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Introduction
This course will provide an introduction to water treatment
processes and technology. You will
be introduced to factors to consider in selecting water
treatment processes, preliminary treatment,
aeration, coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation basins,
filtration, fluoride adjustment, taste
and odor control, water softening, iron and manganese control,
and corrosion and scale control in
water treatment plants and distribution systems. You will learn
about water treatment processes,
terminology, treatment plant layout and equipment. This course
will give you a foundation that
will help you to address water treatment plant design,
construction and operation and
maintenance issues. This course is intended for engineers and
construction professionals who are
looking for an introduction to water treatment processes and
technology in order address water
treatment plant design, construction, operation and maintenance
issues.
An operational definition of water demand management is proposed
with five components:
a. Reducing the quantity or quality of water required to
accomplish a specific task
b. Adjusting the nature of the task so it can be accomplished
with less water or lower
quality water
c. Reducing losses in movement from source through use to
disposal
d. Shifting time of use to off-peak periods
e. Increasing the ability of the system to operate during
droughts.
This definitions brings out the drivers of water saving and
permits tracking of gains by the source
of the saving. It is also applicable to nations at different
stages of economic development. And it
shows how goals of greater water use efficiency are linked to
those of equity, environmental
protection, and public participation. Taken together, these
goals make water demand
management less a set of techniques than a concept of
governance.
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Conclusion
The designing and evaluating of community water supply
distribution systems has to consider
the amount of water for the commercial interests, governmental
property, educational facilities,
and all classifications of residential property as presented
above in a general relationship to
average and maximum daily consumption demand. At any time of the
day, the day of the week,
or the week of a given year, a structure fire or other fire
emergency such as transportation vehicle
fires or, in some cases, natural cover fires may erupt. Water is
the primary agent of choice to
confine, control, and extinguish structural fires. Each
community needs to evaluate and design or
modify the design of the community water system to meet
present-day needs to address future
demands based on growth of the built area and population
increases, along with the need to meet
EPA criteria for water quality.
