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Midterm Graphic Organizers KEY 2012.notebook
1
January 08, 2013
Organic Molecules: Inorganic Molecules:(All contain carbon)
(Do NOT contain carbon)1.) Carbohydrates: Quick source of energy
2.) Lipids: Long-term energy storage
3.) Proteins: Raw materials and enzyme action (catalysts)
4.) Nucleic Acids: Store DNA/RNA/Genetic Information
1.) Water: able to dissolve many substances because it is
polar_Has a high heat capacity
2.) Minerals: Help the body function in many ways
-Potassium, sodium, iron, and magnesium are all examples
5.) Vitamins: Help the body functionin many ways
-A, C, D, and E are all examples
Midterm Graphic Organizers KEY 2012.notebook
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January 08, 2013
Water has a pH of 7. Anything below 7 is considered a ___________. Anything above 7 is considered a ________________
(n) acidbase
Midterm Graphic Organizers KEY 2012.notebook
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January 08, 2013
Cell Types Include
Examples Include:
All cells have:
Bacteria
Which NEVER Have:
2 major types we studied
are:
And often DO have:
Which have chloroplasts and a
cell wall
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
cell membraneribosomescytoplasmDNA
nucleuscomplex organelles
flagellapseudopodiacillia
PlantAnimal
Midterm Graphic Organizers KEY 2012.notebook
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January 08, 2013
Which ORGANELLE does each picture make you think of?
1.) A brick wall is like the. . .because. . .
2.) An assembly line is like the. . .because. . .
3.) A solar panel is like the. . . because. . .
4.) A trash can is like the. . .because. . .
5.) A power plant is like the. . .because. . .
6.) A bouncer is like the. . .because. . .
cell wall rigid barrier around plant cells
ER transports proteins made by cell
chloroplasts takes in sunlight and converts it to glucose (energy)
Lysosome it breaks down waste for the cell
mitochondria powerhouse where ATPis made
cell membrane it is selectively permeable
Midterm Graphic Organizers KEY 2012.notebook
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January 08, 2013
Photosynthesis
Organisms who perform it:
Both Processes Occur In:
The relationship between the two processes is:
Organelle where it occurs:
Uses:
Releases:
Organisms who perform it:
Organelle where it occurs:
Cellular Respiration
Uses:
Releases:
Anaerobic resp produces (less/more) ATP because it does not use ________
(Aerobic Respiration)
Chemosynthesis is different. Write its equation:
plants/autotrophs/producers
chloroplasts
carbon dioxide,water, andsunlight
glucose and oxygen
autotrophs and heterotrophs (producers and consumers)
mitochondria
glucose andoxygen
carbon dioxide,water, and ATP
plants/autotrophs/producers
the products of one process are the reactants of the other process
happens only in complete darkness by chemotrophs
water + inorganic compounds + carbon dioxide > oxygen and glucose
oxygen
Midterm Graphic Organizers KEY 2012.notebook
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January 08, 2013
Two Major Categories of Cell Transport
DiffusionOsmosis Facilitated
Diffusion
Concentration Gradient
(Against)(With)
Movement of _particles_ across the cellmembrane
Examples include:food coloring in beakers, salt and sugar movement in cells
Movement of water across the cellmembrane
Concentration Gradient
Requires _____ created by mitochondria as its source of energy
Moves substances from ______ to ______ concentration
hypertonic solutions cause cells to shrink because water leaves the cell
hypotonic solutions cause cells to swell because water enters the cell
isotonic solutions have reached equilibrium with the cell
ActivePassive
Think "AAA" Active Transport is Against the Gradient and requires ATP
low high
Midterm Graphic Organizers KEY 2012.notebook
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January 08, 2013
Minerals
Needed in trace (small) amounts Ex. sodium, potassium,
Prokaryotes
Ex. bacteria cell membrane, DNA, ribosomes (all cells have these)Also has a cell wall and NO nucleusMay have movement structures like flagella (whip tail), cilia (small hairs) or psuedopodia (false foot)
Eukaryotes
Ex. yeast it has single celled but has a nucleus and organelles.
Biomolecules
Cell membrane made up of lipidsCell wall made up of celluloseDNA store genetic information and information on making proteinsEnzyme activity will decrease if pH or temperature is too low or too high. The will denature (be destroyed) at high temperatures. Enzymes have an optimal temperature and pH. This is unique to each enzyme.
Cell Structure
Mitochondria releases energy and uses oxygen to do it (cellular respiration)It makes ATP and delivers it to cells.
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Plants use light as their energy source.Cell wall is made of celluloseThe bubbles produced by plants in water are oxygenThe chloroplast produces oxygen gas.Aerobic respiration uses oxygen and makes the most ATPAnerobic does not use oxygen and produces MUCH less ATPExercise causes the body to produce more carbon dioxide because your doing more cellular respiration to make ATP.Bacteria living in the ABSENCE of light makes its' food using inorganic compounds (chemosynthesis)..
Midterm Graphic Organizers KEY 2012.notebook
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January 08, 2013
Cell Structure
If the mitochondria gets damaged then it can't make and release ATP.Cell membrane is directly involved in transport. All substances wither entering or exiting the cell must pass through it.
Osmosis and Diffusionsalt, sugar, CO2 and oxygen move through diffusionWATER moves through osmosisFreshwater organism in salt water will shrink as water will leave its' cells.Saltwater organism in freshwater will swell as water will enter its' cells.Water moves from high to low concentration.
Body SystemsExcretory eliminates waste ( through bowels or skin by sweating)Circulatory delivers oxygen to cells, tissue and organs. It works with the resspiratory system.
Body Systems continuedHormones work with positive and negative feedback to deliver chemical messages to the body.Muscular system works with the nervous system to contract muscles.Hormones are chemical messengers
Scientific methodControl gets no treatment ( You compare the experimental group to it.Constant something that stays the same ( amount of light, amount of water)What is the difference between 1 x 105 and 1 x 103. It would be 1 x 102
Midterm Graphic Organizers KEY 2012.notebook
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January 08, 2013
Midterm Graphic Organizers KEY 2012.notebook
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January 08, 2013