On the Home Front

Chapter 19, section 2

Quick Write

• Define the following terms– Militarism– Alliances– Imperialism– Nationalism

• Use the text to explain how each contributed to war in Europe.

• Was any nation primarily responsible for World War I?

• Give evidence to support your opninion.

Total War

• As the war drug on, nations realized they needed the full commitment of their entire society

• Resulted in policies of total war, the channeling of a nation’s entire resources into a war

Effects of Total War

• Military draft• Millions of young

men drafted on both sides to fight

Effects of Total War

• Taxes raised

Effects of Total War

• Rationing of food and products

Effects of Total War• Government

censorship• Controlling the

public opinion was important

• AIM:Keep discouraging news from reaching public

Effects of Total War

• Propaganda war• Propaganda is the spreading of ideas to

promote a cause or damage an opposing cause

• Both sides spend money on propaganda

Women during WWI

• Played large role• Women took jobs

in war industries that were left by the men

• Kept economies going

Women during WWI• Edith Cavell—

became a national hero in Britain

• Nurse that was caught helping prisoners escape

• Shot by Germany

Russian Revolution• Morale became low in all the countries• WWI hit Russia especially hard• March 1917, the czar will be

overthrown• Eventually, Vladimir Lenin will take

control of the government• Signs the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

USA entry into WWI

• USA had remained neutral, but during the course of the war the country moved closer and closer to help the Allies

USA entry into WWI

• Nation had major cultural ties to Great Britain and France

• Some citizens did side with Central Powers

Reasons for USA entry into WWI

1. In 1917, Great Britain intercepted “The Zimmerman Note”

USA entry into WWI2. 1915, Lusitania

Sunk 128 Americans killed

3. Violated the Sussex Pledge.

* German U-boats practiced unrestricted submarine warfare and sunk several merchant ships

USA entry into WWI

• April 1917, President Woodrow Wilson asks and receives a Declaration of War on Germany