Oral Cancer Sillent Killer 00108 00134

8/14/2019 Oral Cancer Sillent Killer 00108 00134

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ORAL CANCER: AORAL CANCER: ASilent KillerSilent Killer

Katherine Erwin DDS, MPAKatherine Erwin DDS, MPA

Morehouse School of MedicineMorehouse School of Medicine


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ORAL CANCER: A Silent KillerORAL CANCER: A Silent Killer

INTRODUCTION:INTRODUCTION:

The mouth is a mirror for general healthThe mouth is a mirror for general healthand welland well--being.being.

Poor oral health can interfere with vitalPoor oral health can interfere with vital

functions such as breathing, eating,functions such as breathing, eating,swallowing and speaking and significantlyswallowing and speaking and significantlydiminishes the quality of life.diminishes the quality of life.

Oral Health In America: A Report of the Surgeon GeneralOral Health In America: A Report of the Surgeon General


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Recent research findings have identifiedRecent research findings have identifiedpossible associations between chronic oralpossible associations between chronic oral

infections:infections:

diabetes,diabetes,

heart and lung disease,heart and lung disease,

stroke,stroke, lowlow--birth weight/premature births.birth weight/premature births.



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It is estimated that only 48% of the totalIt is estimated that only 48% of the totalpopulation see a dentist on a regularpopulation see a dentist on a regularbasis.basis.

However, 98% of the population has someHowever, 98% of the population has someform of oral condition.form of oral condition.

It is estimated that 80% of systemicIt is estimated that 80% of systemicdiseases appear as some form of oraldiseases appear as some form of oralmanifestation.manifestation.



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Oral exams are important becauseOral exams are important because

health professionals can detect manyhealth professionals can detect manysystemic diseases including:systemic diseases including: HIV/AIDSHIV/AIDS

Oral CancerOral Cancer Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus

Liver DiseaseLiver Disease

Sjigren syndromeSjigren syndrome

certain medical treatments have oral healthcertain medical treatments have oral healthimplicationsimplications


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Oral cancer will be diagnosed in anOral cancer will be diagnosed in an

estimated 30,000 Americans this year.estimated 30,000 Americans this year.

Each year 8,000 people die from oralEach year 8,000 people die from oralcancer and its complications, killingcancer and its complications, killingroughly 1 person per hour.roughly 1 person per hour.


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If the definition is expanded to includeIf the definition is expanded to include

cancer of the larynx, the risk factors arecancer of the larynx, the risk factors arethe same, the number of dx cases grow tothe same, the number of dx cases grow to41,000 individuals, and 12,500 deaths per41,000 individuals, and 12,500 deaths peryear in the US aloneyear in the US alone

Oral cancer is the sixth most commonOral cancer is the sixth most commoncancer among men.cancer among men.


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Oral cancer strikes men twice as often asOral cancer strikes men twice as often as

it does womenit does women

For African Americans, incidence peaksFor African Americans, incidence peaksabout ten years earlier.about ten years earlier.


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. The overall survival rate for oral cancer in the. The overall survival rate for oral cancer in the

general population is 52%, a survival rate worsegeneral population is 52%, a survival rate worsethan prostate, uterine, breast, bladder, cervicalthan prostate, uterine, breast, bladder, cervicaland colon cancersand colon cancers

A 5A 5--year survival rate for African American menyear survival rate for African American menwith oral cancer is approximately 34%.with oral cancer is approximately 34%.

With early detection and treatment, the 5With early detection and treatment, the 5--yearyearsurvival rate can increase up to 85%.survival rate can increase up to 85%.


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Even though Oral cancer is typically aEven though Oral cancer is typically adisease of older people (60disease of older people (60--70), usually70), usually

because of their longer exposure to thebecause of their longer exposure to therisk factors, it does occur in youngerrisk factors, it does occur in youngerindividuals.individuals.


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RISKS FACTORS:RISKS FACTORS:

drink excessive amounts of alcoholdrink excessive amounts of alcohol use of tobacco productsuse of tobacco products

exposed to sunlight on a regular basisexposed to sunlight on a regular basis have habits such as lip biting and cheekhave habits such as lip biting and cheek

chewingchewing having illhaving ill--fitting denturesfitting dentures..


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RISK FACTORSRISK FACTORS::

Tobacco has been implicated in as many asTobacco has been implicated in as many as95% of head and neck cancers; over 80% of95% of head and neck cancers; over 80% ofthese cancers are associated with alcohol use.these cancers are associated with alcohol use.

Tobacco is the greatest preventable cause ofTobacco is the greatest preventable cause ofcancer morbidity and mortality and causescancer morbidity and mortality and causes

profound worldwide economic losses everyprofound worldwide economic losses everyyearyearover $150 billion in the United Statesover $150 billion in the United Statesalonealone


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RISK FACTORS:RISK FACTORS:

Cigarettes contain more than 43 cancer causingCigarettes contain more than 43 cancer causingagents. Smokers are six times more likely thanagents. Smokers are six times more likely thannon smokers to develop some form of oralnon smokers to develop some form of oral

cancer.cancer. Cigars and pipes are perceived as less harmfulCigars and pipes are perceived as less harmful

but smokers are at increased risk for lip cancersbut smokers are at increased risk for lip cancers

in areas where the pipe stem rests. Cigars alsoin areas where the pipe stem rests. Cigars alsotake longer to burn and contain more tobaccotake longer to burn and contain more tobaccothan cigarettes.than cigarettes.

National Cancer Institute: Cancer FactsNational Cancer Institute: Cancer Facts


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RISK FACTORSRISK FACTORS::

Spit tobacco, also known as chewingSpit tobacco, also known as chewingtobacco and snuff are consideredtobacco and snuff are considered

smokeless tobacco products, harmfulsmokeless tobacco products, harmfulchemicals including nicotine are ingested.chemicals including nicotine are ingested.

Chewing tobacco and snuff can causeChewing tobacco and snuff can causecancer in the cheek, gums and lips.cancer in the cheek, gums and lips.


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Other chemicals in chewing tobacco and snuffOther chemicals in chewing tobacco and snuffincludeinclude::

Nuclear wasteNuclear waste Cancer causing agentsCancer causing agents

Car battery chemicalsCar battery chemicals

Cyanide (a type of poison)Cyanide (a type of poison) ArsenicArsenic

LeadLead Formaldehyde (normally used to embalmFormaldehyde (normally used to embalm

corpses)corpses)

www.medicalcenter.osu.edu


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Warning Signs of Oral Cancer:Warning Signs of Oral Cancer:

sores on the face, neck mouth that do notsores on the face, neck mouth that do notheal within two weeksheal within two weeks

swellings, lumps or bumps on the lips, gumsswellings, lumps or bumps on the lips, gums

or other areas inside the mouthor other areas inside the mouth

white (leukoplakia) or red (erythroplakia)white (leukoplakia) or red (erythroplakia)patches in the mouthpatches in the mouth


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Warning Signs of Oral Cancer:Warning Signs of Oral Cancer:

Swelling of the jaw that causes denturesSwelling of the jaw that causes denturesto fit poorly or become uncomfortableto fit poorly or become uncomfortable

Loose teethLoose teeth

A change in the voice and / orA change in the voice and / or

Pain in the ear.Pain in the ear.


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Ventral Surface of TongueVentral Surface of Tongue


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Lateral Border of the TongueLateral Border of the Tongue


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LABIAL MUCOSALABIAL MUCOSA


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THINGS TO DO:THINGS TO DO:

Perform Oral Exam:Perform Oral Exam: Look in your mouthLook in your mouth ORAL Exam:ORAL Exam: BiBi--annual, ask your Dentist toannual, ask your Dentist toperform an Oral Cancer exam.perform an Oral Cancer exam.

REDUCE and or ELIMINATEREDUCE and or ELIMINATE your alcoholyour alcoholand tobacco useand tobacco use FOLLOWFOLLOW--UPUP to make sure a definitiveto make sure a definitive

diagnosis is obtained when possiblediagnosis is obtained when possiblesigns/symptoms of oral cancer are identified.signs/symptoms of oral cancer are identified.

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Oral Cancer Sillent Killer 00108 00134