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ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC (OPV) MODULES FOR THE EMPOWER OF

AUTONOMOUS INDOOR SENSORS

S. BAH, A. BARBOT, M. MANCEAU, G. VANNIER, N. LEMAITRE, M. MATHERON, S. BERSON

October, 26th 2016

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CONTEXT: INTERNET OF THINGS

• IoT = 3rd revolution of internet

• Exponential number of applications, fields of industrial and environmental monitoring,

energy management, building and home automation

• Major Concern = Powering and autonomy of these objects, wireless

• Need of ENERGY HARVESTING

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ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES

Lightweight< 1kg/m²

Polychromatic modulesColor: blue, green, purple

Ultra Thin< 1 mm

Semi-Transparency

FlexibleRadius 10 cm

CustomizationDimensions, shapes, voltage, current

Technology mature for integrationLemaitre Noëlla

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PRINTED ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES LABORATORY

• Selection of materials & optimization of architecture

• Development of printing processes on larger surface

Top electrode (Silver, Aluminium, Ag NWs)

P layer (PEDOT:PSS, WO3)

Active layer (Polymers, Organometallic Materials)

N layer (ZnO, TiOx)

Transparent Conducting Electrode (Oxide, Ag NWs)

Active Materials Devices Substrate Active Area (cm²) Efficiency (%)

Polymer:PC60BM

Cell (lab.) PET 0.13 > 9%

Module PET 100 > 5%

Flexible plastic substrate

15cmx15cm

PCE 4,3% PCE 4,9%

5cmx5cm

10cmx10cm

PCE 5,2%

Lemaitre Noëlla

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• Structure of modules:

• PET / TCO / EIL / Active layer/ HTL /Ag

• OPV Modules realized by laser ablation : GFF > 80%

CUSTOMIZATION

• Patterning of the transparent electrode (P1)

• Patterning of the stack ETL/CA/HTL (P2)

• Patterning of the top electrode (P3)

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DIMENSIONING THE SYSTEM

Vmax, Pmax in

function of the

application

Polymer PCE (%) P (W/m²)

P3HT

(Ref)2.5 % 23

OPV1 5.0 % 46

OPV4 5.3 % 49

• Tuning the electrical output

• Series connection

• Optimization with 2nd

generation polymers

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• Performance measurement

• PCE (%) = Pmpp / Pinput

• Under one SUN AM1.5: Pinput = 1000 W/m²

• Variation of the inpunt power: VIM studies

• Under low light: response not linear, function of the intensity and of the light

source

• Indoor Sources

• LED, fluorescent lamp, neon tube

• From 200 lux to 1000 lux

WHAT ABOUT LOW LIGHT PERFORMANCES?

-0,2

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

0 500 1000 1500

Bri

ghtn

ess

fact

or

Y(λ)

Wavelength(nm)

Conversion of electrical power

(irradiance in W/m²) to

illuminance in lux

E (lux) = 𝟎

∞𝑭 𝝀 𝒀 𝝀 𝒅λ

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THE VIM EXPERIMENTAL SET UP

The Variable Illumination Measurements (VIM) method consists of scanning the

IV curve under logarithmically varying illumination levels

EncapsulatedOPVCell

From 1.2.103 to 10-2 W/m²

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0,000001

0,00001

0,0001

0,001

0,01

0,1

1

0,01 0,1 1 10 100 1000 10000

Imp

p(n

orm

alis

é)

P (W/m²)

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

1,4

0,01 0,1 1 10 100 1000 10000

Vm

pp

(no

rmal

isé

e)

P (W/m²)

LED VIM STUDIES OF DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES

• Linearity of the curent in

function of the Pinput

Polycristalline Si ; Si-a on glass (optimised for indoor); Si-a on flex; CIGS on flex; OPV on flex

• Vmpp evolution under low

light

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COMPARISON OF OPV AND OTHERS TECHNOLOGIES FOR

INDOOR APPLICATIONS

• Test at 220 lux

1.85

4.71

0.01 0.05

1.87

0,0

1,0

2,0

3,0

4,0

5,0

6,0 P max (µW/cm²)

Fluorescent lamp Neon tube

1.44

5.28

0.00 0.05

1.87

0,0

1,0

2,0

3,0

4,0

5,0

6,0

7,0 P max (µW/cm²)

Polycristalline Si ; Si-a on glass (optimised for indoor); Si-a on flex; CIGS on flex; OPV on flex

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0.14

0.59

0.000.03

0.41

0,0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,7

Voc (V)

0.16

0.58

0.00

0.04

0.41

0,0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,7

Voc (V)

COMPARISON OF OPV AND OTHERS TECHNOLOGIES FOR

INDOOR APPLICATIONS

• Test at 220 lux

Good Voc in indoor conditions for Si-a on glass and OPV on flex

Polycristalline Si ; Si-a on glass (optimised for indoor); Si-a on flex; CIGS on flex; OPV on flex

Fluorescent lamp Neon tube

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• Modules for lighting remote control

• Modules 8 strips 25 x 50 mm

• PCE ~ 4.8% under 1 SUN

• Indoor efficiency: 1.9 to 9.7 mw/cm²

SYSTEM INTEGRATION

3,293,84

4,27

0

1

2

3

4

5

Démo 1

Voc (V)

néon 220 lux néon 500 lux 1000 lux néon+ext

1,96

2,352,63

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

Démo 1

Vmax (V)

néon 220 lux néon 500 lux 1000 lux néon+ext

1,87

4,80

9,66

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Démo 1

Pmax (μW/cm²)

néon 220 lux néon 500 lux 1000 lux néon+ext

Neon tube 220 lux; Neon tube 500 lux, Neon tube + ext light 1000 lux

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• LIGHTING REMOTE CONTROL

• Continuous charge of the batteries thanks to OPV modules

• PCB for the power management with low consumption components

• Improvement of the autonomy

SYSTEM INTEGRATION

@ DECOPV Project

Consumption: off 0,304 mA

on 6.5 mA

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• Wall control for roller shutter

• 2x Laser modules 8 strips PCE~3.4%

• Central zone for the position control (up/stop/down)

• Wireless system

• Same behaviour in low light

OTHER EXAMPLE OF INTEGRATION

@ DECOPV Project

Consumption: off 0,340 mA

on ~15 mA

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• Good behaviour of flexible OPV under low light (200 to 1000 lux)

• Good response for the different sources (fluorescent lamp, LED…)

• Integration in system possible

• Aging studies in indoor? Definition of standards?

• Perovskite?

CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES

Active Materials Devices Substrate Active Area (cm²) Efficiency (%)

Polymer:PC60BM Cell (lab.) PET 0.13 > 9%

Perovskite Cell (lab.)

Glass 0.13 > 18%

PET 0.28 > 9%

Pmax (Perovskite cell)= 15.2 to 17.7 mW/cm² and Voc (Perovskite cell)= 608 to 616 mV

under 220 lux (fluo or neon)

Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives

Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission 17 av des martyrs F-38000 GRENOBLE France

http://liten.cea.fr

Établissement public à caractère industriel et commercial

Public establishment with commercial and industrial character

RCS Paris B 775 685 019

INES Site

Institut National de l’Energie Solaire

National Solar Energy Institute

50 avenue du lac Léman

F-73375 Le Bourget-du-Lac France

+33 4 79 79 20 00

THANK YOU

FOR YOUR ATTENTION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

CEA – Printed OPV Modules

Laboratory