One Health InitiativeOne Health InitiativeGlobal Clearinghouse for Global Clearinghouse for ActionAction involving involving

Rabies and Other ZoonosesRabies and Other Zoonoses

the pro bono OHI TeamLaura Kahn MD

Bruce Kaplan DVMTom Monath MDJack Woodall PhD

DefinitionDefinition

“One Health is the collaborative efforts of multiple

disciplines working locally, nationally, and globally to attain

optimal health for People & other animals,

plants and our environment.”

Rabies: Perfect ExampleRabies: Perfect Exampleof how of how One Health One Health is is essentialessential

• Physicians to vaccinate & treat victims

• Veterinarians to vaccinate & sterilize dogs & cats

• Wildlife experts to advise on oral vaccination

• Ecologists to tell responsible authorities why sterilization is better than culling

• Sanitarians to eliminate garbage that feeds strays

• Educators to teach people to vaccinate their pets

• Media to inform about risks & prevention, e.g. bats

Benefit - Benefit - SynergismSynergism

The One Health concept is a worldwide strategy for expanding

• interdisciplinary collaboration & communication

• in all aspects of health care for • humans, animals and the environment.

The synergism achieved will advance health care for the 21st century & beyond by…

1. Accelerating biomedical 1. Accelerating biomedical research discoveriesresearch discoveries

Multidisciplinary teams of veterinarians, physicians, virologists & wildlife ecologists were responsible for:

• Development of cell culture and oral-bait wildlife rabies vaccines

• Discovery of the Lyassavirus family of rabies-related viruses

• Developing PCR methods for detection of rabies• Human monoclonal antibodies for post-exposure

treatment for rabies

Accelerating biomedical research Accelerating biomedical research discoveries discoveries (cont.)(cont.)

More examples: • Cancer (human & animal)– breast, ovaries, liver, skin melanoma vaccines

• Orthopedic diseases/devices (human & animal)– treat human osteoarthritis, develop prostheses,

artificial joints

• Heart disease (human)– treat and prevent heart attacks with intra-

coronary arterial “stents”, new drugs

2. Enhancing public health efficacy2. Enhancing public health efficacyExamples:• Multidisciplinary collaborations of physicians,

veterinarians, nurses, microbiologists, engineers, sanitarians, dentists, statisticians, entomologists, ecologists and others

• Collaborations between local, state, and national agencies – (including local local & state state) –to facilitate and advance disease prevention & control

3. Expeditiously expanding the 3. Expeditiously expanding the scientific knowledge base scientific knowledge base

Historic examples:• Discovery and naming Ebola virus– K.M. Johnson MD, F. A. Murphy DVM& others at CDC (USA), 1976.

• Nobel prize for physiology or medicine – collaborative research by immunologists R. M.

Zinkernagel MD & P.C. Doherty DVM uncovers basic science of how body distinguishes normal from virus-infected cells, 1996.

Expeditiously expanding the Expeditiously expanding the scientific knowledge base scientific knowledge base (cont.)(cont.)

Current examples:• Surveillance for bat Lyssaviruses and disease• Quantitating rabies exposure health risks• Defining transmission dynamics and molecular

epidemiology of rabies strains• Improving rabies vaccination techniques,

e.g. intradermal inoculation

4. Improving medical education 4. Improving medical education and clinical careand clinical care

• Significant, improved patient education if physicians and veterinarians advise patients/clients collaboratively about zoonotic risks from pets and wildlife.

• Knowledge sharing (comparative medicine) at schools of medicine and veterinary medicine – learning how animal and human health impact each other.

One Health Initiative One Health Initiative www.onehealthinitiative.com

Global Clearinghouse for Global Clearinghouse for One Health One Health ActionAction

• News items - current & upcoming events– WORLD RABIES DAY, College One Health clubs,

national and international One Health meetings

• Publications – relevant to One Health studies– One Health Newsletter quarterly (Florida Dept. of Health)

• ProMED-mail.org One Health outbreak reports

• Twitter – One Health items

One Health Initiative One Health Initiative www.onehealthinitiative.com

Endorsing Institutions• American Medical Association (AMA)

• American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)• American Society for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

(ASTMH)• U.S. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)• United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)• U.S. National Environmental Health Association

(NEHA)

One Health Initiative One Health Initiative www.onehealthinitiative.com

Join more than 500 prominent scientists, physicians, veterinarians

& environmentalists worldwide

who have endorsed the initiative

www.onehealthinitiative.comwww.onehealthinitiative.comOne Health implementation will help protect and/or save untold millions

of lives in our generation and for those to come

www.onehealthinitiative.com