; ....................................................&@

*=# v'nf lj1fkgdf ;dfj]zL ;d"xsf pDd]bjf/ l;kmfl/; ...........................................&@ *=#=! v'nf lj1fkg / ;DalGwt ;dfj]zL lj1fkgdf ;kmn pDd]bjf/sf] cg'kft .......*=$ kbsf] :t/ cg';f/ ;dfj]zL ;d"xsf pDd]bjf/ l;kmfl/;sf] cj:yf ...........................&^*=% ;dfj]zL kbk"lt{sf]] k|j[lQ ........................................................................... &^

kl/R5]b (

;'/Iff lgsfo / ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] kbk"lt{(=! ;fdfGo l;4fGt ......................................................................................&*(=@ k|ltlglwTj ............................................................................................&((=# ;xdlt k|bfg / lj1fkg ............................................................................&((=$ k/LIff ;~rfng .....................................................................................*)(=% glthf tof/L .........................................................................................*@(=^ glthf k|sfzg .......................................................................................*@

kl/R5]b (-s_

:yfgLo txsf] kbk"lt{(-s_! :yfgLo txsf] lnlvt k/LIff ...................................................................*%(-s_@ k|b]zut cfwf/df l;kmfl/;sf] cj:yf ........................................................*^(-s_# lj1fkg / l;kmfl/;sf] t'ngfTds ljj/0f .....................................................*&

(-s_$ lj1fkgsf] k|sf/ cg';f/ l;kmfl/;sf] ljj/0f .................................................**(-s_% ;]jf cg';f/ l;kmfl/; ljj/0f ...................................................................**(-s_^ k|b]z / lhNnf cg';f/ l;kmfl/;sf] cj:yf ...................................................*((-s_& :yfgLo txdf j}slNks pDd]bjf/ l;kmfl/; ..................................................(@

kl/R5]b !)

k/fdz{ / ph'/L!)=! sd{rf/L ;]jf zt{ ;DaGwL sfg"gsf ljifodf k/fdz{ ..........................................(#!)=@ a9'jf ph'/L pk/ lg0f{o ...........................................................................($!)=# ljefuLo ;hfosf ljifodf k/fdz{ ...............................................................(%!)=$ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf lj?4 l/6 lgj]bg ...........................................................(&

kl/R5]b !!

;fª\u7lgs ;'wf/ / gjk|jt{g!!=! /0fgLlts of]hgf ....................................................................................(*!!=@ ;+/rgfut ;'wf/ ....................................................................................((!!=# k/LIff k|0ffnLdf ;'wf/..............................................................................((

!!=#=! pQ/k'l:tsf hfFr ......................................................................((!!=#=@ k|fljlws kbx¿df ;fd"lxs 5nkmn .................................................((!!=#=# b[li6ljxLg tyf ;xof]uL n]vs cfjZos kg{] k/LIffyL{nfO{ ;x'lnot .............!))

!!=$ ;]jf k|jfx s]Gb| lj:tf/ ........................................................................... !))!!=% k/LIf0f k|ljlwdf k|jt{g ........................................................................... !))!!=^ k|ljlwsf] k|of]u / :jrflnt sfo{k4lt ........................................................... !))

!!=^=! pQ/k'l:tsf k/LIf0fdf clK6sn dfs{ l/8/ k|ljlw k|of]u ........................!))!!=^=@ cgnfO{g k|0ffnL ....................................................................... !))!!=^=# ;"rgfsf] juL{s/0f ................................................................... !)!

!!=& ;xeflutf .......................................................................................... !)!!!=&=! ;fdflhs ;~hfn ..................................................................... !)!!!=&=@ j]a;fO6 .............................................................................. !)!!!=&=# df]jfO{n PlKns]zg ................................................................... !)@

!!=* ;"rgf k|jfx ........................................................................................ !)@

kl/R5]b !@

;'emfj sfof{Gjogsf] l:ylt!@ ;'emfj sfof{Gjogsf] l:ylt .......................................................................... !)#

kl/R5]b !#

Wofgfsif{0f / ;'emfj!# Wofgfsif{0f / ;'emfj ................................................................................ !)(

tflnsfx?tflnsf ! nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] ;ª\u7g ;+/rgf / b/aGbL ....................................... ^tflnsf @ cfGtl/s sfo{ ljefhg ................................................................. !@tflnsf # afÞo lgsfout sfo{ ljefhg ......................................................... !@tflnsf $ k|Tofof]lht clwsf/x¿ ................................................................. !%tflnsf % cfof]usf lg0f{ox¿sf] ljifout juL{s/0f ............................................. !&tflnsf ^ cfof]u tyf dftxtsf sfof{nox¿df /x]sf b/aGbL tyf kbk"lt{sf] cj:yf ....... !*tflnsf & s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / dftxtsf sfof{nox¿sf] ljlgof]lht ah]6, lgsf;f / vr{ ... !(tflnsf * cfof]u tyf cGtu{tsf sfof{nox¿af6 ;ª\slnt /fh:j / w/f}6L ................. @)tflnsf ( ut kfFr jif{sf] b/vf:t / /fh:jsf] l:ylt ........................................... @!tflnsf !) a]?h' km5\of}{6 l:ylt ..................................................................... @!tflnsf !! ;+ul7t ;+:yftkm{sf] vr{sf] cj:yf ..................................................... @@tflnsf !@ z}lIfs of]Uotf ;DaGwdf låljwf pk/ cfof]uaf6 ePsf] lg0f{o .................... @%tflnsf !# kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f, kl/dfh{g÷;+zf]wg ;DaGwL ljj/0f ............................... @*tflnsf !$ ;+3sf] s'n b/aGbL / kbk"lt{sf] l:ylt ................................................ #!tflnsf !% k|b]ztkm{sf] s'n b/aGbL / kbk"lt{sf] l:ylt ......................................... #@tflnsf !^ :yfgLo txtkm{sf]] s'n b/aGbL / kbk"lt{sf] l:ylt .................................. #@tflnsf !& lj1fkgx¿sf] ;+Vof / lj1flkt kb;+Vof ............................................. #$tflnsf !* v'nf / ;dfj]zL lj1fkg / kb;+Vof .................................................. #%tflnsf !( ljut bz jif{sf] b/vf:tsf] k|j[lQ -cf=k|= tyf v'nf_ ............................... #^tflnsf @) lj1fkgsf] k|sf/ cg';f/ b/vf:tsf] juL{s/0f ....................................... #&tflnsf @! >]0fL÷tx cg';f/ b/vf:tsf] juL{s/0f -cf=k|= tyf v'nf_ .......................... #&tflnsf @@ clws b/vf:t k/]sf kbx¿sf] lj1fkgdf k|ltkb cf};t b/vf:t ................. #*tflnsf @# ef}uf]lns If]q cg';f/ b/vf:t ;+Vof .................................................. #*

tflnsf @$ k|b]z cg';f/ b/vf:t ;+Vof ............................................................ #(tflnsf @% lj1fkg / b/vf:tsf] k|b]zut juL{s/0f .............................................. #(tflnsf @^ lhNnf cg';f/ b/vf:t ;+Vofsf] ljj/0f ...............................................$)tflnsf @& z}lIfs of]Uotfsf cfwf/df b/vf:t ................................................... $!tflnsf @* z}lIfs ;+sfosf cfwf/df b/vf:t ..................................................... $!tflnsf @( ;]jf / z}lIfs ;+sfo cg';f/ b/vf:tsf] juL{s/0f ..................................$@tflnsf #) pDd]bjf/sf] afa'sf] z}lIfs l:ylt ..................................................... $#tflnsf #! pDd]bjf/sf] cfdfsf] z}lIfs l:ylt .................................................... $#tflnsf #@ pd]/ ;d"x cg';f/ b/vf:tsf] ;+Vof ..................................................$$tflnsf ## pDd]bjf/sf] /f]huf/Lsf] l:ylt .........................................................$$tflnsf #$ pDd]bjf/sf] cleefjssf] k]zf.........................................................$%tflnsf #% hfthfltsf cfwf/df b/vf:tsf] juL{s/0f ............................................$%tflnsf #^ wd{sf cfwf/df b/vf:tsf] juL{s/0f ..................................................$&tflnsf #& dft[efiffsf cfwf/df b/vf:tsf] juL{s/0f ............................................$*tflnsf #* pDd]bjf/sf] j}jflxs l:ylt ..............................................................$(tflnsf #( k|Zgkq lgdf{0f / kl/dfh{g ;DaGwL ljj/0f .........................................%)tflnsf $) k|yd r/0fsf] k/LIffdf pQL0f{ pDd]bjf/sf] ljj/0f .................................. %!tflnsf $! lnlvt k/LIffdf ;lDdlnt pDd]bjf/ ;+Vof ........................................... %@tflnsf $@ lnlvt k/LIffdf s'g} klg pDd]bjf/ ;lDdlnt gePsf lj1fkgx? ................. %@tflnsf $# clgoldttf / sf/jfxLsf] ljj/0f ..................................................... %#tflnsf $$ pQ/k'l:tsf k/LIf0f ;DaGwL ljj/0f ..................................................%$tflnsf $% lj1fkgsf] k|sf/, ln· / kbsf] :t/sf cfwf/df l;kmfl/; ;+Vof .................. %^tflnsf $^ ;]jfsf cfwf/df l;kmfl/;sf] juL{s/0f ................................................ %&tflnsf $& l;kmfl/; ePsf pDd]bjf/sf] >]0fL÷txut juL{s/0f .................................%*tflnsf $* ef}uf]lns If]q cg';f/ l;kmfl/; pDd]bjf/ ............................................%*tflnsf $( l;kmfl/; pDd]bjf/sf] k|b]zut ljj/0f ................................................ %(tflnsf %) lj1fkg / l;kmfl/;sf] k|b]zut ljj/0f ............................................... %(tflnsf %! l;kmfl/; pDd]bjf/sf] lhNnfut ljj/0f .............................................. ^)tflnsf %@ l;kmfl/; ePsf pDd]bjf/sf] afa'sf] z}lIfs l:ylt .................................. ^!tflnsf %# l;kmfl/; ePsf pDd]bjf/sf] cfdfsf] z}lIfs l:ylt ................................. ^@tflnsf %$ l;kmfl/; ePsf pDd]bjf/sf] cleefjssf] k]zf ...................................... ^@tflnsf %% l;kmfl/; ePsf pDd]bjf/sf] pd]/ ;d"x cg';f/sf] ljj/0f ......................... ^#tflnsf %^ hfltut cfwf/df pDd]bjf/sf] juL{s/0f .............................................. ^$tflnsf %& l;kmfl/; ePsf pDd]bjf/sf] wd{sf] l:ylt ............................................ ^%tflnsf %* pDd]bjf/sf] j}jflxs l:ylt ............................................................. ^%tflnsf %( v'nf k|ltof]lutfaf6 clws[t :t/sf kbdf pDd]bjf/ l;kmfl/;sf] l:ylt ........... ^^

tflnsf ^) cf=j= @)&^÷&& df ePsf ;dfj]zL lj1fkg / b/vf:t ........................... ^&tflnsf ^! ;dfj]zL ;d"xsf lj1fkgdf ePsf l;kmfl/; ......................................... ^*tflnsf ^@ ljleGg lj1fkgaf6 l;kmfl/; ePsf dlxnfsf] ;+Vof ................................ ^*tflnsf ^# ljleGg lj1fkgaf6 l;kmfl/; ePsf cflbjf;L÷hghfltsf] ;+Vof .................. ^(tflnsf ^$ cflbjf;L÷hghflt juL{s/0f cg';f/ l;kmfl/; ;+Vof ................................ ^(tflnsf ^% l;kmfl/; cflbjf;L÷hghflt pDd]bjf/sf] hfltut juL{s/0f ....................... &)tflnsf ^^ ljleGg lj1fkgaf6 l;kmfl/; ePsf dw];L pDd]bjf/sf] ;+Vof ..................... &)tflnsf ^& ljleGg lj1fkgaf6 l;kmfl/; blnt pDd]bjf/sf] ;+Vof ............................. &!tflnsf ^* ljleGg lj1fkgaf6 l;kmfl/; ckf·tf ePsf pDd]bjf/sf] ;+Vof ................... &!tflnsf ^( ljleGg lj1fkgaf6 l;kmfl/; ePsf lk5l8Psf] If]qsf pDd]bjf/sf] ;+Vof ........ &@tflnsf &) lhNnfut cfwf/df lk5l8Psf If]qaf6 l;kmfl/; ePsf pDd]bjf/sf] ;+Vof ....... &@tflnsf &! ljleGg lj1fkgaf6 l;kmfl/; ePsf ;dfj]zL ;d"xsf pDd]bjf/x¿ .............. tflnsf &@ ;dfj]zL ;d"xsf pDd]bjf/ l;kmfl/;sf] t'ngfTds juL{s/0f ......................&$tflnsf kbsf] :t/cg';f/ ;dfj]zL ;d"xsf pDd]bjf/ l;kmfl/;sf] cj:yf ................. &^tflnsf &$ ;dfj]zL tyf v'nf lj1fkgaf6 l;kmfl/; ePsf pDd]bjf/ ;+Vof .................. &&tflnsf &% ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] kbk"lt{ nflu k|bfg ul/Psf] ;xdlt ;DaGwL ljj/0f . &(tflnsf &^ lnlvt k/LIffdf pkl:yt pDd]bjf/ ;+Vofsf] t'ngfTds cj:yf .................... *!tflnsf && pQ/k'l:tsf k/LIf0f ;DaGwL ljj/0f .................................................*@tflnsf &* ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfx¿ tkm{sf] lnlvt k/LIffsf] glthf ;DaGwL ljj/0f .... *#tflnsf &( ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] kbk"lt{ ;DaGwL s]xL tYof°x¿ ...............*$tflnsf *) k|yd / bf];|f] r/0fsf lnlvt k/LIffdf pDd]bjf/sf] pkl:yltsf] ljj/0f ......*^tflnsf *! :yfgLo txsf] lnlvt k/LIffdf ;lDdlnt pDd]bjf/sf] ljj/0f ...................*^tflnsf *@ k|b]zut ?kdf lj1fkg / l;kmfl/;sf] t'ngf ......................................*&tflnsf *# tx cg';f/sf] :yfgLo txsf lj1flkt kb;+Vof / l;kmfl/;sf] cj:yf ..........*&tflnsf *$ lj1fkgsf] k|sf/ cg';f/ l;kmfl/;sf] cj:yf .....................................**tflnsf *% l;kmfl/; ePsf pDd]bjf/x¿sf] ;]jf / txut ljj/0f .............................*(tflnsf *^ k|b]z cGtu{tsf lhNnf cg';f/ :yfgLo txsf] l;kmfl/; ljj/0f ................*(tflnsf *& ;du| lhNnf cg';f/ :yfgLo txsf] l;kmfl/; ljj/0f ............................ (!tflnsf ** j}slNks l;kmfl/; ;DaGwL ljj/0f .................................................. (@tflnsf *( sd{rf/L ;]jfsf zt{ ;DaGwdf k|bfg ul/Psf] k/fdz{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f ........... (#tflnsf () ;]jfut cfwf/df a9'jf l;kmfl/; pk/ ph'/L / ;+zf]wg ............................ (%tflnsf (! ljefuLo ;hfo ;DaGwL k/fdz{sf] n}l·s / >]0fLut ljj/0f ......................(%tflnsf (@ >]0fL÷txut cfwf/df ul/Psf] ljefuLo ;hfosf] cj:yf ........................... (^tflnsf (# lgsfout ¿kdf ePsf] ;hfosf] ljj/0f ............................................. (^tflnsf ($ cf=j= @)&^÷&& df k/]sf l/6 lgj]bgx¿sf] ljj/0f .............................. (&

lrqx¿lrq ! kbk"lt{ ;DaGwL sfo{k|jfx ............................................................... !)lrq @ cf=j= @)&^÷&& df lj1flkt kb;+Vof ............................................... #$lrq # v'nf / ;dfj]zL lj1fkgsf] kb;+Vof .................................................. #%lrq $ ljut bz jif{sf] b/vf:tsf] k|j[lQ .................................................... #^lrq % ;dfj]zL / cGo lj1fkgaf6 l;kmfl/; ePsf ;dfj]zL ;d"xsf pDd]bjf/sf] cj:yf ...... &%lrq ^ ;dfj]zL lj1fkgaf6 / ;a} lj1fkg -;dfj]zL ;d]t_ af6 l;kmfl/; ePsf ;dfj]zL ;d"xsf pDd]bjf/sf] ;+Vof ................................................... &%

cg';"rLx¿cg';"rL ! xfn;Ddsf ;+ljwfgx¿df nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf ;DaGwdf ul/Psf Joj:yfx¿ ....!!#cg';"rL @ cfof]usf sfof{nox¿sf] sfo{If]q ljefhg ...........................................!@!cg';"rL # cfof]usf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf ............................................................... !@@cg';"rL $ cf=j= @)&^÷)&& sf] kbk"lt{ ;DaGwL jflif{s sfo{tflnsf ....................... !@$cg';"rL % cf=j= @)&^÷)&& sf lj1fkgdf kg{ cfPsf b/vf:tsf] ljj/0f................. !@&cg';"rL ^ s'g} klg b/vf:t gk/]sf lj1fkgx? ................................................ !$#cg';"rL & k/LIffdf clgoldttf ug]{ pk/ ul/Psf] sf/jfxLsf] ljj/0f ....................... !$$cg';"rL * lnlvt k/LIffaf6 5gf}6 gePsf lj1fkgx? ......................................... !%#cg';"rL ( lnlvt k/LIffaf6 dfu kb eGbf Go"g ;+Vofdf 5gf}6 ePsf lj1fkgx¿ ......... !%$cg';"rL !) cGtjf{tf{ tyf l;kmfl/; ;DaGwL ljj/0f ............................................. !%^cg';"rL !! dfu kb eGbf Go"g ;+Vofdf l;kmfl/; ePsf lj1fkgx¿ ........................... !&@cg';"rL !@ pDd]bjf/ l;kmfl/; x'g g;s]sf lj1fkgx¿ ........................................ !&$cg';"rL !# cfof]uaf6 k|ltlglwTj ePsf ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfx¿ ................ !&%

;ª\If]lks/0f

ck|f= M ck|fljlws

cJ;=P08 ufOgf]= M cA;6]l6«s P08 ufOgf]sf]nf]hL

cf=h= M cflbjf;L÷hghflt

cf=k|= M cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutf

cf=of]= tyf t= M cfly{s of]hgf tyf tYof°

cf=n]=k= M cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f

cf=j= M cfly{s jif{

Ol~h= M Ol~hlgol/·

p=k'= M pQ/k'l:tsf

s=c= M sDKo'6/ ck/]6/

sf=;= M sfof{no ;xof]uL

sf=;=d"= M sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"Nof°g

sf]=n]=lg=sf= M sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no

qm=;+= M qmd ;+Vof

vf=kf=;=6]= M vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ 6]lSgl;og

uf=kf= M ufpFkflnsf

h=d]=Nof=6]= M hg/n d]l8sn Nofj 6]Sgf]nf]hL

g=kf= M gu/kflnsf

g+= M gDa/

gf=;'= M gfoa ;'Aaf

lk=If]= M lk5l8Psf] If]q

k|=gf=lg= M k|x/L gfoa lg/LIfs

k|=lg= M k|x/L lg/LIfs

k|=n]=lg= M k|d'v n]vf lgoGqs

k|=;=lg= M k|x/L ;xfos lg/LIfs

k|f= M k|fljlws

k|f=;= M k|fljlws ;xfos

a=p=zL=g+= M ah]6 pk zLif{s gDa/

la=P08 cf= M lalN8· P08 cfls{6]S6

d=lj=lg= M dlxnf ljsf; lg/LIfs

d]=Nof=6]= M d]l8sn Nofj 6]Sgf]nf]hL

d=n]=lg=sf= M dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no

/f=k= M /fhkqf+lst

/f=k=cg+= M /fhkq cg+lst

/f=k=t[= M /fhkqf+lst t[tLo

? M ?k}ofF

ln=k= M lnlvt k/LIff

lj=;+= M ljqmd ;+jt\

zf=c= M zfvf clws[t

;=c=c= M ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t

;=s=c= M ;xfos sDKo'6/ ck/]6/

;=d=lj=lg= M ;xfos dlxnf ljsf; lg/LIfs

;=Jo=c= M ;xfos Joj:yfkg clws[t

;=j}=c M ;xfos j}1flgs clws[t

;=;+=c= M ;xfos ;+/If0f clws[t

;f=k|= M ;fdfGo k|zf;g

;'=k|=lg= M ;"rgf k|ljlw lgb]{zs

x=;=rf= M xn'sf ;jf/L rfnsACM : Assessment Center MethodologyB.Sc. : Bachelor of Science Covid : Corona Virus DiseasesDFID : Department for International DevelopmentGPI : Global Partnership InternationalOMR : Optical Mark ReaderRMIS : Revenue Management Information SystemS.E.E. : Secondary Education ExaminationS.L.C. : School Leaving Certificate

1

nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] Ps;èLcf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg

kl/R5]b !

cfof]usf] u7g / sfo{If]q

!=! P]ltxfl;s k[i7e"ld

nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] Oltxf;sf] ;'?jft lj=;+= @))$ ;fndf hf/L ePsf] ‘g]kfn ;/sf/ j}wflgs sfg"gaf6 ePsf] xf] . ;/sf/L ;]jfdf of]Uo JolQmx¿sf] egf{ ;'lglZrt ug]{ p2]Zo ;lxt pQm sfg"gsf] wf/f ^% df ‘b/vf:t kl/ifb\\’ sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof] . t/ pQm j}wflgs sfg"g nfu" x'g g;s]sf] sf/0f ;f] kl/ifb\\ ;d]t u7g eO{ lqmofzLn x'g ;s]g .

lj=;+= @))& ;fndf hf/L ePsf] g]kfnsf] cGtl/d zf;g ljwfgsf] wf/f ^$ df klAns ;le{; sldzgsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof] . plNnlvt Joj:yf cg';f/ g]kfn klAns ;le{; sldzgsf] :yfkgf lj=;+= @))* ;fn cfiff9 ! ut] ePsf] lyof] . pQm ljwfgsf] wf/f ^& cg';f/ ;/sf/sf ‘;a} hfuL/bf/df egf{sf lgldQ hfFr ug'{’ sldzgsf] p2]Zo /x]sf] lyof] . hfFr ug'{sf cnfjf ljwfgdf lghfdtL hfuL/bf/sf] egf{ ug]{ tl/sf, lgo'lQm, ;?jf / a9'jf ug]{ l;4fGt Pj+ cg'zf;g ;DaGwL ;a} ljifodf klAns ;le{; sldzgsf] ‘;Nnfx’ lng'kg]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof] . t/ >L % af6 sldzg;Fu ;Nnfx lng cfjZos 5}g egL lgodåf/f tf]s]df ;f]xL adf]lhd x'g] Joxf]/fsf] If]qflwsf/ ;Lldt kfg{;Sg] Joj:yf ;d]t ljwfgd} pNn]v ul/Psf] lyof] .

g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)!% sf] wf/f %( df nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] Joj:yf u/L wf/f ^) df ;/sf/sf] ;a} ;]jf jf kbdf æegf{sf] lgldQ hfFr ug]{Æ st{Jo tf]lsPsf] lyof] . lghfdtL ;]jf tyf kbdf egf{ ug]{ tl/sf, lgo'lQm, ;?jf / a9'jf ubf{ pDd]bjf/x¿sf] ljifodf ljrf/ ug]{ l;4fGtsf ljifodf tyf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] cg'zf;g nufotsf ljifodf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng'kg]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof] . oBlk, >L % af6 cfof]u;Fu k/fdz{ lng cfjZos 5}g egL lgodåf/f tf]s]df ;f]xL adf]lhd x'g] Joxf]/fsf] :j}lR5s k|aGw ;d]t ;f] ;+ljwfgdf ;dfj]z ul/of] . oxL k|fjwfgnfO{ 6]s]/ @)!& ;fn df3 @% df æklAns ;le{; sldzg sf/jfxL aGb]h lgod, @)!&Æ hf/L u/L tTsfnLg /fhf dx]Gb|åf/f @)!& df3 @% b]lv @)!* h]7 d;fGt;Dd nf]s ;]jf cfof]unfO{ g} lgnDag ul/Psf] lyof] .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, @)!( sf] wf/f &* df lghfdtL ;]jfsf zt{ ;DaGwL sfg"g, lgo'lQm, a9'jf / ljefuLo sf/jfxL ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fdfGo l;4fGt, ;]jf kl/jt{g, ljefuLo ;hfo nufotsf ljifodf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng'kg]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof] . To:t} lghfdtL kbdf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lagf gofF egf{åf/f :yfoL lgo'lQm ePsf] s'g}klg JolQmn] lgj[lQe/0f gkfpg] Joj:yf ug'{sf ;fy} ;+ljwfgdf lj=;+= @)@# ;fndf ePsf] klxnf] ;+zf]wgaf6 ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jf zt{

2


;DaGwL lgod / To:tf] ;+:yfsf] ;]jf jf kbdf lgo'lQm, a9'jf / ljefuLo sf/jfxL ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fdfGo l;4fGtsf ljifodf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng' kg]{ k|fjwfg ;d]t yk eof] . ;fljssf ;+ljwfgdf ePsf] >L % af6 nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng cfjZos 5}g egL lgodåf/f tf]Sg ;Sg] ;+ljwfgsf] Joj:yf o; ;+ljwfgdf ;dfj]z ul/Pg .

g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& sf] wf/f !)@ df lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf] lgldQ pko'Qm pDd]bjf/ 5gf}6 ug{ k/LIffx¿ ;~rfng ug'{ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] st{Jo tf]lsPsf] lyof] eg] lghfdtL ;]jfsf] lgj[lQe/0f kfpg] kbdf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lagf :yfoL lgo'lQm gul/g] Joj:yf ul/of] . lghfdtL ;]jfsf] zt{ ;DaGwL sfg"gsf] ljifodf≤ lghfdtL ;]jf jf kbdf lgo'lQm, a9'jf / ljefuLo sf/jfxL ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ l;4fGtsf] ljifodf≤ lghfdtL kbdf 5 dlxgf eGbf a9L ;dosf] nflu lgo'lQm ubf{ pDd]bjf/sf] pko'Qmtfsf] ljifodf≤ ;]jf kl/jt{g u/L ;?jf jf a9'jf ubf{ pDd]bjf/sf] pko'Qmtfsf] ljifodf / s'g} klg lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ lbOg] ljefuLo ;hfo nufotsf ljifodf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng'kg]{ Joj:yf lyof] . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, @)!( n] nf]s ;]jf cfof]unfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] kbk"lt{ tyf ljefuLo sf/jfxL ;DaGwL clwsf/ o; ;+ljwfgdf ;dfj]z ul/Pg .

g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f !@^ dfkm{t nf]s ;]jf cfof]unfO{ ;fljss} sfd, st{Jo tyf k/fdz{;DaGwL clwsf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] kbk"lt{ tyf ljefuLo sf/jfxLsf ;DaGwdf ‘To:tf] ;+:yfn] rfx]df nf]s ;]jf cfof]un] k/fdz{ lbg'kg]{’ eGg] pNn]v u/L sdhf]/ ¿kd} ePklg clwsf/If]q k'gM :yflkt ug]{ k|oTg ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;sf ;fy} ;}lgs ;]jf, ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfn ;]jf jf k|x/L ;]jfsf kbdf lgo'lQm / a9'jf ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fdfGo l;4fGtsf] ljifodf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng'kg{] Joj:yf ;d]t o; ;+ljwfgdf ;dfj]z ul/of] .

g]kfnsf] ;+j}wflgs ljsf;qmdsf] ;ft bzssf] Oltxf;df klxnf] k6s lj=;+= @)&@ ;fndf ;+ljwfg;efaf6 lgld{t g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg df g]kfnsf] ;+3Lo ;+/rgf cg'¿k ;+3df ;+3Lo nf]s ;]jf cfof]u tyf k|To]s k|b]zdf k|b]z nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . klxn]sf ;+ljwfgdf g]kfn ;/sf/af6 lgj[lQe/0f kfpg] lghfdtL ;]jfsf kbdf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lagf :yfoL lgo'lQm ug{ gkfpg] Joj:yf ePsf]df o; ;+ljwfgn] lghfdtL ;]jf afx]s cGo ;]jfsf kbx¿df klg ;f] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] k|aGw u/]sf] 5 . lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu pko'Qm pDd]bjf/ 5gf}6 ug{ k/LIff ;~rfng ug]{ st{Josf] ;fy} g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfn / cGo ;+3Lo ;/sf/L ;]jfsf] kb tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf kbdf kbk"lt{sf nflu lnlvt k/LIff ;~rfng ug]{ lhDd]jf/L ;d]t nf]s ;]jf cfof]unfO{ tf]lsPsf] 5 . ;fljssf] ;+ljwfgdf /x]sf lghfdtL ;]jfsf] k/fdz{ ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/x¿nfO{ o; ;+ljwfgdf lg/Gt/tf lbOPsf] 5 . o;sf] cltl/Qm ;'/Iff lgsfox¿sf] ;]jfsf] kbdf a9'jf ubf{ cjnDag ug'{kg]{ ;fdfGo l;4fGtsf] ljifodf / s'g} ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;]jfsf sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jfsf zt{ ;DaGwL sfg"g / To:tf] ;]jfsf kbdf a9'jf jf ljefuLo sf/jfxL ubf{

3


ckgfpg'kg]{ ;fdfGo l;4fGtsf] ljifodf k/fdz{ lbg] sfd yk ul/Psf] 5 . s'g} Ps k|sf/sf] ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbaf6 csf]{ k|sf/sf] ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf jf cGo ;/sf/L ;]jfaf6 ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfdf ;?jf jf a9'jf ubf{ jf s'g} k|b]zsf] lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbaf6 ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf jf ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbaf6 k|b]z lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf ;]jf kl/jt{g jf :yfgfGt/0f ubf{ pDd]bjf/sf] pko'Qmtfsf] ljifodf cfof]un] k/fdz{ lbg'kg]{ gofF Joj:yf yk ePsf] 5 . k|To]s k|b]zdf k|b]z nf]s ;]jf cfof]u /xg] / pQm cfof]ux¿sf] u7g, sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ k|b]z sfg"g adf]lhd x'g] tyf pQm sfg"gsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;+3Lo ;+;bn] sfg"g agfO{ cfwf/ / dfkb08 lgwf{/0f ug]{ k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 .

nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf ;DaGwdf g]kfnsf ljleGg ;+ljwfgx¿df ul/Psf Joj:yfx¿ o; k|ltj]bgsf] cg';"rL ! df ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .

!=@ cfof]usf] u7g

nf]s ;]jf cfof]u u7gsf ;DaGwdf g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$@ sf] pkwf/f -!_ df cWoIf / cGo rf/ hgf ;b:ox¿ /xg] k|fjwfg 5 . /fi6«kltn] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf cWoIf / ;b:osf] lgo'lQm ug]{ / o;/L lgo'lQm ubf{ cfof]usf ;b:ox¿dWo] sDtLdf krf; k|ltzt ;b:o aL; jif{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L cjlw;Dd s'g} ;/sf/L ;]jfdf /x]sf JolQmx¿dWo]af6 / afFsL ;b:ox¿ lj1fg, k|ljlw, snf, ;flxTo, sfg"g, hgk|zf;g, ;dfhzf:q jf /fli6«o hLjgsf cGo If]qdf zf]w, cg';Gwfg, cWofkg jf cGo s'g} dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ u/L Voflt k|fKt u/]sf JolQmx¿dWo]af6 lgo'Qm x'g] Joj:yf 5 . o;/L lgo'lQm x'g' cl3 ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @(@ sf] pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhd ;+;bLo ;'g'jfO{ x'g] k|fjwfg 5 .

;+ljwfgsf] k|fjwfg cg';f/ cWoIf ;d]t u/L % hgf dfq kbflwsf/L /xg] Joj:yf ePsf]df of] ;+ljwfg nfu" x'g'k"j{ cfof]udf ;f]eGbf a9L ;+Vofdf kbflwsf/Lx¿ sfo{/t /x]sf] x'Fbf ;fljssf ;a} kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] lgo'lQmnfO{ g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #)! sf] pkwf/f -#_ n] lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] 5 .

!=# sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf lgo'lQmsf nflu pko'Qm pDd]bjf/ 5gf}6 ug{ k/LIff ;~rfng ug'{ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] st{Jo x'g] Joj:yf g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$# df ul/Psf] 5 . pQm wf/fdf g}ælghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbÆ eGgfn] ;}lgs jf g]kfn k|x/L jf ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfnsf] sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jfsf] kb tyf lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kb xf]Og egL P]g adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] cGo ;]jfsf] kb afx]s g]kfn ;/sf/sf c? ;a} ;]jfsf] kb kg]{ Joxf]/f :ki6 kfl/Psf] 5 .

To:t} lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kb afx]s g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfn, cGo ;+3Lo ;/sf/L ;]jf / ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] kbdf kbk"lt{sf nflu lnOg] lnlvt k/LIff ;~rfng ug]{ lhDd]jf/L nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] x'g] k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 .

4


pQm st{Jo Pj+ lhDd]jf/Lsf cnfjf lgDg ljifox¿df nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng'kg]{ Joj:yf 5 M-s_ g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfn / cGo ;+3Lo ;/sf/L ;]jfsf kbdf a9'jf ubf{

ckgfpg' kg{] ;fdfGo l;4fGtsf] ljifodf,-v_ s'g} ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ;]jfsf sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jfsf zt{ ;DaGwL sfg"g / To:tf] ;]jfsf kbdf a9'jf

/ ljefuLo sf/jfxL ubf{ ckgfpg' kg{] ;fdfGo l;4fGtsf] ljifodf, -u_ ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] zt{ ;DaGwL sfg"gsf] ljifodf,-3_ ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jf jf kbdf lgo'lQm, a9'jf / ljefuLo sf/jfxL ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ l;4fGtsf]

ljifodf,-ª_ ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf 5 dlxgf eGbf a9L ;dosf nflu lgo'lQm ubf{ pDd]bjf/sf]

pko'Qmtfsf] ljifodf,-r_ s'g} Ps k|sf/sf] ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbaf6 csf]{ k|sf/sf] ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf

jf cGo ;/sf/L ;]jfaf6 ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfdf ;?jf jf a9'jf ubf{ jf s'g} k|b]zsf] lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbaf6 ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf jf ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbaf6 k|b]z lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf ;]jf kl/jt{g jf :yfgfGt/0f ubf{ pDd]bjf/sf] pko'Qmtfsf] ljifodf,

-5_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng' gkg]{ cj:yfsf] kbdf axfn /x]sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng' kg]{ cj:yfsf] kbdf :yfoL ;?jf jf a9'jf ug]{ ljifodf, /

-h_ ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ lbOg] ljefuLo ;hfosf] ljifodf . o:t} g]kfn ;/sf/af6 lgj[lQe/0f kfpg] s'g} klg kbdf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lagf :yfoL

lgo'lQm gul/g] Joj:yf ;d]t ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$# sf] pkwf/f -%_ df ul/Psf] 5 .

!=#=! Gofo ;]jf ;DaGwL clwsf/

;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !%$ df ;+3Lo Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst kbdf lgo'lQm, ;?jf, a9'jf ug{ jf To:tf] kbdf jxfn /x]sf] s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo ;hfosf] l;kmfl/; ug{ Gofo ;]jf cfof]usf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . ;f]xL wf/fdf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIf Gofo ;]jf cfof]usf] ;b:o /xg] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst kbdf lgo'lQm ubf{ v'nf / cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIff lng] lhDd]jf/L ;d]t nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] x'g] k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 . To:t} ;+3Lo Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkq cgl°t kbaf6 ;f]xL ;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst kbdf a9'jf ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] l;kmfl/; adf]lhd ug'kg]{ Joj:yf 5 .

!=#=@ k|ltj]bg

;+j}wflgs lgsfox¿n] cfkm"n] u/]sf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg /fi6«klt ;dIf k]z ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @($ df /x]sf] 5 . nf]s ;]jf cfof]un] lj=;+= @)!^ ;fnb]lv x/]s jif{ cfÇgf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg /fi6«k|d'v ;dIf k]z ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

5


kl/R5]b @

cfof]usf] sfo{;Dkfbgsf cfwf/x¿

@=! ;+:yfut k|aGw

@=!=! ;+ljwfg

nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] u7g tyf sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ ;DaGwL g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] efu @#, wf/f @$# df ul/Psf] Joj:yfn] cfof]unfO{ sfo{;Dkfbgsf] ;+j}wflgs cfwf/ k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . lj=;+= @)&@ ;fndf hf/L ePsf] g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/sf] If]q lj:tf/ u/L lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbsf cnfjf cGo ;/sf/L ;]jf, ;+3Lo ;/sf/L ;]jf, ;'/Iff lgsfo -g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfn tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfx¿sf] kbdf kbk"lt{sf nflu lnOg] lnlvt k/LIffx¿ nf]s ;]jf cfof]un] ;~rfng ug]{ Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . ;+3Lo lghfdtL ;]jf, ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/L Joj:yfkgsf ljleGg ljifodf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng'kg]{ Joj:yfx¿ /x]sf 5g\ .

@=!=@ sfg"gx¿

;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$# sf] pkwf/f -(_ n] cfof]usf cGo sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/x¿ ;+3Lo sfg"g adf]lhd x'g] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . xfn g]kfnsf] ;+3Lo ;+/rgf ;+:yfut x'g] qmdd} /x]sf] ;Gbe{df ;+ljwfgsf] ;+qmd0fsfnLg Joj:yf cGtu{t nf]s ;]jf cfof]un] ;fljssf] nf]s ;]jf cfof]u P]g, @)^^ nfO{ g} cfÇgf] sfo{;Dkfbgsf] sfg"gL cfwf/sf ¿kdf ln++b} cfÇgf sfdsf/jfxLx¿ ;'rf? ul//x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf plNnlvt nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf ;+j}wflgs clwsf/x¿sf] k|rngsf] nflu ;+3Lo sfg"gsf] d:of}bf cfof]uaf6 tof/ u/L :jLs[ltsf nflu ;DalGwt lgsfodf k7fO{ ;lsPsf] 5 . cfof]un] cfÇgf] sfo{;Dkfbgsf] l;nl;nfdf xfn k|of]u ub}{ cfPsf d'Vo sfg"g Pj+ sfo{ljlwx¿sf] ;"rL b]xfo cg';f/ 5 M

· nf]s ;]jf cfof]u P]g, @)^^ tyf nf]s ;]jf cfof]u lgodfjnL, @)^&· lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( tyf lghfdtL ;]jf lgodfjnL, @)%)· g]kfn :jf:Yo ;]jf P]g, @)%# tyf g]kfn :jf:Yo ;]jf lgodfjnL, @)%%· Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;lrjfno ;DaGwL P]g, @)^$ tyf Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;lrjfno sd{rf/L

k|zf;g lgodfjnL, @)^%· ljleGg ;]jf, ;d"x ;~rfng ;DaGwL k|rlnt P]g tyf lgodfjnLx¿· nf]s ;]jf cfof]u -sfo{ ;~rfng_ lgb]{lzsf, @)^&

6


· nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf kbflwsf/L Pj+ bIf÷lj1 / sd{rf/Lx¿sf] cfrf/;+lxtf, @)^(· ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lsf ;]jfsf zt{ ;DaGwL sfg"g, a9'jf / ljefuLo sf/jfxL ;DaGwL

;fdfGo l;4fGt, @)&$· nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] /0fgLlts of]hgf, @)&%–@)&*· nf]s ;]jf cfof]uaf6 hf/L ljleGg lgb]{lzsf tyf nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf ;do–;dosf lg0f{ox¿· nf]s ;]jf cfof]uaf6 k|ltkflbt ljleGg l;4fGtx¿· ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfx¿;Fu ;DalGwt P]g, lgod, ljlgodfjnLx¿· nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] sfo{;Dkfbg;Fu ;DalGwt P]g, lgod / lgb]{lzsfx¿ .

@=@ ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgf / sfo{If]q

cfof]usf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no, /f=k=k|yd >]0fLsf sfof{no k|d'v /xg] & j6f sfof{nox¿ -wgs'6f, hn]Zj/, sf7df8f}+, kf]v/f, a'6an, ;'v]{t / lbkfon_ / /f=k= låtLo >]0fLsf sfof{no k|d'v /xg] & j6f sfof{nox¿ -Onfd, vf]6fª, x]6f}+8f, afUn'ª, bfª, h'Dnf / dx]Gb|gu/_ / b/vf:t Joj:yfkg s]Gb| u/L s'n !^ j6f sfof{nox? /x]sf 5g\ . b'u{d, ef}uf]lns b[li6n] ljs6 tyf oftfoft ;'ljwf gk'u]sf / k/LIffyL{ ;+Vof clws ePsf t/ cfof]usf sfof{no gePsf lhNnf Pj+ zx/L If]qx¿df k/LIffyL{x¿nfO{ ;xh xf];\ eGg] dg;fon] x'Dnf, 8f]Nkf, nfxfg -l;/fxf_ / jL/u~h -k;f{_ df k/LIff s]Gb| sfod ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfOPsf] 5 . k/LIffyL{sf] rfknfO{ b[li6ut ub}{ yk ljleGg :yfgx¿df pks]Gb|sf] Joj:yf u/L lnlvt k/LIffx¿ ;~rfng ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . /f=k=cg+= k|yd >]0fL, gfoa ;'Aaf jf ;f] ;/x -k|fljlws÷ck|fljlws_ kbsf] kbk"lt{ ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfo{sf nflu /f=k=k|yd >]0fLsf] sfof{no k|d'v /x]sf] cfof]usf] sfof{non] ;DalGwt k|b]z leqsf ;Dk"0f{ lhNnfx¿ x]b{5g\ eg] /f=k=cg+=låtLo >]0fL, vl/bf/ jf ;f] ;/x -k|fljlws÷ck|fljlws_ kbsf] kbk"lt{ ;DaGwL sfo{ /f=k= k|yd >]0fLsf] sfof{no k|d'v /xg] / /f=k= låtLo >]0fLsf] sfof{no k|d'v /xg] sfof{nox?n] cfÇgf] sfo{If]q leq /x]/ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ub{5g\ . cfof]usf sfof{nox?sf] sfo{If]q ljefhg ;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL @ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]usf] ;+/rgfdf s'n # ;o (( b/aGbL sfod /x]sf 5g\ . b/aGbL ;DaGwL lj:t[t ljj/0f tflnsf ! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

tflnsf !nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] ;ª\u7g ;+/rgf / b/aGbL

qm=;+= sfof{nosf] gfd/f=k= ljlzi6

/f=k=k|yd /f=k= låtLo /f=k=t[tLo/f=k=cg+= k|yd

/f=k= cg+= låtLo

>]0fL ljxLg -;af/L rfns_

>]0fL ljxLg -sf=;=_

s'n b/aGbL

!= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, s]Gb|Lo sfof{no 1 6 19 56 65 8 15 23 193@= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, wgs'6f sfof{no - 1 1 2 5 1 1 4 15#= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, hn]Zj/ sfof{no - 1 1 2 5 1 1 4 15

7



/f=k=k|yd /f=k= låtLo /f=k=t[tLo/f=k=cg+= k|yd

/f=k= cg+= låtLo


>]0fL ljxLg -sf=;=_

s'n b/aGbL

$= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, sf7df8f}+ sfof{no - 1 2 5 9 3 2 5 27%= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, kf]v/f sfof{no - 1 1 2 5 1 1 4 15^= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, a'6jn sfof{no - 1 1 2 5 1 1 4 15&= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, ;'v{]t sfof{no - 1 1 2 5 1 1 4 15*= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, lbkfon sfof{no - 1 1 2 5 1 1 4 15(= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, Onfd sfof{no - - 1 1 4 1 1 3 11!)= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, vf]6fª sfof{no - - 1 1 4 1 1 3 11!!= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, x]6f}+8f sfof{no - - 1 1 4 1 1 3 11!@= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, afUn'ª sfof{no - - 1 1 4 1 1 3 11!#= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, bfª sfof{no - - 1 1 4 1 1 3 11!$= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, h'Dnf sfof{no - - 1 1 4 1 1 3 11!%= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, dx]Gb|gu/ sfof{no - - 1 1 4 1 1 3 11!^= b/vf:t Joj:yfkg s]Gb| - - 1 3 4 1 1 2 12

s'n hDdf 1 13 35 83 136 25 31 75 399

s]Gb|Lo sfof{no, ;x;lrj:t/af6 g]t[Tj x'g] sfof{no / pk;lrj:t/af6 g]t[Tj x'g] sfof{nosf ;+u7g ;+/rgfx? cg';"rL # df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

@=# sfo{;Dkfbgsf l;4fGtx¿

@=#=! of]Uotfsf] l;4fGt (Principle of Merit)

cfof]uaf6 ;~rfng x'g] k/LIffx¿df cAan 7xg]{ pDd]bjf/nfO{ dfq lgo'lQmsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ul/G5 . ;DalGwt kbsf] sfo{;Dkfbg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ 1fg, ;Lk, dgf]efj cflbsf] k/LIf0f ug]{ u/L kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f x'g] / ;f]xL kf7\oqmd adf]lhd k/LIff ;~rfng x'g] x'Fbf lgo'lQmsf nflu l;kmfl/; x'g] pDd]bjf/ ;f] kbsf] sfo{;Dkfbgsf nflu Ifdtfjfg x'g] ljZjf; ul/G5 .

@=#=@ lgikIftfsf] l;4fGt (Principle of Impartiality)

cfof]usf lg0f{ox¿ k"jf{u|x /lxt x'G5g\ . cfof]usf lg0f{o / k/LIff ;DaGwL sfdsf/jfxLaf6 sf]xL s;}nfO{ cGofo gx'g]df k"0f{ ;hutf ckgfOG5 eg] s'g}klg 9+un] s;}nfO{ klg kIfkft ul/+b}g .

@=#=# :jR5tfsf] l;4fGt (Principle of Fairness)

cfof]usf ;Dk"0f{ sfd sf/jfxLx¿df OdfGbfl/tf, lhDd]jf/Lkg, ljZj;gLotf / pQ/bfloTj ;'lglZrt ul/G5 . cfof]un] lng] lg0f{ox¿ / dftxtsf sfof{nox¿af6 ;~rfng x'g] lqmofsnfknfO{ :jR5 / j:t'k/s agfpg cfjZos ;+:yfut, ;+/rgfut Pj+ sfo{ljlwut k|aGw ul/G5 .

8


@=#=$ ;dfg cj;/sf] l;4fGt (Principle of Equal Opportunity)

cfof]uaf6 x'g] lj1fkgdf ;DalGwt kbsf nflu of]Uotf k'Ug] g]kfnL gful/ssf] kx'Fr ;'lglZrt ug{ cfjZos k|aGw ldnfOG5 . ;DalGwt lj1fkgsf nflu tf]lsPsf] of]Uotf k'Ug] ;a}nfO{ b/vf:t k]z ug{ ;dfg cj;/ k|bfg ul/G5 .

@=#=% ;dfj]zLtfsf] l;4fGt (Principle of Inclusiveness)

kbk"lt{sf nflu cfof]udf k|fKt dfu kbx¿ /fHosf] ;dfj]zLs/0f gLlt adf]lhd k|ltzt lgwf{/0f u/L ;DalGwt ;d"xsf pDd]bjf/ aLr dfq k|lt:kwf{ x'g] u/L kbk"lt{ ul/G5 . nf]s ;]jf cfof]u P]g, @)^^ sf] bkmf #% adf]lhd cGtjf{tf{ ;ldlt u7g ubf{ ;dfj]zL ;xeflutf ;'lglZrt ug]{ k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 .

@=#=^ låcGw l;4fGt (Principle of Double Blind)

kbk"lt{ k|lqmofsf] s'g} Ps uf]Ko r/0fdf ;+nUg x'g] kbflwsf/L, lj1 jf sd{rf/LnfO{ ;f] k|lqmofsf] cGo r/0fdf ;+nUg u/fO{b}g / hfgsf/L ;d]t lbOFb}g . pQ/k'l:tsf k/LIf0f ug]{ k/LIfsn] s'g k/LIffyL{sf] pQ/k'l:tsf k/LIf0f u/]sf] xf], kQ} kfpFb}gg\ . k|fKtf° tflnsLs/0f ug]{ sd{rf/L s'g k|fKtf+s s;sf] xf] eGg] af/]df k"0f{tM cgle1 /xG5 . cGtjf{tf{ ;ldltsf ;b:ox¿ cGtjf{tf{ lbFb} u/]sf] pDd]bjf/sf] lnlvt k/LIffsf] k|fKtf+ssf af/]df k"0f{tM cgle1 /xG5g\ . To:t} cfof]usf x/]s dxfzfvfx¿nfO{ ljlzli6s[t lhDd]jf/L k|bfg ul/Psf] x'G5 . s'g} Ps dxfzfvf÷zfvfsf] sfo{;Dkfbgdf csf]{ dxfzfvf÷zfvfsf] k|ToIf kx'Fr / ;+nUgtf /xFb}g .

@=#=& kl/ro–z"Gotfsf] l;4fGt (Principle of Identity Masking)

pQ/k'l:tsf k/LIf0f ug'{ cl3 bf]xf]/f] ;+s]tLs/0f (Double Coding) k|lqmof dfkm{t pQm pQ/k'l:tsfaf6 b/vf:t lbg] pDd]bjf/sf] kl/ro cnu ul/G5 . o;af6 pQ/k'l:tsfsf] lgikIf / lgj}{olQms k/LIf0f ;'lglZrt x'G5 . To:t} pQ/k'l:tsf k/LIf0f kZrft\ j}olQms klxrfg ljxLg ¿kdf k|fKtf°sf] tflnsf tof/ kfl/G5 . cGtjf{tf{ nufot 5gf}6 k|lqmofsf ;Dk"0f{ k/LIffsf c+sx¿ PsLs[t u/]kZrft\ dfq 5gf}6 x'g] pDd]bjf/sf] j}olQms klxrfg lj;+s]tLs/0f (Decoding) k|lqmof dfkm{t kQf nufOG5 .

@=#=* c;+nUgtfsf] l;4fGt (Principle of Non-Involvement)

cfof]uaf6 ;~rflnt s'g} klg k/LIffdf cfof]usf kbflwsf/L, sd{rf/L jf lj1sf gft]bf/ ;+nUg ePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf kbflwsf/L, sd{rf/L jf lj1nfO{ pQm k/LIffsf] glthf k|sfzg;Ddsf] k|lqmofaf6 cnu /flvG5, ;+nUg u/fO{b}g .

@=#=( uf]kgLotfsf] l;4fGt (Principle of Confidentiality)

k/LIff k|0ffnLnfO{ k"0f{tM ljZj;gLo agfpg] k|of]hgsf] nflu kbk"lt{ k|lqmofsf ljleGg r/0fx¿df cfof]un] uf]kgLotf sfod /fVb5 . cfof]uaf6 lnOg] ljleGg k/LIffsf k|Zgkqx¿sf] kl/dfh{g / 5gf}6sf] sfo{ k"0f{ uf]Ko /xG5 . k/LIffyL{sf] lnlvt k/LIffsf] k|fKtf+s clGtd glthf k|sfzg x'g]

9


a]nf;Dd uf]Ko /xG5 . cfof]usf] cgnfO{g 8f6fj];df /x]sf JolQmut ;"rgfx¿ uf]Ko /x]sf] ;'lglZrt ul/G5 . o;/L kbk"lt{ k|lqmofsf clwsf+z r/0fx¿df k"0f{ uf]kgLotfsf ;fy ;fy} u'0f:t/Lotf ;'lglZrt ul/G5 .

@=$ sfo{;Dkfbg k|lqmof / sfo{k|jfx

lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf pko'Qm pDd]bjf/ l;kmfl/; ug{ tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo / ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf ljleGg kbx¿df pko'Qm pDd]bjf/ 5gf}6 ug{sf] nflu lnlvt k/LIff ;~rfng ug{ cfof]un] cjnDag u/]sf] sfo{k|lqmof tn pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . pQm sfo{k|lqmofnfO{ sfo{k|jfxsf] ¿kdf lrq ! df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

@=$=! jflif{s sfo{tflnsf

cfof]un] x/]s cfly{s jif{sf] klxnf] lbg kbk"lt{ ;DaGwL jflif{s sfo{tflnsf ;fj{hlgs ub{5 . lghfdtL ;]jfsf nflu / ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf nflu b'O{ a]Unfa]Un} sfo{tflnsf tof/ u/L nfu" ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 .

@=$=@ lj1fkg k|sfzg

lghfdtL ;]jfsf] xsdf sfo{tflnsfdf lgwf{l/t ;dodf ;DalGwt dGqfno, ljefu / sfof{non] l/Qm b/aGbL cg';f/sf] kb, ;]jf, ;d"x, pk;d"x / >]0fL÷tx ;d]t v'Ng] u/L dfu cfs[lt kmf/fd el/ k7fpg' kb{5 . ;f] dfusf cfwf/df k|ltzt lgwf{/0f u/L a9'jf, cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutf, v'nf tyf ;dfj]zL ;d"xx¿df kb;+Vof 5'6\ofO{ lnlvt k/LIff x'g] ldlt / ;do lgwf{/0f u/L cfof]un] lj1fkg÷;"rgf k|sfzg u/L b/vf:t cfJxfg ub{5 . o:tf] ;"rgf÷lj1fkg uf]/vfkq tyf cfof]usf] j]a;fO6af6 ;d]t k|sfzg ul/G5 .

;'/Iff lgsfo / ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] xsdf sfo{tflnsfdf lgwf{l/t ;dodf kbk"lt{sf] lj1fkg ug{sf nflu ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfof]udf ;xdltsf nflu dfu ub{5g\ . cfof]usf] ;xdlt k|fKt e};s]kl5 ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] g} kbk"lt{sf nflu lj1fkg k|sfzg ub{5g\ .

@=$=# b/vf:t ;Íng

lj1fkg k|sfzg ePkl5 ;"rgfdf lbOPsf] Dofbleq lghfdtL ;]jf tkm{sf v'nf tyf cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfsf lj1fkgdf cgnfO{g dfkm{t b/vf:t ;+sng ul/G5 eg] a9'jf tkm{sf b/vf:t kmf/fd cfof]usf sfof{nodf g} a'emfpg' kb{5 . ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf lj1fkgsf xsdf eg] ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] g} b/vf:t ;+sng ub{5g\ .

10


lrq !

kbk"lt{ ;DaGwL sfo{k|jfx

11


@=$=$ lnlvt k/LIff

lj1fkg k|sfzg eP;Fu} lj1flkt kbx¿sf] k/LIff ;~rfngsf] nflu lj1x¿sf] ;]jf lnO{ k|Zgkq tof/ ul/G5 . lghfdtL ;]jf / ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf lj1flkt kbsf nflu tf]lsPsf] ldltdf cfof]un] lnlvt k/LIff ;~rfng ub{5 .

@=$=% pQ/k'l:tsf ;ª\s]lts/0f / k/LIf0f

lnlvt k/LIff ;~rfng ePkl5 ;DalGwt pDd]bjf/x¿sf] pQ/k'l:tsfdf cnu cnu hgzlQmn] b'O{ cnu r/0fdf k|yd / låtLo ;ª\s]t gDa/ /fvL ;ª\s]lts/0f ul/G5 / pDd]bjf/sf] JolQmut ljj/0f pQ/k'l:tsfaf6 cnu u/L l;naGbL ¿kdf cnu cnu :yfgdf /flvG5 .

@=$=^ lnlvt k/LIff glthf, cGtjf{tf{ / l;kmfl/;

lj1x¿af6 pQ/k'l:tsf k/LIf0f u/fO{{ pDd]bjf/n] k|fKt u/]sf] k|fKtf° tyf dfu kb;+Vofsf] t'ngfdf cfof]usf] sfo{;~rfng lgb{]lzsfdf pNn]lvt Joj:yfsf cfwf/df dfu kbeGbf lglZrt yk ;+Vofdf ;DalGwt lj1fkgdf clwstd c+s k|fKt ug{] pDd]bjf/x¿sf] dfq gfd l8sf]8 u/L lnlvt k/LIffsf] glthf gfdsf] j0ff{g'qmdsf cfwf/df k|sfzg ul/G5 . ;'/Iff lgsfo / ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] xsdf lnlvt k/LIff glthf k|sfzg u/L cGtjf{tf{ tyf cGo k/LIff sfo{qmd k|sfzg ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfodf k7fOG5 .

lghfdtL ;]jfsf] xsdf lnlvt k/LIffdf 5gf}6 ePsf pDd]bjf/x¿sf] cGtjf{tf{ Pj+ ;DalGwt kbsf] kf7\oqmd of]hgf adf]lhdsf k|of]ufTds k/LIff, In basket Exercise, dfldnf cWoogk|:t'tLs/0f (Case Study Presentation) ;d]tsf] k/LIff ;~rfng x'G5g\ . o;/L cGtjf{tf{ nufot pQm ;a} k/LIffdf k|fKt c° / lnlvt k/LIffsf] k|fKtf°sf] s'n of]usf cfwf/df clwstd c° k|fKt ug{] pDd]bjf/x¿nfO{ :yfoL lgo'lQmsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ul/G5 . ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfx¿n] cGtjf{tf{ tyf l;kmfl/;sf] sfo{ cfkm}+ ub{5g\ .

@=% sfo{ljefhg / clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg

cfof]un] ;Dkfbg ug{'kg{] sfdsf] sfo{ ljefhg cfof]usf] lg0f{o adf]lhd x'g] Joj:yf nf]s ;]jf cfof]u P]g, @)^^ sf] bkmf % df /x]sf] 5 . nf]s ;]jf cfof]un] cfgf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ dWo] s'g} sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ cfof]usf] cWoIf jf s'g} ;b:o jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL k|of]u tyf kfng ug{] u/L k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$# sf] pkwf/f -*_ df ul/Psf] 5 .

nf]s ;]jf cfof]u P]g, @)^^ sf] bkmf % adf]lhd cfGtl/s sfo{;Dkfbgsf nflu Pj+ afÞo lgsfox¿df nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k|ltlglwTj ug{ ul/Psf] cWoIf tyf ;b:ox¿sf] sfo{ ljefhg tflnsf @ / # tyf k|Tofof]lht clwsf/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f tflnsf $ df pNn]]v ul/Psf] 5 .

12


tflnsf @cfGtl/s sfo{ ljefhg

qm=;+= kbflwsf/Lsf] gfd lhDd]jf/L

!= cWoIf >L pd]zk|;fb d}gfnL

· cGtjf{tf{ tyf l;kmfl/;· k|zf;g · lnlvt k/LIff glthf tof/L -ck|fljlws_

@= ;b:o >L laGb|f xf8f -e§/fO{_· ph"/L tyf ljefuLo ;hfo k/fdz{· k|Zgkq kl/dfh{g -ck|fljlws_

#= ;b:o >Lk'?if 9sfn§· ;"rgf tyf k|sfzg· lnlvt k/LIff glthf k|sfzg (Optical Mark Reader) af6 k|sfzg

x'g] glthf ;d]t

$= ;b:o >L czf]ss'df/ emf

· kf7\oqmd tyf d"Nof°g · k/LIf0f k|ljlw · k|Zgkq kl/dfh{g -k|fljlws_

%= ;b:o >L a|xd b]j /fo

· k/LIff ;~rfng -k|fljlws_· lnlvt k/LIff glthf tof/L -k|fljlws_· lnlvt k/LIff glthf tof/L -;+ul7t ;+:yf / ;'/Iff lgsfo_

^= ;b:o >L s[i0frGb| emf

· k/LIff ;~rfng -ck|fljlws_· of]hgf tyf ;dGjo· gLlt lgod tyf k/fdz{

gf]6 M dfly plNnlvt sfo{ljefhg cg';f/ ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yftkm{sf] tt\tt\ sfo{ ljefhg ;d]t ;DalGwt kbflwsf/Laf6 x'g] Joj:yf /x]sf] .

tflnsf #afÞo lgsfout sfo{ ljefhg

qm=;+= kbflwsf/Lsf] gfd k|ltlglwTj ug{ tf]lsPsf lgsfo

!= cWoIf >L pd]zk|;fb d}gfnL

1= lzIfs ;]jf cfof]u kbflwsf/L l;kmfl/; ;ldlt – cWoIf

2= lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @)-!_ adf]lhdsf] /f=k= ljlzi6 >]0fL kbsf] a9'jf ;ldlt – cWoIf

3= Gofo ;]jf cfof]u – ;b:o

4= /fli6«o k/LIff af]8{ cWoIf l;kmfl/; ;ldlt – cWoIf

5= g]kfn k|zf;lgs k|lzIf0f k|lti7fg kl/ifb\\ – ;b:o

13



@=;b:o

>L laGb|f xf8f -e§/fO{_

1= k|x/L lgodfjnL, @)&! sf] lgod !) adf]lhd k|x/L ;]jf kbk"lt{ ;ldlt – cWoIf

2= lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @)-!_ adf]lhd /f=k= ljlzi6 >]0fL kbsf] a9'jf ;ldltsf] – ;b:o

3= b]xfosf lgsfodf lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @) -!s_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldlt – cWoIf · ;~rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqfno· e"ld Joj:yf, ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqfno· lzIff, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno

4= k|fljlws lzIff tyf Jofj;flos tflnd ;ef – ;b:o

5= dWoklZrdf~rn ljZjljBfno ;]jf cfof]u – ;b:o

#=;b:o

>L >Lk'?if 9sfn§

1= lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @)-!_ adf]lhd /f=k= ljlzi6 >]0fL afx]ssf /fhkqfl°t kbdf a9'jf ;ldlt -jg ;]jf afx]s_ – cWoIf

2= lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @)-!_ adf]lhdsf] jg ;]jfsf] a9'jf ;ldlt – ;b:o

3= ;z:q k|x/L P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf !! adf]lhdsf] ;z:q k|x/L ;]jf cfof]u – cWoIf

4= b]xfosf lgsfodf lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @) -!s_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldlt– cWoIf· ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno· ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoft dGqfno· phf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO{ dGqfno

5= ;'b"/ klZrdf~rn ljZjljBfno ;]jf cfof]u– ;b:o

6= g]kfn ;+uLt tyf gf6\o k|1f k|lti7fg ;]jf cfof]u– cWoIf

$=;b:o

>L czf]s s'df/ emf

1= :jf:Yo ;]jf P]g, @)%# sf] bkmf @% adf]lhd a9'jf ;ldlt – cWoIf

2= b]xfosf lgsfodf lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @) -!s_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldlt – cWoIf· sfg"g, Gofo tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf dGqfno· vfg]kfgL dGqfno

3= g]kfn nlntsnf k|1f k|lti7fg ;]jf cfof]u– cWoIf

4= k"jf{~rn ljZjljBfno ;]jf cfof]u– ;b:o

%=;b:o

>L a|xd b]j /fo

1= :jf:Yo ;]jf P]g, @)%# sf] bkmf @% adf]lhd a9'jf ;ldlt–;b:o

2= b]xfosf lgsfodf lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @) -!s_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldlt – cWoIf · pBf]u, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno· s[lif tyf kz'kG5L ljsf; dGqfno

3= lqe'jg ljZjljBfno ;]jf cfof]u – ;b:o

4= g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fg ;]jf cfof]u – cWoIf

§ @)&& j}zfv !@ b]lv ;]jf lgj[t eP kZrft\ lghsf] sfo{df k/]sf sfdx?sf] lhDd]jf/L cfof]usf] lg0f{on] j}slNks ?kdf x]g]{ lhDd]jf/L kfPsf dfglgo ;b:o >L a|xd b]j /foaf6 ;Dkfbg x'g] u/]sf] .

14



^=;b:o

>L s[i0frGb| emf

1= ;}lgs P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf !@ adf]lhd clws[t txsf] kbk"lt{ l;kmfl/; ;ldlt – cWoIf

2= Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;lrjfno ;DaGwL P]g, @)^$ sf] bkmf #%-$_ adf]lhdsf] 3= a9'jf ;ldlt – cWoIf

4= Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;lrjfno ;DaGwL P]g, @)^$ sf] bkmf @&-!_-;lrj afx]s_ adf]lhdsf] a9'jf ;ldlt – cWoIf

5= b]xfosf lgsfodf lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @) -!s_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldlt – cWoIf· k//fi6« dGqfno· cy{ dGqfno· ;x/L ljsf; dGqfno· ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno· jg tyf jftfj/0f dGqfno

6= lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @)-!_ adf]lhd /f=k= ljlzi6 >]0fL afx]ssf kbx?sf] a9'jf ;ldlt -jg ;]jf afx]s_ – ;b:o

7= :jf:Yo ;]jf lgodfjnL,@)%% sf] lgod ^% adf]lhdsf] a9'jf ;ldlt – cWoIf

8= lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @)-!_ adf]lhd jg ;]jfsf sd{rf/Lsf] 9= a9'jf ;ldlt – cWoIf

10=kf]v/f ljZjljBfno ;]jf cfof]u – ;b:o

11=/fli6«o cg';Gwfg ljefu 5gf}6 ;ldlt – cWoIf

12=g]kfn lj1fg tyf k|ljlw k|1f k|lti7fg ;]jf cfof]u–;b:o

13=kf6g :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fg, kbk"lt{ ;ldlt – ;b:o

14=g]kfn ;+:s[t ljZjljBfno ;]jf cfof]u – ;b:o

15=s[lif tyf jg lj1fg ljZjljBfno ;]jf cfof]u – ;b:o

15


tflnsf $k|Tofof]lht clwsf/x¿

qm=;+= k|Tofof]lht clwsf/clwsf/ k|of]u ug]{

clwsf/L;DalGwt sfof{no

-b/vf:t Joj:yfkg s]Gb| afx]s_

!=

g]kfn lzIff ;]jf, lzIff k|zf;g ;d"x,

lg/LIf0f pk;d"x, /f=k=t[tLo >]0fLsf]

lj1fkgsf] lnlvt k/LIff ;+rfng ug]{ .

cfof]usf /f=k=k|yd >]0fLsf

sfof{no k|d'vx¿


sfof{no k|d'v x'g] sfof{nox¿

@=zfvf clws[t, /f=k=t[tLo -ck|f=_ sf] k|yd

r/0fsf] k/LIff ;+rfng ug]{ .

cfof]usf /f=k=k|yd / låtLo

>]0fLsf sfof{no k|d'vx¿

cfof]u cGt{utsf ;a}

sfof{nox¿

#=

lghfdtL ;]jf -Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;]jf ;d]t_

leqsf ljleGg ;]jfsf ;a} ;d"xsf ;DalGwt

sfo{If]q leqsf /f=k=cg+= k|yd >]0fL ;Ddsf

kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu pko'Qmtf k/LIf0f u/L

l;kmfl/; ug]{ .


sfof{no k|d'vx¿



$=/f=k=cg+=k|yd >]0fL -k|fljlws÷ ck|fljlws_

kbsf] lnlvt k/LIff ;~rfng .



cfof]u cGtu{tsf ;a}

sfof{nox¿

%=

g]kfn :jf:Yo ;]jfsf ;a} ;d"x, pk;d"xsf

;DalGwt sfo{If]q leqsf ;xfos kfFrf}

tx;Ddsf k|fljlws kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu

pko'Qmtf k/LIf0f u/L l;kmfl/; ug]{

cfof]usf k|yd >]0fLsf

sfof{no k|d'vx¿ cfof]usf /f=k=k|yd >]0fLsf


^=

lghfdtL ;]jf leqsf ljleGg ;]jf, ;d"xsf

;DalGwt sfo{If]q leqsf /f=k=cg+= låtLo

>]0fL ;Ddsf / g]kfn :jf:Yo ;]jfsf ;a}

;d"x, pk;d"xsf ;xfos rf}yf] tx;Ddsf

k|fljlws kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu pko'Qmtf

k/LIf0f u/L l;kmfl/; ug]{ .


>]0fLsf sfof{no k|d'vx¿ cfof]u cGtu{tsf ;a}

sfof{nox¿

&=

6fOlki6 juL{s/0f of]hgf, @)#* cg';f/

lghfdtL ;]jf leqsf 6fOlki6x¿sf] ;a}

>]0fLsf -/f=k=cg+= k|yd >]0fL;Dd_ sf]

pko'Qmtfsf] k/LIf0f u/L a9'jf l;kmfl/;

ug]{ .



sfof{nox¿

16


qm=;+= k|Tofof]lht clwsf/clwsf/ k|of]u ug]{

clwsf/L;DalGwt sfof{no

-b/vf:t Joj:yfkg s]Gb| afx]s_

*=

cfof]uaf6 :yfoL kbk"tL{sf nflu clwsf/

k|Tofof]hg ePsf kbx¿df ;DalGwt ;]jf

;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd

5'§} of]Uotfqmdsf] ;"rL k|sflzt u/L ;f]xL

;"rLaf6 l/Qm kbdf c:yfoL kbk"lt{ ug{

;DalGwt lgsfodf l;kmfl/; ug]{ / k|rlnt

sfg"g adf]lhd Dofb yk ug{ ;xdlt lbg] .



sfof{nox¿

(=

cfof]un] k|f/lDes k/LIff x'g] egL tf]lsPsf

/f=k=t[tLo -ck|f=_ >]0fLsf kbsf] låtLo

r/0fsf] k/LIff ;+rfng ug]{ .


sfof{no k|d'vx¿



!)=

cfof]usf wgs'6f, hn]Zj/, sf7df8f}+, kf]v/f,

a'6jn, ;'v]{t, lbkfon, Onfd, vf]6fª, x]6f}+8f,

afUn'ª, bfª, h'Dnf, dx]Gb|gu/ sfof{non]

cfÇgf] clwsf/ leq /xL lg/LIf0f ug]{ .



sfof{nox¿

!!=cfof]un] ;do ;dodf tf]s]sf k/LIffx¿

;~rfng ug]{ .



cfof]u cGtu{tsf ;a}

sfof{nox¿

gf]6 M :yfgLo txsf] @)&^.@.!% df k|sflzt lj1fkgsf] xsdf cfof]u cGtu{tsf ;Dk"0f{ sfof{nox?n] a'Fbf g+ @ / # sf] clwsf/If]q leq /xL :yfgLo txsf] rf}yf] / kfFrf} txsf] k/LIff ;~rfng / pDd]bjf/sf] lgo'lQmsf] nflu pko'Qmtf k/LIf0f ug]{ ;d]tsf] sfd ug{ / 5}7f}+ txsf] lnlvt k/LIff ;~rfng ug{ clwsf/ k|Tofof]lht ul/Psf] .

17


kl/R5]b #

k|zf;lgs tyf ljQLo l:ylt

#=! a}7s tyf lg0f{o

cfly{s jif{ @)&^÷&& sf] cjlwdf s'n %^ k6s cfof]usf] a}7sx? a;L @!@ j6f lg0f{ox¿ lnOPsf 5g\ . cfof]usf] lg0f{o ;+Vof tyf ltgsf] ljifout juL{s/0f tflnsf % df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

tflnsf %cfof]usf lg0f{ox¿sf] ljifout juL{s/0f

qm=;+= lg0f{osf ljifox¿lg0f{o ;+Vof

@)&@÷ @)÷&$ @)&$÷&% @)&%÷&^ @)&^÷&&

1 ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yf 4 79 66 65 632 ljefuLo ;hfosf] k/fdz{ 119 158 106 79 443 a9'jf ;DaGwL 43 48 46 12 254 gLlt–lgod ;DaGwL 50 23 28 66 295 k/LIff, cGtjf{tf{ / glthf 17 15 44 28 206 z}lIfs of]Uotf 21 16 17 8 77 kf7\oqmd tyf d"Nof°g 32 16 15 10 68 ljljw 41 28 18 29 18

hDdf 327 383 340 297 212

cfof]un] o; cfly{s jif{e/L u/]sf lg0f{ox?dWo] w]/} lg0f{ox¿ ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yf;+u ;DalGwt 5g\ . o; cjlwdf ljefuLo ;hfosf] k/fdz{ ;DaGwL s"n $$ j6f Pjd\ gLlt lgod ;Da4 s'n @( j6f lg0f{ox¿ ePsf 5Gf\ . ljifout lg0f{ox¿sf] ljj/0f ;DalGwt kl/R5]bdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .

#=@ cfof]usf] b/aGbL / kbk"lt{

g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t b/aGbL cg';f/ nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] ;lrjfno / cGtu{tsf lgsfox¿df s'n # ;o (( hgf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] b/aGbL /x]sf] 5 . h;df /fhkqfl°t ! ;o #@, /fhkq cgl°t ! ;o ^! / >]0fL ljxLg ! ;o ^ b/aGbL /x]sf] 5 . s'n b/aGbL dWo] lj=;+= @)&& ;fn cfiff9 d;fGt;Ddsf] tYof° cg';f/ # ;o %% kbx¿ k"lt{ ePsf 5g\ eg] $$ kbx¿ l/Qm 5g\ . cfof]usf] kl/dflh{t ;+/rgf cg';f/ s]Gb|Lo sfof{no tyf dftxtsf cGo sfof{nox¿df /x]sf] sfof{nout Pj+ txut b/aGbL ;+Vof, kbk"lt{ / l/Qm cj:yf tflnsf ^ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

18


tflnsf ^cfof]u tyf dftxtsf sfof{nox¿df /x]sf] b/aGbL tyf kbk"lt{sf] cj:yf


/f=k= k|yd

/f=k= låtLo

/f=k= t[tLo

/f=k=cg+= k|yd

/f=k= cg+= låtLo


>]0fL ljxLg -sf=;=_

s'n b/aGbL

!= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, s]Gb|Lo sfof{no 1 6 19 56 65 8 15 23 193@= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, wgs'6f sfof{no - 1 1 2 5 1 1 4 15#= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, hn]Zj/ sfof{no - 1 1 2 5 1 1 4 15$= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, sf7df8f}+ sfof{no - 1 2 5 9 3 2 5 27%= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, kf]v/f sfof{no - 1 1 2 5 1 1 4 15^= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, a'6jn sfof{no - 1 1 2 5 1 1 4 15&= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, ;'v{]t sfof{no - 1 1 2 5 1 1 4 15*= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, lbkfon sfof{no - 1 1 2 5 1 1 4 15(= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, Onfd sfof{no - - 1 1 4 1 1 3 11!)= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, vf]6fª sfof{no - - 1 1 4 1 1 3 11!!= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, x]6f}+8f sfof{no - - 1 1 4 1 1 3 11!@= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, afUn'ª sfof{no - - 1 1 4 1 1 3 11!#= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, bfª sfof{no - - 1 1 4 1 1 3 11!$= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, h'Dnf sfof{no - - 1 1 4 1 1 3 11!%= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, dx]Gb|gu/ sfof{no - - 1 1 4 1 1 3 11!^= b/vf:t Joj:yfkg s]Gb| - - 1 3 4 1 1 2 12

s'n b/aGbL 1 13 35 83 136 25 31 75 399hDdf k"lt{ 1 12 34 71 115 21 30 71 355

l/St b/aGbL 1 1 12 21 4 1 4 44

#=# Ifdtf ljsf;

cfof]u jf cGtu{t sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?sf] Ifdtf ljsf;sf nflu o; cf=j= @)&^÷&& df # hgf sd{rf/LnfO{ j}b]lzs e|d0fdf k7fOPsf] 5 eg] ^ hgf /fhkqf+lst sd{rf/Ln] ;]jfsfnLg tflnd k|fKt u/]sf 5Gf\ . o;sf ;fy} nf]s ;]jf cfof]uaf6 sfo{;Dkfbg ;DaGwL 5f]6f] / nfdf] cjlwsf tflnd tyf uf]i7Lx¿ ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . Ifdtf ljsf; ;DaGwL pko{'Qm e|d0f tyf tflnd Pj+ uf]i7Laf6 cg'ej cfbfg–k|bfg x'g'sf] ;fy} ;f+u7lgs k|jt{g Pj+ Ifdtf ljsf;df ;3fp k'u]sf] 5 .

19


k':tsfno ;]jf

cfof]usf] k':tsfnodf bIf÷lj1x¿sf nflu ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L ;d]t x'g] u/L ljleGg :jb]zL÷ljb]zL n]vsx¿åf/f n]lvPsf cl3Nnf] cf=j= ;Dd !$ xhf/ % ;o % k':tsx? /x]sf]df o; cf=j=df ̂ % yfg vl/b ul/Psf] / $( yfg pkxf/ :j¿k k||fKt eO{ s'n !$ xhf/ ^ ;o !( k':tsx? Pjd\ dxTjk"0f{ k|sfzgx¿ ;+u|lxt /x]sf 5g\ . o; cfly{s jif{df cfof]usf sd{rf/L afx]s &$% hgfeGbf a9L kf7s, cg';Gwfgstf{, lj1 tyf bIfx¿n] cfof]usf] k':tsfno ;]jf k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ .

#=$ lg/LIf0f

;fj{hlgs lgsfox¿df lgo'lQm, a9'jf / ljefuLo sf/jfxLsf lqmofsnfkx¿ sfg"g adf]lhd ;~rfng ePsf 5g\ 5}gg\ eGg] ;DaGwdf cfof]u / o; cGtu{tsf sfof{nox?af6 ljleGg lgsfox¿sf] lg/LIf0f ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs lgsfox¿af6 eP u/]sf lgo'lQm, a9'jf tyf ljefuLo sf/jfxL ;DaGwL sfo{x¿ k|rlnt sfg"g cg's'n x'g]u/L kl/kfngf u/fpg cfof]usf] lg/LIf0f sfo{n] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng] ub{5 . sfof{nox¿sf] lg/LIf0f ug]{ qmddf pQm lgsfox¿sf] b/aGbL ;+/rgf, k"lt{ ePsf / l/Qm b/aGbL, kbk"lt{sf k|sf/÷lsl;dx¿, c:yfoL, s/f/ tyf Hofnfbf/Ldf ePsf lgo'lQmx¿, cfof]uaf6 cjnDag ul/Psf] l;4fGt cg';f/ sd{rf/Lx¿sf] kb:yfkgf lgo'lQm eP÷gePsf] nufotsf ljifox¿nfO{ cfwf/ dflgG5 .

#=% ah]6, lgsf;f / vr{

cf=j= @)&^÷)&& sf] nflu ljleGg zLif{sx¿df ljlgof]lht ah]6 / ;f] ;DaGwL vr{sf] ljj/0f tflnsf & df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . cfly{s ljj/0fx¿sf vr{ zLif{sdf s]Gb|Lo / dftxtsf sfof{nosf cg';f/ g} :jLs[t ePsf] x'Fbf sfof{no cg';f/df vr{ ljj/0f pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

tflnsf &s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / dftfxtsf sfof{nox¿sf] ljlgof]lht ah]6, lgsf;f / vr{

-/sd ?= xhf/df_

qm=;+= cfof]hgfsf] gfd jflif{s ah]6 vr{ afFsL!= s]Gb|Lo sfof{no

s_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u tkm{ -@!)))))!#_ 8,460 8,236 224v_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, k|zf;lgs vr{ ;d]t -@!))))!!#_ 391219 312305 78,914u_ ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0ftkm{ k"FhLut vr{ -@!))))!!$_ 8,900 2,668 6,232

s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] hDdf 4,08,579 3,23,209 85,370@= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u sfof{nox? -k"FhLut vr{_ -@!)(!)!!$_ 57216 41574 15642

20


qm=;+= cfof]hgfsf] gfd jflif{s ah]6 vr{ afFsL

#= nf]s ;]jf cfof]u sfof{nox? -rfn' vr{_ -@!)(!)!!#_ 3,75,896 3,05,515 70,381

s_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, wgs'6f sfof{no 32,796 31,256 1,540

v_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, Onfd sfof{no 18,158 12,650 5,508

u_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, vf]6fª sfof{no 14,634 10,143 4,491

3_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, hn]Zj/ sfof{no 30,803 30,328 475

ª_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, sf7df8f}+ sfof{no 70,142 48,133 22,009

r_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, x]6f}+8f sfof{no 16,888 13,070 3,818

5_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, kf]v/f sfof{no 30,417 23,495 6,922

h_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, afUn'ª sfof{no 16,549 13,002 3,547

em_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, a'6jn sfof{no 28,042 22,020 6,022

`_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, bfª sfof{no 22,651 22,179 472

6_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, ;'v]{t sfof{no 28,095 23,636 4,459

7_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, h'Dnf sfof{no 15,049 11,446 3,603

8_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, lbkfon sfof{no 22,500 20,978 1,522

9_ nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, dx]Gb|gu/ sfof{no 18,340 14,139 4,201

0f_ b/vf:t Joj:yfkg s]Gb|, sf7df8f} 10,832 9,040 1,792

s'n hDdf 8,41,691 6,70,298 1,71,393

#=^ /fh:j / w/f}6L

cfly{s jif{ @)&^÷)&& df cfof]usf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no tyf dftxtsf sfof{nox¿af6 hDdf ?= !& s/f]8 * nfv %% xhf/ /fh:j ;°ng ePsf] 5 . To:t} cfof]usf ;a} sfof{nox¿df u/L hDdf ?= $% nfv ( xhf/ w/f}6L df}Hbft /x]sf] 5 . /fh:j / w/f}6Lsf] ljj/0f tflnsf * df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

tflnsf *cfof]u tyf cGtu{tsf sfof{nox¿af6 ;+slnt /fh:j / w/f}6L

-/sd ?= xhf/df_

qm=;+= sfof{nosf] gfd /fh:j w/f}6L 1 s]Gb|Lo sfof{no, sf7df8f}+ 419.28 1183.602 nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, wgs'6f sfof{no 212.25 528.993 nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, Onfd sfof{no 74.60 21.534 nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, vf]6fª sfof{no 16.60 0.00

21


qm=;+= sfof{nosf] gfd /fh:j w/f}6L 5 nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, hn]Zj/ sfof{no 203.81 237.506 nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, sf7df8f}+ sfof{no 50.75 195.457 nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, x]6f}+8f sfof{no 218.55 71.528 nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, kf]v/f sfof{no 210.80 253.939 nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, afUn'ª sfof{no 60.20 8.8210 nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, a'6jn sfof{no 239.10 1692.5211 nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, bfª sfof{no 124.35 59.1512 nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, ;'v]{t sfof{no 203.88 37.4713 nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, h'Dnf sfof{no 638.89 1147.1714 nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, lbkfon sfof{no 57.50 8.8915 nf]s ;]jf cfof]u, dx]Gb|gu/ sfof{no 197.72 33.1116 b/vf:t Joj:yfkg s]Gb|, sf7df8f} 167919.05 83.06

hDdf 170855.00 5562.71

#=& lj1flkt kb;+Vof, b/vf:t / /fh:jsf] t'ngf

cf=j= @)&@÷ b]lv cf=j= @)&^÷&& ;Dd x/]s jif{ k|fKt ePsf s'n b/vf:t / ;+slnt /fh:jnfO{ tflnsf ( df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]uaf6 ;+slnt s'n /fh:j dWo] ((=$ k|ltzt k/LIff b:t'/ afktsf] /fh:j /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf (ut kfFr jif{sf] b/vf:t / /fh:jsf] l:ylt

cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷ @)÷&$ @)&$÷&% @)&%÷&^ @)&^÷&&

b/vf:t ;+Vof 5,95,031 8,44,297 5,67,853 6,72,808* 451,526

k/LIff b:t'/ afktsf] /fh:j 18,09,97,725 21,32,82,264 13,84,68,520 25,87,44,650 169799155

s'n /fh:j 18,32,04,480 21,40,32,029 14,00,55,000 261231000 170855001

#=* a]?h'nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / cGtu{tsf sfof{nox¿sf] cfly{s jif{ @)&^÷&& ;Ddsf] s'n a]?h' / km5\of}{6 ;DaGwL ljj/0f tflnsf !) df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

22


tflnsf !)a]?h' km5\of}{6 l:ylt

qm=;+= ljj/0f /sd -? xhf/df_1 s'n a]?h' 120342 hDdf km5\of}{6 66433 afFsL a]?h' 53914 km5\of}{6 k|ltzt 55.2

#=( ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yf tkm{sf] vr{

#=(=! Jooef/ / vr{ ug]{ tl/sf

;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] kbk"lt{sf nflu ;~rfng x'g] k/LIff ;DaGwL sfo{sf] Jooef/ ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] g} Joxf]g]{ ub{5g\ . ;'/Iff lgsfo tkm{sf] kbk"lt{sf nflu cy{ dGqfnoaf6 cfof]usf] ah]6df g} /sd ;dfj]z e} cfpg] x'gfn] cfof]usf lgoldt sfo{ ;/x vr{ ug]{ ul/G5 . ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] xsdf ;DalGwt ;+:yfnfO{ lj1fkg ug]{ ;xdlt k|bfg ug]{ ;dodf vr{sf] cg'dflgt /sdsf] hfgsf/L lbOG5 . ;DalGwt ;+:yfaf6 lj1fkg ePkl5 pQm cg'dflgt /sd k]ZsLsf ¿kdf dfu ul/G5 / k|fKt /sd sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no -sf]=n]=lg=sf=_ sf] ljljw vftfdf hDdf ul/G5 . ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] kbk"lt{ ;DaGwL sfo{df cfof]uaf6 x'g] vr{sf] e'QmfgL sf]=n]=lg=sf= dfkm{t ul/G5 / sfo{ ;DkGg ePkl5 k]ZsL km5\of}{6 u/L ;Ssn} ;|]:tf ;DalGwt ;+:yfdf k7fOG5 . pQm ;|]:tfsf] clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f ;DalGwt ;+:yfaf6} x'g] ub{5 .

#=(=@ kbk"lt{ vr{

cfly{s jif{ @)&^÷)&& sf] cjlwdf ;+ul7t ;+:yftkm{sf l/St kbk"lt{sf nflu ;~rflnt k/LIff ;DaGwL sfo{df ePsf] ah]6 vr{sf] cj:yf tflnsf !! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

tflnsf !!;+ul7t ;+:yf tkm{ vr{sf] cj:yf

-/sd ?= xhf/df_qm=;+= lgsfo vr{

1 cf}Bf]lus If]q Joj:yfkg lnld6]8 800.02 sd{rf/L ;+ro sf]if 2472.83 b"/;+rf/ k|flws/0f 1492.14 b'Uw ljsf; ;+:yfg 3635.5

23


qm=;+= lgsfo vr{

5 g]kfn gful/s p8\8og k|lzIf0f k|lti7fg 650.06 lgIf]k tyf shf{ ;'/If0f sf]if 800.07 g]kfn cfon lgud lnld6]8 1464.38 g]kfn gf]6/L klAns kl/ifb\\ 400.09 u'7L ;+:yfg 2177.910 k|fljlws lzIff tyf Jofj;flos tflnd kl/ifb\\ 200.011 g]kfn 6]lnlehg 3000.012 g]kfn gful/s p8\8og k|flws/0f 8500.013 g]kfn ko{6g tyf xf]6n Joj:yfkg k|lti7fg 774.114 g]kfn k|zf;lgs k|lzIf0f k|lti7fg 430.115 g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 12245.816 g]kfn /fi6« a}+s 8014.517 g]kfn jfo' ;]jf lgud 3044.818 g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f 17700.019 hgs lzIff ;fdu|L s]Gb| lnld6]8 3000.020 aLdf ;ldlt 1000.021 zxLb u+ufnfn /fli6«o x[bo s]Gb| 2500.022 /fli6«o aLdf sDkgL lnld6]8 3000.023 /fli6«o aLdf ;+:yfg 1297.424 /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s lnld6]8 15943.125 s[lif ljsf; a}+s lnld6]8 18600.026 gful/s nufgL sf]if 3200.027 l;l8P; P08 lSnol/· lnld6]8 1121.428 Gofo kl/ifb\\ ;lrjfno 2185.929 zxLb wd{eSt /fli6«o k|Tof/f]k0f s]Gb| 4659.030 g]kfn kf/jxg tyf uf]bfd Joj:yf sDkgL lnld6]8 2500.031 kf6g :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fg 3387.0

s'n hDdf 130195.8

24


kl/R5]b $

k/LIf0f k|ljlw, z}lIfs of]Uotf / kf7\oqmd

$=! k/LIf0f k|ljlw

;fj{hlgs ;]jfsf] kbdf pDd]bjf/ aGg] Go"gtd zt{sf ¿kdf JolQmn] xfl;n u/]sf] z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] :t/ / If]qnfO{ lnOG5 . kbk"lt{ ug'{kg]{ ;+u7g ljz]if jf sfd ljz]ifnfO{ b[li6ut ub}{ To;sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ 1fg, ;Lk, dgf]j[lQ / Jojxf/ z}nLsf] k/LIf0f ug]{u/L k/LIf0f k|ljlwsf] ljsf; ul/G5 . lglZrt kbdf geO{ >]0fL÷tx ljz]ifsf nflu sd{rf/L egf{ x'g] ePsf]n] lghfdtL nufot ljleGg ;fj{hlgs ;]jfdf sd{rf/L 5gf}6 ubf{ kb ljz]ifsf] eGbf ;]jf÷;d"x ljz]ifsf ;femf u'0fx¿sf] k/LIf0f ug]{ u/L ljleGg k/LIf0f k|ljlwx¿sf] k|of]u a9fpFb} nluPsf] 5 .

;fljssf] k/LIf0f k4ltn] ;+1fgfTds (Cognitive) kIfdf a9L hf]8 lbPsf]df JolQmsf cGo u'0f / Ifdtfsf] ;d]t k/LIf0f x'g]u/L cfof]un] lj=;+= @)&! ;fndf Assessment Center Methodology (ACM) cjnDag ug]{ lbzfdf cufl8 a9\g] gLltut lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . ;f]xL cg'¿k g]kfn k|zf;g ;]jf / g]kfn jg ;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fLsf kbx¿sf] Competency Mapping u/Lk/LIf0fsf] 9fFrf tof/ kf/L lj=;+= @) df ck|fljlws tkm{sf /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fLsf kf7\oqmdx¿ kl/dfh{g ub}{ dfldnf cWoog / k|:t'tLs/0f (Case Study and Presentation) k/LIffx¿ ;dfj]z ul/of] .

ACM k4ltnfO{ pk;lrj kbsf] sd{rf/L 5gf}6df nfu" ug]{ tof/L :Jf?k DFID sf] ;dGjo / Global Partnership International (GPI), UK sf] k|fljlws ;xof]udf ck|fljlws ;]jf tkm{sf ljleGg ;d"xsf pk;lrj :t/sf sd{rf/Lx?sf] nflu Competency Mapping sfo{zfnf dfkm{t ;"rgf tyf tYof+s ;Ísng ug]{ sfo{ ;DkGg ul/;lsPsf] 5 . Assessment Centre nfO{ Jojl:yt ?kn] :yfkgf u/L k/LIf0f ljlwx?sf] klxrfg, bIfx?nfO{ cled'vLs/0f, tflnd sfo{zfnf dfkm{t Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{sf] nflu ax'jifL{o of]hgfsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug]{tkm{ cfof]u pGd'v /x]sf] 5 .

/f=k= t[tLo >]0fL ck|fljlws tkm{ ;d]t Compentancy Mapping Survery lj=;+= @)&$÷&% b]lv ul/Fb} cfPsf]df @)&&÷&* df tYof° ljZn]if0f u/L ;Ifdtf klxrfg / To;sf] kl/eflift ug]{ sfo{ cfGtl/s ;|f]taf6 cfof]usf] k/LIf0f k|ljlw tyf kf7\oqmd dxfzfvfaf6 eO/x]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! ;Dddf ;DkGg ug]{ ;f]rsf ;fy sfo{ cufl8 a9fOPsf] 5 . /f=k= t[tLo >]0fL ck|fljlws tkm{ ;fd"lxs 5nkmn k/LIf0f ljlw /x]sf]df k|fljlwstkm{ ;d]t cf=j= @)&@÷ b]lv nfu' eO;s]sf] 5 .

25


cf=j= @)&%÷)&^ af6 ck|fljlwstkm{ g]kfn k|zf;g ;]jf -;fdfGo k|zf;g, n]vf / /fh:j ;d"x_, g]kfn k//fi6« ;]jf, g]kfn Gofo ;]jf -Gofo, sfg'g tyf ;/sf/L jlsn ;d"x_, g]kfn n]vfk/LIf0f ;]jf tyf Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;]jfsf /fhkqf+lst låtLo >]0fL, pk;lrj jf ;f] ;/x kbsf v'nf tyf cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffsf] låtLo r/0fdf ;+o'St ?kdf Pp6} k|Zgkqaf6 ;~rfng ug]{ u/L In Basket Exercise k/LIf0f ljlw sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] 5.

/f=k= t[tLo >]0fL ck|fljlws tkm{ dfq ;fd"lxs 5nkmn k/LIf0f ljlw /x]sf]df k|fljlws tkm{ ;d]t cfly{s jif{ @)&@.) b]lv nfu" eO;s]sf] 5 .

$=@ z}lIfs of]Uotf / kf7\oqmd

$=@ =! z}lIfs of]Uotf ;DaGwdf pTkGg låljwf pk/ lg0f{o

ljleGg kbsf nflu lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotf ;DaGwdf b]lvPsf ljleGg låljwfx¿sf] lg/fs/0f ug]{ l;nl;nfdf cfof]un] k|ltj]bg cjlwe/ u/]sf d'Vo d'Vo lg0f{ox¿ tflnsf !@ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

tflnsf !@z}lIfs of]Uotf ;DaGwdf låljwf pk/ cfof]uaf6 ePsf] lg0f{o

qm=;+= ljj/0f lg0f{o

!=

g]kfn :jf:Yo ;]jf, ;h{/L ;d"x, :kf]6{;\ tyf cy|f{]:sf]lks ;h{/L pk;d"x, gjf}+ tx, sG;N6]06 :kf]6{;\ tyf cy|f{]:sf]lks ;h{g kbsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd of]Uotf ;DaGwdf .

s_ pDd]bjf/n] k]z u/]sf] cyf]{k]l8s ;h{/L ljifodf :gftsf]Q/ u/L Doctor of Philoshophy Specializing in Surgery Orthopedics and Sports Medicine pkflw / g]kfn d]l8sn sfplG;ndf Doctor of Philoshophy Specializing in Surgery Orthopedics and Sports Medicine df btf{ ePsf] of]UotfnfO{ g]kfn :jf:Yo ;]jf, ;h{/L ;d"x, :kf]6{;\ tyf cy|f{{]:sf]lks ;h{/L pk;d"x, gjf} tx, sG;N6]06 :kf]6{;\ tyf cy|f{]:sf]lks ;h{g kbsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] ?kdf lng] . o; ;DaGwdf ldlt @)&^.)#.)% ut]sf] cfof]usf] lg0f{o @**÷)&%–&^ nfO{ vf/]h u/L lgh pDd]bjf/sf] b/vf:t :jLs[t ug]{ .

v_ plNnlvt kbsf] Go"gtd of]UotfnfO{ :ki6 agfpg dfly ljifo ljj/0f pNn]v ul/Psf] z}lIfs of]Uotfdf k'gla{rf/sf] nflu ;]jf, ;d"x ;+rfng ug]{ :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfnodf n]vL k7fpg] .

lg0f{o g+ *#÷@)&^.)*.!^

26


qm=;+= ljj/0f lg0f{o

@=

g]kfn OlGhlgol/· ;]jf, l;len ;d"x, lalN8· P08 cfls{6]S6 pk;d"x, /f=k=k|yd >]0fLsf] ;x;lrj kbsf] z}lIfs of]Uotf låljwf ;DaGwdf .

!= Master of Science in Construction Management (Pokhara University) pkflwnfO{ g]kfn OlGhlgol/· ;]jf, l;len ;d"x, lalN8· P08 cfls{6]S6 pk;d"x, /f=k=k|yd >]0fL, ;x ;lrj kbsf] nflu cfjZos Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] ?kdf b/vf:t :jLs[t ug]{ .

@= Master of Disaster Management (Grips University, Japan) sf] pkflwnfO{ g]kfn OlGhlgol/· ;]jf, l;len ;d"x, lalN8· P08 cfls{6]S6 pk;d"x, /f=k=k|yd >]0fL, ;x;lrj kbsf] nflu cfjZos Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] ?kdf dfGg g;lsg] x'Fbf b/vf:t c:jLs[t ug]{.

lg0f{o g+= (@÷)&^–)*–@^

#=

g]kfn lzIff ;]jf, d'b|0f ;d"x, d'b|0f Joj:yfkg pk;d"x, /fhkq cg+lst k|yd >]0fL, jl/i7 d'b|0f ;xfos / låtLo >]0fL, d'b|0f ;xfos kbdf ;]jf k|j]zsf] nflu k|:tfljt Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k/fdz{ ;DaGwdf .

g]kfn lzIff ;]jf, d'b|0f Joj:yfkg ;d"x, d'b|0f Joj:yfkg pk;d"x, /fhkq cg+lst k|yd >]0fLM

dfGotf k|fKt ;+:yfaf6 b]xfosf] of]Uotf dWo] s'g} Ps of]Uotf jf ;f] ;/x xfl;n u/]sf]M

· dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 ;DalGwt ljifodf -d'b|0f_ k|df0fkq tx pQL0f{ .

· dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 k|df0fkq jf ;f] ;/x pQL0f{ / sDtLdf # -tLg_ dlxgfsf] cfwf/e"t sDKo'6/ tflnd tyf d'b|0f -k|];_ ;DaGwL ^ dlxgfsf] tflnd k|fKt .

· dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 k|df0fkq jf ;f] ;/x pQL0f{ / sDtLdf # -tLg_ dlxgfsf] cfwf/e"t sDKo'6/ tflnd tyf d'b|0f -k]|;_ ;DaGwL @ -b'O{_ jif{sf] cg'ej (Pre press, Press, Post press) k|fKt .

g]kfn lzIff ;]jf, d'b|0f Joj:yfkg ;d"x, d'b|0f Joj:yfkg pk;d"x, /fhkq cg+lst låtLo >]0fL M

dfGotf k|fKt ;+:yfaf6 b]xfosf] of]Uotf dWo] s'g

Documents

of]Uotf lgikIftf :jR5tf · 2021. 1. 5. · sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z!= lj1fkg ljleGg ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ lgsfox¿af6 l/Qm kbk"lt{sf nflu cfof]udf dfu eP cg'¿k cfof]usf]] jflif{s sfo{tflnsfdf