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ON-ROAD AND NON-ROAD SOURCES

Melinda Ronca-Battista and Angelique Luedeker,

ITEP/TAMS Center

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ON-ROAD EMISSION SOURCES

Emissions from vehicles includeExhaustBrake and tire wearEvaporation

2 main classification categoriesBy vehicle typeBy road type

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VEHICLE TYPES

Vehicle types – GasolineLight duty gasoline vehicles (LDG Vs & Ts)

Passenger cars & trucksMotorcycles (MC)Heavy duty gasoline vehicles (HDGV 2b-

8b) Modifier based on gross vehicle weight rating

(gvwr) Trucks Busses

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VEHICLE TYPES (CONT.) Vehicle types – Diesel

Light duty diesel vehicles (LDDV - cars) Light duty diesel trucks (LDDT < 8500 lb gvwr) Heavy duty diesel trucks (HDDV 8500 to >60K lb

gvwr) School & public transportation busses

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ROAD TYPES

Road types – Rural & Urban Arterials

Interstates Other major highways Minor highways

Collectors On & off ramps

Locals

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VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED (VMT)

On-Road emissions based on total vehicle miles traveled (VMT) per road type per year

** Emission estimates for paved and non-paved road dust also rely on VMT calculations!

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VMT (CONT.)

VMT exampleState Route 1 (SR1) is a 10-mile-long stretch

of rural highwayOn average, 100 cars travel road every dayTotal VMT for cars = 10 miles x 100

vehicles/day x 365 days/year =

365,000 vehicle miles/year

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EPA MOVES MODEL

Complex black box model Factors in emission modeling

Climate (Seasonal temp, humidity, elevation)

Type of road (braking & accelerating estimates)

Registration records (how old are the cars)

Fuel type (sulfur content, vapor pressure, MTBE)

Other

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ON-ROAD EMISSION ESTIMATION OPTIONS FOR TRIBES Option 1: Get training on MOVES and run it!

Most accurate method since emissions are then specific to the reservation Vehicle population on tribal land could be different than off tribal land

E.g.: Average vehicle age?

Option 2: Allocate (scale down) county level NEI emissions to the reservation levelEstimate VMT for on reservation roadsCalculate ratio of the reservation VMT to the county VMTMultiply county level emissions by ratio

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COUNTY VMT DATA

State department of transportation agencies can be a source of VMT data Some states have VMT data available online, for

example California Air Resources Board EMFAC database: http://www.arb.ca.gov/emfac/

ITEP has county VMT data from 2011 NEI in a spreadsheet, 2011NEICountyVMT.xlsx VMT data are summed by county and road type

Demonstration of Using Spreadsheet and TEISS Reports to Estimate On-Road Emissions

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NON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES Any moving, motor-driven thing

Tractors Construction equipment ATVs, off-road motorcycles, non-commercial boats

Doesn’t have to be a vehicle Lawn and garden equipment Generators Irrigation pumps

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EPA NONROAD MODEL

Emissions from these vehicles usually estimated using EPA’s NONROAD model Gives results only on state or county basis

Have to modify input files to run for reservation

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NON-ROAD EMISSION ESTIMATION OPTIONS FOR TRIBES

Option 1: Learn to use the NONROAD modelMost accurate method since emissions are

then specific to the reservation

Option 2: Allocate (scale down) county level NEI emissions to the reservation levelThis allocation can be based on reservation to

county land area ratioFor some source categories, calculation of a

more relevant ratio might be possible

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NON-ROAD EXAMPLE ALLOCATIONS Recreational Marine Vessels

Allocation based on ratio of reservation lake area or shoreline distance to county lake area or shoreline distance

Lawn and Garden Equipment Allocation based on ratio of number of reservation households to number of

households in the county

Demonstration of Using Allocations and TEISS Reports to Estimate Non-Road Emissions

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HOMEWORK DUE IN 5 DAYS: Write out how you plan to estimate the

reservation on-road emissions and non-road emissions

Email the plan to the instructors