1
No supplemental light Plant material Daily light integrals (mol m 2 d 1 ) High DLI Low DLI Tomato ‘KomeeA’ 17.2±3.1 8.7±0.3 Solanum lycopersicum Pepper ‘Fascinato’ 23.0±7.1 5.8±1.7 Capsicum annuum Cucumber ‘Cumlaude’ 16.2±5.2 5.1±1.2 Cucumis sa1vus Op#miza#on of Supplemental Light Quality Environment for Vegetable Transplant Produc#on Ricardo Hernández and Chieri Kubota School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona email: [email protected] IntroducOon Greenhouse supplemental lighOng is used in geographical areas and seasons in which sunlight is the limiOng factor for producOon. Vegetable transplants such as tomato, cucumber and pepper seedlings show increased growth and quality when photosyntheOcaly acOve radiaOon is supplemented with the convenOonal highpressure sodium (HPS) lamps. The emerging high intensity lightemiWng diode (LED) lamps are a potenOal alternaOve to current lighOng technology due to its long funcOonal life, low operaOng temperature, low energy consumpOon, and selecOve spectral output. Nevertheless, before being introduced to the commercial greenhouse market, this technology must be properly evaluated in terms of economic feasibility, lamp placement within the greenhouse/canopy, irradiance intensity, and spectral quality required for plant growth. We have examined red and blue LED light qualiOes at varied raOos. In order to test the hypothesis that the light quality requirement may be affected by solar daily light integrals (DLIs), the experiment was designed to compare the plant responses to light qualiOes under two different levels of DLIs created inside the greenhouse using shade screens. Materials and Methods TesOng different RED:BLUE raOos providing 55 μmol m 2 s 1 for 18 hours = 3.54 mol m 2 d 1 of supplemental LED light. Peaks: Blue = 455 nm , Red = 661 nm Treatments Tucson, Arizona Doublelayered acrylic glazing Padandfan cooling system NorthSouth orientaOon Greenhouse growing plahorm Results !"!# !"!% !"!& !"!' !"( !"(# )*+, -./ .01 -./ !"##$ &'( )*++ ,-. !/012 31405 04678 498:6210 8/;18/ 325 ;1!! 2:!</9!: 2034506 .7- 89::6;<;34 P < 0.0001 15 % increase P < 0.0614 53 % increase !"!# !"!% !"!& !"'' !"'( !"'# )*+, -./ .01 -./ !"##$ &'( )*++ ,-. !/012 31405 04678 498:6210 ;:;;:2 325 <1!! 2:!;/9!: 2034506 .7- 89::6;<;34 24 % increase 33 % increase P < 0.0001 P < 0.0001 !"# !"#% !"& !"&% !"' !"'% !"% !"%% !"( !"(% !") *+,- ./0 /12 ./0 !"##$ &'( )*++ ,-. !/012 31405 04678 498:6210 325 ;1!! 2:!</9!: 3145617 /8. 9:;;7<=<45 P < 0.0001 26% increase P < 0.0001 48% increase !"!# !"!#% !"!& !"!&% !"!' !"!'% !"!( !"!(% !") !")!% !")) ! * + # ' )! )* )+ )# )' !"##$ &'( )*++ ,-. /0'102$ #3 4560 57-"$ 89:;89 <=> :;!! =?!/9@!? ,-./ 012 134 012 dry mass = 0.131 ‐ 0.0001942*%blue dry mass = 0.095 ‐ 1.2077e‐5*%blue P = 0.8706 P = 0.9869 !"!# !"!% !"!& !"' !"'( !"'# !"'% ! ( # % & '! '( '# '% '& !"##$ &'( )*++ ,-. /0'102$ #3 4560 57-"$ /8//89 :9; <=!! 98!/>?!8 )*+, -./ .01 -./ # ' dry mass = 0.108 ‐ 9.6839e‐5*%blue dry mass = 0.137 + 0.0002544*%blue P = 0.4577 P = 0.6800 !"# !"#% !"& !"&% !"% !"%% !"' !"'% !"( ! ) & ' * +! +) +& +' +* !"##$ &'( )*++ ,-. /0'102$ #3 4560 57-"$ 8989:;<= >=? :@!! =<!/AB!< ,-./ 012 134 012 dry mass = 0.498 ‐ 0.003881*% blue dry mass = 0.628‐ 0.001742*% blue P = 0.0536 P = 0.5199 !"# !"% &"! &"' &"( &"# &"% ) & * + , !) !& !* !+ !, !"#$%& () *%+,%- .%& .*+/0 1%&2%/0 () $*"% *3450 676789:; <:=> 6?7!@ -./0 123 245 123 leaf count = 2.631‐ 0.0016425*% blue leaf count = 2.126‐ 0.0097756*% blue P = 0.0029 P = 0.765 !"!#$ !"!#& !"!#' !"!#( !"!#) !"!#* !"!+ !"!+# !"!++ ! + $ ' ) #! #+ #$ #' #) !"#$ #&"#'()#*+ ,- . / 0"&1"*+ 2$ 3)4" )567+ 8989:;<= !<>? >=<> =<@0AB@< ,-./ 012 134 012 leaf area = 0.018 ‐ 0.0001184*% blue leaf area = 0.020 ‐ 8.0563e‐5*% blue P = 0.0163 P = 0.2138 Data collecOon Dry mass Fresh mass Plant Height Epicotyl length Hypocotyl length Stem diameter Leaf count Chlorophyll Leaf area Anthocyanin PhotosyntheOc rate Summary LED supplemental lighOng increased growth and improved morphology of tomato ‘KomeeA’, pepper ‘Fascinato’, and cucumber ‘Cumlaude’ seedlings in both high and low DLI condiOons. Tomato ‘KomeeA’ and pepper ‘Fascinato’ did not show any differences in growth or morphology between red and red + blue light under high and low DLI. Cucumber ‘Cumlaude’ did not show any differences in growth or morphology between red and red + blue light under high DLI. However, the red light treatment under low DLI condiOons increased growth compared to red + blue light. 100% 96% 4% 16% 84%

Op#miza#on*of*Supplemental*Light*Quality*Environment*for ...leds.hrt.msu.edu/assets/Uploads/Posters/Supplemental-lighting-of... · No# supplemental# light# Plantmaterial#####Daily#lightintegrals#

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No  supplemental  

light    

Plant  material                                              Daily  light  integrals                                                                  (mol  m-­‐2  d-­‐1)  

                                                                                         High  DLI                    Low  DLI  Tomato  ‘KomeeA’                      17.2±3.1                    8.7±0.3  Solanum  lycopersicum    Pepper  ‘Fascinato’                    23.0±7.1                      5.8±1.7  Capsicum  annuum    Cucumber  ‘Cumlaude’      16.2±5.2                      5.1±1.2  Cucumis  sa1vus  

Op#miza#on  of  Supplemental  Light  Quality  Environment  for  Vegetable  Transplant  Produc#on  Ricardo  Hernández  and  Chieri  Kubota  

School  of  Plant  Sciences,  University  of  Arizona  email:  [email protected]  

   

IntroducOon  Greenhouse  supplemental  lighOng  is  used  in  geographical  areas  and  seasons  in  which  sunlight   is   the   limiOng  factor   for  producOon.  Vegetable  transplants  such  as  tomato,  cucumber  and  pepper  seedlings  show  increased  growth  and  quality  when  photosyntheOcaly  acOve  radiaOon  is  supplemented  with  the  convenOonal  high-­‐pressure   sodium   (HPS)   lamps.   The   emerging   high   intensity   light-­‐emiWng  diode  (LED)  lamps  are  a  potenOal  alternaOve  to  current  lighOng  technology  due  to  its  long  funcOonal  life,  low  operaOng  temperature,  low  energy  consumpOon,  and   selecOve   spectral   output.   Nevertheless,   before   being   introduced   to   the  commercial  greenhouse  market,  this  technology  must  be  properly  evaluated  in  terms  of   economic   feasibility,   lamp  placement  within   the  greenhouse/canopy,  irradiance  intensity,  and  spectral  quality  required  for  plant  growth.      We  have  examined  red  and  blue  LED  light  qualiOes  at  varied  raOos.  In  order  to  test  the  hypothesis  that  the  light  quality  requirement  may  be  affected  by  solar  daily   light   integrals   (DLIs),   the  experiment  was  designed   to   compare   the  plant  responses  to  light  qualiOes  under  two  different  levels  of  DLIs  created  inside  the  greenhouse  using  shade  screens.    

Materials  and  Methods  

TesOng  different  RED:BLUE  raOos  providing  55  μmol  m-­‐2  s-­‐1    for  18  hours  =                              3.54    mol  m-­‐2  d-­‐1  of  supplemental  LED  light.      

Peaks:  Blue  =  455  nm  ,  Red  =  661  nm  

Treatments  

Tucson,  Arizona  Double-­‐layered  acrylic  glazing  Pad-­‐and-­‐fan  cooling  system  North-­‐South  orientaOon    

Greenhouse  growing  plahorm  

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Data  collecOon  •  Dry  mass  •  Fresh  mass  •  Plant  Height  •  Epicotyl  length  •  Hypocotyl  length  •  Stem  diameter  •  Leaf  count  •  Chlorophyll  •  Leaf  area  •  Anthocyanin    •  PhotosyntheOc  rate    

Summary  LED  supplemental  lighOng  increased  growth  and  improved  morphology  of  tomato  ‘KomeeA’,   pepper   ‘Fascinato’,   and   cucumber   ‘Cumlaude’   seedlings   in   both   high  and  low  DLI  condiOons.    Tomato  ‘KomeeA’  and  pepper  ‘Fascinato’  did  not  show  any  differences  in  growth  or  morphology  between  red  and  red  +  blue  light  under  high  and  low  DLI.  Cucumber   ‘Cumlaude’   did   not   show   any   differences   in   growth   or   morphology  between  red  and  red  +  blue  light  under  high  DLI.  However,  the  red  light  treatment  under  low  DLI  condiOons  increased  growth  compared  to    red  +  blue  light.        

100%   96%  

4%   16%  

84%